CN111748717A - Wear-resistant casting made of metal-based ceramic composite material and machining process of wear-resistant casting - Google Patents
Wear-resistant casting made of metal-based ceramic composite material and machining process of wear-resistant casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111748717A CN111748717A CN202010619778.6A CN202010619778A CN111748717A CN 111748717 A CN111748717 A CN 111748717A CN 202010619778 A CN202010619778 A CN 202010619778A CN 111748717 A CN111748717 A CN 111748717A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant casting made of a metal-based ceramic composite material and a processing technology thereof, wherein the wear-resistant casting is prepared by processing the metal-based ceramic composite material; during processing, ceramic particles are used as a base, and are modified; and mix ceramic particle and metal-based material through mixing injection molding device, modified ceramic material and metal-based material are after getting into the injection molding reaction tube, stir the mixing material through the stirring leaf of puddler bottom, power motor drive puddler clockwise rotation simultaneously, the puddler is when clockwise rotating, at first the mixing material in the injection molding reaction tube is stirred through the stirring leaf of bottom, the helical blade that lies in the below can be carried the mixing material from bottom to top simultaneously, and the helical blade that lies in the top will move the mixing material to the top again and return to the below, thereby make the material fully mix in the injection molding reaction tube, compare in traditional stirring mode, can make more even mixture of material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant casting made of a metal-based ceramic composite material and a processing technology thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of modern industry, the traditional steel materials are difficult to meet the requirements of materials in the fields of wear resistance and the like, in the prior art, the metal-based ceramic composite material has the hardness, wear resistance and metal toughness of ceramic, solves the problem that the high hardness and high toughness of the traditional steel materials are mutually contradictory, and is widely used in a plurality of technical fields;
the metal matrix ceramic composite material is a composite material consisting of a metal material with good toughness and a ceramic material with good hardness, but in the prior art, because the dispersion effect of the metal material and the ceramic material is poor, the casting prepared from the metal matrix ceramic composite material has the condition of insufficient local position strength, so that the quality of the casting is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wear-resistant casting made of a metal-based ceramic composite material and a processing technology thereof.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
the metal matrix ceramic composite material in the prior art is a composite material composed of a metal material with good toughness and a ceramic material with good hardness, but because the combination effect between the metal matrix material and the ceramic material is poor, and the traditional stirring dispersion effect is poor, the quality of a casting made of the metal matrix ceramic composite material can be influenced.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a wear-resistant casting made of a metal-based ceramic composite material is prepared by processing the metal-based ceramic composite material;
the metal-based wear-resistant composite material is prepared by mixing a modified ceramic material and a metal-based material, wherein the volume ratio of the modified ceramic material is 20-80%;
the preparation method of the modified ceramic material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the ceramic particles into an ethanol water solution, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 5-20min, washing with the ethanol water solution after ultrasonic treatment is finished, and drying the cleaned ceramic particles for later use;
s2, adding the ceramic particles processed in the previous step into a coarsening liquid, soaking for 4-6min at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, washing the ceramic particles by using an ethanol water solution, drying the ceramic particles after washing, adding the dried ceramic particles into an activation liquid, and activating for 10-13min at the temperature of 45-50 ℃;
s3, preparing graphene oxide ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.5-1.4g/L, adding the ceramic particles treated in the previous step into the graphene oxide ethanol dispersion liquid, filtering after ultrasonic mixing, roasting the solid phase mixture for 1-2.5 hours at the temperature of 550-650 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, naturally cooling to normal temperature, and grinding and dispersing to obtain the modified ceramic material.
As a further scheme of the invention, the metal-based material is steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, zinc alloy, copper alloy or magnesium alloy, and the particle size of the metal-based material is 0.1-3 mm.
As a further scheme of the invention, the modified ceramic material is prepared by modifying a ceramic material, the ceramic material is one or a mixture of at least two of alumina ceramic particles, silicon carbide ceramic particles and silicon nitride ceramic particles in any ratio, and the particle size of the ceramic particles is 0.1-3 mm.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the activating solution is an aqueous solution of lead chloride and hydrochloric acid, wherein the concentration of lead chloride is 0.125g/L, and the volume concentration of hydrochloric acid is 4%.
As a further scheme of the invention, the volume concentration of the ethanol water solution is 20-80%.
A processing technology of a wear-resistant casting made of a metal-based ceramic composite material comprises the following steps:
heating the modified ceramic material to 200-600 ℃, and transferring the heated modified ceramic material to a feeding bin of a hybrid injection molding device in a heat preservation manner;
heating and melting a metal-based material, inputting the metal-based material and a binder into a metal-based feeding pipe through a metal-based material pipe, and uniformly mixing a modified ceramic material and the metal-based material through an injection molding reaction cylinder;
injecting the mixed materials into a mould through an injection molding reaction cylinder, forming the mixed materials in the mould, and then putting the formed precast block blank into an oven for baking and sintering to form a high-strength ceramic precast block;
the precast block is fixed at a preset position of a molding cavity (so as to form a ceramic wear-resistant layer to resist wear), the mould is closed to wait for pouring, finally, melted high-temperature molten iron is injected into the molding cavity, the temperature of the poured molten iron is required to be high at the moment, so that the ceramic precast block and the metal molten iron are fully fused, the ceramic wear-resistant layer with high hardness and without ceramic particles falling off which are integrated with ceramic and metal is formed, and a ceramic wear-resistant casting is obtained.
As a further scheme of the invention, the hybrid injection molding device comprises a supporting platform, a bottom mounting plate fixedly connected with the supporting platform through a smooth connecting rod, wherein a driving assembly and an injection molding bin assembly are arranged on the bottom mounting plate, and the injection molding bin assembly is connected with a feeding bin;
the injection molding bin assembly comprises an injection molding reaction cylinder, the outer wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder is connected with a bottom mounting plate in a sliding mode, and two air compressors are fixedly connected to the side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder through a fixed connecting sleeve;
the injection molding bin assembly further comprises a motor mounting table, the motor mounting table is fixedly connected with an air compressor, a bearing seat is arranged on the motor mounting table, a power motor is fixedly mounted on the bearing seat, a shaft of the power motor extends to be fixedly connected with one end of the stirring rod, and the bearing seat is rotatably sleeved on the stirring rod;
one end of the injection molding reaction cylinder is provided with a mechanical sealing structure, the mechanical sealing structure is sleeved on a stirring rod, one end of the part of the stirring rod, which is positioned in the injection molding reaction cylinder, is fixedly provided with a stirring blade, the side wall of the part of the stirring rod, which is positioned in the injection molding reaction cylinder, is provided with two spiral blades, the two spiral blades comprise an anticlockwise downward spiral blade positioned above and a clockwise downward spiral blade positioned below, a power motor drives the stirring rod to rotate clockwise, and the width of the anticlockwise downward spiral blade is greater than that of the clockwise downward spiral blade;
the injection molding reaction cylinder is characterized in that an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the bottom of the injection molding reaction cylinder, a check piece is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder, an air hole is reserved between the check piece and the inner side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder, a space formed between the check piece and the injection molding reaction cylinder is connected with an air compressor through a main pipe, the main pipe is connected with vacuum pumping equipment through a branch pipe, a valve is arranged on the branch pipe, and a valve is arranged between one end of the main pipe, which is connected with the air compressor;
a feed port is formed in one side of the fixed connecting sleeve, a hole penetrating through the side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder is formed in the injection molding reaction cylinder corresponding to the feed port, the feed port is connected with the feed bin through a feed pipe, a spiral feed rod is rotationally arranged in the feed pipe, and one end of the spiral feed rod is fixedly connected with a shaft extension of a motor;
the lateral wall of inlet pipe still is connected with the metal base inlet pipe, and the metal base inlet pipe is connected with metal base material pipe and high-pressure gas-supply pipe respectively.
As a further scheme of the invention, a sliding rod sliding sleeve and an air cylinder connecting sleeve are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the air compressor.
As a further scheme of the invention, the driving assembly comprises a limiting slide rod and a position adjusting cylinder which are fixedly arranged on the bottom mounting plate, a slide rod sliding sleeve is sleeved on the limiting slide rod in a sliding mode, a cylinder shaft of the position adjusting cylinder is fixedly connected with a cylinder connecting sleeve, and the injection molding bin assembly can be driven to move in the vertical direction through the position adjusting cylinder.
As a further aspect of the present invention, a hybrid injection molding apparatus operates by:
adding a modified ceramic material into a feeding bin, transmitting the modified ceramic material in the feeding bin into an injection molding reaction cylinder through a spiral feeding rod in a feeding pipe, simultaneously inputting a metal-based material into a metal-based feeding pipe through a metal-based material pipe, and simultaneously inputting compressed nitrogen into the injection molding reaction cylinder through an air compressor to enable the metal-based material to be injected into the injection molding reaction cylinder;
after the modified ceramic material and the metal-based material enter the injection molding reaction cylinder, the mixed material is stirred by a stirring blade at the bottom of a stirring rod, the stirring rod is driven by a power motor to rotate clockwise, when the stirring rod rotates clockwise, the mixed material in the injection molding reaction cylinder is stirred by the stirring blade at the bottom, meanwhile, the mixed material is conveyed from bottom to top by a spiral blade positioned below, and the mixed material moved to the top is returned to the bottom by the spiral blade positioned above, so that the materials are fully mixed in the injection molding reaction cylinder;
vacuumizing the injection molding reaction cylinder through a vacuumizing device connected with a branch pipe in the mixing process, timely pumping out gas in the injection molding reaction cylinder to stabilize the air pressure in the injection molding reaction cylinder, injecting compressed nitrogen into the injection molding reaction cylinder through an air compressor after mixing is completed, and improving the air pressure in the injection molding reaction cylinder;
the height of the injection molding bin assembly is lowered by the position adjusting cylinder, the bottom of the injection molding reaction cylinder is connected with the feeding end of the mold, and the electromagnetic valve is opened to enable the material in the injection molding reaction cylinder to enter the mold.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the preparation method, when a modified ceramic material is prepared, ceramic particles are taken as a base, the ceramic particles are firstly cleaned, coarsened and activated, the surface roughness and the activity of the ceramic particles are improved, then the ceramic particles with surfaces coated with graphene oxide are prepared by mixing the ceramic particles with a graphene oxide ethanol dispersion liquid, the ceramic particles are roasted at a high temperature in an inert gas environment, part of graphene oxide can be reduced by high-temperature ethanol steam generated in the roasting process of part of graphene oxide, so that the graphene oxide is reduced to form reduced graphene oxide, and the mixing effect of the ceramic particles and a metal-based material is improved;
2. when the hybrid injection molding device works, firstly, the modified ceramic material heated at high temperature is added into a feeding bin, the modified ceramic material in the feeding bin is transmitted into an injection molding reaction cylinder through a spiral feeding rod in a feeding pipe, meanwhile, a metal-based material is input into a metal-based feeding pipe through a metal-based pipe, and meanwhile, compressed nitrogen is input into the injection molding reaction cylinder through an air compressor, so that the metal-based material is injected into the injection molding reaction cylinder; after the modified ceramic material and the metal-based material enter the injection molding reaction cylinder, the mixed material is stirred by the stirring blade at the bottom of the stirring rod, meanwhile, the stirring rod is driven by the power motor to rotate clockwise, when the stirring rod rotates clockwise, the mixed material in the injection molding reaction cylinder is stirred by the stirring blade at the bottom, meanwhile, the mixed material is conveyed from bottom to top by the spiral blade positioned below, and the mixed material moved to the top is returned to the bottom by the spiral blade positioned above, so that the materials are fully mixed in the injection molding reaction cylinder, and compared with the traditional stirring mode, the materials can be more uniformly mixed; carry out the evacuation in the mixing process through branch pipe connected evacuating device to the injection molding reaction cylinder, in time take out the gas in the injection molding reaction cylinder with stable injection molding reaction cylinder internal gas pressure, avoid having a large amount of bubbles in the misce bene, after the mixture of completion material, reduce the height of injection molding storehouse subassembly through the position control cylinder, make the bottom of injection molding reaction cylinder and the feeding one end joint of mould, and inject compression nitrogen gas into in to the injection molding reaction cylinder through an air compressor, promote injection molding reaction cylinder internal gas pressure, open the solenoid valve, make the material in the injection molding reaction cylinder get into in the mould, the whole process can be abundant carry out abundant mixture to metal-based material and modified ceramic material, promote the quality of shaping foundry goods.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hybrid injection molding apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a hybrid injection molding apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a hybrid injection molding apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of another aspect of a hybrid injection molding apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a molding magazine assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of an injection mold cartridge assembly.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A wear-resistant casting made of a metal-based ceramic composite material is prepared by processing the metal-based ceramic composite material;
the metal-based wear-resistant composite material is prepared by processing a modified ceramic material and a metal-based material, wherein the volume ratio of the modified ceramic material is 20-80%;
the metal-based material is steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, zinc alloy, copper alloy or magnesium alloy, and the particle size of the metal-based material is 0.1-3 mm;
the modified ceramic material is prepared by modifying a ceramic material, the ceramic material is one or at least two of alumina ceramic particles, silicon carbide ceramic particles and silicon nitride ceramic particles which are mixed in any ratio, and the particle size of the ceramic particles is 0.1-3 mm;
the preparation method of the modified ceramic material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the ceramic particles into an ethanol water solution, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 5-20mi, washing the ceramic particles by using the ethanol water solution after the ultrasonic treatment is finished, finishing the cleaning of the ceramic particles, and drying the cleaned ceramic particles for later use;
s2, adding the ceramic particles processed in the previous step into a coarsening liquid, soaking for 4-6min at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, washing the ceramic particles by using an ethanol water solution, drying the ceramic particles after washing, adding the dried ceramic particles into an activation liquid, and activating for 10-13min at the temperature of 45-50 ℃;
s3, preparing graphene oxide ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.5-1.4g/L, adding the ceramic particles treated in the previous step into the graphene oxide ethanol dispersion liquid, filtering after ultrasonic mixing, roasting the solid phase mixture for 1-2.5 hours at the temperature of 550-650 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, naturally cooling to normal temperature, and grinding and dispersing to obtain the modified ceramic material.
The activating solution is lead chloride hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of lead chloride is 0.125g/L, and the volume concentration of hydrochloric acid is 4%;
the processing technology of the wear-resistant casting made of the metal-based ceramic composite material comprises the following steps:
heating the modified ceramic material to 200-600 ℃, and transferring the heated modified ceramic material to a feeding bin of a hybrid injection molding device in a heat preservation manner;
heating and melting a metal-based material, inputting the metal-based material and a binder into a metal-based feeding pipe through a metal-based material pipe, and uniformly mixing a modified ceramic material and the metal-based material through an injection molding reaction cylinder;
injecting the mixed materials into a mould through an injection molding reaction cylinder, forming the mixed materials in the mould, and then putting the formed precast block blank into an oven for baking and sintering to form a high-strength ceramic precast block;
the precast block is fixed at a preset position of a molding cavity (so as to form a ceramic wear-resistant layer to resist wear), the mould is closed to wait for pouring, finally, melted high-temperature molten iron is injected into the molding cavity, the temperature of the poured molten iron is required to be high at the moment, so that the ceramic precast block and the metal molten iron are fully fused, the ceramic wear-resistant layer with high hardness and without ceramic particles falling off which are integrated with ceramic and metal is formed, and a ceramic wear-resistant casting is obtained.
The processing steps are all carried out in an inert gas environment;
the hybrid injection molding device comprises a supporting platform 1 and a bottom mounting plate 2 fixedly connected with the supporting platform 1 through a smooth connecting rod 11, wherein a driving assembly and an injection molding bin assembly are arranged on the bottom mounting plate 2, and the injection molding bin assembly is connected with a feeding bin 3;
the injection molding bin assembly comprises an injection molding reaction cylinder 23, the outer wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is connected with the bottom mounting plate 2 in a sliding mode, two air compressors 25 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 through a fixed connecting sleeve 24, and a sliding rod sliding sleeve 26 and an air cylinder connecting sleeve 27 are fixedly mounted on the side wall of each air compressor 25;
the driving assembly comprises a limiting slide rod 22 and a position adjusting cylinder 21 which are fixedly arranged on the bottom mounting plate 2, the slide rod sliding sleeve 26 is sleeved on the limiting slide rod 22 in a sliding mode, a cylinder shaft of the position adjusting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a cylinder connecting sleeve 27, and the injection molding bin assembly can be driven to move in the vertical direction through the position adjusting cylinder 21;
the injection molding bin assembly further comprises a motor mounting table 4, the motor mounting table 4 is fixedly connected with an air compressor 25, a bearing seat 41 is arranged on the motor mounting table 4, a power motor 5 is fixedly mounted on the bearing seat 41, the shaft of the power motor 5 is extended and fixedly connected with one end of a stirring rod 51, and the bearing seat 41 is rotatably sleeved on the stirring rod 51;
one end of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is provided with a mechanical seal structure 29, the mechanical seal structure 29 is sleeved on a stirring rod 51, one end of the part of the stirring rod 51 in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is fixedly provided with a stirring blade 52, the side wall of the part of the stirring rod 51 in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is provided with two spiral blades which comprise an anticlockwise downward spiral blade at the upper part and a clockwise downward spiral blade at the lower part, a power motor drives the stirring rod 51 to rotate clockwise, the width of the anticlockwise downward spiral blade is larger than that of the clockwise downward spiral blade, therefore, when the stirring rod 51 rotates clockwise, the mixed material in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is firstly stirred by the stirring blade 52 at the bottom, meanwhile, the spiral blade at the lower part can convey the mixed material from the bottom to the top, and the spiral blade at the upper part can convey the mixed material moved to the top to the lower part, the width difference of the upper helical blade and the lower helical blade can prevent a large amount of mixed materials from being sputtered upwards;
the bottom of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 28, the inner wall of the upper side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is fixedly provided with a check part 6, an air hole 61 is reserved between the check part 6 and the inner side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23, a space formed between the check part 6 and the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is connected with an air compressor 25 through a main pipe 63, the main pipe 63 is connected with a vacuum pumping device through a branch pipe 62, the branch pipe 62 is provided with a valve, and the valve is arranged between the main pipe 63 and a connection point of the main pipe 63 and one end of the air compressor 25;
a feed port 241 is arranged on one side of the fixed connecting sleeve 24, a hole penetrating through the side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is arranged in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 corresponding to the feed port 241, the feed port 241 is connected with the feed bin 3 through a feed pipe 31, a spiral feed rod is rotationally arranged in the feed pipe 31, one end of the spiral feed rod is fixedly connected with a shaft extension of a motor, and the spiral feed rod is driven to rotate by the motor, so that the material in the feed bin 3 uniformly enters the injection molding reaction cylinder 23;
the side wall of the feeding pipe 31 is also connected with a metal-based feeding pipe 32, and the metal-based feeding pipe 32 is respectively connected with a metal-based material pipe and a high-pressure gas delivery pipe, so that molten metal can be thoroughly discharged from the metal-based feeding pipe, the phenomenon that the metal in the feeding pipe is cooled and remained to influence subsequent feeding is avoided, and the frequent maintenance of the metal-based feeding pipe is avoided; after the modified ceramic material and the metal-based material enter the injection molding reaction cylinder;
the working method of the hybrid injection molding device comprises the following steps:
adding a modified ceramic material into a feeding bin 3, conveying the modified ceramic material in the feeding bin 3 into an injection molding reaction cylinder 23 through a spiral feeding rod in a feeding pipe 31, simultaneously inputting a metal-based material into a metal-based feeding pipe 32 through a metal-based pipe, and simultaneously inputting compressed nitrogen into the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 through an air compressor 25 to enable the metal-based material to be injected into the injection molding reaction cylinder 23;
after the modified ceramic material and the metal-based material enter the injection molding reaction cylinder 23, the mixed material is stirred by the stirring blade 52 at the bottom of the stirring rod 51, meanwhile, the stirring rod 51 is driven by the power motor to rotate clockwise, when the stirring rod 51 rotates clockwise, the mixed material in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is stirred by the stirring blade 52 at the bottom, meanwhile, the mixed material is conveyed from bottom to top by the spiral blade positioned at the lower part, and the mixed material moved to the upper part is returned to the lower part by the spiral blade positioned at the upper part, so that the materials are fully mixed in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23;
in the mixing process, the vacuum pumping device connected with the branch pipe 62 is used for vacuumizing the injection molding reaction cylinder 23, gas in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is pumped out in time to stabilize the air pressure in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23, and compressed nitrogen is injected into the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 through an air compressor 25 after the mixing is finished, so that the air pressure in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 is improved;
the height of the molding bin assembly is lowered by the position adjustment cylinder 21 so that the bottom of the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 engages the feed end of the mold, and the solenoid valve 28 is opened to allow the material in the injection molding reaction cylinder 23 to enter the mold.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The wear-resistant casting of the metal-based ceramic composite material is characterized by being prepared by processing the metal-based ceramic composite material;
the metal-based wear-resistant composite material is prepared by mixing a modified ceramic material and a metal-based material, wherein the volume ratio of the modified ceramic material is 20-80%;
the preparation method of the modified ceramic material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the ceramic particles into an ethanol water solution, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 5-20min, washing with the ethanol water solution after ultrasonic treatment is finished, and drying the cleaned ceramic particles for later use;
s2, adding the ceramic particles processed in the previous step into a coarsening liquid, soaking for 4-6min at the temperature of 20-25 ℃, washing the ceramic particles by using an ethanol water solution, drying the ceramic particles after washing, adding the dried ceramic particles into an activation liquid, and activating for 10-13min at the temperature of 45-50 ℃;
s3, preparing graphene oxide ethanol dispersion liquid with the concentration of 0.5-1.4g/L, adding the ceramic particles treated in the previous step into the graphene oxide ethanol dispersion liquid, filtering after ultrasonic mixing, roasting the solid phase mixture for 1-2.5 hours at the temperature of 550-650 ℃ in an inert gas atmosphere, naturally cooling to normal temperature, and grinding and dispersing to obtain the modified ceramic material.
2. The wear-resistant casting of the metal-based ceramic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal-based material is steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, zinc alloy, copper alloy or magnesium alloy, and the particle size of the metal-based material is 0.1-3 mm.
3. The wear-resistant casting made of the metal matrix ceramic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the modified ceramic material is prepared by modifying a ceramic material, the ceramic material is one or a mixture of at least two of alumina ceramic particles, silicon carbide ceramic particles and silicon nitride ceramic particles in any ratio, and the particle size of the ceramic particles is 0.1-3 mm.
4. The wear resistant casting of metal matrix ceramic composite of claim 1 wherein said activating solution is an aqueous solution of lead chloride hydrochloric acid having a lead chloride concentration of 0.125g/L and a hydrochloric acid concentration of 4% by volume.
5. The wear resistant casting of metal matrix ceramic composites of claim 1 wherein said aqueous ethanol solution has a concentration of 20% to 80% by volume.
6. The process of machining a wear resistant casting of a metal matrix ceramic composite as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
heating the modified ceramic material to 200-600 ℃, and transferring the heated modified ceramic material to a feeding bin (3) of a hybrid injection molding device in a heat preservation manner;
after heating and melting the metal-based material, inputting the metal-based material and the binder into a metal-based feeding pipe (32) through a metal-based material pipe, and uniformly mixing the modified ceramic material and the metal-based material through an injection molding reaction cylinder (23);
injecting the mixed materials into a mould through an injection molding reaction cylinder (23), forming the mixed materials in the mould, and then putting the formed precast block blank into an oven for baking and sintering to form a high-strength ceramic precast block;
fixing the prefabricated block at a preset position of a molding cavity, closing the box for pouring, and finally injecting melted high-temperature molten iron into the cavity to fully fuse the ceramic prefabricated block and the metal molten iron to form a ceramic wear-resistant layer which is integrated with ceramic and metal and has high hardness and can not fall off ceramic particles, thereby obtaining the ceramic wear-resistant casting.
7. The processing technology of the wear-resistant casting made of the metal matrix ceramic composite material is characterized in that the hybrid injection molding device comprises a supporting platform (1), a bottom mounting plate (2) fixedly connected with the supporting platform (1) through a smooth connecting rod (11), a driving assembly and an injection molding bin assembly are arranged on the bottom mounting plate (2), and the injection molding bin assembly is connected with a feeding bin (3);
the injection molding bin assembly comprises an injection molding reaction cylinder (23), the outer wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is in sliding connection with the bottom mounting plate (2), and two air compressors (25) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) through a fixed connecting sleeve (24);
the injection molding bin assembly further comprises a motor mounting table (4), the motor mounting table (4) is fixedly connected with an air compressor (25), a bearing seat (41) is arranged on the motor mounting table (4), a power motor (5) is fixedly mounted on the bearing seat (41), the shaft of the power motor (5) is fixedly connected with one end of a stirring rod (51), and the bearing seat (41) is rotatably sleeved on the stirring rod (51);
one end of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is provided with a mechanical sealing structure (29), the mechanical sealing structure (29) is sleeved on a stirring rod (51), one end of the part, located inside the injection molding reaction cylinder (23), of the stirring rod (51) is fixedly provided with a stirring blade (52), the side wall of the part, located inside the injection molding reaction cylinder (23), of the stirring rod (51) is provided with two spiral blades, the two spiral blades comprise an upper spiral blade which faces downwards anticlockwise and a lower spiral blade which faces downwards clockwise, a power motor drives the stirring rod (51) to rotate clockwise, and the width of the spiral blade which faces downwards anticlockwise is larger than that of the spiral blade which faces downwards clockwise;
the bottom of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (28), the inner wall of the upper side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is fixedly provided with a check piece (6), an air hole (61) is reserved between the check piece (6) and the inner side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23), a space formed between the check piece (6) and the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is connected with an air compressor (25) through a main pipe (63), the main pipe (63) is connected with a vacuumizing device through a branch pipe (62), the branch pipe (62) is provided with a valve, and the valve is arranged between one end of the main pipe (63) connected with the air compressor (25) and a connection point of the main pipe (63) and the branch pipe (62;
a feed inlet (241) is formed in one side of the fixed connecting sleeve (24), a hole penetrating through the side wall of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is formed in the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) corresponding to the feed inlet (241), the feed inlet (241) is connected with the feed bin (3) through a feed pipe (31), a spiral feed rod is rotatably arranged in the feed pipe (31), and one end of the spiral feed rod is fixedly connected with a shaft extension of a motor;
the lateral wall of inlet pipe (31) still is connected with metal base inlet pipe (32), and metal base inlet pipe (32) are connected with metal base material pipe and high-pressure gas-supply pipe respectively.
8. The processing technology of the wear-resistant casting made of the metal matrix ceramic composite material as claimed in claim 7, wherein a sliding rod sliding sleeve (26) and a cylinder connecting sleeve (27) are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the air compressor (25).
9. The machining process of the wear-resistant casting made of the metal matrix ceramic composite material is characterized in that the driving assembly comprises a limiting sliding rod (22) fixedly installed on the bottom installation plate (2) and a position adjusting cylinder (21), the sliding rod sliding sleeve (26) is in sliding sleeve connection with the limiting sliding rod (22), a cylinder shaft of the position adjusting cylinder (21) is fixedly connected with a cylinder connecting sleeve (27), and the injection molding bin assembly can be driven to move in the vertical direction through the position adjusting cylinder (21).
10. The process of claim 7, wherein the hybrid injection molding device is operated by:
adding the modified ceramic material into a feeding bin (3), conveying the modified ceramic material in the feeding bin (3) into an injection molding reaction cylinder (23) through a spiral feeding rod in a feeding pipe (31), simultaneously feeding a metal-based material into a metal-based feeding pipe (32) through a metal-based pipe, and simultaneously feeding compressed nitrogen into the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) through an air compressor (25) so that the metal-based material is injected into the injection molding reaction cylinder (23);
after the modified ceramic material and the metal-based material enter the injection molding reaction cylinder (23), the mixed material is stirred through a stirring blade (52) at the bottom of a stirring rod (51), the stirring rod (51) is driven by a power motor to rotate clockwise, when the stirring rod (51) rotates clockwise, the mixed material in the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is stirred through the stirring blade (52) at the bottom, meanwhile, a spiral blade positioned below conveys the mixed material from bottom to top, and a spiral blade positioned above returns the mixed material moved to the top to the bottom, so that the materials are fully mixed in the injection molding reaction cylinder (23);
in the mixing process, a vacuumizing device connected with a branch pipe (62) is used for vacuumizing the injection molding reaction cylinder (23), gas in the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is pumped out in time to stabilize the air pressure in the injection molding reaction cylinder (23), compressed nitrogen is injected into the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) through an air compressor (25) after the mixing is finished, and the air pressure in the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is improved;
the height of the injection molding bin assembly is lowered by the position adjusting cylinder (21), the bottom of the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) is engaged with the feeding end of the mold, and the electromagnetic valve (28) is opened to allow the material in the injection molding reaction cylinder (23) to enter the mold.
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| CN112501521A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 西安市康铖机械制造有限公司 | Processing method of ultrahigh-strength aviation structural steel |
| CN115255403A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-01 | 江苏百航超声科技有限公司 | Instant preparation facilities of mixed modified material |
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