CN111736377A - Liquid crystal layer, preparation method thereof and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal layer, preparation method thereof and liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111736377A CN111736377A CN202010552613.1A CN202010552613A CN111736377A CN 111736377 A CN111736377 A CN 111736377A CN 202010552613 A CN202010552613 A CN 202010552613A CN 111736377 A CN111736377 A CN 111736377A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
- C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/60—Pleochroic dyes
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a liquid crystal layer, a preparation method thereof and a liquid crystal display device, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises: nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules, wherein the ordinary light refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal is matched with the refractive index of the high molecular polymer. The liquid crystal layer, the preparation method thereof and the liquid crystal display device can improve the contrast.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a liquid crystal layer, a preparation method thereof and a liquid crystal display device.
Background
With the development of display technologies, various emerging technologies are continuously emerging and various new display application scenarios are enriched. Among them, the transparent display is widely used in the fields of goods display cabinets, electronic bulletin boards, head-up displays, and the like.
However, at present, a common Polymer network stabilized liquid crystal (PNLC) is composed of a high molecular monomer, a liquid crystal, a photoinitiator, and the like, and a high molecular network structure is formed by ultraviolet irradiation to complete a phase separation process of a high molecular and a liquid crystal.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a liquid crystal layer, a preparation method thereof and a liquid crystal display device, which can improve the contrast.
The embodiment of the present application provides a liquid crystal layer, it includes:
nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules, wherein the ordinary light refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal is matched with the refractive index of the high molecular polymer.
In the liquid crystal layer of the present invention, the content range of the dichroic dye molecules is 0.5% to 1.5%, and the content range of the high molecular polymer is 10% to 30%.
In the liquid crystal layer of the present invention, the difference in refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 0.05.
In the liquid crystal layer of the present invention, a difference between an ordinary refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal and a refractive index of the high molecular polymer is within a predetermined range.
In the liquid crystal layer of the present invention, the high molecular polymer includes one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and poly (4-vinylphenol).
The embodiment of the present application further provides a liquid crystal display device, which includes: any of the above liquid crystal layers.
In the liquid crystal display device of the invention, the liquid crystal display device comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and the first substrate and the second substrate form a liquid crystal box in a box-to-box mode; the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode is arranged on one side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second electrode is arranged on one side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate.
In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a first alignment layer is disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, and a second alignment layer is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal layer, which includes:
mixing nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules at a first temperature to obtain a mixture; the first temperature is greater than 120 degrees;
heating a liquid crystal box to the first temperature, and pouring the mixture into the liquid crystal box;
and cooling the liquid crystal box to precipitate the high molecular polymer in the mixture.
In the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal layer, the content range of the dichroic dye molecules is 0.5-1.5%, and the content range of the high molecular polymer is 10-30%.
The liquid crystal layer, the preparation method thereof and the liquid crystal display device comprise nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules, wherein the ordinary light refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal is matched with the refractive index of the high molecular polymer; the dichroism dye is doped into the mixture of nematic liquid crystal and high molecular polymer by utilizing the polarization selective absorption characteristic of the dichroism dye to light, so that the arrangement direction of the dichroism dye is adjusted under the action of voltage, and the absorption rate of incident light is further changed, thereby improving the contrast.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when a voltage is applied.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when no voltage is applied.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure when no voltage is applied.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact of the first and second features, or may comprise contact of the first and second features not directly but through another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, specific example components and arrangements are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Moreover, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or use of other materials.
The liquid crystal layer of an embodiment of the invention comprises nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules.
Nematic liquid crystals (nematic liquid crystals) are composed of rod-like molecules having a large aspect ratio. The nematic liquid crystal serves to restrict the optical axis orientation of the dichroic dye molecules.
The dichroic dye molecules may include a basf X12 dye, but the dichroic dye molecules are not limited thereto. In one embodiment, in order to improve the transmittance, the dichroic dye molecules are contained in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 1.5%, the high molecular polymer is contained in an amount ranging from 10% to 30%, and the remaining amount is nematic liquid crystal. The dichroic dye molecules are used to absorb the polarized light or polarized light components having a polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the dichroic dye molecules. A special dye in which the dichroic dye is polarization selective for light absorption. When the polarization direction of incident light coincides with the long axis of the dye molecules, the dye molecules exhibit color due to having a large absorption coefficient. When the polarization direction of the incident light is perpendicular to the long axis of the dye molecules, the dye molecules are in a transparent state due to the small absorption coefficient of the dye molecules.
The refractive index of the high molecular polymer is matched with the ordinary refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal, and in one embodiment, in order to improve the scattering effect, the difference between the refractive index of the high molecular polymer and the ordinary refractive index no of the nematic liquid crystal is within a preset range. The predetermined range is, for example, 0 to 0.1, preferably 0 to 0.05, that is, the refractive index of the high molecular polymer is close to the ordinary refractive index no of the nematic liquid crystal. Wherein the high molecular polymer comprises one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate and poly (4-vinylphenol). In one embodiment, the high molecular weight polymer is preferably an acrylate compound.
In one embodiment, in order to further improve the contrast ratio, the difference in refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 0.05.
The dichroic dye is doped into the mixture of nematic liquid crystal and high molecular polymer by utilizing the polarization selective absorption characteristic of the dichroic dye to light, so that the arrangement direction of the dichroic dye is adjusted under the action of voltage, and the absorption rate of incident light is further changed, thereby improving the contrast ratio of the display device.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal layer, including:
s101, mixing nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules at a first temperature to obtain a mixture;
s102, heating a liquid crystal box to the first temperature, and pouring the mixture into the liquid crystal box;
s103, cooling the liquid crystal box to precipitate high molecular polymers in the mixture.
Wherein the first temperature is greater than 120 ℃; taking the first temperature as 130 degrees, for example, nematic liquid crystal, polymerized high molecular polymer, and dichroic dye molecules are completely mixed at a high temperature (130 degrees), then the liquid crystal cell is heated to 130 degrees, and the completely mixed mixture is poured into the liquid crystal cell. And slowly cooling the liquid crystal box after crystal filling so as to separate out high molecular polymers, complete phase separation and realize a scattering effect. The liquid crystal cell is formed by a pair of first and second substrates in the liquid crystal display device.
The method has the advantages that a macromolecular network-like structure is formed by utilizing a macromolecular network liquid crystal (PNLC) mixture doped with the dichroic dye through a thermal separation method, a chemical reaction is not needed in the phase separation process, damage to dye molecules in the common UV illumination process is avoided, the stability of the dichroic dye is improved, the problem that the common PNLC display is not dark enough in dark state is solved, and the contrast of the display device is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, the liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 20 disposed opposite to each other, and the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 form a liquid crystal cell with respect to a cell.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a liquid crystal display device, which includes a liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer, and dichroic dye molecules.
Nematic liquid crystals (nematic liquid crystals) are composed of rod-like molecules having a large aspect ratio. The nematic liquid crystal serves to restrict the optical axis orientation of the dichroic dye molecules.
The dichroic dye molecules may include a basf X12 dye, but the dichroic dye molecules are not limited thereto. In one embodiment, in order to improve the transmittance, the dichroic dye molecules are contained in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 1.5%, the high molecular polymer is contained in an amount ranging from 10% to 30%, and the remaining amount is nematic liquid crystal. The dichroic dye molecules are used to absorb the polarized light or polarized light components having a polarization direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the dichroic dye molecules. A special dye in which the dichroic dye is polarization selective for light absorption. When the polarization direction of incident light coincides with the long axis of the dye molecules, the dye molecules exhibit color due to having a large absorption coefficient. When the polarization direction of the incident light is perpendicular to the long axis of the dye molecules, the dye molecules are in a transparent state due to the small absorption coefficient of the dye molecules.
Wherein the high molecular polymer comprises one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate and poly (4-vinylphenol). In one embodiment, the high molecular weight polymer is preferably an acrylate compound. In one embodiment, in order to improve the scattering effect, the difference between the refractive index of the high molecular polymer and the ordinary refractive index no of the nematic liquid crystal is within a predetermined range. The predetermined range is, for example, 0 to 0.1, that is, the refractive index of the high molecular polymer is close to the ordinary refractive index no of the nematic liquid crystal.
In one embodiment, in order to further improve the transmittance, the difference in refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 0.05.
As shown in fig. 1, the liquid crystal display device may further include a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 20 disposed opposite to each other, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 forming a liquid crystal cell with respect to a box; the liquid crystal layer 30 is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, a first electrode 11 is disposed on one side of the first substrate 10 close to the liquid crystal layer 30, and a second electrode 21 is disposed on one side of the second substrate 20 close to the liquid crystal layer 30.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a first alignment layer 12 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 10 close to the liquid crystal layer 30, a second alignment layer 22 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 20 close to the liquid crystal layer 30, and the first alignment layer 12 and the second alignment layer 22 may be made of polyimide.
The dichroic dye 32 is incorporated into a PNLC (polymer network stable liquid crystal) mixture by taking advantage of the polarization selective absorption properties of the dichroic dye 32 for light. The high molecular polymer 33 and the dichroic dye 32 are dissolved in the PNLC mixture at a high temperature, and the separation of the high molecular polymer 33 and the liquid crystal 31 is realized by cooling.
The PNLC mixture is a liquid crystal polymer composite. The high molecular polymer 33 is distributed in the liquid crystal 31 in a network texture, and the liquid crystal 31 exists in a continuous phase form. When the refractive index of the liquid crystal 31 and the polymer 33 are mismatched, strong scattering occurs and an opaque state appears. And the two refractive indices match to present a transparent state. Therefore, the transmittance can be controlled by applying an electric field to the PNLC, and such a PNLC is widely used in the field of smart windows and the like.
In a specific use process, as shown in fig. 1, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device, since the alignment direction of the dichroic dye 32 is changed with the rotation direction of the liquid crystal, when the liquid crystal is vertically aligned, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal 31 is matched with the refractive index of the high molecular polymer 33, and a transparent state is exhibited under the electric field of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21. As shown in fig. 2, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal 31 and the dichroic dye 32 is randomly distributed, and when the liquid crystal is randomly arranged, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal is no longer the same as the refractive index of the high polymer 33, that is, the refractive index mismatch between the liquid crystal 31 and the high polymer 33 causes strong scattering, and the randomly arranged dichroic dye can absorb incident light in various polarization directions, so that the problem that the dark state of the common PNLC display is not dark enough can be solved, and the contrast of the PNLC transparent display can be increased. Wherein the liquid crystal is a substance having birefringence properties. There are two parameters, the ordinary index of refraction no and the extraordinary index of refraction ne. The effective refractive index actually exhibited is related to the tilt angle, no, ne value of the liquid crystal. When the liquid crystal is vertically aligned, the effective refractive index is represented as no. At this time, the effective refractive index no of the liquid crystal is close to the refractive index of the high molecular polymer, so that the liquid crystal is substantially free from scattering and exhibits a transparent state. When the liquid crystals are randomly aligned, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystals is no longer the same as that of the polymer network, and scattering occurs.
The liquid crystal display device can be electronic paper, and can also be applied to portable consumer electronics, shop windows in public places, public information bulletin boards, windows of buildings and vehicles, and the like.
As can be seen from the above analysis, the contrast of the display area of the display device was 200 by detecting the brightness using the color analyzer. The contrast between the display substrate and the display graph is more obvious when the display substrate is displayed in a bright state, and the display effect can be better improved when the display substrate is particularly applied to electronic paper needing white-background black-character display.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The liquid crystal layer, the preparation method thereof and the liquid crystal display device comprise nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules, wherein the ordinary light refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal is matched with the refractive index of the high molecular polymer; the dichroism dye is doped into the mixture of nematic liquid crystal and high molecular polymer by utilizing the polarization selective absorption characteristic of the dichroism dye to light, so that the arrangement direction of the dichroism dye is adjusted under the action of voltage, and the absorption rate of incident light is further changed, thereby improving the contrast.
The liquid crystal layer, the method for manufacturing the same, and the liquid crystal display device provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present application are explained in detail herein by using specific examples, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understanding the present application. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid crystal layer, comprising: nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules, wherein the ordinary light refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal is matched with the refractive index of the high molecular polymer.
2. The liquid crystal layer of claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye molecules are present in a range of 0.5% to 1.5%, and the high molecular weight polymer is present in a range of 10% to 30%.
3. The liquid crystal layer of claim 1, wherein the difference in refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to 0.05.
4. The liquid crystal layer of claim 1, wherein a difference between a refractive index of an ordinary light of the nematic liquid crystal and a refractive index of the high molecular polymer is within a predetermined range.
5. The liquid crystal layer of claim 1, wherein the high molecular weight polymer comprises one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and poly (4-vinylphenol).
6. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: a liquid crystal layer according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal display device comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and the first substrate and the second substrate form a liquid crystal box in a box-to-box manner; the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode is arranged on one side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate, and a second electrode is arranged on one side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate.
8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein a side of the first substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer is provided with a first alignment layer, and a side of the second substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer is provided with a second alignment layer.
9. A method for fabricating a liquid crystal layer, comprising:
mixing nematic liquid crystal, high molecular polymer and dichroic dye molecules at a first temperature to obtain a mixture; the first temperature is greater than 120 degrees;
heating the liquid crystal box to the first temperature, and pouring the mixture into the liquid crystal box;
and cooling the liquid crystal box to precipitate the high molecular polymer in the mixture.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the dichroic dye molecules are present in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 1.5%, and the high molecular weight polymer is present in an amount ranging from 10% to 30%.
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