CN111727800A - Dwarfing and close planting method for plateau mountain apocarya - Google Patents
Dwarfing and close planting method for plateau mountain apocarya Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000009025 Carya illinoensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 241001453450 Carya illinoinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000068645 Carya illinoensis Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001481710 Cerambycidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000219843 Pisum Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000723418 Carya Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000758791 Juglandaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dwarfing and close planting method of plateau mountain apocarya, which comprises the following steps: selecting a mountain land with the slope of 10-20 degrees and the slope direction of east slope, west slope or south slope for building a garden; selecting grafted seedlings and controlling planting density: grafting seedlings to afforest by using a thin-shell pecan fine variety container, wherein the seedling age of the grafted seedlings is more than 2 years, and the row spacing of the plants is 3m multiplied by 5 m; fertilizing: in autumn, ditching and applying organic fertilizer in radial soil, and in spring, applying compound fertilizer; management: selecting 5-8 lateral branches on the main trunk in the second year after the grafted seedling is planted, and culturing the multi-main-branch open-core tree type through comprehensive measures of branch pulling and branch twisting; starting in 4 th year, applying paclobutrazol in 4-5 months; supplementing soil to a tree body with the average young sprout length of more than or equal to 30cm in the next year, applying paclobutrazol, applying urea, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer in the soil in 2-3 months, 6 months and radially ditching in ten days after 10 months; trimming: the tree body is retracted and repaired every 1 to 3 months; interplanting: interplanting is carried out in the plantation. The dwarfing close planting of the plateau mountain thin-shelled mountains is realized, and the yield is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mountain apocarya dense planting, in particular to a highland mountain apocarya dwarfing and dense planting method.
Background
The pecan (Carya illinoensis K.Koch), namely the pecan and the American pecan, have native America and Mexico, belong to the high deciduous tree species of the hickory of the Juglandaceae, the nut shell is thin, smooth and beautiful, is a world famous oil dry fruit tree species, and has large market potential of nuts and products thereof, high economic benefit of cultivation and good prospect of popularization and development. The carya illinoensis grows vigorously, the height of a tree body is large, 10-year-old forests cultivated traditionally have the average tree height of 12.4m, the initial planting density is small and is generally 8-10 plants/mu, the early-stage quantity is low, the 10-year-old forests produce less than 320 kg/mu of dry fruits cumulatively, the canopy density of the forests is up to more than 90% after 15 years, ventilation and light transmission in the forests are poor, branches in inner chambers are dry and withered, fruiting parts move to the outer part and the upper part of a crown and are 5m away from the ground, fruit harvesting is difficult, diseases and pests are more, and the yield is obviously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for dwarfing and closely planting plateau mountain apocarya, which realizes early high yield of the plateau mountain apocarya.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dwarfing and dense planting method of plateau mountain carya illinoensis comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plantation: selecting a mountain land with the slope of 10-20 degrees and the slope direction of east slope, west slope or south slope for building a garden;
(2) selecting grafted seedlings and controlling planting density: grafting seedlings by using a thin-shell pecan fine variety container for afforestation, wherein the seedling age of the grafted seedlings is more than 2 years, and the specification of the seedlings is as follows: the ground diameter is more than or equal to 2cm, the height is more than or equal to 1.2m, and the row spacing of the planted plants is 3m multiplied by 5 m;
(3) fertilizing: in autumn, 10-30kg of organic fertilizer is applied in a furrow way by radial soil, and 2kg of compound fertilizer is applied in spring;
(4) management: selecting and reserving 5-8 lateral branches within the range of 100-plus-one-cm away from the ground on the main trunk in the second year after the grafted seedlings are planted, and culturing the multi-main-branch open-heart tree type through comprehensive measures of branch pulling and branch twisting; starting from the 4 th year, when the tree height is 2.5-3m and the crown diameter is more than 1.5m, 50 g/plant of paclobutrazol is applied in 4-5 months; for trees with the average young sprout length of more than or equal to 30cm in the next year, supplementing soil and applying 20 g/plant of paclobutrazol, applying 500 g/plant of urea, 3 kg/plant of compound fertilizer and 30-50 kg/plant of organic fertilizer in the soil of 2-3 months, 6 months and radially ditching in ten days of 10 months;
(5) trimming: the tree body is retracted and trimmed 1-3 months per year, the height of the tree is kept less than 3m, and the horizontal diameter of the crown is kept less than 3 m;
(6) interplanting: interplanting is carried out in the plantation; corn is interplanted in summer and autumn, and peas or green manure-sweet potatoes are interplanted in winter and spring.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (1), the soil of the plantation is sandy loam or soil containing lime, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the soil is deep, loose and fertile, and the drainage in the plantation is good.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (1), the seedling is grafted to a large seedling by selecting a container with more than 2 years of excellent variety of carya illinoensis, and the seedling has no plant diseases and insect pests and good growth vigor.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; and (4) carrying out regular watering and pruning in the step (4).
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the steps (3) and (4), the compound fertilizer is one or a mixture of N15, P15 and K15.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high plateau mountain pecan fine variety container grafting seedling afforestation, the afforestation survival rate is high, and the seedling revival period is short.
2. Corn is interplanted in summer and autumn and pea or green manure-sweet potato is interplanted in winter and spring in the carya illinoensis forest, biological diversity in the forest is increased, pests such as aphids and longicorn are continuously controlled, and soil organic matters can be increased by the straws.
3. The dwarfing and close planting of apocarya increases the number of plants per mu, obviously improves the yield per mu in the early stage, and simultaneously obviously reduces the cost of tree body pruning and fruit harvesting.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a dwarfing and dense planting method of plateau mountain carya illinoensis comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plantation: selecting a mountain land with the slope of 10-20 degrees and the slope direction of east slope, west slope or south slope for building a garden;
(2) selecting grafted seedlings and controlling planting density: grafting seedlings by using a thin-shell pecan fine variety container for afforestation, wherein the seedling age of the grafted seedlings is more than 2 years, and the specification of the seedlings is as follows: the ground diameter is more than or equal to 2cm, the height is more than or equal to 1.2m, and the row spacing of the planted plants is 3m multiplied by 5 m;
(3) fertilizing: applying 30kg of organic fertilizer per plant in furrows in radial soil in autumn and 2kg of compound fertilizer per plant in spring;
(4) management: selecting and reserving 8 lateral branches within a range of 120cm away from the ground on a main trunk in the second year after the grafted seedlings are planted, and culturing the multi-main-branch open-core tree type through comprehensive measures of branch pulling and branch twisting; beginning in the 4 th year, when the tree height is 3m and the crown diameter is more than 1.5m, 50 g/plant of paclobutrazol is applied in 4-5 months; for trees with the average young sprout length of more than or equal to 30cm in the next year, supplementing soil and applying 20 g/plant of paclobutrazol, applying 500 g/plant of urea, 3 kg/plant of compound fertilizer and 50 kg/plant of organic fertilizer in the soil of 2-3 months, 6 months and radially ditching in ten days of 10 months;
(5) trimming: the tree body is retracted and trimmed 1-3 months per year, the height of the tree is kept less than 3m, and the horizontal diameter of the crown is kept less than 3 m;
(6) interplanting: interplanting is carried out in the plantation; corn is interplanted in summer and autumn, and peas or sweet potatoes, green manure, are interplanted in winter and spring; the pecan has high seed value, the nut shell is thin, smooth and attractive, the kernel is easy to take, the kernel is large, the kernel yield is higher than 50%, the kernel fragrance is slightly sweet, the taste is good, the nut is rich in nutrition, the oil content is high, the fat content is high, the selection of a plantation is convenient for better growth of a grafted seedling, the mountainous regions of an east slope, a west slope or a south slope have abundant sunlight for building the garden, the plant row spacing and the seedling age of the grafted seedling are selected, the plant row spacing is 3m multiplied by 5m, 45 plants are planted per mu, the seedling age of the grafted seedling is more than 2 years, the success rate of grafting is improved, the dwarfing and close planting of the pecan are convenient to realize, the grafted seedling of the pecan is beneficial to growth through fertilization, the nutrition required by the growth of the grafted seedling is met, the management is carried out after grafting, lateral branches are selected, paclobutrazol is applied to soil, the continuous fertilization and the like, and the grafted seedling is good in growth; interplanting the corn in summer and autumn and the small pea or green manure-sweet potato in winter and spring increases the biological diversity in the forest, continuously controls pests such as aphids, longicorn and the like, and simultaneously the straw can also increase soil organic matters; the dwarf and dense planting of the carya illinoensis is facilitated, the quantity of planted plateau mountain carya illinoensis trees is increased through the dwarf and dense planting of the carya illinoensis, and the yield of the plateau mountain carya illinoensis is improved.
Example 2:
on the basis of the embodiment 1, the dwarfing and close planting method of the plateau mountain carya illinoensis comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plantation: selecting a mountain land with the slope of 10-20 degrees and the slope direction of east slope, west slope or south slope for building a garden;
(2) selecting grafted seedlings and controlling planting density: grafting seedlings by using a thin-shell pecan fine variety container for afforestation, wherein the seedling age of the grafted seedlings is more than 2 years, and the specification of the seedlings is as follows: the ground diameter is more than or equal to 2cm, the height is more than or equal to 1.2m, and the row spacing of the planted plants is 3m multiplied by 5 m;
(3) fertilizing: ditching 10kg of organic fertilizer per plant in radial soil in autumn, and applying 2kg of compound fertilizer per plant in spring;
(4) management: selecting 5 lateral branches within a range of 100cm away from the ground on the main trunk in the second year after the grafted seedlings are planted, and culturing the multi-main-branch open-core tree type through comprehensive measures of branch pulling and branch twisting; starting from the 4 th year, when the tree height is 2.5m and the crown diameter is more than 1.5m, 50 g/plant of paclobutrazol is applied in 4-5 months; for trees with the average young sprout length of more than or equal to 30cm in the next year, supplementing soil and applying 20 g/plant of paclobutrazol, applying 500 g/plant of urea, 3 kg/plant of compound fertilizer and 30 kg/plant of organic fertilizer in the soil of 2-3 months, 6 months and radially ditching 10 th ten days;
(5) trimming: the tree body is retracted and trimmed 1-3 months per year, the height of the tree is kept less than 3m, and the horizontal diameter of the crown is kept less than 3 m;
(6) interplanting: interplanting is carried out in the plantation; corn is interplanted in summer and autumn, and peas or sweet potatoes, green manure, are interplanted in winter and spring; the pecan has high seed value, the nut shell is thin, smooth and attractive, the kernel is easy to take, the kernel is large, the kernel yield is higher than 50%, the kernel fragrance is slightly sweet, the taste is good, the nut is rich in nutrition, the oil content is high, the fat content is high, the selection of a plantation is convenient for better growth of a grafted seedling, the mountainous regions of an east slope, a west slope or a south slope have abundant sunlight for building the garden, the plant row spacing and the seedling age of the grafted seedling are selected, the plant row spacing is 3m multiplied by 5m, 45 plants are planted per mu, the seedling age of the grafted seedling is more than 2 years, the success rate of grafting is improved, the dwarfing and close planting of the pecan are convenient to realize, the grafted seedling of the pecan is beneficial to growth through fertilization, the nutrition required by the growth of the grafted seedling is met, the management is carried out after grafting, lateral branches are selected, paclobutrazol is applied to soil, the continuous fertilization and the like, and the grafted seedling is good in growth; interplanting the corn in summer and autumn and the small pea or green manure-sweet potato in winter and spring increases the biological diversity in the forest, continuously controls pests such as aphids, longicorn and the like, and simultaneously the straw can also increase soil organic matters; the dwarf and dense planting of the carya illinoensis is facilitated, the quantity of planted plateau mountain carya illinoensis trees is increased through the dwarf and dense planting of the carya illinoensis, and the yield of the plateau mountain carya illinoensis is improved.
Example 3:
on the basis of the embodiment 1-2, the method for dwarf close planting of plateau mountain apocarya comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a plantation: selecting a mountain land with the slope of 10-20 degrees and the slope direction of east slope, west slope or south slope for building a garden;
(2) selecting grafted seedlings and controlling planting density: grafting seedlings by using a thin-shell pecan fine variety container for afforestation, wherein the seedling age of the grafted seedlings is more than 2 years, and the specification of the seedlings is as follows: the ground diameter is more than or equal to 2cm, the height is more than or equal to 1.2m, and the row spacing of the planted plants is 3m multiplied by 5 m;
(3) fertilizing: in autumn, ditching and applying 20kg of organic fertilizer per plant in radial soil, and in spring, applying 2kg of compound fertilizer per plant;
(4) management: selecting and reserving 6 lateral branches within a distance of 110cm from the ground on a main trunk in the second year after the grafted seedlings are planted, and culturing the multi-main-branch open-core tree type through comprehensive measures of branch pulling and branch twisting; starting from the 4 th year, when the tree height is 2.7m and the crown diameter is more than 1.5m, 50 g/plant of paclobutrazol is applied in 4-5 months; for trees with the average young sprout length of more than or equal to 30cm in the next year, supplementing soil and applying 20 g/plant of paclobutrazol, applying 500 g/plant of urea, 3 kg/plant of compound fertilizer and 40 kg/plant of organic fertilizer in soil in 2-3 months, 6 months and radially ditching in ten days of 10 months;
(5) trimming: the tree body is retracted and trimmed 1-3 months per year, the height of the tree is kept less than 3m, and the horizontal diameter of the crown is kept less than 3 m;
(6) interplanting: interplanting is carried out in the plantation; corn is interplanted in summer and autumn, and peas or sweet potatoes, green manure, are interplanted in winter and spring; the pecan has high seed value, the nut shell is thin, smooth and attractive, the kernel is easy to take, the kernel is large, the kernel yield is higher than 50%, the kernel fragrance is slightly sweet, the taste is good, the nut is rich in nutrition, the oil content is high, the fat content is high, the selection of a plantation is convenient for better growth of a grafted seedling, the mountainous regions of an east slope, a west slope or a south slope have abundant sunlight for building the garden, the plant row spacing and the seedling age of the grafted seedling are selected, the plant row spacing is 3m multiplied by 5m, 45 plants are planted per mu, the seedling age of the grafted seedling is more than 2 years, the success rate of grafting is improved, the dwarfing and close planting of the pecan are convenient to realize, the grafted seedling of the pecan is beneficial to growth through fertilization, the nutrition required by the growth of the grafted seedling is met, the management is carried out after grafting, lateral branches are selected, paclobutrazol is applied to soil, the continuous fertilization and the like, and the grafted seedling is good in growth; interplanting the corn in summer and autumn and the small pea or green manure-sweet potato in winter and spring increases the biological diversity in the forest, continuously controls pests such as aphids, longicorn and the like, and simultaneously the straw can also increase soil organic matters; the dwarf and dense planting of the carya illinoensis is facilitated, the quantity of planted plateau mountain carya illinoensis trees is increased through the dwarf and dense planting of the carya illinoensis, and the yield of the plateau mountain carya illinoensis is improved.
Example 4:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 3, in the step (1), the soil of the plantation is sandy loam or soil containing lime, the pH value is 6.5, the soil is deep, loose and fertile, and the drainage in the plantation is good; soil of the plantation facilitates planting of the grafted seedlings of the carya illinoensis, water drainage is good, accumulated water is reduced, and afforestation of the grafted seedlings of the high-quality container of the carya illinoensis in the plateau mountainous regions is facilitated.
Example 5:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 4, in the step (1), the soil of the plantation is sandy loam or soil containing lime, the pH value is 7.5, the soil is deep, loose and fertile, and the drainage in the plantation is good; soil of the plantation facilitates planting of the grafted seedlings of the carya illinoensis, water drainage is good, accumulated water is reduced, and afforestation of the grafted seedlings of the high-quality container of the carya illinoensis in the plateau mountainous regions is facilitated.
Example 6:
on the basis of the examples 1-5, in the step (1), the soil of the plantation is sandy loam or soil containing lime, the pH is 7, the soil is deep, loose and fertile, and the drainage in the plantation is good; soil of the plantation facilitates planting of the grafted seedlings of the carya illinoensis, water drainage is good, accumulated water is reduced, and afforestation of the grafted seedlings of the high-quality container of the carya illinoensis in the plateau mountainous regions is facilitated.
Example 7:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-6, in the step (1), the seedlings are grafted with big seedlings in a container more than 2 years of the excellent variety of the carya illinoensis, and the seedlings have no plant diseases and insect pests and good growth vigor; is beneficial to the growth of grafted seedlings.
Example 8:
on the basis of examples 1-7, regular watering and pruning were carried out in step (4); the requirement of the grafted seedlings on water is met, and the grafted seedlings are convenient to grow by regular pruning.
Example 9:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 8, the compound fertilizers in the steps (3) and (4) are one or a mixture of N15, P15 and K15; one or a mixture of N15, P15 and K15 provides nutrients for the growth of grafted seedlings.
The dwarfing and dense planting high-yield technology is characterized in that 45 plants are planted per mu, the average height of 10-year-old forests is 4.6 meters, the height of the trees is only 37 percent higher than that of the trees in the same age of the traditional cultivation, the canopy density of the forests is 78 percent, the trees are 14 percent lower than that of the trees in the same age of the traditional cultivation, the dry fruit yield is increased by 1286 kg/mu in an accumulated mode, the yield is increased by 3.83 times compared with that of the traditional cultivation, and the.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A dwarfing close planting method of plateau mountain pecans is characterized by comprising the following steps: the planting method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a plantation: selecting a mountain land with the slope of 10-20 degrees and the slope direction of east slope, west slope or south slope for building a garden; (2) selecting grafted seedlings and controlling planting density: grafting seedlings by using a thin-shell pecan fine variety container for afforestation, wherein the seedling age of the grafted seedlings is more than 2 years, and the specification of the seedlings is as follows: the ground diameter is more than or equal to 2cm, the height is more than or equal to 1.2m, and the row spacing of the planted plants is 3m multiplied by 5 m; fertilizing: in autumn, 10-30kg of organic fertilizer is applied in a furrow way by radial soil, and 2kg of compound fertilizer is applied in spring;
(4) management: selecting and reserving 5-8 lateral branches within the range of 100-plus-one-cm away from the ground on the main trunk in the second year after the grafted seedlings are planted, and culturing the multi-main-branch open-heart tree type through comprehensive measures of branch pulling and branch twisting; starting from the 4 th year, when the tree height is 2.5-3m and the crown diameter is more than 1.5m, 50 g/plant of paclobutrazol is applied in 4-5 months; for trees with the average young sprout length of more than or equal to 30cm in the next year, supplementing soil and applying 20 g/plant of paclobutrazol, applying 500 g/plant of urea, 3 kg/plant of compound fertilizer and 30-50 kg/plant of organic fertilizer in the soil of 2-3 months, 6 months and radially ditching in ten days of 10 months;
(5) trimming: the tree body is retracted and trimmed 1-3 months per year, the height of the tree is kept less than 3m, and the horizontal diameter of the crown is kept less than 3 m;
(6) interplanting: interplanting is carried out in the plantation; corn is interplanted in summer and autumn, and peas or green manure-sweet potatoes are interplanted in winter and spring.
2. The dwarfing close planting method of plateau mountain carya illinoensis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the soil of the plantation is sandy loam or soil containing lime, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the soil is deep, loose and fertile, and the drainage in the plantation is good.
3. The dwarfing close planting method of plateau mountain carya illinoensis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the seedling is grafted to a large seedling by selecting a container with more than 2 years of excellent variety of carya illinoensis, and the seedling has no plant diseases and insect pests and good growth vigor.
4. The dwarfing close planting method of plateau mountain carya illinoensis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) carrying out regular watering and pruning in the step (4).
5. The dwarfing close planting method of plateau mountain carya illinoensis as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the steps (3) and (4), the compound fertilizer is one or a mixture of N15, P15 and K15.
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| CN114128554A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 全椒县绿兴园生态农业发展有限公司 | Rapid high-yield technology of apocarya |
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