CN111727787A - A chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine and membrane breaking method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine and a film breaking method. The chain dragging garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine comprises a frame equipped with a walking device and a film breaking mechanism installed on the frame. The membrane mechanism is located behind the frame, and the membrane-breaking mechanism includes a membrane-breaking frame fixed to the frame, a rolling shaft rotatably connected to the membrane-breaking frame, and a membrane-breaking driving device that drives the rolling shaft to rotate, and the rolling shaft is wound on There is a flexible net, and the hanging end of the flexible net is wrapped with a membrane-breaking chain. The invention uses chain dragging instead of manual membrane rupture, improves the efficiency of garlic seedling membrane rupture, and the membrane rupture is stable and reliable; the membrane rupture frame adopts the connection structure of rod and plate, which is beneficial to reduce the total weight of the equipment; The setting of the sleeve realizes the position adjustment and fixation of the fixed seat, thereby realizing the adjustment of the wheel width spacing, so that the machine can work in the work site with different standard spacing, and the versatility is improved.

Description

A chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine and membrane breaking method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine and a membrane breaking method.

Background technique

Garlic is nutritious, has a wide range of uses, and has medical effects such as bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and anti-cancer. Therefore, garlic has received high attention at home and abroad, and the demand for garlic has increased year by year. my country has more people and less land, and garlic is planted in a small-scale and intensive mode of cultivation. With the continuous development of modern agriculture in my country and the continuous transformation of agricultural production methods, garlic planting and harvesting machinery has been continuously developed and innovated. However, for garlic The work in the period of membrane rupture of seedlings is still at the stage of manual membrane rupture in China, with low degree of mechanization and high labor intensity; the key technical problems restricting the development of garlic seedling membrane rupture mainly include: garlic seedling rupture The soil in the film period is relatively soft, and the flexibility of traditional machines is relatively low, which cannot be adapted to the work of breaking the film. The techniques of garlic planting in different regions are different, the distance between each two garlic is different, and the equipment is not versatile.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine with light weight, flexible work and adjustable wheel base.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and provides a chain-drag type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine, comprising a frame installed with a walking device and a membrane breaking mechanism installed on the frame, the membrane breaking mechanism is located in the frame At the rear, the membrane-breaking mechanism includes a membrane-breaking frame fixed to the frame, a rolling shaft rotatably connected to the membrane-breaking frame, and a membrane-breaking driving device that drives the rolling shaft to rotate. The hanging end of the net is wrapped with a membrane-breaking chain.

This scheme drives the whole machine to walk through the walking device, and drives the rolling shaft to rotate through the membrane-breaking driving device, so as to realize the retractable and unwinding of the flexible net, thereby driving the membrane-breaking chain to move up and down. When the membrane-breaking chain falls on the garlic film, the walking device drives the whole machine. The machine travels, thereby driving the membrane-breaking chain to advance on the garlic film to realize the membrane-breaking operation; by setting the flexible net, the weight of the machine is reduced, the flexibility is improved, and it is suitable for use in soft soil. The flexible net is used to wrap the membrane-breaking chain. Avoid direct contact of the chain with the film.

As an optimization, a membrane breaking mechanism is also installed in front of the frame. In this optimized solution, a membrane breaking mechanism is also set in front of the frame, and the equipment does not need to be turned 180 degrees when changing rows, which further improves the flexibility of use.

As an optimization, the membrane-breaking frame includes an upper fixing rod and a lower fixing rod whose two ends are fixedly connected by a fixing plate, and a fixing frame whose one end is fixedly connected to the upper fixing rod and the lower fixing rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the frame. The shaft is rotatably connected with the fixed plates at both ends. The membrane-breaking frame provides a carrier for the installation of the membrane-breaking mechanism. The membrane-breaking frame of this optimized solution adopts a structure in which a fixed plate is connected to a fixed rod, and the weight is small, which further reduces the total weight of the machine.

As an optimization, the membrane-breaking drive device includes a rolling shaft gear fixed on the rolling shaft, a worm reducer fixed to the membrane-breaking frame, and a membrane-breaking motor connected to the input shaft of the worm reducer. The output of the worm reducer A reducer gear that meshes with the rolling shaft gear is fixed on the shaft. The film-breaking drive device of the optimized scheme provides power through the film-breaking motor, and drives the rolling shaft gear to rotate through the transmission force of the worm reducer, thereby driving the rolling shaft to rotate. The structure is simple, and by setting the worm reducer, the film-breaking motor is realized It is arranged along the front and rear directions, which is convenient for fixing the membrane breaking motor and the frame.

As an optimization, it also includes two fixed holding plates rotatably connected with the rolling shaft, the two fixed holding plates are respectively located on both sides of the rolling shaft gear, and both fixed holding plates are fixedly connected with the membrane breaking frame. In this optimization scheme, the fixed clamping plate is arranged to play the role of fixing the rolling shaft gear, and play the role of supporting the rolling shaft, so as to reduce the bending deformation of the rolling shaft.

As an optimization, the traveling device includes a frame with narrow wheels and a fixed seat fixed on the frame. A steering motor is installed on the fixed seat, and the motor shaft of the steering motor extends vertically downward and is fixed with the frame. A hub motor connected to the narrow wheel drive is installed on the frame. The wheels of this optimization scheme use narrow wheels, which reduces the weight and the rolling area of the soil. The steering motor drives the frame to rotate, which is convenient for turning the whole machine, and the wheel hub motor drives the wheels to rotate, which is convenient for the whole machine. Walk for control.

As an optimization, an upper shaft and a lower shaft that pass through the fixing base are also fixed on the frame, and the fixing base is threaded with fixing bolts that are threadedly connected to the frame. The side of the fixing base away from the bolt head of the fixing bolt is provided with The limit shaft sleeve is sleeved on the upper shaft and/or the lower shaft, and the side wall of the limit shaft sleeve is threadedly connected with a set bolt which is pushed up to the upper shaft and/or the lower shaft. In this optimization scheme, the fixing seat is fixed by pressing the limit shaft sleeve on one side of the fixing seat, and the bolt head of the fastening bolt is pressed against the other side of the fixing seat. After loosening the fixing bolt and the limiting shaft sleeve, The position of the fixed seat can be moved, so as to realize the adjustment of the spacing in the width direction of the wheels and adapt to the requirements of different ridge spacings.

As an optimization, the frame includes a wheel axle rotatably connected to the narrow wheel, two front fork support frames located on both sides of the narrow wheel and fixed to the wheel axle, and a front fork connecting plate located above the narrow wheel and a The front fork shoulder cover above the front fork connecting plate, the front fork connecting plate and the front fork shoulder cover are respectively provided with through holes sleeved on the two front fork support frames, the front fork shoulder cover is fixedly connected with the motor of the steering motor Steering shaft to which the shaft is fixed. The frame structure of this scheme provides support for the wheels through the wheel axle and two front fork support frames, connects the two front fork support frames through the front fork connecting plate and the front fork shoulder cover, and transmits the power of the steering motor through the steering shaft to realize Steering, simple structure and convenient installation.

As an optimization, the front fork support frame is provided with a lower limit block located under the front fork connecting plate and an upper limit block located above the front fork shoulder cover. Shock spring on support frame. In this optimization scheme, the lower limit block is used to limit the downward movement of the connecting plate of the front fork, and the upper limit block is used to limit the upward movement of the front fork shoulder cover. By setting the shock-absorbing spring, the periodic vibration of the machine can be reduced when the machine operates in a rough work site. and the negative effects of instantaneous shocks on the machine.

This solution also provides a chain dragging method for breaking membranes of garlic seedlings, including the following aspects:

Before starting the machine, adjust the spacing in the width direction of the wheels by tightening the bolts and the limit bushings, so that the width distance between the wheels matches the local garlic planting process; There is no need for a 180-degree U-turn, which improves work efficiency and flexibility;

After starting the machine, make the machine travel to the working place, then reverse the film-breaking motor on the back side of the machine, so that the film-breaking chain falls on the garlic film, adjust the wheel travel direction through the steering motor, and start the hub motor to make the machine start to move forward. Drive the membrane-breaking chain to advance on the garlic film to start the membrane-breaking operation;

When a line of film breaking ends and needs to be changed, the film breaking motor on the back of the machine rotates forward to lift the film breaking chain, control the steering motor to turn the wheel to a 90-degree lateral direction, and start the hub motor to make the machine move laterally until it needs to be broken. the next line of the membrane;

When the line feed is completed, reverse the film-breaking motor on the front side of the machine to drop the front film-breaking chain onto the garlic film, and then control the hub motor to drive the film-breaking machine to start working backwards. film work.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: instead of artificial membrane rupture by chain dragging, the membrane rupture efficiency of garlic seedlings is improved, and membrane rupture is stable and reliable; the membrane rupture frame adopts the connection structure of rod and plate, which is beneficial to reduce the total weight of the equipment; The setting of bolts and limit bushings realizes the position adjustment and fixation of the fixed seat, thus realizing the adjustment of the wheel width spacing, so that the machine can work on the work site with different standard spacing, and the versatility is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the left side view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the frame structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the four-wheel steering mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the in-wheel motor drive mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the membrane breaking mechanism of the present invention;

Shown in the picture:

1. Main box, 2. Fixing plate on the left side of the frame, 3. Fixing plate on the right side of the frame, 4. Front fixing support frame, 5. Rear fixing support frame, 6. Fixing seat, 7. Fastening bolts, 8. Limit bushing, 9. Fixing frame, 10, Steering motor, 11, Steering motor flange, 12, Motor mounting plate, 13, Steering motor extension shaft, 14, Coupling, 15, Steering shaft, 16, Steering shaft rolling bearing, 17, Steering shaft fixed housing, 18, Front fork shoulder cover, 19, Damping shaft, 20, Damping spring, 21, Front fork support frame, 22, Front fork connecting plate, 23, Narrow wheel, 24, hub motor, 25, wheel shaft, 26, film breaking motor, 27, worm reducer, 28, reducer gear, 29, rolling shaft gear, 30, upper fixing rod, 31, lower fixing rod, 32, left fixing Plate, 33, Right fixed plate, 34, Rolling shaft rolling bearing, 35, Rolling shaft, 36, Fixed clamping plate, 37, Flexible net, 38, Membrane breaking chain.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the solution, the solution will be described below through specific implementations.

As shown in Figure 1, a chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine includes a frame installed with a walking device and a membrane breaking mechanism installed on the frame. The walking device includes a four-wheel steering mechanism and a hub motor drive mechanism. The frame is located in the center of the whole machine, and a complete set of handle remote control system is installed in it; a pair of four-wheel steering mechanisms are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the frame, and the four-wheel steering mechanisms are symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame, and the whole machine is controlled by the remote control handle; The in-wheel motor drive mechanism is located at the lower part of the four-wheel steering mechanism, which is the power source for the operation of the whole machine and provides power for the operation of the machine.

The rack includes a main body box 1, a left fixing plate 2 of the rack, a right fixing plate 3 of the rack, a front fixed support frame 4, and a rear fixed support frame 5; the main frame box 1 is fixed to the front fixed support frame 4 and the rear fixed support frame 5 Between the fixed support frames 5, a square slot is opened at the front and rear ends of the main box of the frame for installing the membrane-breaking motor, and threaded holes are opened on both sides of the front and rear fixed support frames for connecting the I-beam fixing frame. The front fixed support frame 4 and the rear fixed support frame 5 both include an upper shaft and a lower shaft fixed to the frame, the upper shaft is located just above the lower shaft and is parallel to the lower shaft, and both the upper shaft and the lower shaft are along the width direction of the frame. extend.

The traveling device includes a frame on which narrow wheels 23 are installed and a fixing seat 6 fixed on the frame. The narrow wheels 23 are four pieces and are distributed in a rectangular shape, and each narrow wheel corresponds to a fixing seat. Compared with ordinary wheels, the narrow wheel has the characteristics of narrow wheel body and easy replacement, especially when it is used in the operation of garlic seedlings breaking the membrane, because garlic is planted, the walking gap left between the two dragons is about 30cm. Causes damage to garlic seedlings on both sides of the gap, and the narrow wheel can avoid damage to garlic seedlings during operation.

A steering motor 10 is installed on the fixed seat, and the motor shaft of the steering motor extends vertically downward and is fixedly connected to the frame, and a hub motor 24 that is drivingly connected to the narrow wheel 23 is installed on the frame. The steering motor, steering transmission and the frame form a four-wheel steering mechanism. The hub motor and the transmission mechanism connecting the hub motor and the wheel form a hub motor drive mechanism. The steering motor can be controlled by the handle to control the rotation of the narrow wheel, and the rotation angle can be controlled by remote control. The forward direction of the garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine is the initial angle position, which can be rotated 0~90 degrees to the left and right, and then the lateral rotation of the machine can be realized. The fixing seat is provided with shaft holes sleeved on the upper shaft and the lower shaft, so that the fixing seat can slide along the upper shaft and the lower shaft; the middle part of the fixing seat is also provided with a round hole, and the round hole is threaded with a thread with the frame The connected fastening bolts 7, the side of the fixed seat away from the bolt head of the fastening bolts 7 is provided with a limit shaft sleeve 8 sleeved on the upper shaft and the lower shaft, and the side wall of the limit shaft sleeve is threadedly connected with a top to the upper shaft. and the set screw of the lower shaft. The limit bushing and the bolt head of the fixing bolt form the clamping and fixing of the fixing seat on both sides of the fixing seat respectively. After loosening the fixing bolt and the fixing bolt, the fixing seat can be slid to realize the adjustment of the distance in the width direction of the wheel. .

The frame includes a wheel axle rotatably connected to the narrow wheel, two front fork support frames 21 located on both sides of the narrow wheel and fixed to the wheel axle, and a front fork connecting plate 22 located above the narrow wheel and connected to the front fork. The front fork shoulder cover 18 above the plate, the front fork connecting plate 22 and the front fork shoulder cover 18 are respectively provided with through holes sleeved on the two front fork support frames 21, and the front fork shoulder cover is fixedly connected with the steering motor. Steering shaft 15 to which the motor shaft is fixed. The front fork support frame 21 is provided with a lower limit block located below the front fork connecting plate 22 and an upper limit block located above the front fork shoulder cover. The front fork support frame part between the front fork connecting plate 22 and the front fork shoulder cover 18 is: The shock-absorbing shaft 19 is provided with a shock-absorbing spring 20 on the shock-absorbing shaft 19, which can reduce the negative impact of the periodic vibration and instantaneous impact of the machine on the machine when the machine operates in a rough work site. The front fork connecting plate plays the role of fixing the front fork support frame 21. The lower ends of the two front fork support frames 21 are provided with round holes for the wheel axles 25 to pass through. A narrow wheel is fixed between the support frames through the wheel shaft. The narrow wheels are connected by mounting bearings, the hub motor is sleeved with the wheel shaft, and is assembled on one side of the narrow wheel. The wheel hub motor is fixed on the front fork support frame on one side, which is the driving power source mechanism of the whole vehicle.

The steering transmission part of the four-wheel steering mechanism includes a steering motor flange 11 , a motor mounting plate 12 , a steering motor extension shaft 13 , a coupling 14 , a steering shaft rolling bearing 16 and a steering shaft fixing housing 17 . The motor fixing plate 12 is welded on the fixing seat, and is closely installed with the steering motor flange 11, which plays the role of fixing and supporting the steering motor 10. The motor mounting plate 12 has a shaft hole for the steering motor to extend the shaft 13, that is, the steering motor. The motor shaft of the steering shaft passes through, and the steering motor extension shaft 13 and the steering shaft 15 are fixedly connected by the coupling 14; As a result, the steering shaft 15 is connected with the steering shaft fixing housing 17 through the steering shaft rolling bearing 16 .

There are two sets of membrane breaking mechanisms, which are installed in the front and rear of the frame respectively. Specifically, the membrane-breaking mechanism includes a membrane-breaking frame fixed to the frame, a rolling shaft 35 rotatably connected to the membrane-breaking frame, and a membrane-breaking driving device that drives the rolling shaft to rotate, and the rolling shaft is wound with a flexible mesh 37. The hanging end of the flexible net is wrapped with a membrane-breaking chain 38, that is, a chain for breaking the membrane. The flexible mesh of this embodiment is a flexible gauze mesh, and a flexible cloth strip is sewn on the bottom surface of the flexible gauze mesh to increase the wear resistance of the gauze mesh. When the machine is working, the forward and reverse rotation of the membrane-breaking motor is remotely controlled by the handle, and the lifting and falling of the membrane-breaking chain can be realized through the power transmission of the gear set of the worm reducer and the flexible gauze.

The membrane-breaking frame includes an upper fixing rod 30 and a lower fixing rod 31 fixed at both ends by a fixing plate, and a fixing frame 9 whose one end is fixed with the upper fixing rod and the lower fixing rod, and the other end is fixed with the frame, and the rolling shaft 35 Rotationally connected with the fixed plates at both ends. The fixing frame 9 is welded by H steel to ensure sufficient strength. One end of the fixing frame is symmetrically fixed to both sides of the front fixing support frame, and the other end is fixed to the upper fixing rod and the lower fixing rod by bolts. The left ends of the upper fixing rod 30 and the lower fixing rod 31 are fixedly connected with the left fixing plate 32, and the right ends of the upper fixing rod 30 and the lower fixing rod 31 are fixedly connected with the right fixing plate 33, and the left fixing plate and the right fixing plate are fixed and supported. The role of the fixed rod and the rolling shaft 35. The membrane breaking mechanism is connected with the body of the whole machine through an I-beam fixing frame, which is simple and convenient to disassemble, and the steering, walking and lateral movement functions of the whole machine are still feasible after disassembly, and can be connected with other structures to carry out different operations.

The membrane-breaking drive device includes a rolling shaft gear 29 fixed on the rolling shaft 35, a worm reducer fixed to the membrane-breaking frame, and a membrane-breaking motor 26 connected to the input shaft of the worm reducer, on the output shaft of the worm reducer. A reducer gear 28 meshing with the rolling shaft gear 29 is fixedly mounted, and the reducer gear 28 and the rolling shaft gear 29 are a pair of gear sets.

Specifically, the membrane-breaking motor 26 is installed in the square slot opened in the main body box of the frame, the motor flange is attached to the baffle plate of the fixed support frame, the motor extension shaft is connected to the worm reducer 27, and the front end of the worm reducer 27 is connected to the The lower fixing rod 31 is in close contact, and the inner side and the baffle are fixed by bolts; the two ends of the rolling shaft 35 are respectively connected with the left fixing plate and the right fixing plate through fixed bearings.

This embodiment also includes two fixed clamping plates 36 rotatably connected with the rolling shaft through the rolling shaft rolling bearing 34, the two fixed clamping plates are respectively located on both sides of the rolling shaft gear, and the two fixed clamping plates are both fixed to the membrane rupture frame, and The handle portion of the fixing clamping plate 36 is fixedly connected to the fixing rod, and plays the role of fixing the rolling shaft gear.

The membrane-breaking method performed by using the chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic membrane-breaking machine of this implementation includes the following aspects:

1. Before the machine is started, adjust the distance in the width direction of the wheels by tightening the bolts and the limit bushing, and then control the distance between the two wheels, so that the width distance between the wheels matches the local garlic planting process; Membrane breaking mechanisms are installed on the front and rear sides of the

2. After starting the machine, use the remote control handle to control the machine to travel to the working place, then reverse the membrane-breaking motor on the back side of the machine to drive the rolling shaft to rotate, so that the membrane-breaking chain falls on the garlic film, and control the rotation of the steering motor through the remote control handle , adjust the traveling direction of the wheel, start the hub motor to make the machine start to move forward, and the machine drives the film-breaking chain to advance on the garlic film to start the film-breaking operation;

3. When a line of film breaking ends and needs to be changed, control the remote control handle to make the film breaking motor on the rear side of the machine rotate forward to raise the film breaking chain, control the steering motor to turn the wheel to a 90-degree horizontal direction, and start the hub motor to make the machine run. Move laterally to move to the next row where the membrane needs to be broken;

4. When the line feed is completed, reverse the film-breaking motor on the front side of the machine to drop the front film-breaking chain onto the garlic film, and then control the hub motor to drive the film-breaking machine to start working backwards, so that the film-breaking of garlic seedlings can be realized efficiently and quickly. Operation;

5. Repeat the above actions until the entire membrane breaking operation is completed.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be realized by or using the existing technology, and will not be repeated here; the above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not It is a limitation of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that changes, modifications, Additions or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, and should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a chain drag type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine, comprising the frame that is installed with running gear and the membrane breaking mechanism installed on the frame, it is characterized in that: described membrane breaking mechanism is located at the rear of the frame, and the membrane breaking mechanism It includes a membrane-breaking frame fixed to the frame, a rolling shaft (35) rotatably connected to the membrane-breaking frame, and a membrane-breaking driving device that drives the rolling shaft to rotate, and a flexible mesh (37) is wound on the rolling shaft, The hanging end of the flexible mesh is wrapped with a membrane-breaking chain (38). 2 . The chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine according to claim 1 , wherein a membrane breaking mechanism is also installed in front of the frame. 3 . 3. a kind of chain drag type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described membrane breaking frame comprises upper fixing rod and lower fixing rod fixedly connected by fixing plates at both ends, and one end is connected with the upper fixing rod and the lower fixing rod. The upper fixing rod and the lower fixing rod are fixedly connected, and the other end of the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the frame, and the rolling shaft (35) is rotatably connected with the fixing plates at both ends. 4. a chain drag type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described membrane breaking driving device comprises a rolling shaft gear fixed on the rolling shaft, and a membrane breaking frame fixedly connected A worm reducer, and a film-breaking motor (26) connected to the input shaft of the worm reducer, and a reducer gear (28) that meshes with the rolling shaft gear is fixed on the output shaft of the worm reducer. 5. A chain dragging type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: it further comprises two fixed clamping plates (36) rotatably connected with the rolling shaft, and the two fixed clamping plates are respectively located in the rolling On both sides of the shaft gear, two fixed clamping plates are fixedly connected with the membrane rupture frame. 6 . The chain-drag type garlic seedling automatic membrane breaking machine according to claim 1 , wherein the traveling device comprises a frame on which narrow wheels (23) are installed and a fixed seat fixed on the frame, 6 . A steering motor (10) is installed on the fixed seat, the motor shaft of the steering motor extends vertically downward and is fixedly connected with the frame, and the frame is mounted with a hub motor (24) drivingly connected with the narrow wheel (23). . 7. a kind of chain drag type garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the upper shaft and the lower shaft passing through the fixing seat are also fixed on the frame, and the fixing seat is provided with The fixing bolts of the frame are threadedly connected, and the side of the fixing seat away from the bolt head of the fixing bolts is provided with a limit shaft sleeve sleeved on the upper shaft and/or the lower shaft, and the side wall of the limit shaft sleeve is threadedly connected with a top. Set screws to upper and/or lower shaft. 8 . The chain-drag type garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine according to claim 6 , wherein the frame comprises a wheel axle that is rotatably connected to the narrow wheel, is located on both sides of the narrow wheel and is connected to the wheel axle. 9 . The two front fork support brackets (21) fixedly connected, the front fork connecting plate (22) located above the narrow wheel and the front fork shoulder cover (18) located above the front fork connecting plate, the front fork connecting plate (22) and The front fork shoulder covers (18) are respectively provided with through holes sleeved on the two front fork support frames (21), and the front fork shoulder covers are fixed with a steering shaft (15) which is fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the steering motor. 9 . The chain dragging garlic seedling automatic film breaking machine according to claim 8 , wherein the front fork support frame ( 21 ) is provided with a lower limit block located below the front fork connecting plate ( 22 ) and a lower limit block located under the front fork connecting plate ( 22 ). 10 . The upper limit block above the front fork shoulder cover is provided with a shock absorbing spring sleeved on the front fork support frame (21) between the front fork connecting plate (22) and the front fork shoulder cover (18). 10. a chain drag type garlic seedling membrane rupture method, is characterized in that: Before the machine is started, adjust the spacing in the width direction of the wheels by tightening the bolts and the limit bushings, so that the width distance between the wheels matches the local garlic planting process; the film breaking mechanism is installed on the front and rear sides of the machine; After starting the machine, make the machine travel to the working place, then reverse the film-breaking motor (26) on the rear side of the machine, so that the film-breaking chain falls on the garlic film, adjust the traveling direction of the wheel through the steering motor (10), and start the hub motor (24) The machine starts to move forward, and the machine drives the membrane-breaking chain (38) to advance on the garlic film to start the membrane-breaking operation; When a line of film breaking ends and needs to be changed, the film breaking motor on the rear side of the machine rotates forward to raise the film breaking chain (38), control the steering motor (10) to turn the wheel to a 90-degree lateral direction, and start the hub motor to make the machine move laterally. Move, move to the next line that needs to be broken; When the line feed is completed, reverse the film breaking motor on the front side of the machine to drop the film breaking chain on the garlic film, and then control the hub motor to drive the film breaking machine to start working backwards.

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