CN111718168A - Asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111718168A
CN111718168A CN202010143800.4A CN202010143800A CN111718168A CN 111718168 A CN111718168 A CN 111718168A CN 202010143800 A CN202010143800 A CN 202010143800A CN 111718168 A CN111718168 A CN 111718168A
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parts
fiber
calcium silicate
asbestos
ramie
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吕春粉
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Zhengzhou Zhitao Information Technology Co ltd
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Zhengzhou Zhitao Information Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-asbestos composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the calcium silicate board is mainly prepared from water and the following raw materials: 19-21 parts of slaked lime, 24-26 parts of portland cement, 21-23 parts of diatomite, 24-26 parts of quartz sand, 4.5-5.5 parts of silica fume, 3.5-4.5 parts of metakaolin, 4.5-5.5 parts of modified ramie fiber, 2.5-3.5 parts of rock wool fiber and 1.6-1.8 parts of potassium sulfate; the modified ramie fiber is prepared by dissolving gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane in an ethanol water solution to prepare a modifier; spraying modifier to degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia, mixing, drying, and removing ethanol. The calcium silicate board uses the modified ramie fibers and the rock wool fibers to be compounded as the reinforcing fibers, has good appearance quality, low water absorption and low wet expansion rate, and has better water resistance, moisture resistance, high mechanical property, freeze-thaw resistance, good dry-wet cycle resistance and stable property.

Description

Asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of asbestos-free calcium silicate boards, and particularly relates to an asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fiber reinforced calcium silicate board is a novel board-shaped building material which is prepared by taking a siliceous material-a calcareous material as a main cementing material, taking inorganic mineral fibers, organic synthetic fibers or cellulose fibers as a reinforcing material and adding a certain proportion of raw materials such as an auxiliary agent, water and the like through the working procedures of pulping, molding, high-pressure steam curing and the like; the fireproof heat-insulation sound-insulation wall has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, fire resistance, incombustibility, earthquake resistance, mould resistance, easiness in construction and processing, heat insulation, sound insulation, long service life and the like; the composite heat-insulating board can be used for fireproof coating of partition boards and ceiling boards of industrial and civil buildings, steel structures of buildings and bearing parts, and can also be used as an external wall board and a composite heat-insulating system of the buildings after surface waterproof treatment, in particular to a large-breadth external wall board of a high-rise building.
Since the introduction of calcium silicate boards into the market, the reinforcing fibers used for a long time were all asbestos fibers. The asbestos fiber has small specific density and volume weight, good dispersibility in water, low thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength and stable chemical properties (alkali resistance, high temperature and high pressure resistance), and is an ideal reinforced fiber material; however, asbestos has carcinogenicity, and the possibility that the human body is infected with cancer-type mesothelioma and lung cancer is easily caused by long-term work in the environment where asbestos dust or fine asbestos fibers are seriously suspended, so that the application of asbestos and asbestos fibers is limited, and the development and production of asbestos-free calcium silicate boards are emphasized and developed.
In the prior art, the performance of some fibers is close to that of asbestos fibers, but most fibers have serious defects, such as poor alkali resistance, high temperature and high pressure resistance, poor compatibility with a calcium silicate matrix, no reinforcing performance and the like, and are not suitable for being used as a reinforcing material of a calcium silicate board. At present, the widely applied asbestos fiber substitute material is chemically treated conifer pulp fiber, because the grinded conifer pulp fiber has the process performance similar to the loosened asbestos fiber, has certain tensile strength, has the length within a certain range (the fiber content of the length of 1-6mm is 60-70 percent), has good high temperature and high humidity resistance, is harmless to human health, and belongs to reproducible natural resources. In the prior art, hardwood (such as eucalyptus) pulp is also used as a raw material to prepare the fiber-reinforced calcium silicate board, but the hardwood pulp pulping process needs to be further optimized and improved, fiber damage is reduced, and the softwood pulp can be completely replaced.
However, wood resources in China are relatively deficient and scarce, because the coverage rate of forests is not high, in order to protect tree resources in forest areas and maintain good ecological environment, and commercial felling (especially coniferous forest resources) is gradually forbidden, the yield of the timbers in China is obviously reduced, and the competition among downstream industries taking the timbers as raw materials is fierce, so that fiber-reinforced calcium silicate board manufacturers taking wood pulp fibers as reinforcing materials mainly rely on imported wood pulp, the price and the transportation cost are high, and the industrial development and the application of green environment-friendly asbestos-free fiber-reinforced calcium silicate boards are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board is mainly prepared from water and the following raw materials in parts by weight:
19-21 parts of slaked lime, 24-26 parts of portland cement, 21-23 parts of diatomite, 24-26 parts of quartz sand, 4.5-5.5 parts of silica fume, 3.5-4.5 parts of metakaolin, 4.5-5.5 parts of modified ramie fiber, 2.5-3.5 parts of rock wool fiber and 1.6-1.8 parts of potassium sulfate;
the modified ramie fiber is prepared by the following method: dissolving gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane in an ethanol water solution to prepare a modifier; spraying the obtained modifier on degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia, uniformly mixing, and drying to remove ethanol to obtain the ramie fiber; wherein the dosage of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 1.2-1.4% of the weight of the ramie refined dry fibrilia.
When the calcium silicate board is prepared, the using amount of water meets the water-cement ratio of 0.3-0.35.
The length of the ramie refined dry fibrilia is not less than 3mm, and the gel content is 4.0-6.0%. Furthermore, the length of the ramie refined dry ramie fiber is 3-8mm, and the diameter is 10-30 μm.
The mass ratio of ethanol to water in the ethanol water solution is 82: 8.
In the modifier, the mass fraction of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 4.0-6.0%.
The preparation method of the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board comprises the following steps:
s1, adding modified ramie fibers and rock wool fibers in a formula amount into water for dispersing to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s2, adding the silica fume, the metakaolin and the potassium sulfate into the fiber mixed solution obtained in the step S1 according to the formula ratio, and continuously dispersing to obtain fiber slurry;
s3, mixing the slaked lime, the Portland cement, the diatomite and the quartz sand according to the formula ratio to obtain a dry material; uniformly mixing the obtained dry material with the fiber slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain mixed slurry;
s4, injecting the mixed slurry obtained in the step S3 into a mold and pressing to form a plate blank; and pre-curing, steam-pressure curing and drying the obtained plate blank to obtain the composite material.
In steps S1 and S2, the dispersion is mechanical stirring dispersion, the stirring rotation speed is 150-200rpm, and the stirring dispersion time is 15-20 min.
In step S4, the pressure of the pressure molding is 20-40MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-15 min.
In step S4, the pre-curing is performed at room temperature for 4-6 h.
In step S4, the autoclave curing temperature is 175-185 ℃, the pressure is 1.0-1.2MPa, and the time is 6-8 h.
In step S4, the drying refers to drying at 100-110 ℃ until the moisture content of the board is not more than 7.0%.
The invention relates to an asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board, which is mainly prepared from water, slaked lime, portland cement, diatomite, quartz sand, silica fume, metakaolin, modified ramie fibers, rock wool fibers and potassium sulfate. The calcium silicate board is made of calcium silicate, calcium silicate cement and silicate cement, wherein the calcium silicate is used as a main calcium material, and the calcium silicate board is formed and has improved strength due to the fact that the silicate cement is used for assisting the calcium hydrate; diatomite and quartz sand are main siliceous materials, and SiO in the quartz sand2The content is high, and the method is mainly used for improving mechanical properties such as strength and the like; the diatomite is light and porous, and is used for reducing the mass of the calcium silicate board on one hand, enhancing the thermal resistance effect of the board on the other hand, reducing the thermal conductivity coefficient of the board and ensuring that the board has good heat insulation performance. The siliceous material and the calcareous material act synergistically to generate tobermorite crystals through chemical reaction in the steam-pressing process, so that the plate has good strength, mechanical properties and dimensional stability.
In the invention, the silica fume and the metakaolin are used as the admixture, and the filling effect of the superfine particles of the silica fume and the metakaolin (especially the filling effect of the silica fume) is utilized to fill the pores between the fiber and the matrix, block the pore structure, reduce the capillary effect, increase the contact area between the fiber and the base material,thereby improving the bond stress of the base material to the fiber, enhancing the interface bonding force between the fiber and the base material, reducing shrinkage and expansion, and improving the dimensional stability and the mechanical property. Amorphous, highly active SiO in silica fume2The content is more than 95 percent, which is beneficial to promoting the adhesion between material layers in the plate forming process and promoting the generation of tobermorite crystals in the steam pressing process. The metakaolin contains Al element which is beneficial to the formation of calcium silicate hydrate and the stability of the flaky structure of tobermorite; metakaolin can also rapidly react with calcium hydroxide generated by cement hydration to generate viscous mixtures such as ettringite, calcium silicate gel and the like, so that crystal grains at different sites are rapidly connected to form a framework, and the framework is filled between the base material and the fibers to improve the interface bonding strength of the fibers and the base material. The admixture can also reduce the alkalinity of the cement base material, reduce the damage effect on the structure of the fiber and improve the reinforcing effect of the fiber.
According to the invention, the modified ramie fiber and the rock wool fiber are compounded to be used as a reinforced fiber material, the ramie fiber is degummed ramie, and the degummed ramie has good alkali resistance and high temperature and high pressure resistance because the previous degummed ramie has undergone high temperature, alkali treatment and other operations. The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out surface modification on ramie fibers by using a small amount of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, combining the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with hydrophilic groups on the surfaces of the ramie fibers, and forming a layer of silane coupling agent molecular film on the surfaces of the ramie fibers, so that the surfaces of the ramie fibers are changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity, the water repellency of the fiber surfaces and the water retention property of the fibers are improved, the fibers are protected, on one hand, the alkali resistance of the fibers is improved, and the weakening or disappearance of the fiber reinforcing effect caused by the excessive damage of an alkaline environment to the fibers in the plate forming process is prevented; on the other hand, the high-temperature water resistance of the fiber is improved, the erosion and damage of high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the fiber during subsequent autoclaved curing are reduced and prevented, and the reinforcing capability of the fiber to the plate is prevented from being damaged; meanwhile, the moisture regain and the hygroscopicity of the fiber are reduced, the hygroscopicity and the moisture expansion rate of the plate are further reduced, the capability of the plate in freeze-thaw resistance cycle and soaking and drying resistance cycle is improved, and the strength and the dimensional stability of the plate are maintained. The rock wool fiber is used as an inorganic fiber material, has the advantages of low density, low heat conductivity coefficient, non-flammability, good chemical stability and the like, reserves the compounding of a small amount of rock wool fiber and modified ramie fiber, makes up the defects of flammability of plant fiber and weak adsorption force with a powder material, and improves the bonding force of the whole reinforced fiber and a matrix through the irregular entanglement and crosslinking between the rock wool fiber and the modified ramie fiber, thereby improving the strength and the mechanical property of the plate.
The invention adopts potassium sulfate as an activating agent, and improves the reaction activity of siliceous materials such as quartz sand and the like; in a short curing time, potassium sulfate can cause higher polymerization degree of silicon acid chains than sodium sulfate, and the adoption of potassium sulfate as an activating agent can shorten the autoclave curing time and reduce the damage to the reinforcing fibers due to overlong autoclave curing time.
In the preparation method, the modified ramie fibers and the rock wool fibers are added into water to be dispersed to obtain a fiber mixed solution, so that the rock wool fibers and the modified ramie fibers are subjected to irregular entanglement and crosslinking; and then adding the silica fume, the metakaolin and the potassium sulfate into the obtained fiber mixed solution to be continuously dispersed to obtain fiber slurry, so that the ultrafine powder of the silica fume and the metakaolin is attached to the surfaces, gaps and interlacing joints of the rock wool fiber and the modified ramie fiber due to the adsorption effect, and the ultrafine powder is filled between the fiber and the matrix during final molding, thereby blocking the pores and enhancing the bonding force of the fiber and the matrix.
The finished product surface of the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board (original board) has no phenomena of cracks, delamination, peeling and bubbling, has no obvious corner drop and edge drop, and meets the requirement of appearance quality; the thickness and the apparent density are not lower than the design requirements, and the dimensional deviation is within the specified range. The detection shows that the water absorption rate of the obtained board is below 20.83 percent, and the wet expansion rate is below 0.17 percent, which shows that the composite fiber reinforcing material in the calcium silicate board is tightly combined with a matrix, has small pores, is not easy to absorb water, and has better water resistance and moisture resistance; the incombustibility of the obtained plate meets the requirement of GB8624 incombustibility A, and after the water impermeability test lasts for 24 hours, no water drops appear on the bottom surface of the plate, so that the water impermeability requirement is met. In a mechanical property detection test, the water saturation breaking strength of the obtained plate is respectively 13.55MPa, 13.72MPa and 13.46MPa, which are not lower than 13MPa, and the R3-level strength requirements of A-type and B-type plates are met. In an anti-freezing test, after 100 times of freeze-thaw cycles, the water-saturated breaking strength of the obtained plate is still more than 10.84MPa, the breaking strength ratio is more than 80.44%, the strength loss is small, and the plate has good anti-freezing performance; in a soaking-drying test, the obtained board has the water saturation breaking strength of more than 10.31MPa, the breaking strength ratio of more than 76.09 percent, small strength loss, good dry-wet cycle resistance and stable property. The obtained asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board has excellent comprehensive performance and can replace the existing wood pulp fiber or paper fiber reinforced calcium silicate board.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
In a specific embodiment, the slaked lime is commercial slaked lime, and the content of effective calcium oxide is not less than 90%. The portland cement used was a commercial 42.5 grade ordinary portland cement. The diatomaceous earth used is commercially available technical grade, SiO2The content is not less than 99%. The quartz sand is commercially available fine quartz sand with the particle size of 200-300 meshes and SiO2The content is not less than 99%. The particle size of the used silica fume is 0.1-0.3 mu m, SiO2The content is not less than 95%. The metakaolin is a commercial product and is prepared by calcining kaolin at 800 deg.C for 4 hr, and has an average particle diameter of not more than 1.0 μm and specific gravity of 2.58g/cm3The activity is 35-40%.
In the specific embodiment, the degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia has the length of 3-8mm, the diameter of 10-30 μm, the average gum content (pectin rate) of 4.7% and the water content of less than or equal to 10%. The rock wool fiber is commercially available, is mainly made of basalt and has a bulk density of 15kg/m3The diameter is 3-8 μm, the length is 3-8mm, and the water content is less than or equal to 10%.
Example 1
The asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board is prepared from water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of slaked lime, 26 parts of Portland cement, 21 parts of diatomite, 26 parts of ground quartz sand, 4.5 parts of silica fume, 4.5 parts of metakaolin, 4.5 parts of modified ramie fibers, 3.5 parts of rock wool fibers and 1.6 parts of potassium sulfate; the water-cement ratio is 0.32;
the modified ramie fiber is prepared by the following method: dissolving gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in an ethanol aqueous solution (the mass ratio of ethanol to water is 82:8) to prepare a modifier with the mass concentration of 5.0%; spraying the obtained modifier on degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia, uniformly mixing, and drying at 85 ℃ to remove ethanol (ethanol is recycled) to obtain the degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia; wherein the dosage of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 1.2 percent of the mass of the degummed ramie fiber.
The preparation method of the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a mixture of modified ramie fibers and rock wool fibers in a formula amount into water, and stirring and dispersing at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 20min to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s2, adding the silica fume, the metakaolin and the potassium sulfate in the formula ratio into the fiber mixed solution obtained in the step S1, and continuously stirring and dispersing for 20min at the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain fiber slurry;
s3, mixing the formula amount of slaked lime, Portland cement, diatomite and ground quartz sand to obtain a dry material; uniformly mixing the obtained dry material with the fiber slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain mixed slurry;
s4, injecting the mixed slurry obtained in the step S3 into a mold, pressurizing at 20MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min and forming to obtain a plate blank;
and (3) pre-curing the obtained plate blank at room temperature for 4 hours, then demoulding, performing autoclaved curing at the temperature of 175 ℃ and the pressure of 1.2MPa for 7 hours, and then drying at the temperature of 105 ℃ until the water content of the plate is lower than 7.0 percent to obtain the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate plate.
Example 2
The asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board is prepared from water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of slaked lime, 25 parts of Portland cement, 22 parts of diatomite, 25 parts of ground quartz sand, 5.0 parts of silica fume, 4.0 parts of metakaolin, 5.0 parts of modified ramie fibers, 3.0 parts of rock wool fibers and 1.7 parts of potassium sulfate; the water-cement ratio is 0.32;
the modified ramie fiber is prepared by the following method: dissolving gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in an ethanol aqueous solution (the mass ratio of ethanol to water is 82:8) to prepare a modifier with the mass concentration of 5.0%; spraying the obtained modifier on degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia, uniformly mixing, and drying at 85 ℃ to remove ethanol (ethanol is recycled) to obtain the degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia; wherein the dosage of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 1.3 percent of the mass of the degummed ramie fiber.
The preparation method of the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a mixture of modified ramie fibers and rock wool fibers in a formula amount into water, and stirring and dispersing at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 20min to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s2, adding the silica fume, the metakaolin and the potassium sulfate in the formula ratio into the fiber mixed solution obtained in the step S1, and continuously dispersing for 20min at the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain fiber slurry;
s3, mixing the formula amount of slaked lime, Portland cement, diatomite and ground quartz sand to obtain a dry material; uniformly mixing the obtained dry material with the fiber slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain mixed slurry;
s4, injecting the mixed slurry obtained in the step S3 into a mold, pressurizing at 20MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min and forming to obtain a plate blank;
and (3) pre-curing the obtained plate blank at room temperature for 5 hours, then demoulding, performing autoclaved curing at the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 1.1MPa for 6 hours, and then drying at the temperature of 105 ℃ until the water content of the plate is lower than 7.0 percent to obtain the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate plate.
Example 3
The asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board is prepared from water and the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21 parts of slaked lime, 24 parts of Portland cement, 23 parts of diatomite, 24 parts of ground quartz sand, 5.5 parts of silica fume, 3.5 parts of metakaolin, 5.5 parts of modified ramie fibers, 2.5 parts of rock wool fibers and 1.8 parts of potassium sulfate; the water-cement ratio is 0.32;
the modified ramie fiber is prepared by the following method: dissolving gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in an ethanol aqueous solution (the mass ratio of ethanol to water is 82:8) to prepare a modifier with the mass concentration of 5.0%; spraying the obtained modifier on degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia, uniformly mixing, and drying at 85 ℃ to remove ethanol (ethanol is recycled) to obtain the degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia; wherein the dosage of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 1.4 percent of the mass of the degummed ramie fiber.
The preparation method of the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a mixture of modified ramie fibers and rock wool fibers in a formula amount into water, and stirring and dispersing at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 20min to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s2, adding the silica fume, the metakaolin and the potassium sulfate in the formula ratio into the fiber mixed solution obtained in the step S1, and continuously dispersing for 20min at the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain fiber slurry;
s3, mixing the formula amount of slaked lime, Portland cement, diatomite and ground quartz sand to obtain a dry material; uniformly mixing the obtained dry material with the fiber slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain mixed slurry;
s4, injecting the mixed slurry obtained in the step S3 into a mold, pressurizing at 20MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min and forming to obtain a plate blank;
and (3) pre-curing the obtained plate blank at room temperature for 6h, then demoulding, performing autoclaved curing at 185 ℃ and 1.0MPa for 6h, and drying at 105 ℃ until the water content of the plate is lower than 7.0%, thus obtaining the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate plate.
According to part 1 of JC/T564.1-2018 fiber reinforced calcium silicate board: the results of performance tests on the asbestos-free composite fiber-reinforced calcium silicate sheet (raw sheet) obtained as described above are shown in table 1.
Results of measuring Properties of asbestos-free composite fiber-reinforced calcium silicate sheets obtained in examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from Table 1, the surfaces of the finished asbestos-free composite fiber-reinforced calcium silicate sheets (raw sheets) obtained in examples 1 to 3The phenomena of crack, delamination, peeling and bubbling are avoided, and obvious corner drop and edge drop are avoided, so that the appearance quality requirement is met; the design requirements for the thickness of the sheets of examples 1 to 3 were 10mm, and the apparent density of the sheets was 1.25g/cm2In the actual measurement result, the thickness and the apparent density are not lower than the design requirements, and the dimensional deviation is within the specified range. The detection shows that the water absorption rate of the obtained board is below 20.83 percent, and the wet expansion rate is below 0.17 percent, which shows that the composite fiber reinforcing material in the calcium silicate board is tightly combined with a matrix, has small porosity, is not easy to absorb water, and has better water resistance and moisture resistance; the incombustibility of the obtained plate meets the requirement of GB8624 incombustibility A, and after the water impermeability test lasts for 24 hours, no water drops appear on the bottom surface of the plate, so that the water impermeability requirement is met. In a mechanical property detection test, the water saturation breaking strength of the plate obtained in the examples 1-3 is respectively 13.55MPa, 13.72MPa and 13.46MPa, which are not lower than 13MPa, and the R3-level strength requirements of the A-type plate and the B-type plate are met. In an anti-freezing test, after 100 times of freeze-thaw cycles, the water-saturated breaking strength of the obtained plate is still more than 10.84MPa, the breaking strength ratio is more than 80.44%, the strength loss is small, and the plate has good anti-freezing performance; in a soaking-drying test, the obtained board has the water saturation breaking strength of more than 10.31MPa, the breaking strength ratio of more than 76.09 percent, small strength loss, and good dry-wet cycle resistance and stability.

Claims (9)

1. A non-asbestos composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board is characterized in that: the paint is mainly prepared from water and the following raw materials in parts by weight:
19-21 parts of slaked lime, 24-26 parts of portland cement, 21-23 parts of diatomite, 24-26 parts of quartz sand, 4.5-5.5 parts of silica fume, 3.5-4.5 parts of metakaolin, 4.5-5.5 parts of modified ramie fiber, 2.5-3.5 parts of rock wool fiber and 1.6-1.8 parts of potassium sulfate;
the modified ramie fiber is prepared by the following method: dissolving gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane in an ethanol water solution to prepare a modifier; spraying the obtained modifier on degummed ramie refined dry fibrilia, uniformly mixing, and drying to remove ethanol to obtain the ramie fiber; wherein the dosage of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 1.2-1.4% of the weight of the ramie refined dry fibrilia.
2. The asbestos-free composite fiber-reinforced calcium silicate sheet according to claim 1, wherein: when the calcium silicate board is prepared, the using amount of water meets the water-cement ratio of 0.3-0.35.
3. The asbestos-free composite fiber-reinforced calcium silicate sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the ramie refined dry fibrilia is not less than 3mm, and the gel content is 4.0-6.0%.
4. The asbestos-free composite fiber-reinforced calcium silicate sheet according to claim 1, wherein: in the modifier, the mass fraction of the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is 4.0-6.0%.
5. A method for preparing the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate sheet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding modified ramie fibers and rock wool fibers in a formula amount into water for dispersing to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s2, adding the silica fume, the metakaolin and the potassium sulfate into the fiber mixed solution obtained in the step S1 according to the formula ratio, and continuously dispersing to obtain fiber slurry;
s3, mixing the slaked lime, the Portland cement, the diatomite and the quartz sand according to the formula ratio to obtain a dry material; uniformly mixing the obtained dry material with the fiber slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain mixed slurry;
s4, injecting the mixed slurry obtained in the step S3 into a mold and pressing to form a plate blank; and pre-curing, steam-pressure curing and drying the obtained plate blank to obtain the composite material.
6. The method for preparing the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate sheet according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, the pressure of the pressure molding is 20-40MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-15 min.
7. The method for preparing the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate sheet according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, the pre-curing is performed at room temperature for 4-6 h.
8. The method for preparing the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate sheet according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, the autoclave curing temperature is 175-185 ℃, the pressure is 1.0-1.2MPa, and the time is 6-8 h.
9. The method for preparing the asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate sheet according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, the drying refers to drying at 100-110 ℃ until the moisture content of the board is not more than 7.0%.
CN202010143800.4A 2020-03-04 2020-03-04 Asbestos-free composite fiber reinforced calcium silicate board and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN111718168A (en)

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Application publication date: 20200929