CN111700078A - Application of firework extract in plant virus disease prevention and control - Google Patents
Application of firework extract in plant virus disease prevention and control Download PDFInfo
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- CN111700078A CN111700078A CN202010406349.0A CN202010406349A CN111700078A CN 111700078 A CN111700078 A CN 111700078A CN 202010406349 A CN202010406349 A CN 202010406349A CN 111700078 A CN111700078 A CN 111700078A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
- A01N65/385—Tobacco
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of development and utilization of biogenic pesticides, and particularly relates to application of a firework extract in plant virus disease prevention and control, wherein the firework extract is a fir extract containing abienol, an antiviral preparation is prepared from the firework extract, and the abienol concentration of the firework extract serving as the antiviral preparation is not lower than 100 ppm; the firework extract contains abienol as main active component. The firework extract containing the abienol has the advantages of no toxic or side effect, safety in use, high prevention effect compared with a biological source preparation reported at present, and the prevention effect of the firework extract containing the abienol is remarkably higher than the prevention effect of a plant source pesticide applied and popularized in the current production on plant virus diseases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of development and utilization of biogenic pesticides, and particularly relates to application of a firework extract in plant virus disease prevention and treatment.
Background
Plant virus diseases are the second largest diseases from fungi in agricultural production, and are called plant cancers. After the virus infects the plant, the virus can quickly proliferate in the host body, and the nutrient substances, energy and places required by the growth and the amplification of the virus are completely provided by the host, so that the structure of host cells is changed, and the metabolic abnormalities of host photosynthesis, respiratory metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, protein metabolism, hormone and the like are caused, so that the plant is weak, the yield is reduced, the quality is reduced, and even the plant is dead. The plant virus diseases cause serious loss to crop production all over the world every year, the loss caused by the virus diseases can reach 300 hundred million every year in China, and the prevention and the treatment of the virus diseases are the world problems in agricultural production.
At present, methods for preventing and treating virus diseases generally comprise utilizing nontoxic seedlings, cultivating disease-resistant varieties, utilizing attenuated strains and satellite RNA, applying antiviral gene engineering to improve the disease resistance of host plants, changing cultivation measures, killing propagation media, antiviral chemical agents and the like. However, plants are often infected by various viruses in the field, and the mutation rate of virus strains is high, so that the conventional breeding period is long and the difficulty is high; although great progress is made in antiviral genetic engineering, certain environmental risks exist; the virus attenuated strain and the satellite RNA biological agent can be mixed with pathogenic virus for infection, so that the virus symptoms are aggravated to cause larger harm; the antiviral chemical preparation can interfere the synthesis of host nucleic acid and protein while preventing and controlling virus diseases and inhibiting the synthesis of virus nucleic acid and protein, so that the chemical injury is easy to cause, and an antiviral chemical preparation which is really effective to the plant virus diseases and harmless to hosts is not found so far. Therefore, an alternative technology of chemical control, "biological control", has been increasingly emphasized.
Biological control is to control pests by using living organisms or metabolites thereof, and compared with chemical pesticides, biological agents have the advantages of strong selectivity, good environmental compatibility, difficult generation of drug resistance, wide production raw materials and the like, and can avoid a series of problems of pesticide residue, environmental pollution, ecological system destruction and the like in the using process of the chemical pesticides. The search for plant virus resistant active substances from natural organisms is an important way for screening and obtaining antiviral drugs, and is a hotspot and difficulty in the prevention and treatment research of plant virus diseases. The active substances are derived from a wide variety of organisms, mainly from higher plants, algae, microorganisms, animals or their metabolites. Since the 50 s in the 19 th century, various natural compounds with antiviral activity, such as volatile substances, oils, tannins, polysaccharides, proteins, alkaloids and the like, are screened at home and abroad, wherein obtaining antiviral substances from plants is a hot spot of research in recent years.
Substances which inactivate TMV are isolated from Hui Li by Guoku and the like; researches such as vermah.v and the like show that leaves of white flower forages contain antiviral substances with strong activity; SusumKubo proves that mirabilis jalapa protein (MAP) can enable plants to generate systemic resistance so as to inhibit infection of TMV, Potato Virus Y (PVY), Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) and other viruses; the extracts of more than 30 traditional Chinese medicines such as isatis root, rhubarb, honeysuckle, mint, radix bupleuri, houttuynia cordata, common andrographis herb and the like have obvious treatment and protection effects on TMV, TuMV and CMV; the wettable powder MH11-4 is prepared by self-made compounding of India pokeberry root, liquorice, weeping forsythia and other Chinese herbal medicines, can perform strong in-vitro passivation on TMV and CMV and can obviously inhibit the proliferation of the TMV and the CMV in tobacco bodies. Most of the natural plant virus resisting substances are extracted and prepared based on Chinese medicinal materials, have the defects of small biomass of raw materials and high production cost, and have the biological control effect of more 30-60 percent, so most of the natural plant virus resisting substances cannot be applied to production practice, and therefore, screening of antiviral substances with low production cost, good control effect, no pollution and no public nuisance is urgent. At present, the research and application of preventing and treating plant virus diseases by using tobacco extracts are not reported.
Tobacco is a topping crop in the flowering phase, and a large amount of fireworks are abandoned in the tobacco production and planting process, so that adverse effects are caused to the ecological environment. The fireworks are rich in various beneficial active ingredients such as abienol, and the abienol content is more abundant especially in some excellent local sun-cured tobaccos and flue-cured tobaccos with specific fragrance types. At present, researches on fir alcohol of a firework extract mainly focus on the influence on the aroma quality of tobacco leaves, and the prevention and the treatment of plant virus diseases by using the firework extract with the fir alcohol as an index component are not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of long period, high cost, environmental pollution, poor control effect and the like of the existing plant virus control technology, and provides an application of a firework extract in plant virus disease control, in particular to an application of the firework extract containing abienol in plant virus disease control.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the application of the firework extract in preventing and treating plant virus diseases is characterized in that the firework extract is a fir alcohol-containing firework extract, the firework extract is used for preparing an anti-virus preparation, and the concentration of the fir alcohol in the firework extract serving as the anti-virus preparation is not lower than 100 ppm.
Furthermore, the firework extract takes abienol as a main active ingredient.
The firework extract provided by the invention takes the whole flowering period from budding to fruiting of tobacco as a waste firework resource for efficiently utilizing the time period; the fir alcohol in the firework extract is used as a main effective component; taking the abienol mass fraction as an extract concentration mark; the anti-virus preparation has effect in preventing and treating plant virus diseases when abienol concentration is not less than 100 ppm.
Further, the preparation method of the firework extract comprises the following steps: selecting tobacco variety containing abienol; taking the tobacco inflorescence from bud emergence to fruiting in the whole florescence as an extraction raw material; extracting the fireworks by using ethanol, petroleum ether, n-hexane or a mixture thereof for 1-10 times, combining the extracting solutions, and concentrating the extracting solution to obtain an extract.
Further, adding an emulsifier into the firework extract to prepare a preparation containing abienol; diluting the preparation with water to prepare antiviral preparation liquid with abienol concentration of 100-700 ppm, and spraying.
Furthermore, the firework extract can be used for preventing and treating plant virus diseases of tobacco, and the prevention and treatment method specifically comprises the following steps: after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted and the tobacco seedlings are returned for 15 days, spraying an antiviral preparation application liquid prepared from a firework extract once, and spraying for 1-2 times every 3-6 days, wherein the control effect is more than 65%.
Further, the firework extract can also be used for controlling plant virus diseases of plants including annual tomatoes, hot peppers, eggplants, tobaccos, cucumbers and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) experiments prove that the firework extract containing the abienol has remarkable prevention and treatment effects on plant virus diseases, the abienol concentration is used as the effective concentration for preventing and treating the plant virus diseases, the extract has no toxic or side effect and is safe to use, compared with a biological source preparation reported at present, the firework extract containing the abienol has high prevention and treatment effects, and the prevention and treatment effects are remarkably higher than those of plant source pesticides applied and popularized in the current production on the plant virus diseases.
(2) The invention adopts the fireworks as the raw materials, the fireworks are waste in tobacco production, the planting area is centralized, the collection is convenient, the biomass is large, the extraction is simple, the firework extract containing the abienol is used for preventing and treating plant virus diseases, and the invention has the advantages of rich raw materials, low cost, clean environment and the like.
(3) The firework extract provided by the invention has the characteristics of natural active ingredients, has no pesticide residue, is used for preventing and treating virus diseases by inactivating viruses and improving the resistance of plants, and has the characteristics of no public hazard, stability and safety.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the following examples.
Example 1
Research on tobacco virus resistance control by abienol
1.1 design of the experiment
The pure product abienol is prepared into 10% solution by using absolute ethyl alcohol, then the solution is prepared into preparation by using emulsifier 1602 according to the proportion of 1:1, and the preparation is diluted into application solutions of 200ppm, 400ppm, 600ppm, 800ppm, 1000ppm, 1200ppm and 1400ppm, and the inactivation and prevention treatment of TMV and CMV viruses are respectively carried out.
1.2 preparation of inoculum
Collecting infected CMV infected leaves on a local main-cultivated tobacco variety, identifying by a differential host spectrometry, inoculating CMV to a Sansheng-NN (Nicotiana tabacum var. samsun NN) tobacco seedling for reproduction and preservation after confirming that the CMV is virus, and transferring the CMV to the Sansheng-NN tobacco seedling for rejuvenation once 15 days before use in order to prevent the pathogenicity of the virus with the preservation period from being mutated, so as to prepare virus juice for later use.
Collecting infected TMV diseased leaves on a local main-cultivated tobacco variety, separating single spots on a dry spot host for 3-5 times, identifying by a differential host spectroscopy, inoculating the TMV virus to NC89 tobacco seedlings for reproduction and preservation, and preparing virus juice for later use.
1.3 inoculation
The test materials were Nicotiana benthamiana (Nicotiana benthamiana) and Nicotiana tabacum (Nicotiana benthamiana) 100. When 3-4 true leaves of tobacco seedlings are transplanted in a flowerpot with the diameter of 4cm, 1 plant is planted in each pot, and the tobacco seedlings grow to 6-7 leaves for testing.
Passivation test: preparing a mixed solution of TMV virus juice and abienol application liquid with the same volume, mixing for 15-30 min, and then inoculating tobacco leaves, wherein the reference solution is TMV virus juice and water with the same volume; adopting a half-leaf method during inoculation, aiming at one tobacco leaf, inoculating a mixed solution of TMV virus juice and abienol application liquid into the half leaf, and inoculating a control solution into the half leaf; 3 leaves are inoculated to each plant, 10 cigarettes are treated each time, and the disease condition is investigated 36-72 hours after inoculation. The CMV + application and control solutions were prepared in the same manner. CMV + application solution treated 10 cigarettes each, repeated 3 times; control solutions were repeated 3 times for 10 cigarettes each, and the disease was investigated 14 and 21 days after inoculation.
Prevention experiments: diluting with clear water at a ratio of 1:1 to obtain application solutions with abienol concentrations of 100ppm, 200ppm, 300ppm, 400ppm, 500ppm, 600ppm and 700ppm, spraying the application solutions when tobacco seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, spraying the application solutions once every 3 days for 3 times, treating 10 tobacco plants each, repeating the spraying for 3 times, taking the control solution as clear water, and inoculating 12-24 hours after the last spraying; the TMV prophylaxis test investigated the onset 36-72h after inoculation, and the CMV prophylaxis test investigated the onset 14 and 21 days after inoculation.
1.4 results
The disease index is executed according to GB/T23222-2008 tobacco pest classification and investigation method.
TABLE 1 passivation resistance test results (TMV)
TABLE 2 preventive resistance test results (TMV)
TABLE 3 passivation resistance test results (CMV)
TABLE 4 preventive resistance test results (CMV)
Example 2
Research on resistance control of different varieties of firework extracts to tobacco virus diseases
1.1 Firework extraction and detection of different tobacco varieties
6 parts of tobacco resources including Yunlo 02, Yishuihou tobacco, Mont Calme Brun, Makou tobacco, T.I706 and SPG-172 were extracted with ethanol, and the content of abienol was measured by UPLC, as shown in Table 5 below.
TABLE 5 abienol content in fireworks of different varieties of tobacco resources
| Uniform numbering | Name of breed | Abienol content (%) | Evaluation of |
| 000001880 | Yunluo 02 | 2.040 | High content of |
| 00001717 | Gold weaving black hanging handle | 3.678 | High content of |
| 00001231 | MontCalmeBrun | 0.980 | In a medium content |
| 00000772 | Cigarette with horsetail | 0.970 | In a medium content |
| 00001088 | T.I.706 | 0.013 | Very low content |
| 00003829 | SPG-172 | 0.010 | Very low content |
1.2 design of the experiment
Extracting 6 parts of tobacco varieties by using 20ml of ethanol respectively, extracting 5 fireworks from each part of tobacco, repeatedly extracting for three times, concentrating the obtained extracting solution to obtain a firework extract, weighing the firework extract with the same mass, and preparing 2ml of application solution by using the emulsifier and clear water with the same volume for later use.
1.3 inoculation identification
Preparation of the inoculum and the inoculation procedure were carried out according to the 1.2 and 1.3 anti-TMV tests in example 1.
1.4 results
The control effect of 6 tobacco varieties of firework extracts with the same quality on plant virus diseases is shown in the following table 6.
TABLE 6 passivation resistance test results (TMV)
Example 3
Research on virus disease resistance control of different varieties of firework extracts with same abienol concentration
1.1 design of the experiment
Extracting a large amount of the extracts of the silky wondon stem, the willow longifola, the Mont Calme Brun and the Makou tobacco, detecting the concentration of the extracts, and respectively diluting the extracts into application liquid with the abienol concentration of 100ppm for a virus disease prevention and treatment test.
1.2 inoculation
Preparation of the inoculum and the inoculation procedure were carried out according to the 1.2 and 1.3 anti-CMV tests in example 1.
1.3 test results
TABLE 7 preventive resistance test results (CMV)
Example 4
Research on virus disease resistance control of firework extracts in different flowering phases
1.1 design of the experiment
Extracting inflorescences of the budding, the initial flowering period and the full flowering period of the black knitted hanging stalk, detecting the concentration of abienol by using the firework extract, and diluting the firework extract in different periods into application liquid with the abienol concentration of 100ppm by using the method for antiviral identification.
1.2 inoculation identification
Preparation of the inoculum and the inoculation procedure were carried out according to the anti-TMV test in examples 1.2 and 1.3.
1.3 results
TABLE 8 passivation resistance test results (TMV)
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the scope of the present invention should be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The application of the firework extract in preventing and treating plant virus diseases is characterized in that the firework extract is a firework extract containing abienol, the firework extract is used for preparing an antiviral preparation, and the concentration of the abienol in the firework extract serving as the antiviral preparation is not lower than 100 ppm.
2. The application of the firework extract in plant virus disease control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the firework extract contains abienol as a main active ingredient.
3. The use of a firework extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fireworks of the firework extract are from a variety of tobacco containing abienol.
4. The application of the firework extract in the prevention and treatment of plant virus diseases as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the firework extract comprises the following steps: selecting tobacco variety containing abienol; taking the tobacco inflorescence from bud emergence to fruiting in the whole florescence as an extraction raw material; extracting the fireworks by using ethanol, petroleum ether, n-hexane or a mixture thereof for 1-10 times, combining the extracting solutions, and concentrating the extracting solution to obtain an extract.
5. The application of the firework extract in the prevention and treatment of plant virus diseases according to claim 4, wherein an emulsifier is added into the firework extract to prepare a preparation containing abienol; diluting the preparation with water to prepare antiviral preparation liquid with abienol concentration of 100-700 ppm, and spraying.
6. The application of the firework extract in plant virus disease control is characterized in that the firework extract is applied to a plant virus disease control method of tobacco, and the method comprises the following steps: and after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted and return to the seedlings for 15 days, spraying an antiviral preparation application liquid prepared from the firework extract once, and spraying for 1-2 times every 3-6 days, wherein the control effect is more than 65%.
7. Use of a firework extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant is annual tomato, pepper, eggplant, tobacco, cucumber.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113331215A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-03 | 北京农学院 | Schisandra fruit extract, preparation method thereof and application thereof in resisting tobacco mosaic virus |
| CN113349004A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 云南省烟草公司大理州公司 | Application of fireworks in potato planting and application method |
| CN114982790A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-02 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Microemulsion containing tobacco cis-abienol and application thereof |
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| CN109970537A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-07-05 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of penta element of Bath Ma and preparation method thereof |
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2020
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| JPS60130503A (en) * | 1983-12-20 | 1985-07-12 | Japan Tobacco Inc | Controlling agent against powdery mildew of crop |
| JPH0853382A (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1996-02-27 | Rinyachiyou Shinrin Sogo Kenkyusho | Production of cis-abienol-containing material |
| CN102041173A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-05-04 | 华芳烟用香料有限公司 | Extraction and separation method of aromatic part in aromatic tobacco extract and application thereof to cigarettes |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113349004A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 云南省烟草公司大理州公司 | Application of fireworks in potato planting and application method |
| CN113331215A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-03 | 北京农学院 | Schisandra fruit extract, preparation method thereof and application thereof in resisting tobacco mosaic virus |
| CN114982790A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-02 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Microemulsion containing tobacco cis-abienol and application thereof |
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