CN111696419A - Manikin with burn part - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a mannequin with a burn. The manikin includes: a prosthetic human body including at least one of a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb and a prosthetic upper torso, a prosthetic lower torso, and a prosthetic lower limb; one or A plurality of burns disposed on a prosthetic body in the form of blocks and/or sections, wherein the blocks are configured to removably fill into surface depressions of the prosthetic body , wherein the profile is configured to divide the prosthetic body into two parts that are removably connected together. The human body model according to the present disclosure can intuitively present the human skin manifestations in various burn situations, thereby helping medical staff to clearly identify and understand various burn situations, thereby improving the work quality of medical staff.

Description

mannequin with burns

technical field

The invention relates to a medical model, in particular to a human body model with a burnt part.

Background technique

Burn generally refers to tissue damage caused by heat (including hydrothermal liquid, high temperature gas, flame, hot solid, etc.), chemical substances (including acid, alkali) and electric shock. Subcutaneous tissue, and even muscles, bones and internal organs, etc., severe burns can be life-threatening. Thermal burns are one of the more common types of burns. Thermal burns can be classified into first-degree burns, superficial second-degree burns, deep second-degree burns, third-degree burns, and fourth-degree burns according to the depth of damage to human tissues.

Burns are one of the clinical emergencies, and severe burns can endanger the patient's life. The rapid and accurate judgment of burn patients' condition, the decision to comprehensively treat the patient's general condition and the correct treatment of the wound are the preconditions for improving the success rate and quality of treatment of burn patients, and are crucial in clinical practice. Therefore, the teaching of burn injury judgment is also the basis of burn related knowledge teaching, and the teaching of burn depth is an important basic content in burn injury judgment. However, in the traditional teaching of burn depth, only with the help of words and pictures, the teaching process is relatively abstract, which is not conducive to students' intuitive grasp of relevant knowledge about burn rescue. In clinical practice, experienced doctors often pay attention to the development of clinical treatment in the early treatment process, but cannot teach theoretical knowledge to students systematically. All of the above are not conducive to the cultivation of medical talents with professional knowledge of burns.

In order to solve the abstract and obscure problem of burn knowledge learning and improve the teaching quality, the development and use of a reasonable medical model is one of the more practical and efficient methods. However, there is no teaching model specifically applied to burns, especially the depth of burns. Based on this, we intend to invent a human body model with burns.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One of the objectives of the present disclosure is to provide a mannequin with a burn part for learning to recognize and understand a burn situation for medical teaching use.

The subject technology of the present disclosure is illustrated in accordance with the various aspects described below. For convenience, various examples of aspects of the subject technology are described as numbered clauses (1, 2, 3, etc.). These terms are offered by way of example, and not limitation of the subject technology of the present disclosure.

The present disclosure relates to a mannequin with a burn portion, the mannequin comprising:

a prosthetic human body comprising at least one of a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb and a prosthetic upper torso, a prosthetic lower torso and a prosthetic lower limb;

One or more burns provided on the prosthetic body in the form of blocks and/or profiles, wherein the blocks are configured to removably fill into surface depressions of the prosthetic body part, wherein the cross-section is configured to divide the prosthetic body into two parts that are removably connected together.

In some embodiments, the burn in the form of a block has a top surface and a side surface, wherein the top surface is configured to exhibit the morphology of the burn on the body surface, and/or the side surface is configured to exhibit The morphology of the burn at different depths from the body surface to the body.

In some embodiments, the morphology includes one or more of color, pattern, shape, and hardness.

In some embodiments, the burn in the form of a block is configured to removably fill the surface depression by means of magnetic attraction, adhesive, screw connection, snap connection or form fit.

In some embodiments, the burn in the form of a mass includes a plurality of separable simulated skin layers stacked together in a direction generally perpendicular to the skin.

In some embodiments, the multiple simulated skin layers are bonded with a re-adhesive adhesive, and/or the multiple simulated skin layers are connected by a snap connection, and/or the multiple simulated skin layers are connected by a snap connection. The simulated skin layers are connected in a form-fitting manner, and/or the multiple simulated skin layers are connected in a magnetically engaging manner.

In some embodiments, the plurality of simulated skin layers have different base colors.

In some embodiments, the plurality of simulated skin layers include one of a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papillary layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated bone layer or more.

In some embodiments, the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated papillary dermal layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, and the simulated muscle layer are made of elastomeric material, and the bone layer is made of hard material.

In some embodiments, the shape of the burn in the form of a block is a cylinder, a cone, or a hemisphere.

In some embodiments, the burn in the form of a block includes a plurality of separable layers stacked together in a direction generally parallel to the skin or oblique to the skin.

In some embodiments, the plurality of separable layers are removably connected together by magnetic attraction, adhesive, snap connection or form fit.

In some embodiments, the burn in cross-section extends in a direction perpendicular to the skin or in a direction oblique to the skin.

In some embodiments, the burn in cross-section includes multiple layers of simulated skin.

In some embodiments, the plurality of simulated skin layers each have a different base color.

In some embodiments, the plurality of simulated skin layers include one of a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papillary layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated bone layer or more.

In some embodiments, the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated papillary dermal layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, and the simulated muscle layer are made of elastomeric material, and the bone layer is made of hard material.

In some embodiments, the two parts of the prosthetic body that are divided by the burn in cross-section can be removably connected together by means of magnetic attraction, adhesive, screw connection, snap connection, form fit.

In some embodiments, the cross section is a smooth straight surface, a smooth curved surface, or a stepped shape.

In some embodiments, the burn includes an energized region that emits light when energized.

In some embodiments, the human body model is made according to the life size, or is made by reducing the size with reference to the life size, or is made with the same scale with reference to the size of the life.

In some embodiments, the mannequin exaggerates or reduces one or more of a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper extremity, a prosthetic torso, a prosthetic lower extremity, and a prosthetic lower torso. ratio at at least one site.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes a first-degree burn in the form of a block for characterizing a first-degree burn wound, the first-degree burn in the form of a block in a direction generally perpendicular to the skin It includes a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers includes at least the simulation table in the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, the simulated muscle layer, and the simulated bone layer. cortex and pseudodermal papillary layer,

The simulated epidermis is flush red,

The simulated epidermal layer can be uncovered to reveal a simulated papillary dermal layer having a porcelain-white base on which dots are distributed to characterize simulated blood vessels.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes a first-degree burn in cross-section for characterizing a first-degree burn wound, the first-degree burn in cross-section extending in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the skin , to show multiple simulated skin layers, the multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papilla layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated bone layer. At least the simulated epidermal layer and the simulated papillary dermis layer, wherein,

The simulated epidermis layer is flush red, and the simulated dermal papilla layer has a porcelain-white base, and a line-shaped indicator is distributed on the base to characterize the superficial capillary plexus.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes a superficial II degree burn in the form of a mass for characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound, the superficial II degree burn in the form of a mass extending along substantially perpendicular to The direction of the skin includes multiple layers including at least all of the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, the simulated muscle layer, and the simulated bone layer. The simulated epidermis and the simulated papillary dermis are described.

The simulated epidermis is damaged and includes a bulge to characterize blisters, the base of the simulated epidermis is light red and includes a reddish-brown partial area,

The simulated epidermis layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated papillary dermal layer, which includes a line-shaped indicator and a localized brown portion to characterize the damaged capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively.

In some embodiments, the bulge is filled with a translucent gel substance, or is hollow.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes a superficial II degree burn in cross-section for use in characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound, the cross-sectional superficial II degree burn along a direction perpendicular or oblique to the skin extending in the direction of , to show a plurality of simulated skin layers, the multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papilla layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated dermal layer. At least the simulated epidermis layer and the simulated dermal papilla layer in the simulated bone layer, wherein,

The simulated epidermis is damaged and includes a bulge to characterize blisters, the base of the simulated epidermis is light red and includes a reddish-brown partial area,

The simulated papillary dermis layer includes a line-shaped indicator portion and a partial brown portion to characterize the damaged capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively.

In some embodiments, the bulge is filled with a translucent gel substance, or is hollow.

In some embodiments, the manikin includes a deep II degree burn in the form of a block for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound along a substantially perpendicular direction to the The direction of the skin includes multiple layers including at least all of the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, the simulated muscle layer, and the simulated bone layer. The simulated epidermis, the simulated papillary dermis and the simulated dermal reticular layer are described.

The simulated epidermis is broken, the base is red and white, and includes a bulge to characterize blisters,

The simulated epidermis layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated papillary dermal layer, the simulated papillary dermal layer including a branch-like line-like indicator portion and a partial brown portion to characterize the damaged capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively,

The simulated dermal papillary layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated dermal reticular layer, which includes a branch-like line indicator and a localized brown portion to characterize the damaged capillary plexus and the damaged capillary plexus, respectively. organize.

In some embodiments, the bulge is filled with a translucent gel substance, or is hollow.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes a deep II degree burn in cross-section for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound, the cross-sectional deep II degree burn along a direction perpendicular or oblique to the skin extending in the direction of , to show a plurality of simulated skin layers, the multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papilla layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated dermal layer. At least the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer and the simulated dermal mesh layer in the simulated bone layer, wherein,

The simulated epidermal layer includes bulges to characterize blisters,

The base of the simulated papillary dermis includes a red portion to characterize hyperemia and a pale portion to characterize ischemia,

The simulated dermal papillary layer and the simulated dermal mesh layer include a branch-like line-shaped indicator portion and a partial brown portion to characterize the damaged capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively.

In some embodiments, the bulge is filled with a translucent gel substance, or is hollow.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes a third-degree burn in the form of a block for characterizing a third-degree burn wound in a direction generally perpendicular to the skin It includes multiple layers, the multiple layers include at least the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, the simulated muscle layer, and the simulated bone layer. , a papillary dermis layer and a simulated dermal reticular layer, the simulated epidermal layer and/or the dermal papillary layer is formed as a partially pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar,

The simulated epidermal layer and/or the dermal papilla layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated dermal reticular layer, the simulated dermal reticular layer including black mesh or branch-like line indicators and partial brown parts to Damaged blood vessels and damaged tissue were characterized, respectively.

In some embodiments, the plurality of layers further comprise a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated hypodermic tissue layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer being bright yellow to characterize Uninjured adipose tissue, or at least partially dark yellow to characterize damaged adipose tissue.

In some embodiments, the manikin includes a III degree burn in cross-section extending in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the skin for use in characterizing a III degree burn wound , to show multiple simulated skin layers, the multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include the simulated epidermis layer, the dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, the simulated muscle layer, and the simulated bone layer. at least the simulated epidermis layer, the dermal papilla layer and the simulated dermal reticular layer, wherein,

The simulated epidermis layer and/or dermal papilla layer is formed as a partial pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar,

The simulated dermis reticular layer includes a black reticular or dendritic line indication portion and a partial brown portion to characterize damaged blood vessels and damaged tissues, respectively.

In some embodiments, the plurality of simulated skin layers further include a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer that is bright yellow to indicate undamaged adipose tissue, or at least partially dark yellow to indicate damaged fat organize.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes an IV burn in the form of a block for characterizing an IV burn wound in a direction generally perpendicular to the skin It includes multiple layers, the multiple layers include at least the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, the simulated muscle layer, and the simulated bone layer. , dermal papillary layer, simulated dermal mesh layer, simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, simulated fascia layer and simulated muscle layer,

The simulated epidermis layer and/or dermal papilla layer is formed as a partial pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar,

The simulated epidermal layer and/or the dermal papilla layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated dermal reticular layer, the simulated dermal reticular layer including black mesh or branch-like line indicators and partial brown parts to to characterize damaged blood vessels and damaged tissues, respectively,

The simulated dermal mesh layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, and the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer is dark yellow to characterize damaged adipose tissue,

The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated fascia layer, and the simulated fascia layer is dark yellow to characterize the damaged fascia,

The simulated fascia layer can be peeled off to reveal the simulated muscle layer.

In some embodiments, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer includes localized tan and/or burnt black portions to characterize damaged adipose tissue.

In some embodiments, the simulated fascia layer includes localized tan and/or burnt black portions to characterize damaged fascia.

In some embodiments, the simulated muscle layer is charred and charred.

In some embodiments, the simulated muscle layer can be further uncovered to reveal a simulated bone layer that is white or partially charred.

In some embodiments, the manikin includes an IV degree burn in cross-section extending in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the skin for use in characterizing an IV degree burn wound , to show multiple simulated skin layers, the multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include the simulated epidermis layer, the dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, the simulated muscle layer, and the simulated bone layer. at least the simulated epidermis layer, dermal papilla layer, simulated dermal mesh layer, simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, simulated fascia layer and simulated muscle layer,

The simulated epidermis layer and/or dermal papilla layer is formed as a partial pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar,

The simulated dermis reticular layer includes a black reticular or dendritic line indication part and a local brown part to characterize damaged blood vessels and damaged tissues, respectively,

The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer is dark yellow to characterize damaged adipose tissue,

The simulated fascia layer is dark yellow to characterize damaged fascia.

In some embodiments,

the subcutaneous tissue layer includes a localized tan and/or burnt black portion, and/or

The simulated fascia layer includes a partial tan and/or burnt black portion, and/or

The simulated muscle layer is charred, and/or

The simulated bones are white or partially burnt.

In some embodiments, the mannequin further includes a non-burned portion provided on the prosthetic human body in the form of the block and/or the cross-section.

In some embodiments, the unburned portion in the form of a block includes a plurality of simulated skin layers along a direction substantially perpendicular to the skin, and the plurality of simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papilla from outside to inside layer, simulated dermal mesh layer, simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, simulated fascia layer, simulated muscle layer and simulated bone layer, among which,

The simulated skin layer is porcelain white,

The simulated epidermis layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer has a porcelain-white base on which dot-like parts are distributed for characterizing simulated blood vessels,

The simulated dermal papillary layer can be uncovered to reveal a simulated dermal mesh layer having simulated blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerve endings,

The simulated dermal mesh layer can be uncovered to reveal a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer having loose connective tissue and fat,

The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated fascia layer, the simulated fascia layer has dense simulated connective tissue,

The simulated fascia layer can be uncovered to reveal a simulated muscle layer having bundled strips of simulated muscle tissue,

The simulated muscle layer can be uncovered to reveal the simulated bone layer, which appears as a white striped simulated bone.

In some embodiments, the mannequin includes an unburned portion in cross-section extending in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the skin to reveal a plurality of simulated skin layers, the The multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papilla layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated bone layer, wherein,

The simulated skin layer of the section is porcelain white,

The simulated dermal papilla layer of the cross-section includes uneven papillary parts, and the papillary parts contain interlaced lines for characterizing the simulated capillary network and nerve endings,

The simulated dermal reticular layer of the profile includes simulated blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerve endings,

The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer of the profile includes loose simulated connective tissue and fat,

The simulated fascia layer of the profile includes simulated fascia composed of dense simulated connective tissue,

The simulated muscle layer of the profile includes bundled simulated muscle tissue,

The artificial bone layer of the section is presented as a cross section of a white artificial bone.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic body includes a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb, and a prosthetic torso.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic head, the prosthetic neck, the prosthetic upper limb, and the upper prosthetic torso are attached together in a non-removable or removable manner.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic body includes a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb, a prosthetic upper torso, a prosthetic lower torso, and a prosthetic lower limb.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic head, the prosthetic neck, the upper prosthetic limb, the upper prosthetic torso, the lower prosthetic torso, and the lower prosthetic limb are attached together in a non-removable or removable manner.

The present disclosure also relates to a mannequin with a burn, the manikin comprising:

a prosthetic human body comprising at least one of a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb and a prosthetic upper torso, a prosthetic lower torso and a prosthetic lower limb;

One or more burns are provided on the prosthetic body in the form of surface topographic regions having a different morphology relative to surrounding normal regions on the surface of the prosthetic body.

In some embodiments, the morphology includes one or more of color, pattern, shape, and hardness.

In some embodiments, the burn includes an energized region that emits light when energized.

In some embodiments, the human body model is made according to the life size, or is made by reducing the size with reference to the life size, or is made with the same scale with reference to the size of the life.

In some embodiments, the mannequin exaggerates or reduces one or more of a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper extremity, a prosthetic torso, a prosthetic lower extremity, and a prosthetic lower torso. ratio at at least one site.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises a first degree burn in the form of a topographic area for characterizing a first degree burn wound, the first degree burn in the form of a topographic area having a flushed surface.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises a superficial second degree burn in the form of a superficial topographic zone for characterizing a superficial second degree burn wound, the superficial second degree burn in the form of a superficial topographic zone having a damaged surface and including bulges to characterize simulated blisters, the shallow II degree burns in the form of superficial morphological areas have a reddish base and include reddish-brown partial areas.

In some embodiments, the bulge is hollow, or the bulge is filled with a translucent gel substance.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises a deep II degree burn in the form of a superficial topographic area for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound, the surface of the deep II degree burn in the form of a topographic area being damaged The deep II degree burns in the form of superficial morphological areas have a red-and-white morphology at the base and include a bulge to characterize a simulated blister.

In some embodiments, the bulge is hollow, or the bulge is filled with a translucent gel substance.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises a third degree burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone for characterizing a wound of a third degree burn, the surface of the third degree burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone is formed to appear locally pale The brownish-yellow translucent eschar, through which a black mesh-like or branch-like line-like indicator can be seen, is used to characterize the damaged blood vessels.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises an IV burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone for characterizing an IV degree burn wound, the surface of the IV burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone is formed to appear locally pale The brownish-yellow translucent eschar, through which a black mesh-like or branch-like line-like indicator can be seen, is used to characterize the damaged blood vessels.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises an acid burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone for characterizing an acid burn wound, the acid burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone forming a brown-black crust, The surface of the acid burn in the form of a surface morphology area is intact and formed as an inwardly concave depression, which is deeper in the center and gradually transitions to the edge.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises an alkali burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone for characterizing an alkali burn wound, the alkali burn in the form of a superficial morphological zone having a flushed appearance, lack of epidermis, and A recessed portion is formed as an inwardly recessed portion.

In some embodiments, the burn comprises an electrical burn in the form of a topographic area for characterizing an electrical burn wound, the electrical burn in the form of a topographic area having an off-white appearance with a red band around it The portion of the electrical burn in the form of a superficial morphological area is depressed in the center to characterize the hyperemic zone, and bulged locally and around to characterize the swollen state.

In some embodiments, the electrical burn in the form of surface topographic regions is locally carbon black.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic body includes a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb, and a prosthetic torso.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic head, the prosthetic neck, the prosthetic upper limb, and the upper prosthetic torso are attached together in a non-removable or removable manner.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic body includes a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb, a prosthetic upper torso, a prosthetic lower torso, and a prosthetic lower limb.

In some embodiments, the prosthetic head, the prosthetic neck, the upper prosthetic limb, the upper prosthetic torso, the lower prosthetic torso, and the lower prosthetic limb are attached together in a non-removable or removable manner.

Additional features and advantages of the subject technology of the present disclosure will be set forth in the description that follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the subject technology of the present disclosure. The advantages of the subject technology of the present disclosure will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the technology of the claimed subject matter of the present disclosure.

Description of drawings

Aspects of the present disclosure will be better understood after reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a mannequin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 2 shows one embodiment of the unburned portion in the form of a block;

Figure 3 shows one embodiment of the unburned portion in cross-section;

Figure 4 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface morphology area for characterizing a first degree burn wound;

Figure 5 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a block for characterizing a first degree burn wound;

Figure 6 shows one embodiment of a burn in section for characterizing a first degree burn wound;

Figure 7 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface morphology area for characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound;

Figure 8 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a mass for characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound;

Figure 9 shows one embodiment of a burn in cross-section for characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound;

Figure 10 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface morphology area for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound;

Figure 11 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a mass used to characterize a deep II degree burn wound;

Figure 12 shows one embodiment of a burn in cross-section for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound;

Figure 13 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface morphology area for characterizing a third degree burn wound;

Figure 14 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a mass for characterizing a third degree burn wound;

Figure 15 shows one embodiment of a burn in cross-section for characterizing a third degree burn wound;

Figure 16 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface morphology area used to characterize a fourth degree burn wound;

Figure 17 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a lump for characterizing a wound of a fourth degree burn;

Figure 18 shows one embodiment of a burn in cross-section for characterizing a fourth degree burn wound;

Figure 19 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface morphology area for characterizing an acid burn wound;

Figure 20 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface morphology area for characterizing an alkali burn wound;

Figure 21 shows one embodiment of a burn in the form of a surface topographic area for characterizing an electrical burn wound.

Detailed ways

The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the disclosure. It should be understood, however, that this disclosure may be presented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below; Those skilled in the art will fully explain the protection scope of the present disclosure. It should also be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide still further embodiments.

Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure without materially departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all changes and modifications are included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. The disclosure is defined by the appended claims, with equivalents of the claims to be included.

FIG. 1 illustrates a mannequin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This mannequin is used to show various examples of burn wounds (eg during teaching). As shown, the mannequin includes a prosthetic human body 1 . The prosthetic body 1 has a prosthetic head 2 , a prosthetic neck 3 , a prosthetic upper limb 4 , and a prosthetic upper torso 5 connected together. The prosthetic head 2 , the prosthetic neck 3 , the prosthetic upper limb 4 and the prosthetic upper torso 5 may be fixed together in a non-removable manner, or formed in one piece. In some embodiments, the prosthetic head 2 , the prosthetic neck 3 , the prosthetic upper torso 5 and the prosthetic upper limb 4 can also be displaceable by magnetic attraction, adhesive, screw connection, snap connection, form fit, etc. connected together.

The human body model can be made according to the real size, or can be made by proportional reduction or proportional enlargement with reference to the real size. In some embodiments, the mannequin may exaggerate or reduce the proportions of parts of the prosthetic head 2, the prosthetic neck 3, the prosthetic upper limb 4, and the prosthetic upper torso 5 to better illustrate the burn wound .

The manikin may include one or more burns. Burns can characterize a burned body part and include, for example, skin models for first degree burn wounds, skin models for superficial second degree burn wounds, skin models for deep second degree burn wounds, skin models for third degree burn wounds, fourth degree burn wounds The skin model of the acid burn wound, the skin model of the alkali burn wound, the skin model of the electrical burn wound, etc. In some embodiments, the manikin may also include an unburned portion. Unburned parts can be used to characterize unburned normal body parts and include unburned normal skin models. The unburned portion and the burnt portion of the mannequin may be provided on one or more of the prosthetic head 2 , the prosthetic neck 3 , the prosthetic upper limb 4 and the prosthetic upper torso 5 .

In the first embodiment according to the present disclosure, the unburned part and the burned part may be formed as lumps having a certain thickness. The blocks can be filled into the surface recesses of the prosthetic body and removably attached to the surface recesses by magnetic attraction, adhesive, screw connection, snap connection, form fit, or the like. The shape of the block may be a cylinder (eg, a cuboid, a cube, a cylinder, etc.), a cone (eg, a cone, a frustum, etc.), a hemisphere, or any suitable shape. The block may have top and side surfaces. The top surface can show the color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc. of normal skin or burnt skin on the body surface, while the side surface can show the color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc. of normal skin or burnt skin at different depths from the body surface to the body.

The block may include a plurality of separable layers cut in a direction generally parallel to the skin to simulate the layered structure of human skin. The detachable layers can be stacked together in a direction generally perpendicular to the skin, and can be bonded to each other with a rebondable adhesive, so that the layers can be easily peeled off and easily was re-bonded. Each separable layer, when peeled off, can individually reveal the color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc. of a single layer of normal skin or burnt skin. In some embodiments, the detachable layers can also be connected by other removable connection methods (eg, snap connection, form fit, etc.), so that the various layers can be easily removed, and can be easily is connected again. The individual separable layers may each have a different base color to distinguish them from each other.

The plurality of separable layers stacked in a direction perpendicular to the skin may include a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papilla layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated bone layer one or more of the.

In some embodiments, the block may also include a plurality of separable layers that are cut in a direction generally perpendicular to the skin or cut diagonally to the skin. Each separable layer can exhibit different depths of color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc. of normal skin or burnt skin from the body surface to the body. The various separable layers may be stacked together in a direction generally parallel to the skin or diagonally to the skin, and may be removably connected together by magnetic attraction, adhesive bonding, snap connection, form fit, or the like.

In the second embodiment according to the present disclosure, the unburned part and the burned part may be formed as sections on certain parts of the mannequin. The section cuts the prosthetic head, prosthetic neck, prosthetic upper limb and/or upper prosthetic torso into two separate parts, and the two parts can be magnetically attracted, glued, screwed, snapped, form-fit, etc. way to be removably connected together. The profile may extend in a direction perpendicular to the skin, or it may extend in a direction oblique to the skin. Sections can show the color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc. of different depths from the surface to the body of normal skin or burnt skin. The section can be smooth, straight or cambered, or stepped.

The cross-section may present multiple layers of simulated skin. In some embodiments, the plurality of simulated skin layers include one of a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papillary layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated muscle layer, and a simulated bone layer or more. In some embodiments, the various simulated skin layers may each have a different base color to distinguish them from each other.

In a third embodiment according to the present disclosure, the burn portion may also be a surface morphology area provided on the surface of the prosthetic body, the surface morphology area having a different shape relative to the surrounding normal area on the surface of the prosthetic body, For example, with different colors, patterns, shapes, hardness, etc.

Various embodiments of the unburned portion and the burned portion will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 shows one embodiment of the unburned portion 101 in the form of a block. The unburned portion 101 in the form of a block is adapted to be removably filled into a surface depression of the prosthetic body 1 . The unburned portion 101 includes a plurality of simulated skin layers cut in a direction substantially parallel to the skin. The multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer 1011 , a simulated dermal papilla layer 1012 , a simulated dermal mesh layer 1013 , a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 1014 , a simulated fascia layer 1015 , a simulated muscle layer 1016 and a simulated bone layer 1017 from the outside to the inside. Wait. In the assembled block, the pseudo-skin layer 1011 at the outermost part is porcelain white. The block after peeling off the simulated epidermis layer 1011 reveals the simulated dermal papilla layer 1012, which has a porcelain-white base on which dot-like parts are distributed, and the dot-like parts are used to represent the simulated blood vessels. The block after peeling off the simulated dermal papilla layer 1012 reveals the simulated dermal mesh layer 1013, which has simulated blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerve endings. The mass after peeling off the simulated dermal mesh layer 1013 reveals a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 1014 with loose simulated connective tissue and fat. The mass after peeling off the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 1014 reveals the simulated fascia layer 1015, which has dense simulated connective tissue. The block after peeling off the simulated fascia layer 1015 reveals the simulated muscle layer 1016, which has bundled strips of simulated muscle tissue. The block after peeling off the simulated muscle layer 1017 reveals the simulated bone layer 1017, which appears as a white strip-shaped simulated bone.

FIG. 3 shows one embodiment of the unburned portion 102 in cross-section. The section can extend in a direction generally perpendicular or oblique to the skin to reveal multiple simulated skin layers. The multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer 1021 , a simulated dermal papilla layer 1022 , a simulated dermal mesh layer 1023 , a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 1024 , a simulated fascia layer 1025 , a simulated muscle layer 1026 and a simulated bone layer 1027 . The pseudo-skin layer 1021 of this section is porcelain white. The simulated dermal papillary layer 1022 of this cross-section includes uneven papillary portions containing interlaced lines for characterizing the simulated capillary network and nerve endings. In some embodiments, arteries and veins in the simulated capillary network may be distinguished by red and blue lines. The simulated dermal mesh layer 1023 of this section includes simulated blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerve endings. The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 1024 of this profile includes loose simulated connective tissue and fat. The simulated fascia layer 1025 of this section includes simulated fascia composed of dense simulated connective tissue. The profiled simulated muscle layer 1026 includes bundles of simulated muscle tissue. The artificial bone layer 1027 of this section appears as a cross-section of a white artificial bone.

It will be appreciated that in the embodiment in block form of FIG. 2 , the side surfaces of the block may present one or more of the multiple simulated skin layers in the embodiment in cross-section of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 4 shows one embodiment of a burn portion 201 in the form of a surface topography area for characterizing a first degree burn wound. In this embodiment, the surface at the burn portion 201 of the mannequin is flushed to characterize a first degree burn wound.

Figure 5 illustrates one embodiment of a burn 202 for characterizing a first degree burn wound in the form of a block adapted to be removably filled into a prosthetic body 1 in the surface depression. In this embodiment, burn 202 includes one or more simulated skin layers cut in a direction generally parallel to the skin. The outermost simulated skin layer 2021 is flushed red. The simulated epidermis layer 2021 can be uncovered to reveal the underlying simulated dermal papilla layer 2022, which has a porcelain-white base on which dots are distributed to represent simulated blood vessels. Optionally, the burn part 202 may also have a simulated dermal papilla layer 2022, and/or a simulated dermal mesh layer 2023, and/or a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2024, and/or a simulated fascia layer 2025, and/or simulated muscles layer 2026, and/or a simulated bone layer 2027, and the morphology (eg, color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc.) of these layers is the same as the corresponding layers of the block shown in FIG.

Figure 6 shows one embodiment of a burn portion 203 in cross-section for characterizing a first degree burn wound. The section can extend perpendicular or oblique to the skin to expose multiple simulated skin layers. The multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer 2031, a simulated dermal papilla layer 2032, a simulated dermal mesh layer 2033, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 2034, a simulated fascia layer 2035, a simulated muscle layer 2036, and a simulated bone layer 2037. At least the simulated epidermis layer 2031 and the simulated dermal papilla layer 2032. The simulated skin layer 2031 of this section is flushed red. The simulated papillary dermal layer 2032 of this section has a porcelain white base and includes line-shaped indicators for characterizing the superficial capillary plexus. In the case where the plurality of simulated skin layers include other layers, the morphology (such as color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc.) of the simulated dermal mesh layer 2033 and the following layers in this section is the same as that of the section shown in FIG. 3 . The corresponding layers are the same.

It will be appreciated that in the embodiment in block form of FIG. 5 , the side surfaces of the block may exhibit one or more of the multiple simulated skin layers in the embodiment in cross-section of FIG. 6 .

FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of a burn 301 in the form of a surface topography area for characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound. In this embodiment, the top surface of the mannequin at the burn 301 is broken and includes a bulge 3011 to characterize a simulated blister. The base of the burn portion 301 is reddish and includes a reddish-brown partial area. In some embodiments, the bulge is 3011 hollow. In some embodiments, the bulge 3011 is filled with a translucent gel substance.

FIG. 8 shows one embodiment of a burn 302 in the form of a block suitable for removably filling a prosthesis for use in characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound in the surface depression of the human body 1 . In this embodiment, burn 302 includes a plurality of simulated skin layers cut in a direction generally parallel to the skin. The outermost simulated skin layer 3021 is broken and includes bulges 3028 to characterize simulated blisters. The base of the simulated skin layer 3021 is light red and includes a reddish-brown partial area. In some embodiments, the bulge 3028 is hollow. In some embodiments, the bulge 3028 is filled with a translucent gel substance. The simulated epidermal layer 3021 can be uncovered to reveal the underlying simulated papillary dermal layer 3022, which includes a line-shaped indicator portion and a partial brown portion to characterize capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively. Optionally, the simulated dermal papilla layer 3022 can be further uncovered to reveal the simulated dermal mesh layer 3023 . Optionally, the burn part 302 may also have a simulated dermal mesh layer 3023, and/or a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 3024, and/or a simulated fascia layer 3025, and/or a simulated muscle layer 3026, and/or a simulated bone layer 3027, and the morphology of these layers (eg, color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc.) is the same as the corresponding layers of the block shown in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 9 shows one embodiment of a burn portion 303 in cross-section for characterizing a superficial II degree burn wound. The section can extend in a direction perpendicular or oblique to the skin to expose a plurality of simulated skin layers, the multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer 3031, a simulated dermal papilla layer 3032, a simulated dermal mesh layer 3033, The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 3034 , the simulated fascia layer 3035 , the simulated muscle layer 3036 and the simulated bone layer 3037 at least the simulated epidermis layer 3031 and the simulated dermal papilla layer 3032 . The dummy skin 3031 layer of this cross section has a bulge 3038 formed thereon. The simulated papillary dermal layer 3032 of this cross-section includes line indicators and localized brown areas to characterize the capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively. In the case where the plurality of simulated skin layers include other layers, the morphology (such as color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc.) of the simulated dermal mesh layer 3033 and the following layers in this section is the same as the corresponding layer in the section shown in FIG. 3 . same.

It will be appreciated that in the embodiment in block form of FIG. 8 , the side surfaces of the block may exhibit one or more of the multiple simulated skin layers in the embodiment in cross-section of FIG. 9 .

Figure 10 shows one embodiment of a burn 401 in the form of a surface topographic area for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound. In this embodiment, the surface of the burn part 401 of the mannequin is damaged, including a bulge 4011 to represent the simulated blisters, and the base of the burn part 401 is partially red and white. In some embodiments, the bulge 4011 is hollow. In some embodiments, the bulge 4011 is filled with a translucent gel substance.

FIG. 11 shows one embodiment of a burn 402 for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound in the form of a block adapted to be removably filled into a prosthesis in the surface depression of the human body 1 . In this embodiment, burn 402 includes multiple simulated skin layers cut in a direction generally parallel to the skin. The outermost simulated epidermis layer 4021 is in a damaged shape, the base is partially red and white, and includes a bulge 4028 to represent the simulated blisters. In some embodiments, the bulge 4028 is hollow. In some embodiments, the raised portion 4028 is filled with a translucent gel substance. The simulated epidermis layer 4021 can be peeled off to reveal the underlying simulated dermal papilla layer 4022, which includes a branch-like line indicator and a partial brown portion to characterize damaged capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively . The simulated dermal papilla layer 4022 can be further uncovered to reveal the simulated dermal mesh layer 4023, which is similar to the simulated papillary layer 4022 and includes a branch-like line-like indicator portion and a partial brown portion for characterizing the affected area, respectively. Damaged capillary plexus and damaged tissue. Optionally, the simulated dermal mesh layer 4023 can be further uncovered to reveal the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 4024 . Optionally, the burn portion 402 may also have a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 4024, and/or a fascia layer 4025, and/or a muscle layer 4026, and/or a bone layer 4027, and the morphology of these layers (such as color, pattern, shape and hardness, etc.) are the same as the corresponding layers of the block shown in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 12 shows one embodiment of a burn portion 403 in cross-section for characterizing a deep II degree burn wound. The section can extend perpendicular or oblique to the skin to expose multiple simulated skin layers. The multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include a simulated epidermis layer 4031, a simulated dermal papilla layer 4032, a simulated dermal mesh layer 4033, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 4034, a simulated fascia layer 4035, a simulated muscle layer 4036, and a simulated bone layer 4037. At least the simulated epidermis layer 4031 , the simulated dermal papilla layer 4032 and the simulated dermal mesh layer 4033 . The simulated epidermal layer 4031 of this section includes a bulge 4038 for characterizing a simulated blister. The base of the simulated papillary dermal layer 4032 of this section includes red portions to characterize hyperemia and/or pale portions to characterize ischemia, and dendritic line indicators and localized brown portions to characterize damaged capillaries, respectively Vascular plexus and damaged tissue. Similar to the simulated dermal papilla layer 4032, the simulated dermal mesh layer 4033 of this cross-section includes a branch-like line indicator and a localized brown portion to characterize the damaged capillary plexus and damaged tissue, respectively. In the case where the plurality of simulated skin layers include other layers, the morphology (such as color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc.) of the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 4034 and the following layers of this section is the same as the corresponding layers of the section shown in FIG. 3 . .

It will be appreciated that in the block-form embodiment of FIG. 11 , the side surfaces of the block may exhibit one or more of the multiple simulated skin layers in the cross-sectional embodiment of FIG. 12 .

Figure 13 shows one embodiment of a burn 501 in the form of a surface morphology area for characterizing a third degree burn wound. In this embodiment, the surface at the burn 501 of the mannequin is formed as a partially pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar. The texture of the eschar is tough, and a black mesh-like or branch-like line-like indicator 5011 can be seen through the eschar, which is used to characterize the damaged blood vessel.

Figure 14 shows one embodiment of a burn 502 for characterizing a third degree burn wound in the form of a block adapted to be removably filled into a prosthetic body 1 in the surface depression. In this embodiment, burn 502 includes multiple simulated skin layers cut in a direction generally parallel to the skin. The outermost pseudoepidermal layer and dermal papilla layer 5021 have no clear boundaries and are formed as partially pale brownish-yellow translucent eschars. The eschar portion is tough in texture. The simulated epidermis layer and/or dermal papilla layer 5021 can be uncovered to reveal the underlying simulated dermal mesh layer 5022, which includes black mesh or branch-like line-like indicators to characterize damaged blood vessels . This layer also includes a localized brown portion to characterize simulated damaged tissue. The simulated damaged tissue may include simulated hair follicles, sweat glands, and the like. In some embodiments, the simulated dermal mesh layer 5022 can be further uncovered to reveal a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 5023, and the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 5023 is bright yellow to characterize undamaged adipose tissue, or wherein At least a portion is dark yellow to characterize damaged adipose tissue. Optionally, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 5023 can be further uncovered to reveal the simulated fascia layer 5024 . Optionally, the burn part 502 may also have a simulated fascia layer 5024, and/or a simulated muscle layer 5025, and/or a simulated bone layer 5026, and the morphology (eg, color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc.) of these layers is related to the The corresponding layers of the block shown in Figure 2 are the same.

Figure 15 shows one embodiment of a burn 503 in cross-section for characterizing a third degree burn wound. The section can extend perpendicular or oblique to the skin to expose multiple simulated skin layers. The multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include at least all of the simulated epidermis layer, the dermal papilla layer 5031, the simulated dermal mesh layer 5032, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 5033, the simulated fascia layer 5034, the simulated muscle layer 5035 and the simulated bone layer 5036. The simulated epidermis layer, the dermal papilla layer 5031 and the simulated dermal mesh layer 5032 are described. The simulated epidermis layer and dermal papilla layer 5031 of this section have no clear boundaries, and are formed as a partially pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar, which is tough in texture. The simulated dermal mesh layer 5032 of this cross-section has mesh-like or branch-like line-like indications and partial brown portions to characterize damaged blood vessels and damaged tissues, respectively. The simulated damaged tissue may include simulated hair follicles, sweat glands, and the like. Optionally, the section further includes a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 5033, and the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 5033 of the section is bright yellow to indicate an undamaged state. Optionally, at least a part of the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 5033 of the cross-section is dark yellow to indicate a damaged state, and the remaining part is bright yellow to indicate an undamaged state. In the case where the plurality of simulated skin layers include other layers, the morphology (eg, color, pattern, shape, hardness, etc.) of the simulated fascia layer 5034 and the following layers is the same as the corresponding layers of the cross-section shown in FIG. 3 .

It will be appreciated that in the embodiment in block form of FIG. 14 , the side surfaces of the block may exhibit one or more of the multiple simulated skin layers in the embodiment in cross-section of FIG. 15 .

Figure 16 shows one embodiment of a burn 601 in the form of a surface topography area for characterizing a fourth degree burn wound. In this embodiment, the surface at the burned portion 601 of the mannequin is formed as a partially pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar, which is tough in texture. Through the eschar, a black mesh-like or branch-like line-like indicator 6011 can be seen, which is used to characterize the damaged blood vessel.

Figure 17 shows one embodiment of a burn 602 for use in characterizing a fourth degree burn wound in the form of a block adapted to be removably filled into a prosthetic body 1 in the surface depression. In this embodiment, burn 602 includes multiple simulated skin layers cut in a direction generally parallel to the skin. The outermost pseudo-epidermal layer and the dermal papilla layer 6021 have no clear boundaries, and form a partially pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar with a tough texture. The simulated epidermis layer and/or dermal papilla layer 6021 can be uncovered to reveal the underlying simulated dermal mesh layer 6022, which includes black mesh or branch-like line-like indicators to characterize damaged blood vessels . This layer also includes a localized brown portion to characterize simulated damaged tissue. The simulated damaged tissue may include simulated hair follicles, sweat glands, and the like. The simulated dermal mesh layer 6022 can be further uncovered to reveal the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6023, and the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6023 is dark yellow to represent damaged adipose tissue. Optionally, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6023 includes localized tan and/or burnt black portions to characterize damaged adipose tissue. In some embodiments, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6023 can be further uncovered to reveal the simulated fascia layer 6024, and the simulated fascia layer 6024 is dark yellow to indicate damaged fascia. In some embodiments, the simulated fascia layer 6024 includes localized tan and/or burnt black portions. In some embodiments, the simulated fascia layer 6024 can be uncovered to reveal the simulated muscle layer 6025. In some embodiments, the simulated muscle layer 6025 is charred black. Optionally, the simulated muscle layer 6025 can be further uncovered to reveal the simulated bone layer 6026 . In embodiments where the simulated muscle layer 6025 can be uncovered, the simulated bone 6026 is the same as the bone layer in the unburned portion, or partially charred.

Figure 18 shows one embodiment of a burn 603 in cross-section for characterizing a fourth degree burn wound. The section can extend perpendicular or oblique to the skin to expose multiple simulated skin layers. The multiple simulated skin layers sequentially include at least all of the simulated epidermis layer, the dermal papilla layer 6031, the simulated dermal mesh layer 6032, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6033, the simulated fascia layer 6034, the simulated muscle layer 6035 and the simulated bone layer 6036. The simulated epidermis layer, the dermal papilla layer 6031, the simulated dermal mesh layer 6032, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6033, the simulated fascia layer 6034 and the simulated muscle layer 6035 are described. The simulated epidermis layer and the dermal papilla layer 6031 of this section have no clear boundaries, and are formed as a partially pale brownish-yellow translucent eschar, which is tough in texture. The simulated dermal mesh layer 6032 of this cross-section includes black mesh or branch-like line-shaped indicators for characterizing damaged blood vessels. This layer also includes a localized brown portion to characterize simulated damaged tissue. The simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6033 of this section is dark yellow to characterize damaged adipose tissue. The simulated fascia layer 6034 of this section is dark yellow to characterize damaged fascia. The simulated muscle layer 6035 of this section is burnt black to characterize the charred muscle. Optionally, the simulated damaged tissue includes simulated hair follicles and/or sweat glands. Optionally, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer 6033 of this section includes partial tan and/or burnt black to characterize damaged adipose tissue. Optionally, the simulated fascia layer 6034 of the cross-section includes local brown and/or burnt black portions to represent damaged fascia. Optionally, the plurality of simulated skin layers further include a simulated bone layer 6036, and a part of the simulated bone layer 6036 is burnt black to represent damaged bones, or is the same as the simulated bone layer in the unburned part.

It will be appreciated that in the embodiment in block form of FIG. 17 , the side surfaces of the block may exhibit one or more of the multiple simulated skin layers in the embodiment in cross-section of FIG. 18 .

Figure 19 shows one embodiment of a burn 701 in the form of surface topographical regions for characterizing an acid burn wound. In this embodiment, the burned part 701 of the mannequin is formed as a brown-black crust, and the crust is tough. The surface of the burn portion 701 is complete, and is formed as a concave portion concave inward. The central portion of the recessed portion is deep and gradually transitions to the edge portion.

Figure 20 shows one embodiment of a burn 801 in the form of surface topographical regions for characterizing an alkali burn wound. In this embodiment, the appearance at the burn 801 of the mannequin is flushed and the epidermis is missing. The burn portion 801 is formed as a recessed portion that is recessed inward.

Figure 21 shows one embodiment of a burn 901 in the form of a surface topographic area for characterizing an electrical burn wound. In this embodiment, the appearance of the burn portion 901 of the mannequin is off-white with a red band around it to characterize the hyperemic band. Optionally, a part of the burned part 901 is carbon black. The center of the burn part 901 is concave, and the part and the periphery of the burn part 901 are bulged to indicate the swelling state.

In some embodiments, a model containing various forms of simulated burns may also include various forms of unburned parts. In some embodiments, the human body model may include a skin model of normal skin, a skin model of a first degree burn wound, a skin model of a superficial second degree burn wound, a skin model of a deep second degree burn wound, and a skin model of a third degree burn wound , one or more embodiments of each of a fourth degree burn wound, a skin model of an acid burn wound, a skin model of an alkali burn wound, a skin model of an electrical burn wound.

In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, the skin layer to the muscle layer of the mannequin are made of elastic materials such as thermoplastic elastomer material (eg, soft PVC) or silicone rubber, and can be distinguished by different colors in the simulated skin. each layer. A simulated bone can be made, for example, of a hard material such as plastic, metal or ceramic.

In an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the burn may include an area capable of being energized, and the area emits light when energized to indicate the highlighted area.

In an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the prosthetic human body 1 of the mannequin includes a prosthetic head 2 , a prosthetic neck 3 , a prosthetic upper limb 4 , and a prosthetic upper torso 5 . In some embodiments, the prosthetic body may further include a prosthetic lower torso 6 and a prosthetic lower limb 7 (see FIG. 1 ), and the unburned part and the burned part may be provided on the prosthesis head 2 , the prosthesis neck 3 , On one or more of the prosthetic upper limb 4 and the prosthetic upper torso 5 , the prosthetic lower torso 6 and the prosthetic lower limb 7 . In some embodiments, the prosthetic body 1 may include only one of a prosthetic head 2 , a prosthetic neck 3 , a prosthetic upper limb 4 and a prosthetic upper torso 5 , a prosthetic lower torso 6 and a prosthetic lower limb 7 , or A plurality of, and the unburned part and the burned part can be provided thereon.

The human body model according to the present disclosure can intuitively present human skin manifestations in various burn situations, thereby helping medical staff to clearly identify and understand various burn situations, thereby improving the work quality of medical staff.

Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure without materially departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all changes and modifications are included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. The disclosure is defined by the appended claims, with equivalents of the claims to be included.

Claims (10)

1. a human body model with burn part, is characterized in that, described human body model comprises: a prosthetic human body comprising at least one of a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, a prosthetic upper limb and a prosthetic upper torso, a prosthetic lower torso and a prosthetic lower limb; One or more burns provided on the prosthetic body in the form of blocks and/or profiles, wherein the blocks are configured to removably fill into surface depressions of the prosthetic body part, wherein the cross-section is configured to divide the prosthetic body into two parts that are removably connected together. 2. The manikin of claim 1, wherein the burn in the form of a block has a top surface and a side surface, wherein the top surface is configured to exhibit the morphology of the burn on the body surface, and /or the side surfaces are configured to exhibit the morphology of the burn at different depths from the body surface to the body. 3. The mannequin according to claim 2, wherein the form comprises one or more of color, pattern, shape and hardness. 4. The manikin of claim 1, wherein the burn in the form of a block is configured to be removably filled by magnetic attraction, adhesive, screw connection, snap connection or form fit to the surface depression. 5. The manikin of claim 1, wherein the burn in the form of a mass comprises a plurality of separable simulated skin layers stacked together in a direction generally perpendicular to the skin. 6. The human body model according to claim 5, wherein the multiple simulated skin layers are bonded by a re-adhesive adhesive, and/or the multiple simulated skin layers are connected by snaps and/or the multiple simulated skin layers are connected by a form fit, and/or the multiple simulated skin layers are connected by a magnetic fit. 7. The mannequin according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of simulated skin layers have different base colors. 8. The human body model according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of simulated skin layers comprises a simulated epidermis layer, a simulated dermal papilla layer, a simulated dermal mesh layer, a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, a simulated fascia layer, a simulated One or more of a muscle layer and a simulated bone layer. 9 . The human body model according to claim 8 , wherein the simulated epidermis layer, the simulated dermal papilla layer, the simulated dermal mesh layer, the simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, the simulated fascia layer, and the simulated muscle layer are made of elastomer materials. 10 . , the bone layer is made of hard material. 10. The mannequin according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the burn in the form of a block is a cylinder, a cone or a hemisphere.

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