CN111692229A

CN111692229A - Automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism of flywheel and using method

Info

Publication number: CN111692229A
Application number: CN202010512310.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 常强; 龙满生; 林武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-08
Filing date: 2020-06-08
Publication date: 2020-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-08
Also published as: CN111692229B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism of a flywheel, which is characterized by comprising a bottom plate, the flywheel, a shaft, a movable toothed disc and a static toothed disc, wherein the flywheel is assembled on the shaft by a bearing, the bearing is axially positioned, the static toothed disc is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the flywheel and forms a concentric body with the flywheel, the movable toothed disc is sleeved on the shaft and is in key connection, the excircle of the movable toothed disc is provided with an annular groove, a thin cylinder, an elastic bracket and a vertical pin are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the head section of a piston rod of the thin cylinder is movably connected with one end of a swing rod, the middle section of the swing rod is movably connected with the vertical pin, the other end of the swing rod is assembled with a roller which can extend into the annular groove of the movable toothed disc, one side of the elastic bracket is assembled with an electric suction cup which is parallel to the end surface of the flywheel, and the opposite end surfaces of the movable toothed disc and the static toothed disc are provided with rectangular teeth, the flywheel can have various working states, and N flywheels can be arranged on one shaft, so that the clutch of one shaft and multiple flywheels is realized.

Description

Automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism of flywheel and using method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mechanical structure capable of automatically clutching between a flywheel and a shaft, in particular to an automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism which uses a thin air cylinder commonly used in the market to drive the clutching between the flywheel and the shaft and a small electric sucker to adsorb the flywheel in different modes.

Background

The flywheel serves to increase the rotational inertia of the shaft and to stabilize the rotational speed of the shaft, and is typically fixedly mounted on and co-rotating with the shaft. However, in some cases, the flywheel may rotate with the shaft, may be stationary to allow the shaft to idle, and may automatically change the state of rotation or non-rotation of the flywheel, which requires a bearing and an automatic clutch mechanism between the flywheel and the shaft. The existing flywheel automatic clutch mechanism available in the mechanical manufacturing industry is only an electromagnetic clutch. However, the electromagnetic clutch, whether friction type or jaw type, is too high in price, complex in structure, inconvenient to use, large in self-moment of inertia (like a small flywheel), especially poor in overload resistance, and not suitable for strong impact rotary kinetic energy generated by the fact that a transmission flywheel stops rotating due to shaft accidents, so that the electromagnetic clutch is not ideal for automatic clutch of the flywheel, but has no choice.

Inner appearance of the invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rectangular tooth-embedded clutch with a properly enlarged tooth gap, and the automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism is characterized in that a thin cylinder drives the clutch through a swing rod and an electric sucker adsorbs a flywheel in different modes, and a using method of the automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism can realize reliable automatic clutch no matter whether the flywheel is large or small. Namely, the invention provides a flywheel which is controlled by a circuit and utilizes a thin cylinder and an electric sucker to realize that the flywheel does not rotate or idles along with the shaft in the separation process of a movable chain wheel and a static chain wheel which are assembled on the shaft and the flywheel and are provided with large-tooth-gap rectangular teeth; in the process of jointing the movable gear plate and the fixed gear plate, the automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism of the flywheel is realized, wherein the flywheel does not rotate at the beginning and only rotates along with the shaft after jointing.

The automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism of the flywheel of the invention should simultaneously have the following functions: when the shaft starts to rotate at a low speed, the clutch can be quickly separated, and the flywheel can not rotate along with the shaft and can also idle along with the shaft according to different requirements in the separation process and after separation; and secondly, when the shaft starts to rotate at a low speed, the flywheel cannot rotate along with the shaft at the moment when the clutch starts to be engaged, and the flywheel can rotate along with the shaft after the clutch is engaged.

The invention relates to an automatic clutch mechanism of a flywheel, which comprises a bottom plate, the flywheel, a shaft, a movable chain wheel and a static chain wheel, wherein the movable chain wheel and the static chain wheel are provided with rectangular teeth, the flywheel is assembled on the shaft by a bearing, the bearing is axially positioned, the static chain wheel is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the flywheel and forms a concentric body with the flywheel, the movable chain wheel is sleeved on the shaft and is in key connection with the shaft, the excircle of the movable chain wheel is provided with an annular groove, a thin cylinder, an elastic bracket and a vertical pin are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the flat head section of a piston rod of the thin cylinder is movably connected with one end of a swing rod, the middle section of the swing rod is movably connected with the vertical pin, the other end of the swing rod is assembled with a roller which can extend into the annular groove of the movable chain wheel, one surface of the elastic bracket is assembled with an electric suction cup which is parallel to the end surface of the flywheel, the rectangular teeth are arranged on the opposite end surfaces of the movable, rectangular teeth on the movable chain wheel and the static chain wheel can realize the non-rotation of a shaft rotating flywheel and the rotation of the flywheel along with the shaft in the process of jointing and separating through circuit control.

Furthermore, the rectangular interdental space of the rectangular teeth after the movable chain wheel and the static chain wheel are jointed is 4-7 degrees of the circular plane radian of the chain wheel, and the interdental space is a large interdental space.

The invention relates to a using method of an automatic clutch mechanism of a flywheel, which comprises the following steps:

and (3) clutch separation: when the shaft starts to rotate at a low speed, the relay J is not attracted, two groups of contacts of Ja and Jb are in a normally closed state, the normally closed contact of Ja directly connects the electric sucker with a direct current power supply, the electric sucker generates attraction force to overcome the elastic force of the elastic support and adsorb the flywheel, so that the separated flywheel cannot rotate along with the shaft, meanwhile, the normally closed contact of the relay Jb is connected to be empty to enable the electric control reversing valve to be powered off, the air path in the power-off state enables the piston rod of the thin cylinder to be in a retraction state, the swing rod is pulled to generate lever action around the circle center of the hanging pin, the roller at one end of the swing rod dials the movable toothed disc away from the static toothed disc to enable the movable toothed disc to be separated from the static toothed disc; if the direct current power supply is cut off, the electric sucker cannot adsorb the flywheel, the flywheel idles along with the shaft, and the electric control reversing valve is in a power-off state originally, which is two working states that the flywheel does not rotate or rotates when the clutch is separated;

engaging the clutch: when the shaft starts to rotate at low speed, the relay J is attracted, two groups of normally open contacts of the Ja and the Jb are both closed dynamically, the normally open contact of the Ja connects the high-capacity capacitor with the direct current power supply to form a charging loop of the direct current power supply, the high-capacity capacitor and the electric sucker, the high-capacity capacitor starts to be charged, the charging current of the high-capacity capacitor enables the electric sucker to have attraction to overcome the elasticity of the elastic support to adsorb the flywheel, meanwhile, the normally open contact of the relay Jb enables the electric control reversing valve to be electrified to change an air circuit, a piston rod of the thin cylinder is in a forward extending state, the swing rod is pushed to generate lever action around the circle center of the vertical pin, the roller at one end of the swing rod pushes the movable toothed disc to the static toothed disc, when the movable toothed disc and the static toothed disc start to be connected, the flywheel is adsorbed and does not rotate along with the shaft, an initial rotation speed, when the electric sucker is powered off, the flywheel is loosened, so that no rotation resistance exists, and the flywheel can rotate along with the shaft in an accelerating manner. This is the operating state in which the flywheel is stopped first and then rotated when the clutch is engaged.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with an electromagnetic clutch, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient and reliable use, high strength, impact resistance and wide application, can enable the flywheels to have various working states, and can also mount N flywheels on one shaft to be matched with N sets of automatic pneumatic clutch mechanisms to realize the clutch of a plurality of flywheels on one shaft. The invention has low cost, small electric sucker and thin cylinder are general devices in the market, other parts are easy to process, and the total cost is less than one tenth of that of an electromagnetic clutch with the same shaft diameter. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:

1. the large tooth gap rectangular tooth embedded clutch is suitable for being used, the rectangular teeth can be engaged in a positive and negative rotating mode and are self-locked, the strength is high, impact resistance is achieved, the large tooth gap is beneficial to engagement, the energy storage and release effects of the flywheel are not affected, and the strength of the teeth is not affected by reasonable design.

2. The design and application of the thin cylinder and the swing rod to drive the clutch have the advantages of flexible and convenient use, reliability and durability, balanced bidirectional thrust and full-stroke thrust, and practicability far superior to other driving modes such as an electromagnet.

3. Different modes are designed to apply the small electric sucker: the electric sucker is powered off and does not adsorb the flywheel, so that the connected flywheel has no rotation resistance, and the separated flywheel can idle along with the shaft; the electric sucker is directly connected with direct current to always adsorb the flywheel, so that the separated flywheel is prevented from idling along with the shaft and can not stop for a long time; the electric sucker is connected with a large-capacity capacitor in series to be connected with direct current, the electric sucker can temporarily adsorb the flywheel to generate an initial rotation speed difference, the clutch is enabled to be reliably engaged, and then the flywheel can be automatically released to avoid generating rotation resistance.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention,

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.

In fig. 1, a resistor 2, a triode 3, a relay 4, a large-capacity capacitor 5, an electric suction cup 6, an electric control reversing valve 7, a rectangular tooth 8, a direct-current power supply 9, a flywheel 10, a bearing 11, an elastic support 12, a thin cylinder 13, a bottom plate 14, a piston rod 15, a U-shaped groove 16, a hanging pin 17, a swing rod 18, a roller 19, a key 20, a shaft 21, an annular groove 22, a movable tooth plate 23 and a static tooth plate.

Detailed Description

The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the figures and embodiments:

as shown in figure 1, the bearing 10 is arranged between a shaft 20 and a flywheel 9, a fixed chain wheel 23 of a jaw clutch with large-tooth-clearance rectangular teeth is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the flywheel through bolts and spot welding to form a concentric body, a movable chain wheel 22 of the clutch is sleeved on the shaft and connected through a long key 19, and the long key 19 also axially positions an inner ring of the bearing 10. The middle section of the swing rod 17 is sleeved on the vertical pin 16, a roller 18 arranged at one end of the swing rod 17 is positioned in an annular groove 21 of the movable chain wheel 22, and a U-shaped groove 15 is formed in the end face of the other end of the swing rod 17, so that the flat head section of the piston rod 14 of the thin cylinder 12 is inserted into the U-shaped groove 15 from the side and is connected through a cylindrical pin penetrating through a through hole. A small electric sucker 5 is arranged on an elastic support 11 on the outer side of the plane of the flywheel 9, a plane gap of about 1mm is kept between the electric sucker and the flywheel when the electric sucker does not work, and the hanging pin, the thin cylinder 12 and the elastic support 11 are all fixed on the same bottom plate 13.

The movable toothed disc of the clutch is sleeved on the shaft, can rotate along with the shaft and can axially move, and the movable toothed disc moves towards the flywheel and can be jointed with the static toothed disc, namely the shaft is jointed with the flywheel; the reverse movement of the movable chain wheel is to separate the shaft from the flywheel. One end of a swing rod in an annular groove of the movable chain wheel is provided with a roller, the swing rod is in a plane right-angle relationship with a shaft, the middle section of the swing rod is sleeved on a vertical pin, so that the swing rod can horizontally swing around the vertical pin, the other end of the swing rod is provided with a U-shaped groove and is connected with a flat end section of a piston rod of a thin cylinder with the side surface inserted into the U-shaped groove through a cylindrical pin, and the movable chain wheel is pulled to a static chain wheel, namely a clutch, by pushing the swing rod when the piston; when the piston rod retracts, the swing rod is pulled to pull the movable toothed disc away from the static toothed disc, namely, the clutch is separated. The elastic support outside the end face of the flywheel is provided with a small electric sucker, a plane gap of about 1mm is formed between the electric sucker and the end face of the flywheel when the electric sucker does not work, the electric sucker is not coherent at ordinary times, and the elastic force of the elastic support can be overcome to adsorb the flywheel only after the electric sucker is electrified to have suction force. The jaw clutch of the rectangular teeth 7 can be engaged in positive and negative rotation, namely self-locking, has high strength and impact resistance, is easy to process and manufacture, and is easy to engage in theory because common machinery requires zero clearance transmission, so that the conventional rectangular jaw clutch requires smaller inter-tooth clearance to be better, the clutch is difficult to engage, and can be engaged manually only under the condition of no rotation or small rotation speed difference. Under the condition of ensuring the strength requirement of teeth, the proper increase of the tooth clearance (the rectangular tooth clearance after the movable tooth disc and the static tooth disc are jointed) is beneficial to jointing, the positive and negative rotation self-locking of the clutch and the energy storage and release effects of the flywheel are not influenced, but the flywheel jointing rate with small rotational inertia is not ideal, because the bearing is arranged between the flywheel and the shaft, the friction force in the bearing can cause the flywheel which is not jointed to idle along with the shaft all the time, so that the flywheel and the shaft have almost no rotation speed difference, the clutch is not jointed or is just jointed after multiple times of tooth beating, the tooth clearance is further increased and possibly improved, but the strength or the number of teeth is influenced, taking 9 teeth as an example, the tooth clearance after the movable tooth disc and the static tooth disc are jointed is 4-7 degrees of the circular plane radian of the tooth disc, if 6 degrees are selected, the radian of the tooth of a single tooth disc is reduced by 3 degrees, namely, the conventional 20 degrees is reduced to 17, while the arc of the tooth socket of a single chain wheel is increased from the conventional 20 degrees to 23 degrees, if the cross section area of the tooth is not required to be reduced to influence the strength of the tooth, the radial dimension of the tooth can be increased, but the increase range is limited, so that the method cannot be realized only on a clutch. If the flywheel is not rotated temporarily by adopting a certain mode when the shaft just starts to rotate, the initial rotation speed difference can be formed, and under the action of a large tooth gap, the flywheel can be reliably jointed no matter the size of the flywheel is large and can be jointed by touching, the flywheel is required to be loosened immediately after the jointing so that the flywheel does not have rotation resistance, so that the flywheel is adsorbed by adopting a small electric sucking disc in different modes, and the scheme is the most practical, the simplest and the most reliable scheme for meeting the requirements. The specific method comprises the following steps: if the clutch is engaged, the electric suction cup can be connected with a large-capacity capacitor in series to connect the direct current when the shaft starts to rotate, the piston rod of the thin cylinder is converted into a forward extending state, the large-capacity capacitor is charged for nearly 1 second after the electrification, the electric suction cup connected in series generates a suction force for nearly 1 second to adsorb the flywheel, and at the moment, a movable toothed disc on the shaft rotates at a low speed, a static toothed disc on the flywheel does not rotate, and small initial rotation speed differences (large rotation speed differences are not beneficial to engagement) exist, so that the clutch with a large tooth gap can be engaged reliably. After the capacitor is charged, the serially connected electric suckers have no current and can automatically loosen the flywheel, the clutch is just connected to drive the flywheel to rotate before loosening, zero-point friction of several seconds exists between the flywheel and the electric suckers, and the influence is very small due to the fact that the rotation speed is low, the friction time is short, the suction force of the small electric suckers is small and the friction is generated between planes, and then the rotation speed of the shaft can be increased and the flywheel can be driven to rotate simultaneously.

And (3) clutch separation: the shaft 20 starts to rotate at a low speed, simultaneously the small electric suction cup 5 is directly connected with direct current, the piston rod 14 of the thin cylinder 12 is in a retraction state, the swing rod 17 is pulled to generate a lever effect around the circle center of the vertical pin 16, and the roller 18 at one end of the swing rod 17 pulls the movable chain wheel 22 away from the static chain wheel 23 to separate the movable chain wheel from the static chain wheel. The shaft 20 can rotate at an accelerated speed, the separated flywheel 9 is always adsorbed by the electric sucker 5 and cannot rotate, if the separated flywheel 9 is not adsorbed, the separated flywheel can idle along with the shaft 20 due to the friction force in the bearing 10, and the separated flywheel cannot stop for a long time to influence subsequent work, which is also a main reason for separating in a low-speed state, namely, the idle time of the flywheel 9 is shortened as much as possible.

Engaging the clutch: the shaft 20 starts to rotate at a low speed, simultaneously, the small electric suction cup 5 is connected with a large-capacity capacitor 4 in series to be connected with direct current, the thin cylinder 12 changes the air inlet direction, namely, the piston rod 14 is in a forward extending state, the swing rod 17 is pushed to generate lever action around the circle center of the vertical pin 16, and the roller 18 at one end of the swing rod 17 pushes the movable chain wheel 22 to the static chain wheel 23 to be jointed. After the power is switched on, the large-capacity capacitor 4 is charged for nearly 1 second (the capacity of the capacitor determines the charging time which can be determined according to actual requirements, and the charging time ranges from 0.5 to 1 second), the small electric suction cup 5 connected in series with the capacitor can adsorb the flywheel 9 to prevent the flywheel 9 from rotating when the current is supplied, the state can only be maintained for nearly 1 second, and the initial rotating speed difference of nearly 1 second between the shaft 20 and the flywheel 9 is formed, so that the clutch is reliably engaged. After the capacitor 4 is charged, the small electric suction cup 5 releases the flywheel 9 by itself without current, so that the flywheel 9 has no rotation resistance, and the shaft 20 can rotate at an accelerated speed and drive the engaged flywheel 9 to rotate at the same time.

As shown in fig. 2, the extension and retraction of the piston rod 17 is controlled by an external electrically controlled directional control valve 6, and an external circuit including a small electric suction cup 5, a large-capacity capacitor 4, a relay 3, a resistor 1, a transistor 2, a Direct Current (DC) power supply 8, and the like is controlled.

Claims

1. The automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism of the flywheel is characterized by comprising a bottom plate (13), the flywheel (9), a shaft (20), a movable chain wheel (22) and a static chain wheel (23), wherein the movable chain wheel (22) and the static chain wheel (23) are provided with rectangular teeth (7), the flywheel is assembled on the shaft by using a bearing, the bearing is axially positioned, the static chain wheel is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the flywheel to form a concentric body with the flywheel, the movable chain wheel is sleeved on the shaft and is connected with a key, an annular groove (21) is formed in the excircle of the movable chain wheel, a thin cylinder (12), an elastic support (11) and a hanging pin (16) are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the flat head section of a piston rod (14) of the thin cylinder is movably connected with one end of a swing rod (17), the middle section of the swing rod is movably connected with the hanging pin, a roller (18) capable of extending into the annular groove of the movable chain wheel is assembled at the other end, the end faces, opposite to the movable chain wheel and the static chain wheel, of the movable chain wheel are provided with rectangular teeth (7), the movable chain wheel can move axially on the shaft under the action of the swing rod and can be connected with and separated from the static chain wheel, and the rotation of the shaft rotating flywheel and the rotation of the flywheel along with the shaft can be realized in the connection and separation processes of the rectangular teeth on the movable chain wheel and the static chain wheel through circuit control.

2. The automated pneumatic clutch mechanism for a flywheel of claim 1, wherein: the clearance between the movable chain wheel and the static chain wheel of the rectangular teeth (7) after the connection is 4-7 degrees of the circular plane radian of the chain wheel.

3. The use method of the automatic pneumatic clutch mechanism of the flywheel is characterized in that: it comprises the following contents:

and (3) clutch separation: when the shaft starts to rotate at a low speed, the relay is not attracted, two groups of contacts of Ja and Jb are in a normally closed state, the normally closed contact of Ja directly connects the electric sucker with a direct current power supply, the electric sucker can generate attraction force to overcome the elastic force of the elastic support and adsorb the flywheel, so that the separated flywheel cannot rotate along with the shaft, meanwhile, the normally closed contact of the relay Jb is connected to be empty to enable the electric control reversing valve to be powered off, the air path in the power-off state enables the piston rod of the thin cylinder to be in a retraction state, the swing rod is pulled to generate leverage around the circle center of the hanging pin, the roller at one end of the swing rod dials the movable chain wheel away from the static chain wheel to enable the movable chain wheel to be separated from the static chain wheel; if the direct current power supply is cut off, the electric sucker cannot adsorb the flywheel, the flywheel idles along with the shaft, and the electric control reversing valve is in a power-off state originally; engaging the clutch: when the shaft starts to rotate at low speed, the relay is closed, two groups of normally open contacts of the Ja and the Jb are both closed, the normally open contact of the Ja connects the high-capacity capacitor with the direct current power supply to form a charging loop of the direct current power supply, the high-capacity capacitor and the electric sucker, the high-capacity capacitor starts to be charged, the charging current of the high-capacity capacitor enables the electric sucker to have suction force to overcome the elastic force of the elastic support to absorb the flywheel, meanwhile, the normally open contact of the relay Jb enables the electric control reversing valve to be electrified to change an air circuit, a piston rod of the thin cylinder is in a forward extending state to push the swing rod to generate lever action around the circle center of the vertical pin, a roller at one end of the swing rod pushes the movable chain wheel to the static chain wheel, when the movable chain wheel and the static chain wheel start to be connected, the flywheel is prevented from rotating along with the shaft due to absorption, an initial rotation, when the electric sucker is powered off, the flywheel is loosened, so that no rotation resistance exists, and the flywheel can rotate along with the shaft in an accelerating manner.