CN111688398B - Wood floor double-sided coating method based on 3D printing technology - Google Patents

Wood floor double-sided coating method based on 3D printing technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111688398B
CN111688398B CN202010488754.1A CN202010488754A CN111688398B CN 111688398 B CN111688398 B CN 111688398B CN 202010488754 A CN202010488754 A CN 202010488754A CN 111688398 B CN111688398 B CN 111688398B
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layer
printing
texture structure
texture
structure layer
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CN111688398A (en
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姜俊
吴忠其
杨旭
翁园园
吴丽虹
吴玉琪
冯燕飞
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Huzhou Inspection And Testing Center
Huzhou Suofeiluo Wood Industry Technology Co ltd
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Huzhou Suofeiluo Wood Industry Technology Co ltd
Huzhou Hengding Product Testing Center
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/18—Applying ornamental structures, e.g. shaped bodies consisting of plastic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0023—Digital printing methods characterised by the inks used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B41M5/0047—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper by ink-jet printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
    • B41M5/0076—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper on wooden surfaces, leather, linoleum, skin, or flowers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/0081—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using electromagnetic radiation or waves, e.g. ultraviolet radiation, electron beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
    • B44C3/02—Superimposing layers
    • B44C3/025—Superimposing layers to produce ornamental relief structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
    • B44C3/04—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/043—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing wooden elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
    • B44F9/02—Designs imitating natural patterns wood grain effects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
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  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses wooden floor two-sided coating method based on 3D printing technology includes following process steps in proper order: s1, processing the surface and the back of the profile; s2, scanning a target material section with a certain thickness to form color image information and a three-dimensional model; s3, according to the three-dimensional model, printing the surface and the back of the profile in a stacking mode to form an upper texture structure layer and a lower texture structure layer; and S4, respectively carrying out UV printing on the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer according to the color image information to form an upper texture pattern layer and a lower texture pattern layer. The double-sided coating method can relatively vividly reproduce the texture structure of precious hard broad-leaved wood, and the formed 3D coating layer has stereoscopic impression; the surface and the back of the wooden floor can be printed simultaneously, and the added value of the low-grade section bar is improved.

Description

Wood floor double-sided coating method based on 3D printing technology
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of coating, in particular to a wood floor double-sided coating method based on a 3D printing technology.
Background
The high value-added utilization of low-grade profiles (for example, plywood, high-density fiberboard, oriented strand board, etc. made of fast-growing wood, twigs, etc., or solid wood profiles made directly of fast-growing wood) has been a subject of research in the field of wood processing. One solution to high value-added utilization of low-grade profiles is to make wood grain forming high-grade wood (e.g., precious wood or a-grade hardwood) on the surface of the low-grade profile by 3D printing. In the prior art, the solution includes the following three specific implementation methods:
(1) the method is limited by the number of roller plates, the types of wood textures which can be manufactured are very limited, and the repetition rate of the same wood texture after the product is paved is high;
(2) the method can print any one of scanned wood textures, but is limited to a plane printing mode, so that the wood textures lack three-dimensional sense and the printed wood textures have low fidelity;
(3) the layer-by-layer ink-jet printing is to print the scanned pattern layer (UV pattern layer or ink pattern layer) on the surface of the section bar, and then spray transparent or semitransparent UV or ink on the specific position on the pattern layer to form the texture layer, but the texture layer is covered on the pattern layer, so the pattern and the texture of the wood texture prepared by the method are separated visually, and the fidelity of the printed wood texture is low.
Meanwhile, the above three specific methods can only perform the texture coating on the surface of the wood floor, however, the back surface of the wood floor is also in the interest of consumers as a product. In view of the above, a method for finishing a wood floor with high fidelity of wood grain and capable of realizing double-sided printing is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the present application is to overcome the above technical problems, so as to provide a wood floor double-sided coating method based on 3D printing technology, which can relatively vividly reproduce texture structures such as concave-convex, wire drawing, wood ray, pipe hole and the like of precious hard broad-leaved wood, and the formed 3D coating layer has stereoscopic impression; meanwhile, the surface and the back of the wood floor can be printed simultaneously, the surface and the back of the sectional material are both provided with wood grains of high-grade wood, and the added value of the low-grade sectional material is improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the application discloses a wood floor double-sided coating method based on a 3D printing technology, which sequentially comprises the following steps of:
s1, processing the surface and the back of the profile;
s2, scanning a target material section with a certain thickness to form color image information and a three-dimensional model;
s3, according to the three-dimensional model, printing the surface and the back of the profile in a stacking mode to form an upper texture structure layer and a lower texture structure layer;
s4, respectively carrying out UV printing on the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer according to the color image information to form an upper texture pattern layer and a lower texture pattern layer;
in step S3, the sectional material is vertically placed, and the surface and the back of the sectional material are printed in a stacked manner from both sides of the sectional material;
in step S4, UV printing is performed using UV ink added with wear-resistant raw materials, and the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer are respectively UV printed from both sides of the profile.
By the method, when the profile is vertically (in the width direction) placed during printing, the surface and the back of the profile can be simultaneously printed from two sides of the profile, the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer are formed on the surface and the back of the profile, and then the upper texture pattern layer and the lower texture pattern layer are formed simultaneously, so that the 3D coating layer is formed on the surface and the back of the profile simultaneously, the profile is manufactured into a product with the surface and the back both having wood textures of high-grade wood, and the added value of the low-grade profile is effectively improved.
Meanwhile, the texture structure layer is printed firstly to form texture structures including wood rays, pipe holes and the like of the section of the target material on the surface and the back surface of the section, and then the upper texture pattern layer and the lower texture pattern layer are printed and formed on the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer, namely, the texture structures of the natural color are colored, so that the reproduced wood texture is not limited to the textures of concave-convex shapes, wire drawing and the like on the surface of the wood, but also comprises finer structures of the wood rays, the pipe holes and the like, and therefore, the wood texture has more vivid finishing effect; and the texture structure layer and the texture pattern layer are combined to have stronger integral feeling, and the texture pattern layer is more vivid due to the reflection of the texture structure layer, so that the 3D coating layer on the surface and the back has three-dimensional effect.
Preferably, during printing, the long-edge male tenon part of the profile is vertically upward, and the long-edge female tenon part is arranged on the printing workbench.
Preferably, the surface of the printing workbench is provided with a fixed male tenon matched with the long-edge female tenon, a portal frame stretches over the printing workbench, a top beam of the portal frame is provided with a fixed female tenon matched with the fixed male tenon, and a pair of side beams of the portal frame are respectively provided with a surface printing unit and a back printing unit.
Preferably, the height of the portal frame is adjustable; the printing device is characterized in that a plurality of fixed male tenons are arranged on the printing workbench, and fixed female tenons which correspond to the fixed male tenons one to one are arranged on the top beam.
Preferably, the abrasion-resistant raw material is alumina powder, silica powder, alumina paste, or silica paste.
Preferably, in step S2, the scan thickness of the target material section is 0.1-5 mm.
Preferably, in step S3, the upper and lower texture structure layers are formed by performing lamination printing using white UV ink and curing with UV light.
Preferably, the thicknesses of the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer are 0.1-0.3 mm, and the layering thicknesses of the laminated printing are 20-30 micrometers.
Preferably, in step S3, the laminate printing is performed using a raw material, which includes thermosetting resin, wood powder having a particle size of 20 to 50 μm, and abrasion resistant powder, and the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer are formed by heat curing.
Preferably, the thicknesses of the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer are both 2-5 mm, and the layering thicknesses of the laminated printing are both 100-500 mu m.
Preferably, the wear-resistant powder is Al203Powder or SiO2And the ratio of the addition amount of the wear-resistant powder to the addition amount of the wood powder is 1 (2-4).
Preferably, in step S3, the following substeps are included:
s3-1, according to the three-dimensional model, when the surface of the profile is subjected to laminated printing, only printing a 1 st layer to a 4 th layer from the last to a 5 th layer from the last to form an upper basic texture structure layer;
and S3-2, according to the three-dimensional model, printing a 4 th layer or a 5 th layer to a last layer in a laminating mode by using transparent or semitransparent UV ink on the upper basic texture structure layer to form an upper texture correction layer.
Preferably, the upper texture correction layer has a delamination thickness of 20 to 30 μm.
Preferably, in step S3, the thermal expansion particles are printed on top of the uncured upper texture structure layer in a lamination process according to the last lamination of the three-dimensional model, and then the upper texture structure layer is cured.
Preferably, after the upper texture layer is solidified and cooled, the thermal expansion particles are taken out, and then step S4 is performed.
Preferably, the thermally expandable fine particles have a particle diameter of 10 to 20 μm.
Preferably, in step S4, the upper and lower grain pattern layers are formed by UV light curing, the upper grain pattern layer has a curing degree of 70-80%, and the lower grain pattern layer is complete; and after step S4, performing the steps of:
s5, coating a wear-resistant layer on the upper texture pattern layer;
s6, coating a scratch-resistant layer on the wear-resistant layer.
Preferably, in step S5, the wear-resistant paint is coated on the upper texture pattern layer by curtain coating, and the coating amount of the wear-resistant paint is 100-120 g per square meter; in step S6, the scratch-resistant paint is coated on the wear-resistant layer through roller coating, and the coating amount of the scratch-resistant paint is 10-20 g per square meter.
By the method, when the profile is vertically placed during printing, the surface and the back of the profile can be simultaneously and respectively printed from two sides of the profile, the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer are simultaneously formed on the surface and the back of the profile, and then the upper texture pattern layer and the lower texture pattern layer are simultaneously formed, so that the 3D coating layer is simultaneously formed on the surface and the back of the profile, the surface and the back of the profile are both provided with high-grade wood texture products, and the added value of the low-grade profile is improved.
Meanwhile, the texture structure layer is printed firstly to form texture structures including wood rays, pipe holes and the like of the section of the target material on the surface and the back surface of the section, and then an upper texture pattern layer and a lower texture pattern layer are printed and formed on the texture structure layer (upper and lower), namely the texture structure of the natural color is colored, so that the reproduced wood texture is not limited to the textures of concave-convex, wire drawing and the like on the surface of the wood, but also comprises finer structures of the wood rays, the pipe holes and the like, and therefore, the wood-like composite decorative material has more vivid finishing effect; and the texture structure layer (upper and lower) and the texture pattern layer (upper and lower) are combined to have stronger integral feeling, the texture pattern layer (upper and lower) is reflected by the texture structure layer (upper and lower) to be more vivid, and the 3D coating layer on the surface and the back has three-dimensional effect.
Furthermore, white UV printing ink is used for laminating and printing, so that the surface and the back of the section bar can be primed while texture structure layers (upper and lower) are manufactured, and the coloring effect of the texture pattern layers (upper and lower) on the texture structure layers (upper and lower) is effectively ensured. On the other hand, if the original material is used for laminating and printing, the thickness of the texture structure layer (upper and lower) can be effectively improved, so that the 3D coating layers on the surface and the back are more vivid; in particular, the improvement of the thickness of the upper texture structure layer can enrich the treatment process of the 3D coating layer on the surface, such as the antique treatment process of copying and printing a large arc chamfer, so that the coated low-grade section bar has the antique treatment effect of thick-skinned precious and hard broad-leaved wood.
Furthermore, through the arrangement of the upper texture trimming layer, the printing misalignment degree of the upper texture structure layer and the upper texture pattern layer can be effectively trimmed visually, and the stereoscopic impression of the upper basic texture structure layer is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wood floor based on 3D printing technology according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a duplex printing method according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wood floor based on 3D printing technology according to embodiment 2 of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wood floor based on 3D printing technology according to embodiment 3 of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a wood floor based on 3D printing technology according to embodiment 5 of the present application;
in the drawings: 101-upper texture structure layer, 102-lower texture structure layer, 110-upper basic texture structure layer, 120-upper texture correction layer, 201-upper texture pattern layer, 202-lower texture pattern layer, 300-wear layer, 400-scratch-resistant layer, 800-section bar, 810-long-edge male tenon, 820-long-edge female tenon, 910-printing workbench, 911-fixed male tenon, 920-portal frame, 921-top beam, 922-fixed female tenon, 923-side beam, 930-surface printing unit and 940-back printing unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a method for coating both sides of a wood floor based on a 3D printing technology sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, processing the surface and the back of the profile 800;
s2, scanning a target material section with a certain thickness to form color image information and a three-dimensional model;
s3, according to the three-dimensional model, laminating and printing the surface and the back of the profile 800 to form an upper texture structure layer 101 and a lower texture structure layer 102;
s4, UV printing is performed on the upper texture structure layer 101 and the lower texture structure layer 102 respectively according to the color image information to form an upper texture pattern layer 201 and a lower texture pattern layer 202.
By the above method, the upper texture structure layer 101 and the upper texture pattern layer 201 covering the upper texture structure layer together form a 3D coating layer on the surface of the profile, and the lower texture structure layer 102 and the lower texture pattern layer 202 covering the lower texture structure layer together form a 3D coating layer on the back of the profile.
Specifically, in step S1, the profile 800 may be a multi-layer plywood, a triple-layer plywood, a high-density fiberboard, an oriented strand board, or a solid wood profile made of fast-growing wood with or without modification. The surface and back surface treatment is to form flat printing surfaces on the surface and back surface of the section bar respectively by using a sander, for example, a 180-220-mesh fine sand belt is used, and possible knots, bugles and the like on the surface and back surface of the material are repaired, for example, the material such as wood ash, putty, resin and the like is used. In order to avoid damage to the 3D coating layer formed by printing due to the manufacturing of the tongue-and-groove structure, before the printing process, a long-side tenon 810, a long-side mortise 820, a short-side tenon, and a short-side mortise are manufactured on the peripheral side of the profile 800, and the tenon shape may be a flat-buckle tongue-and-groove or a lock-buckle tongue-and-groove. Preferably, a moisture-proof material, such as edge sealing paint, moisture-proof oil, anti-spitting oil, or an alcohol lamp, is sprayed on the manufactured tongue-and-groove structure.
In step S2, the target material cut surface is what cut surface of what wood to be printed on the profile 800, and in this embodiment, the target material is a string-cut large red branch blank (with a thickness of 20 mm). First, a two-dimensional scanning device (e.g., a CCD scanner) is used to scan the surface and the back of the cut-string mahogany raw material, so as to obtain and form two sets of color image information for manufacturing the upper texture pattern layer 201 and the lower texture pattern layer 202. Then, scanning the surface of the chordally cut crambe rubra blank to a thickness layer of 0.1-0.3 mm below the surface by using a three-dimensional scanning device (such as a three-dimensional laser scanner with the precision of 10 μm), wherein the thickness layer is 0.2mm in the embodiment, so as to obtain a three-dimensional model of the upper texture structure layer 101, the thickness of the surface layer of which is 0.2 mm; scanning the back surface of the chord-cut large red branches blank to a thickness layer which is 0.1-0.3 mm above the back surface, in the embodiment, 0.2mm, so as to obtain a three-dimensional model which is on the back layer and is used for manufacturing the lower texture structure layer 102 and has the thickness of 0.2 mm; the three-dimensional model records the texture structure of wood including concave-convex, wire drawing, wood ray, pore and the like. Finally, the two sets of three-dimensional models are layered by using three-dimensional software (for example, PRO-E) to form a layered file which can be recognized by a 3D printing device (for example, a 3D printer), wherein each layer has a thickness of 20 μm and the total thickness is 5 layers. In other embodiments, the upper texture structure layer 101 has a thickness of 0.2mm and each segment has a thickness of 25 μm for a total of 8 segments, and the lower texture structure layer 102 has a thickness of 0.2mm and each segment has a thickness of 25 μm for a total of 8 segments; or, the upper texture structure layer 101 has a thickness of 0.3mm and a thickness of 30 μm for each layer for a total of 10 layers, and the lower texture structure layer 102 has a thickness of 0.3mm and a thickness of 30 μm for each layer for a total of 10 layers.
The surface printing unit 930 and the back printing unit 940 each include a 3D printer, a UV inkjet printer, a UV ultraviolet lamp, a longitudinal feeding structure, a transverse feeding structure, and a lifting structure. In step S3, the layered document layers formed from the two sets of three-dimensional models are printed in layers on the front and back surfaces of the profile by a 3D printer using white UV ink. When printing, the profile 800 is vertically placed, and the surface printing unit 930 and the back printing unit 940 respectively perform the stacked printing on the surface and the back of the profile 800 from both sides thereof. After printing, UV lamps (e.g. 4 lamps, 5 kw/lamp) are used to cure to form the upper texture structure layer 101 and the lower texture structure layer 102.
In step S4, UV printing is performed using UV ink added with abrasion resistant raw materials, and UV printing is performed on the upper texture structure layer 101 and the lower texture structure layer 102 from both sides of the profile 800, respectively.
In step S4, UV ink with abrasion resistant materials is UV printed onto the upper texture structure layer 101 and the lower texture structure layer 102 by a UV inkjet printer, and cured by a UV lamp (e.g., 4 lamp, 5 kw/lamp) to form the upper texture pattern layer 201 and the lower texture pattern layer 202. The added wear-resistant raw material is one of alumina powder, silica powder, alumina sticky substance or silica sticky substance. Through the addition of the wear-resistant raw materials, the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the 3D coating layer can be effectively improved. The person skilled in the art can determine the amount of the wear-resistant raw material to be added by the desired wear resistance index of the final product. Since the texture pattern layers 201 and 202 are inkjet coatings and have relatively small thickness, in order to further improve the surface hardness and abrasion resistance of the front and back 3D coating layers, an abrasion resistant material may be added to the white UV ink in step S3, and the abrasion resistant material added is preferably alumina paste or silica paste (viscosity 5 to 6mPa · S).
In the embodiment, the 3D printing technology is based on the fact that the texture of precious wood can be accurately reproduced, the original veneering decoration of the precious hard broad-leaved wood veneer is replaced, the added value of the low-grade section bar is improved, and meanwhile, the consumption of the precious hard broad-leaved wood is reduced; meanwhile, the production line based on the 3D printing technology can replace the existing UV coating production line, so that the processing production line is effectively shortened, the production efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the volatilization of harmful substances is reduced.
Further, a double-sided coating method for a wooden floor based on 3D printing technology of the present application is achieved by printing the texture structure layers 101,102 to form texture structures including wood rays, pipe holes and the like of the target material section on the surface and back of the profile 800, and then printing the texture pattern layers 201,202 on the texture structure layers 101,102, i.e. coloring the texture structures with natural colors (white colors):
3D coating layers can be formed on the surface and the back of the profile 800 at the same time, and the surface and the back of the profile 800 are both provided with wood textures of high-grade wood, so that the added value of the low-grade profile is improved;
meanwhile, compared with multiple chromatography printing, the reproduced wood texture is not only limited to the texture of concave-convex, wire drawing and the like on the surface of the wood, but also comprises a finer wood ray, a pipe hole and other structures, so that the reproduced wood texture has a more vivid finishing effect, any section of any wood can be scanned, any wood texture type can be manufactured, and the repetition rate of the same wood texture can be avoided to the greatest extent under the condition of storage permission;
compared with ink-jet printing and layer-by-layer ink-jet printing, the 3D coating on the front surface and the back surface has stereoscopic impression, when the texture pattern layers 201 and 202 color the texture structure layers 101 and 102, the ink correspondingly sprayed on the wood rays, the pipe holes and other patterns of the texture structure layers 101 and 102 can permeate into the structures of the wood rays, the pipe holes and other structures of the texture structure layers 101 and 102, so that the integrated feeling of the texture structure layers 101 and 102 and the texture pattern layers 201 and 202 after combination is stronger, and the texture pattern layers 201 and 202 are more vivid due to the reflection of the texture structure layers 101 and 102.
Referring to fig. 2, during printing, the long-side male tenon 810 and the long-side female tenon 820 of the profile 800 are vertically upward and placed on the printing workbench 910. The printing table 910 may be any table with a planar operating surface as known in the art; a portal frame 920 is arranged across the printing workbench 910, and the portal frame 920 can be a lifting gantry structure in any one of the prior art, and comprises a top beam 921 and a pair of side beams 923.
The surface of the printing workbench 910 is welded or screwed with a fixing male tenon 911 matched with the long-side female tenon 820, in this embodiment, the long-side male tenon 810 and the long-side female tenon 820 of the profile 800 are in a flat buckle tongue and groove structure, and therefore, the fixing male tenon 911 is a strip-shaped protrusion of the flat buckle tongue and groove structure, preferably a metal strip or a resin strip with certain hardness. A fixed female tenon 922 matched with the fixed male tenon 911 is arranged on the top beam 921 of the portal frame 920, and the fixed female tenon 922 is a groove of a flat buckle tongue-and-groove structure. The profile 800 is fixed on the printing table 910 by the long-side male tenon 810 and the fixed female tenon 922 being joggled, and the long-side female tenon 820 and the fixed male tenon 911 being joggled. Compared with a clamping structure, the fixing mode can effectively prevent the clamping structure from clamping the profile 800 to influence the printing processing of the surface and the back.
The front printing unit 930 and the back printing unit 940 are fixedly mounted to the pair of side beams 923 of the gantry 920 by screws, respectively. Particularly, the 3D printer, UV ink jet printer, and UV ultraviolet lamp all through vertically feeding the structure, the lateral feed structure, elevation structure installs on curb girder 923, vertically feed the structure, the lateral feed structure, elevation structure is any one structure among the prior art, vertically feed the structure and be used for taking print assembly (3D printer, UV ink jet printer, and UV ultraviolet lamp) to remove along section bar 800's length direction and feed, the lateral feed structure is used for taking print assembly to remove between curb girder 923 and section bar 800 and feeds, elevation structure is used for taking print assembly along curb girder 923 direction lift movement.
During printing, the top beam 921 is lifted to make the distance between the fixed male tenon 911 and the fixed female tenon 922 fit the width of the section bar 800, so that the long-edge male tenon part 810 is in tenon joint with the fixed female tenon 922, and the long-edge female tenon part 820 is in tenon joint with the fixed male tenon 911; and then the printing components of the surface printing unit 930 and the back printing unit 940 are respectively fed to the surface and the back of the profile 800 to be close under the driving of the transverse feeding structure, and are reciprocated under the driving of the longitudinal feeding structure and the lifting structure to complete the printing.
More preferably, a plurality of fixing male tenons 911 with different tenon shapes are arranged on the printing workbench 910, and a fixing female tenon 922 corresponding to the plurality of fixing male tenons 911 in one-to-one correspondence is arranged on the top beam 921. And can thus be used to secure profiles 800 of different tongue and groove configurations. For example, in this embodiment, the printing workbench 910 is sequentially provided with a fixing tenon 911 of a small-sized flat buckle tongue-and-groove structure, a fixing tenon 911 of a flat buckle tongue-and-groove structure, and a fixing tenon 911 of a lock tongue-and-groove structure; the top beam 921 is sequentially provided with a small fixing female tenon 922 with a flat buckle tongue-and-groove structure, a fixing female tenon 922 with a flat buckle tongue-and-groove structure, and a fixing female tenon 922 with a lock catch tongue-and-groove structure.
Example 2: the embodiment 2 is different from the embodiment 1 in that in the step S3, a laminate printing is performed using a raw material, which is wood powder including thermosetting resin having a particle size of 20 to 50 μm, abrasion resistant powder, and is thermally cured to form an upper texture structure layer 101 and a lower texture structure layer 102.
In the embodiment, the raw material is used for laminating and printing, and the raw material is mainly wood powder, so that the upper texture structure layer 101 and the lower texture structure layer 102 have a more woody material feeling, and the thicknesses of the upper texture structure layer 101 and the lower texture structure layer 102 can be effectively increased, so that the 3D coating layer is more vivid. Particularly, after the thickness of the upper texture structure layer 101 is increased, the treatment process of the 3D coating layer on the surface, such as the antique treatment process of copying and printing a large circular arc chamfer, can be further enriched, as shown in fig. 3, so that the coated low-grade profile has the antique treatment effect of the precious hard broad-leaved wood with a thick skin (more than 2 mm).
Preferably, the wood powder is wood powder subjected to high-temperature heat treatment, for example, a fast-growing poplar board is subjected to heat treatment at 160 ℃ for 3 hours and then made into wood powder with the particle size of 20-50 μm, or a birch board is subjected to heat treatment at 140 ℃ for 2.5 hours and then made into wood powder with the particle size of 20-50 μm; the thermosetting resin may be a phenolic resin; the wear-resistant powder is Al203Powder ofOr SiO2The ratio of the addition amount of the wear-resistant powder to the addition amount of the wood powder is 1 (2-4), and in the embodiment, the ratio of the addition amount of the wear-resistant powder to the addition amount of the wood powder is 1: 3.
Wood subjected to high-temperature heat treatment is relatively easy to prepare wood powder particles with micro and uniform particle sizes; meanwhile, the wood powder particles subjected to high-temperature heat treatment can be relatively well dispersed in liquid thermosetting resin, and have relatively good fluidity, so that the bonding of the original material in 3D printing equipment is avoided, and the extrusion of the original material from the 3D printing equipment is facilitated. Further, the addition of the wear-resistant powder can not only improve the wear resistance of the upper texture structure layer 101 and the lower texture structure layer 102 and enable the upper texture structure layer and the lower texture structure layer to have relatively good surface hardness, but also improve the wettability of the heat-treated wood powder, so that the wood powder is relatively fully dispersed and wetted in the liquid thermosetting resin, and the bonding strength between the upper texture structure layer 101, the lower texture structure layer 102 and the profile 800 can be relatively effectively improved.
In the present embodiment, the upper texture structure layer 101 has a thickness of 2mm and a thickness of 100 μm for each layer for a total of 20 layers, and the lower texture structure layer 102 has a thickness of 2mm and a thickness of 100 μm for each layer for a total of 20 layers. In other embodiments, the upper texture structure layer 101 has a texture structure layer 100 thickness of 3mm and a total of 15 layers of 200 μm each, and the lower texture structure layer 102 has a thickness of 2mm and a total of 20 layers of 100 μm each; or, the upper texture structure layer 101 has a thickness of 4mm, each layer has a thickness of 500 μm, and the total number of layers is 8, the lower texture structure layer 102 has a thickness of 2mm, each layer has a thickness of 100 μm, and the total number of layers is 20; or the upper texture structure layer 101 has a thickness of 4.8mm and a thickness of 400 μm for each layer for a total of 12 layers, and the lower texture structure layer 102 has a thickness of 2mm and a thickness of 100 μm for each layer for a total of 20 layers. Example 3: embodiment 3 differs from embodiments 1 and 2 in that, as shown in fig. 4, in step S3, the following substeps are included:
s3-1, according to the three-dimensional model, when the surface of the profile 800 is subjected to laminated printing, only printing the 1 st layer to the 2 nd last layer or the 3 rd last layer (calculated from the layer far away from the tangent plane surface to the layer of the tangent plane surface) to form the upper basic texture structure layer 110;
s3-2, printing the penultimate 2 or 3-last layering to the last layering in a cascade on top of the upper base texture structure layer 110 using transparent or translucent UV ink according to the three-dimensional model to form the upper texture correction layer 120. Preferably, the thickness of the upper texture correction layer 120 is 20 to 30 μm. For example, when the layered structure is printed with white UV ink, the thickness of the upper texture structure layer 101 is 0.3mm, the thickness of each layer is 30 μm, the total number of layers is 10, in step S3-1, the 1 st to 7 th layers are printed on the profile 800, and the upper basic texture layer 110 is formed after ultraviolet light curing; in step S3-2, the 8 th to 10 th sub-layers are printed on the upper base texture layer 110 using transparent UV ink, and the upper texture correction layer 120 is formed after UV curing. For another example, when the layered structure is printed by using white UV ink, the thickness of the upper texture structure layer 101 is 0.3mm, the thicknesses of the 1 st to 8 th layers are 30 μm, and the thicknesses of the 9 th to 11 th layers are 20 μm, which total 11 layers, in step S3-1, the 1 st to 8 th layers are printed on the profile 800, and the upper basic texture layer 110 is formed after ultraviolet light curing; and printing the 9 th to 11 th layered layers on the upper base texture layer 110 by using semitransparent UV ink, and forming an upper texture correction layer 120 after ultraviolet curing. For another example, when the layered structure is printed by using the raw material, the thickness of the upper texture structure layer 101 is 2.05mm, the thicknesses of the 1 st to 20 th layers are 100 μm, and the thicknesses of the 21 st to 22 th layers are 25 μm, for a total of 22 layers, in step S3-1, the 1 st to 20 th layers are printed on the profile 800, and the upper basic texture layer 110 is formed after thermal curing; then, the 21 st to 22 th sub-layers are printed on the upper base texture layer 110 by using the translucent UV ink, and the upper texture correction layer 120 is formed after ultraviolet light curing.
In the present embodiment, by providing the upper texture trimming layer 120, the misalignment between the upper texture structure layer 101 and the upper texture pattern layer 201 can be effectively corrected visually, and the stereoscopic impression of the upper basic texture structure layer 110 can be improved.
Example 4: embodiment 4 differs from embodiment 1, embodiment 2, and embodiment 3 in that, in step S3, the thermal expansion particles are printed in a layered manner on the uncured upper texture structure layer 101 according to the last layering of the three-dimensional model, and then the upper texture structure layer 101 is subjected to a curing process; and after the upper texture layer 101 is solidified and cooled, the thermal expansion particles are taken out, followed by performing step S4. Preferably, the thermally expandable fine particles have a particle size of 10 to 20 μm.
In the embodiment, thermal expansion particles are printed on the uncured upper texture structure layer 101 in a lamination mode according to the last lamination of the three-dimensional model, so that the thermal expansion particles are embedded into the pore-shaped structures such as wood rays and pipe holes, and when ultraviolet light curing or thermal curing is performed, the thermal expansion particles are expanded by using curing heat, so that the pore-shaped structures such as the wood rays and the pipe holes formed by printing of UV ink or original materials are corrected; and finally, in the cooling process, after the thermal expansion particles recover the size, taking out the thermal expansion particles by turning the plate and the like. Through the scheme, the problem that the shapes of the pore-shaped structures such as wood rays and pipe holes are inconsistent with the three-dimensional model obtained through actual scanning due to the inconsistency of the flowability of the UV ink or the raw material in each layer during laminated printing can be effectively solved.
Example 5: the embodiment 5 is different from the embodiment 1 in that, referring to fig. 5, in step S4, the upper texture pattern layer 201 and the lower texture pattern layer 202 are formed by UV light curing, and the upper texture pattern layer 201 has a curing degree of 70 to 80% and the lower texture pattern layer 202 is complete; and after step S4, performing the steps of:
s5, coating the wear-resistant paint on the upper texture pattern layer by curtain coating, wherein the coating quantity of the wear-resistant paint is 100-120 g/square meter, and curing by using UV light (for example, 3 UV ultraviolet lamps with the intensity of 5 kw) to form a wear-resistant layer 300;
and S6, coating the scratch-resistant paint on the wear-resistant layer 300 by roller coating, wherein the coating amount of the scratch-resistant paint is 10-20 g/square meter, and curing by UV light (for example, 4 UV ultraviolet lamps with the intensity of 5 kw) to form the scratch-resistant layer 400.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A wood floor double-sided coating method based on a 3D printing technology is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps:
s1, processing the surface and the back of the section bar (800);
s2, scanning a target material section with a certain thickness to form color image information and a three-dimensional model;
s3, according to the three-dimensional model, printing on the surface and the back of the profile (800) in a laminating mode to form an upper texture structure layer (101) and a lower texture structure layer (102);
s4, respectively carrying out UV printing on the upper texture structure layer (101) and the lower texture structure layer (102) according to the color image information to form an upper texture pattern layer (201) and a lower texture pattern layer (202);
in step S3, the profile (800) is vertically placed, and the surface and the back of the profile (800) are printed in a laminating way from two sides of the profile respectively;
in step S4, UV printing is performed using UV ink added with wear-resistant raw materials, and the upper texture structure layer (101) and the lower texture structure layer (102) are UV printed from both sides of the profile (800) respectively;
in step S3, the following substeps are included:
s3-1, according to the three-dimensional model, when the surface of the profile is subjected to laminated printing, only printing a 1 st layer to a 4 th layer from the last to a 5 th layer from the last to form an upper basic texture structure layer;
s3-2, according to the three-dimensional model, using transparent or semitransparent UV printing ink to print a 4 th layer or a 5 th layer to a last layer in a laminating mode on the upper basic texture structure layer so as to form an upper texture correction layer;
in step S3, the thermal expansion particles are printed on top of the uncured upper texture structure layer according to the last layer of the three-dimensional model, and then the upper texture structure layer is cured.
2. The double-sided finishing method for wooden floors based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, during printing, the long-side male tenon portion (810) of the profile (800) is arranged vertically upward, and the long-side female tenon portion (820) is arranged above the printing workbench (910).
3. The wood floor double-sided coating method based on the 3D printing technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein a fixed male tenon (911) matched with the long-side female tenon portion (820) is arranged on the surface of the printing workbench (910), a portal frame (920) is arranged across the printing workbench (910), a fixed female tenon (922) matched with the fixed male tenon (911) is arranged on a top beam (921) of the portal frame (920), and a surface printing unit (930) and a back printing unit (940) are respectively arranged on a pair of side beams (923) of the portal frame (920).
4. The wood floor double-sided finishing method based on 3D printing technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the height of said gantry (920) is adjustable; be provided with a plurality of fixed public tenons (911) on print work platform (910), be provided with on back timber (921) with a plurality of fixed female tenon (922) that fixed public tenon (911) one-to-one set up.
5. The 3D printing technology based wood floor double-sided finishing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wear resistant raw material is one of alumina powder, silica powder, alumina stickies, or silica stickies.
6. The wood flooring double-sided finishing method based on 3D printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scanning thickness of the target material section is 0.1 to 5mm in step S2.
7. The wood floor double finishing method based on 3D printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, white UV ink is used for lamination printing and UV light curing to form the upper texture structure layer (101) and the lower texture structure layer (102).
8. The double-sided coating method for the wood floor based on the 3D printing technology as claimed in claim 7, wherein the thickness of the upper texture structure layer (101) and the thickness of the lower texture structure layer (102) are both 0.1-0.3 mm, and the layered thickness of the laminated printing is 20-30 μm.
9. The wood flooring double-sided finishing method based on 3D printing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, UV light is used for curing to form the upper texture pattern layer (201) and the lower texture pattern layer (202), and the degree of curing of the upper texture pattern layer (201) is 70-80%, and the lower texture pattern layer (202) is completely cured; and after step S4, performing the steps of:
s5, coating a wear-resistant layer (300) on the upper texture pattern layer (201);
s6, coating a scratch-resistant layer (400) on the wear-resistant layer (300).
10. The wood floor double-sided finishing method based on 3D printing technology as claimed in claim 9, wherein in step S5, the abrasion resistant paint is coated on the upper texture pattern layer (201) by curtain coating, and the coating amount of the abrasion resistant paint is 100-120 g/square meter; in step S6, the scratch-resistant paint is coated on the wear-resistant layer (300) through roller coating, and the coating amount of the scratch-resistant paint is 10-20 g per square meter.
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CN208152473U (en) * 2018-05-09 2018-11-27 湖州索菲洛木业科技有限公司 Splice wooden Two-sided floor
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CN111152334A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-15 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 Double-sided decorative ceramic plate and preparation method thereof

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KR100887586B1 (en) * 2008-05-15 2009-03-09 주식회사 부곡하이텍 Ornamental pannel with nacre pattern, and manufacturing process thereof
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