CN111678149A - Medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment device with self-supplied heat energy - Google Patents
Medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment device with self-supplied heat energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678149A CN111678149A CN202010434197.5A CN202010434197A CN111678149A CN 111678149 A CN111678149 A CN 111678149A CN 202010434197 A CN202010434197 A CN 202010434197A CN 111678149 A CN111678149 A CN 111678149A
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/20—Medical materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/00001—Exhaust gas recirculation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/40—Intercepting solids by cyclones
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment device with self-supplied heat energy, which is characterized in that: comprises a crushing feeding device, a fluidized bed gasification reaction chamber, a combustion heat supply device, an ash content collecting device, a heat exchange device and a controllerA system manufacturing system and a tail gas recycling device; the invention has compact design structure, combines the feeding, gasification, heating, ash collection and heat exchange devices, continuously feeds the materials into the gasification reaction chamber, and generates the biochar and the synthesis gas (H) by the gasification furnace2、CO、CH4) The fuel is provided for the external combustion furnace, and the fuel cost is reduced. The external combustion furnace burns gasification products (biochar and synthesis gas) to supply heat to the gasification furnace, and the generated combustion smoke provides fluidized gas for the gasification furnace, so that the recycling, harmless and energy-saving treatment of medical wastes is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical waste treatment, and particularly relates to a continuous gasification incineration treatment device for medical waste with self-supplied heat energy.
Background
The treatment of medical wastes is a ubiquitous problem at present, and the traditional treatment modes of the medical wastes comprise sanitary landfill, high-temperature incineration, high-temperature steam sterilization, pyrolysis and the like, wherein the sanitary landfill and the high-temperature incineration are the main forms for treating the medical wastes at present; the sanitary landfill has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and the like, but the landfill technology is easy to cause pathogens and toxic and harmful substances in the medical wastes to permeate into the soil along with rainwater, so that the harmful substances enter human bodies along with food chains; high-temperature incineration has the advantages of simple equipment requirements and the like, but the incineration of medical wastes easily generates harmful substances such as dioxin and the like, thereby causing secondary pollution to the environment.
The gasification technology utilizes the thermal instability of organic matters, uses water vapor as a gasification medium, and oxidizes, burns and reduces the organic matters in an anoxic state to convert energy into synthesis gas, tar and biochar. The synthetic gas, tar and biochar can be reused as fuel, and meanwhile, the biochar can also be used as an adsorbent for sewage and waste gas treatment.
Combining the defects in the waste treatment process, the gasification furnace and the combustion furnace are combined for treating the medical waste with high efficiency, energy conservation and harmlessness. The device utilizes the biochar and the synthesis gas (H) generated by the fluidized bed gasification furnace2、CO、CH4) The fuel is provided for the external combustion furnace, and the fuel cost is reduced. The external combustion furnace burns gasification products (biochar and synthesis gas) to supply heat to the gasification furnace, and the generated combustion smoke provides fluidized gas for the gasification furnace, so that the recycling, harmless and energy-saving treatment of medical wastes is realized.
Through a search for a patent publication, no patent publication that is the same as the present patent application is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a device which is simple in structure, efficient, energy-saving and capable of continuously and quickly treating medical wastes by combining combustion and gasification.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment device with self-supplied heat energy is characterized in that: the system comprises a crushing feeding device, a fluidized bed gasification reaction chamber, a combustion heat supply device, an ash content collecting device, a heat exchange device, a steam generating device, a control system and a tail gas recycling device; the crushing and feeding device is provided with a crushing gear and a spiral feeder; the fluidized bed gasification reaction chamber is positioned in the combustion chamber and penetrates through the combustion chamber, a feed inlet and a charcoal outlet are arranged at the two ends of the middle lower side of the fluidized bed gasification reaction chamber, the charcoal outlet is connected with the combustion chamber, and a synthesis gas return pipe at the upper end of the gasification reaction chamber is connected with a burner at the lower end of the combustion device through a heat exchanger; the combustion heat supply device is internally provided with a heat insulation jacket and a pulse combustor, the pulse combustor is connected with liquefied petroleum gas, a fan and a synthetic gas return pipe, the lower end of the combustion heat supply device is connected with an ash collection device, and internal combustion flue gas flows back to a gasification reaction chamber through a first combustion flue gas branch pipe and a heat exchanger or flows to a flue gas purification unit through a second combustion flue gas branch pipe; the control system adjusts the gasification temperature in the monitoring device and automatically controls the fan, the gas proportion, the feeding quantity, the ash discharge quantity and the combustion flue gas circulating discharge quantity in a programmed mode.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the crushing and feeding device consists of a crushing gear, a screw feeder and a screw motor, the screw feeder penetrates through the outer layer combustion chamber to be connected to the middle lower part of the gasification reactor, and the screw motor is connected to the control unit.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the gasification reaction chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber and penetrates through the combustion chamber, the lower end of the gasification reaction chamber is connected with the combustion chamber through a charcoal discharge port, and sealing parts are arranged at the external connection parts of the gasification reactor and the combustion chamber.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the gasification reaction chamber is connected with the pulsating burner in the combustion chamber through a synthesis gas return pipe and a cyclone separator.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the combustion heat supply device is outside the gasification reaction and consists of a jacket, a pulse combustor, a flue gas pipeline and an ash outlet, wherein heat insulation layers are paved in the jacket.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the pulse combustor is connected with a Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), a fan and a synthetic gas return pipe, a fuel gas control valve is arranged between the LPG and the pulse combustor, a fan flow control valve is arranged between the fan and the pulse combustor, and the flow control valves are all connected to the control unit.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the flue gas pipeline is divided into a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, the first branch pipe is connected to the fluidized bed gasification furnace through a heat exchanger and a fan, a first control valve is arranged on the first branch pipe, and the first control valve is connected to the control unit; the second branch pipe is connected to the flue gas purification unit, and a second valve is arranged on the second branch pipe and connected to the control unit.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the heat exchange device exchanges heat with the synthesis gas return pipe through the first branch pipe of the combustion flue gas, and condensation of condensable tar and synthesis gas is avoided.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the ash outlet is connected with an ash collecting device through a spiral discharging device, and the spiral motor is connected to the control unit.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the steam generating device is combined with the first branch pipe of the combustion flue gas through a flow control valve to provide fluidizing gas for the gasification reactor together, and the steam flow control valve is connected to the control unit.
Further, the medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment apparatus capable of self-supplying heat energy is characterized in that: the control device comprises a control cabinet, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a gas flow control valve, a fan flow control valve, a first control valve, a second control valve, a spiral feeding motor and a spiral ash discharging motor.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the crushing gear is arranged at the feed inlet funnel, materials are added into the feed hopper, are crushed by the crushing gear and then are brought into the feed inlet by the screw feeder, the feeding is more uniform, and the movement speed of the screw rod can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the feeding motor, so that the feeding speed can be adjusted as required.
2. The invention can continuously put medical wastes into the gasification reaction chamber for rapid gasification, the biochar generated by the gasification of the materials is conveyed to an external combustion chamber for combustion, and meanwhile, the synthesis gas generated by the gasification provides fuel for the combustor, thereby reducing the fuel cost.
3. The external combustion chamber of the invention provides temperature for the gasification furnace by burning gasification products (biochar and synthesis gas), and the high-temperature combustion flue gas provides fluidized gas for the fluidized bed gasification furnace, so that the materials are uniformly and quickly gasified by heating, the flue gas is recycled, no additional carrier gas is required, and the operation cost of the gasification system is greatly reduced.
4. The smoke purifier and the ash collection device are arranged in the invention, so that the harmless emission of redundant smoke generated in the combustion process of medical waste biochar can be realized, and the environmental cleanness and the safety of operators are ensured.
5. The device is monitored in real time through the control cabinet, the fan, the fuel gas proportion, the feeding quantity, the ash discharge quantity and the combustion flue gas circulating discharge quantity are controlled in a programmed and automatic mode, and continuous, high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption and pollution-free treatment of medical wastes is achieved.
6. The invention ensures that the material is in a fluidized state in the gasification process, and compared with the traditional static accumulation gasification, the material is heated more uniformly and gasified more fully without a gasification 'blind zone'.
7. The invention uses the pulse combustor to heat, has high combustion efficiency and strong adaptability, and improves the heating quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
1-synthetic gas return pipe, 2-first control valve, 3-fluidized bed gasification reactor, 4-second control valve, 5-combustion flue gas second branch pipe, 6-flue gas purification unit, 7-crushing feeding device, 8-crushing gear, 9-spiral feeder, 10-motor, 11-spiral discharger, 12-PLC control cabinet, 13-ash collection device, 14-steam generator, 15-steam flow control valve, 16-carbon discharge port, 17-pulse combustor, 18-first fan, 19-fan flow control valve, 20-second fan, 21-liquefied petroleum gas, 22-fuel flow control valve, 23-combustion flue gas first branch pipe, 24-jacket, 25-heat exchanger, 26-combustion chamber, 27-cyclone separator, 28-pressure sensor, 29-temperature sensor
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment device with self-supplied heat energy is innovative in that: comprises a feeding device 7, a crushing gear 8 is installed on the feeding device 7, a spiral feeder 9 is installed below the crushing gear 8, the spiral feeder 9 passes through a combustion chamber 26 and is connected with the middle lower part of a gasification reactor 3, the gasification reactor 3 is installed in the combustion chamber 26 and penetrates through the combustion chamber 26, sealing parts are arranged at the connection part of the gasification reactor and the combustion chamber, a synthetic gas return pipe is arranged at the upper end of the gasification reactor and is connected with the combustor through a cyclone separator and a heat exchanger, a mixer air inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the gasification reactor, the middle lower part of the gasification reactor 3 is connected with the combustion chamber 26 through a charcoal discharge port 16, sufficient gasification temperature is provided by the fixed combustion chamber at the outer side of the gasification reactor, the combustion chamber combustor is connected with the synthetic gas return pipe 1, liquefied petroleum gas 21 and a second fan 20, a fuel flow control valve 22 and a fan flow control, the heat preservation is all laid to the combustion chamber outer wall, and burning flue gas back flow divide into the first branch pipe of burning flue gas 23 and burning flue gas second branch pipe 5, and the first branch pipe of burning flue gas 32 is connected to gasification reactor 3 bottom blender intake pipes through heat exchanger 25, first fan 18, and mix the back with steam according to a certain proportion and get into gasification reactor, the first branch pipe of burning flue gas 23 and steam generating device 15 on all be provided with flow control valve, flow control valve all be connected to switch board 12, the evacuation after burning flue gas second branch pipe 5 purifies 6 through gas cleaning device.
Opening a gas flow control valve 22 and a second fan 20, igniting a pulse combustor 17 for preheating, opening a first control valve 2 and a steam generating device 14 to mix combustion flue gas and steam in a mixed gas inlet pipe and blow the mixture into a gasification reaction chamber 3 to provide a high-temperature fluidized gas and steam anaerobic environment for the gasification reaction chamber, opening a second control valve 4 to flow redundant combustion flue gas to a flue gas purification unit 6 through a combustion flue gas second branch pipe 5 for discharging, ensuring cleanness, detecting the temperature in the gasification reactor through a control cabinet 12, adding medical wastes through a feeding device when the temperature reaches a preset temperature, controlling the feeding speed by controlling a spiral feeder 11, allowing the materials to enter a gasification area, quickly and uniformly gasifying the materials under the fluidization of the high-temperature fluidized gas, discharging the gasified biochar to a combustion chamber 26 through a carbon discharge port 16, and burning and supplying heat in the combustion chamber, the ash content generated after combustion is conveyed to the ash content collecting device 13 through the spiral discharging device 11, tar and synthetic gas obtained by gasification serve as fuel and flow to the pulse combustor 17 through the cyclone separator 27 and the heat exchanger 25 through the synthetic gas return pipe 1, heat is provided through combustion tail gas in the heat exchanger 25 to avoid condensation of the tar of the synthetic gas, and after the synthetic gas flows to the combustor 25, the gas control valve 22 is adjusted to reduce consumption of liquefied petroleum gas 21, so that energy is saved.
The control cabinet 12 is connected with the temperature sensor 29, the control valves and the motors, monitors the temperature, the feeding quantity, the ash discharge quantity and the fuel consumption flow in real time in the whole process, and automatically regulates and controls the temperature, the feeding quantity, the ash discharge quantity and the fuel consumption flow, thereby realizing continuous, high-efficiency, low-energy-consumption and pollution-free treatment of medical wastes.
Claims (9)
1. A medical waste continuous gasification incineration treatment device with self-supplied heat energy is characterized in that: the system comprises a crushing feeding device, a fluidized bed gasification reaction chamber, a combustion heat supply device, an ash content collecting device, a heat exchange device, a steam generating device, a control system and a tail gas recycling device; the crushing and feeding device is provided with a crushing gear 8 and a screw feeder 9; the fluidized bed gasification reaction chamber 3 is positioned in the combustion chamber 26 and penetrates through the combustion chamber, a feed inlet and a charcoal outlet 16 are arranged at the two ends of the middle lower side, the charcoal outlet 16 is connected with the combustion chamber 26, and a synthetic gas return pipe 1 at the upper end of the gasification reaction chamber 3 is connected with a pulse combustor 17 at the lower end of a combustion device through a heat exchanger 25; a heat-insulating jacket 24 and a pulse combustor 17 are installed in the combustion heat supply device, the pulse combustor is connected with liquefied petroleum gas 21, a second fan 20 and a synthetic gas return pipe 1, the lower end of the combustion heat supply device is connected with an ash collection device 13, and internal combustion flue gas flows back to the gasification reaction chamber 3 through a combustion flue gas first branch pipe 23 and a heat exchanger 25 or flows to the flue gas purification unit 6 through a combustion flue gas second branch pipe 5; the control system 12 adjusts the gasification temperature in the monitoring device and automatically controls the fan, the gas proportion, the feeding quantity, the ash discharge quantity and the combustion flue gas circulating discharge quantity in a programmed mode.
2. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 1, wherein: the crushing and feeding device consists of a crushing gear 8, a screw feeder 9 and a screw motor 10, the screw feeder 9 passes through the outer layer combustion chamber 26 to be connected to the middle lower part of the gasification reactor 3, and the screw motor 10 is connected to the control unit 12.
3. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 1, wherein: the combustion heat supply device is outside the gasification reaction and consists of a jacket 24, a pulse combustor 17, flue gas pipelines (5 and 23) and an ash outlet, wherein heat-insulating layers are paved in the jacket 24.
4. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 5, wherein: the pulsation combustor is connected with a Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)21, a second fan 20 and a synthetic gas return pipe 1, a fuel gas control valve 22 is arranged between the LPG 21 and the pulsation combustor 17, a fan flow control valve 19 is arranged between the second fan 20 and the pulsation combustor 17, and the flow control valves are connected to the control unit 12.
5. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 5, wherein: the flue gas pipeline is divided into a first branch pipe 23 and a second branch pipe 5, the first branch pipe 23 is connected to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 3 through a heat exchanger 25 and a first fan 18, a first control valve 2 is arranged on the first branch pipe 23, and the first control valve 2 is connected to the control unit 12; the second branch pipe 5 is connected to a flue gas purification unit 6, a second control valve 4 is arranged on the second branch pipe 5, and the second control valve 4 is connected to the control unit 12.
6. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange device 25 exchanges heat with the synthesis gas return pipe 1 through the first branch pipe 23 of the combustion flue gas, and condensation of condensable tar and synthesis gas is avoided.
7. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 5, wherein: the ash outlet is connected with an ash collecting device 13 through a spiral discharging device 11, and the spiral motor 10 is connected to the control unit 12.
8. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 1, wherein: the steam generating device 14 is supplied with heat by waste heat of the combustion chamber 26, no external energy is needed, the generated steam is combined with the first branch pipe 23 of the combustion flue gas through the flow control valve 15 to provide fluidizing gas for the gasification reactor together, and the steam flow control valve 15 is connected to the control unit 12.
9. The apparatus for continuously gasifying and incinerating medical waste with self-supplied thermal energy according to claim 1, wherein: the control device comprises a control cabinet 12, a temperature sensor 29, a pressure sensor 28, a fuel gas flow control valve 22, a fan flow control valve 19, a first control valve 2, a second control valve 4, a spiral feeding motor 9 and a spiral ash discharging motor 11.
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