Carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber production and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace.
Background
In the production process of the carbon fiber, the pre-oxidized fiber is subjected to thermal decomposition reaction in the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace to produce a large amount of waste gas, tar and carbon powder, and along with the production time, the waste gas enters the incinerator for incineration treatment under the action of a waste discharge fan, but the carbon powder is gathered on the inner wall of the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace, especially the top part of the furnace to form sediment under the action of the tar. After the sediment reaches a certain thickness, the uniformity of the original temperature field in the furnace can be affected, and if falling off occurs, the sediment can be adhered to the surface of the running filament bundle to cause fiber defects. In the prior art, the cleaning of waste solids of an exhaust gas pipeline of a carbonization furnace is paid more attention to, and the cleaning of the interior of the carbonization furnace, particularly the inner wall of the furnace, is realized by adopting a more traditional cleaning mode at present, for example, when the carbonization furnace is stopped, an iron rake is used for cleaning the furnace, so that the problems of firstly, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace is long, a plurality of dead areas are difficult to clean, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, the cleaning effect is not ideal, secondly, the service life of a hearth is greatly reduced by repeatedly scraping boiler cleaning-off walls during cleaning, and the invention is provided based on the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace, wherein the adsorption transport carrier is used for adsorbing particles which are possibly deposited, such as carbon powder and the like formed in the carbonization process, synchronous transfer and transport of the deposits in the furnace can be realized while the tows are carbonized, the probability that the particles in the furnace are deposited on the top wall of the furnace body of the carbonization furnace is effectively reduced, the cleaning work difficulty of the deposits on the furnace top is greatly reduced, and the service life of a hearth is prolonged to the greatest extent.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace, which comprises a carbonization furnace body, wherein the carbonization furnace body is provided with a tow running channel along the running direction of tows, an adsorption transport carrier is arranged between the tows and the top wall of the carbonization furnace body, and the adsorption transport carrier can circularly run inside and outside a furnace chamber of the carbonization furnace body.
Preferably, the carbonization furnace body comprises a tow inlet pipe and a tow outlet pipe corresponding to the tow running channel, and the adsorption transport carrier at least partially passes through the tow inlet pipe and the tow outlet pipe.
Preferably, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a carrier motion driving unit, wherein the carrier motion driving unit comprises a plurality of rotating rollers for tensioning and erecting the adsorption transport carrier, and at least one of the rotating rollers is in driving connection with the rotary driving part.
Preferably, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a vacuum collection part, and a negative pressure port of the vacuum collection part is arranged adjacent to the adsorption transport carrier and used for adsorbing sediment adsorbed by the adsorption transport carrier.
Preferably, the vacuum collection member is located outside the cavity.
Preferably, the adsorption transport carrier comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section, and further comprises a sediment sweeping component, wherein the sediment sweeping component is arranged adjacent to the vertical section, and the vacuum collecting component is arranged below the sediment sweeping component so as to receive sediment swept by the sediment sweeping component.
Preferably, the circulating direction of the adsorption transport carrier is directed from the vacuum collection part toward the deposit cleaning part.
Preferably, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a dust cover, wherein the dust cover is at least covered on a cleaning area where the adsorption transport carrier is in contact with the sediment cleaning component, and a negative pressure port of the vacuum collection component is positioned in a covering range of the dust cover.
Preferably, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a waste discharge pipeline, and the waste discharge pipeline is positioned on the side vertical wall of the furnace chamber.
According to the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace provided by the invention, the adsorption transport carrier is positioned between the tows and the top wall of the carbonization furnace body, so that particles such as carbon particles and the like in the upwards-floating carbonization tail gas can be adsorbed on the adsorption transport carrier, the probability and severity of deposition on the top wall of the carbonization furnace are effectively reduced, and the adsorption transport carrier can circularly operate inside and outside the furnace chamber, so that the particles adsorbed on the adsorption transport carrier can be conveniently and rapidly cleaned outside the furnace chamber, the cleaning difficulty of furnace top sediment is greatly reduced, the cleaning frequency of the furnace chamber is reduced, the service life of the furnace chamber is prolonged to the greatest extent, and meanwhile, the operation of the adsorption transport carrier can be synchronously realized in the carbonization process of the tows, the carbonization furnace is not required to be stopped for cleaning, and the flexibility and the efficiency of furnace chamber cleaning are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature carbonization furnace for carbon fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the carbonization furnace body in FIG. 1 (showing the relative positional relationship of the adsorption transport carrier and the tow).
The reference numerals are expressed as:
1. The device comprises a carbonization furnace body, an oven chamber, 12, a tow inlet pipeline, 13, a tow outlet pipeline, 14, a waste discharge pipeline, 2, an adsorption transport carrier, 21, a horizontal section, 22, a vertical section, 31, a rotating roller, 32, a rotary driving part, 4, a vacuum collecting part, 5, a sediment cleaning part, 6, a dust cover, 100 and a tow.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a carbon fiber low temperature carbonization furnace, comprising a carbonization furnace body 1, wherein the carbonization furnace body 1 has a strand travel path along a travel direction of a strand 100, and an adsorption transport carrier 2 is provided between the strand 100 and a top wall of the carbonization furnace body 1, and the adsorption transport carrier 2 is capable of circulating inside and outside a furnace chamber 11 of the carbonization furnace body 1. In this technical scheme, the adsorption and transport carrier 2 is located between the filament bundle 100 and the top wall of the carbonization furnace body 1, so that particles in the upper floating carbonization tail gas, such as carbon particles, can be adsorbed on the adsorption and transport carrier, so that the probability and severity of deposition on the top wall of the carbonization furnace can be effectively reduced, and the adsorption and transport carrier 2 can circulate inside and outside the furnace chamber 11, so that the particles adsorbed on the adsorption and transport carrier 2 can be conveniently and rapidly cleaned outside the furnace chamber 11, the difficulty of cleaning the furnace top deposit is greatly reduced, the frequency of cleaning (such as scraping and sweeping in the prior art) of the furnace hearth is reduced, the service life of the furnace hearth is prolonged to the greatest extent, and meanwhile, the operation of the adsorption and transport carrier 2 can be synchronously realized in the carbonization process of the filament bundle 100 without stopping the carbonization furnace, so that the flexibility and efficiency of cleaning the furnace chamber are greatly improved. Preferably, the adsorption and transport carrier 2 is made of carbon fiber fabric, which realizes the particle adsorption function through micropores of the carrier and can adapt to the temperature environment of the low-temperature carbonization furnace.
The carbonization furnace body 1 comprises a tow inlet pipe 12 and a tow outlet pipe 13 corresponding to the tow running channels, the adsorption transport carrier 2 at least partially passes through the tow inlet pipe 12 and the tow outlet pipe 13, specifically, the adsorption transport carrier 2 has a horizontal section 21 positioned in the furnace chamber 11 and parallel to the running direction of the tow 100, and it is understood that the horizontal section 21 can be dynamically changed along with the running condition of the adsorption transport carrier 2, in the technical scheme, the horizontal section 21 and the tow 100 share the tow inlet pipe 12 and the tow outlet pipe 13, so that the sealing treatment of the junction part of the horizontal section 21 entering the furnace chamber 11 can be simplified, that is, the sealing structure of the tow can be realized by utilizing the prior art (as can be understood, the necessary improvement on the height dimension).
The adsorption transport carrier 2 can be stretched by a supporting frame in the area outside the furnace chamber 11, when cleaning is needed, the adsorption transport carrier 2 is pulled out of the furnace chamber 11 manually and then cleaned as necessary, and more preferably, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a carrier motion driving unit, the carrier motion driving unit comprises a plurality of rotating rollers 31 for stretching and stretching the adsorption transport carrier 2, at least one of the plurality of rotating rollers 31 is in driving connection with a rotation driving component, for example, a conventional rotating motor is adopted, the corresponding rotating rollers 31 are driven by the rotating motor to serve as driving rollers to rotate, the adsorption transport carrier 2 is further forced to circularly rotate around the peripheral walls of the plurality of rotating rollers 31, the circulation requirements inside and outside the furnace chamber 11 are achieved, and as a result, the rest of the plurality of rotating rollers 31 are used as driven rollers to mainly realize the function of stretching the adsorption transport carrier 2, and as a known, the plurality of rotating rollers 31 are arranged on corresponding supports in a pivoted mode, and the invention is not repeated.
Preferably, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a vacuum collecting component 4, a negative pressure port of the vacuum collecting component is adjacent to the adsorption and transportation carrier 2 and is used for adsorbing the sediment adsorbed by the adsorption and transportation carrier 2, the vacuum collecting component 4 is, for example, a vacuum generator in the prior art, generates vacuum negative pressure by utilizing a venturi effect, and further realizes adsorption and collection of objects through the negative pressure, a pressure air source of the vacuum collecting component 4 can be sourced from an air compressor or can be provided by adopting a workshop-ready pressure air pipeline, and preferably, the vacuum collecting component 4 is positioned outside the furnace chamber 11 so as to reduce the requirement on material selection of the vacuum generator.
As shown in fig. 1, the adsorption transport carrier 2 further includes a vertical section 22, and a deposit cleaning member 5, the deposit cleaning member 5 being disposed adjacent to the vertical section 22, and the vacuum collection member 4 being located below the deposit cleaning member 5 to receive the deposit cleaned by the deposit cleaning member 5. The sediment cleaning component 5 adopts a rolling brush, the rolling brush is controlled by a driving motor to realize rotation, the rolling brush can clean sediment adhered to the adsorption transport carrier 2 in a physical contact manner in the rotation process, the cleaning effect is better, and the vacuum collecting component 4 below the rolling brush can collect the sediment cleaned by the sediment cleaning component 5 in time, so that the structure is more reasonable. More preferably, the circulation direction of the adsorption and transportation carrier 2 is from the vacuum collection component 4 to the sediment cleaning component 5, that is, the adsorption and transportation carrier 2 is circulated and transported clockwise as shown in fig. 1, at this time, it is ensured that the vacuum collection component 4 is used for carrying out non-contact negative pressure cleaning on the adsorption and transportation carrier 2, and then the sediment cleaning component 5 is used for carrying out physical contact for clarity, and the dirt degree of the sediment cleaning component 5 in the subsequent process can be effectively reduced while the cleaning effect is improved, so that the service life of the device is prolonged, the replacement frequency is reduced, and the maintenance cost of the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace is reduced.
Preferably, the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a dust cover 6, the dust cover 6 is at least covered on the cleaning area where the adsorption and transportation carrier 2 is contacted with the sediment cleaning component 5, the negative pressure port of the vacuum collecting component 4 is positioned in the covering range of the dust cover 6, so that dust generated by the sediment cleaning component 5 in the cleaning process is prevented from escaping, the environmental protection performance of the device is improved, and the dust cover 6 is preferably made of transparent materials such as transparent plastics, so that the running state of internal moving components can be observed in real time. In order to reduce the overall size of the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace, it is preferable that the carbon fiber low-temperature carbonization furnace further comprises a waste discharge pipe 14, wherein the waste discharge pipe 14 is positioned on the side vertical wall of the furnace chamber 11 instead of the top wall, so that the adsorption and transport carrier 2 is designed to completely shield the top wall of the carbonization furnace body 1, and meanwhile, the exhaust of the furnace chamber 11 is not adversely affected.
In order to effectively clean the carbonized waste gas of the tow 100, it is preferable that a cleaning nozzle is further provided adjacent to the sediment cleaning unit 5, through which the tar is sprayed to clean the tar, and accordingly, a drying structure is further required to dry the cleaned absorbent carrier 2 before the absorbent carrier 2 is recycled into the furnace chamber 11, so as to prevent the detergent from dripping in the furnace chamber 11 to damage the tow 100, for example, the drying structure may include a cavity for the absorbent carrier 2 to enter and exit, and the waste discharge pipe 14 at least partially flows through the cavity to dry the absorbent carrier 2 by using the temperature of the waste gas in the waste discharge pipe 14 (typically about 400 ℃), which is energy-saving and environment-friendly. As a specific implementation manner, for example, the drying structure includes a drying cavity, a heat exchange component (such as a heat exchanger) is disposed in the drying cavity, the heat exchange component is connected to the waste discharge pipeline 14 in a penetrating manner, a fan component corresponding to the heat exchange component is disposed in the drying cavity, the adsorption transport carrier 2 is transported from the drying cavity, the fan component drives air to flow in the drying cavity and exchange heat with the waste gas in the heat exchange component, so that efficient drying of the adsorption transport carrier 2 after being cleaned before entering the furnace cavity 11 again by using the temperature of the waste gas is realized.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above advantageous ways can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.