CN111665343A - Soil erosion test device and test method for slope trench system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil erosion prevention and control, and provides a soil erosion test device and a test method for a slope-ditch system. The soil erosion test device of the slope and trench system includes a test soil tank, a first connecting plate is provided on the top of the first side of the test soil tank, a first water conveying pipe is provided on the first connecting plate, and a second side of the test soil tank is provided There is a second connecting plate on the top of the water pipe, and a second water delivery pipe is arranged on the second connecting plate. The test method includes the following steps: filling the soil to be tested in a test soil tank; supplying water to a first water pipe, flowing into the test soil tank through a first water outlet, supplying water to a second water pipe, and flowing into the test soil through the second water outlet In the tank; collect runoff sediment at the outlet end of the lower part of the test soil tank. The invention increases the experimental simulation of trench erosion, increases the comprehensiveness of research on trench erosion and slope erosion on both sides of the slope-ditch system, and improves the accuracy of soil erosion research results in the slope-ditch system.

Description

Soil erosion test device and test method for slope trench system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil erosion prevention and control, in particular to a soil erosion test device and a test method for a slope and ditch system.

Background technique

Soil erosion is an important environmental problem affecting human survival and development. It not only causes the deterioration of the local ecological environment and the decline of land productivity, but also seriously affects the healthy operation of rivers and ecological security.

Soil erosion leads to serious land degradation; siltation of rivers, lakes and reservoirs aggravates flood disasters; weakens ecosystem regulation functions, aggravates drought losses and non-point source pollution, posing a serious threat to ecological security and drinking water security. Therefore, there is an urgent need to carry out research on soil erosion control.

Gully erosion is an important part of the water erosion process, which has an important influence and contribution to the erosion and sediment production of the watershed. At present, the research on gully erosion monitoring mainly includes field prototype observation and indoor simulation test observation. Under natural conditions, the runoff from the slope and gully system is continuously collected on the slope surface during the rainfall process and finally merges into the channel. Since the shear force and runoff erosion capacity of the channel runoff are significantly greater than the thin-layer water flow on both sides of the slope, it causes gully erosion. The amount is significantly larger than the slope erosion amount. In addition, due to the strong erosion and transport capacity of the channel runoff, the erosion of the channel is mainly dominated by the erosion and transport process, and the deposition process rarely occurs. The deposition process in the slope-ditch system mainly occurred at the slope toe and where the topography changed obviously. In order to carry out quantitative observation and research on the gully erosion process, the researchers firstly monitored the gully erosion process by establishing runoff plots on natural slopes in the field, and secondly, conducted simulated rainfall and confluence experiments in indoor experimental soil tanks to study the development process of gully erosion. .

However, in the current research on the indoor simulated gully erosion process, the water outlet of the gully is a water collecting tank with a fixed height. In fact, due to the fast erosion rate of the gully undercut, the height of the water outlet of the gully will be lower than that in the simulated rainfall process. The height of the water collection tank caused serious deposition at the channel outlet during the experimental observation process. On the one hand, it restricted the natural incision process of the channel and could not accurately simulate the natural channel erosion process; on the other hand, the monitored channel erosion amount was less than The actual amount of gully erosion cannot truly reflect the essential law of soil erosion in the slope and gully system. What is more serious is that once the water outlet of the ditch is excessively silted up, a temporary micro-miniature "dam reservoir" will be formed, which will block the runoff from flowing out of the ditch, resulting in the failure to complete the test. Observations and experiments failed. In addition, in the current gully erosion simulation test research, only a water collecting tank is installed at the exit of the test soil tank to observe the erosion of sediment in the slope and ditch system. The amount of runoff and sediment cannot evaluate the contribution of gully erosion to the erosion of the slope and gully system, and it is difficult to provide theoretical guidance for erosion control.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a soil erosion test device for a slope-ditch system to solve the problem of inability to distinguish between the amount of ditch erosion in the trench of the slope-ditch system and the amount of erosion on the slopes on both sides of the trench.

The invention also provides a soil erosion test method for a slope trench system.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a slope trench system erosion test device includes a test soil tank for filling the soil to be tested, a first connecting plate is provided on the top of the first side of the test soil tank, and the test soil tank is provided with a first connecting plate. The first connecting plate is provided with a first water delivery pipe along its length direction, the first water delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of first water outlet holes along its length direction, and the said first water delivery pipe opposite to the first side of the test soil tank The top of the second side of the test soil tank is provided with a second connecting plate, the second connecting plate is provided with a second water pipe along its length direction, and a plurality of first water pipes are provided on the second water pipe along its length direction. Two water outlet holes.

According to an erosion test device for a slope trench system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, a first connecting plate is provided on the top of the first side of the test soil trench, and a second connecting plate is provided on the top of the second side of the test soil trench, and A first water delivery pipe with a first water outlet hole is arranged on the first connecting plate, and a second water delivery pipe with a second water outlet hole is arranged on the second connecting plate, so as to realize the input confluence pair test on both sides of the simulated test soil tank. The soil erosion in the soil groove increases the soil erosion test simulation situation of the slope and gully system, increases the comprehensiveness of the research on the slope and gully system channel erosion and the slope erosion on both sides, and improves the accuracy of the soil erosion research results of the slope and gully system. A comprehensive understanding of the essential laws of soil erosion in the slope-ditch system was deepened.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting side of the first connecting plate is hinged with the top of the first side of the test soil tank, and the movable side of the first connecting plate is connected with the output end of the second lifting member, The second lifting member is used to adjust the size of the included angle between the first connecting plate and the top surface of the test soil tank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the connecting side of the second connecting plate is hinged with the top of the second side of the test soil tank, and the movable side of the second connecting plate is connected with the output end of the third lifting member, The third lifting member is used to adjust the size of the included angle between the second connecting plate and the top surface of the test soil tank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the first water delivery pipe are connected to the first water supply pipe, and both ends of the second water delivery pipe are connected to the second water supply pipe;

The first water outlet hole is connected with a first needle tube, and the second water outlet hole is connected with a second needle tube.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises a steady flow box, and the water inlet of the first end of the test soil tank is connected with the water outlet of the steady flow box through the steady flow groove;

There are energy dissipating stones in the steady flow groove.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet of the steady flow box is connected to a third water supply pipe, and the third water supply pipe is provided with a valve;

The steady flow box is also provided with an overflow port.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the first end of the test soil tank is provided with a first lifting member for adjusting the inclination angle of the test soil tank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a first collecting tank, the first collecting tank is communicated with the second end of the test soil tank, and the height of the water inlet of the first collecting tank is the same as the height of the water inlet of the first collecting tank. The height of the water outlet at the second end of the test soil tank is the same;

A baffle is arranged between the first collecting tank and the test soil tank, and the size of the baffle is adapted to the size of the water inlet of the first collecting tank. The test soil tank is moved up and down in the height direction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a second collecting groove and a third collecting groove respectively provided on both sides of the first collecting groove along the width direction of the test soil groove, the second collecting groove Both the tank and the third collecting tank are communicated with the test soil tank;

The width of the water inlet of the first collection tank, the water inlet of the second collection tank and the water inlet of the third collection tank is the same as the width of the water outlet at the second end of the test soil tank.

According to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a slope and groove system erosion test method based on the slope and groove system soil erosion test device includes the following steps:

Fill the test soil tank with the soil to be tested;

Supply water to the first water delivery pipe, flow into the test soil tank through the first water outlet hole, and supply water to the second water delivery pipe, and flow into the test soil tank through the second water outlet hole;

The runoff sediment was collected at the outlet end of the runoff sediment in the lower part of the test soil tank.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil erosion test device for a slope and ditch system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the test soil groove in the soil erosion test device of the slope groove system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a side view of a test soil tank in a soil erosion test device for a slope and trench system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference number:

1: Test soil tank; 2: The first connecting plate; 3: The first water pipe; 4: The first needle pipe; 5: The second connecting plate; 6: The first valve; 7: The second valve; 8: The steady flow box ;9: Steady flow tank; 10: Third valve; 11: First collecting tank; 12: Energy dissipating stone; 13: Second collecting tank; 14: Third collecting tank; 16: Second water delivery pipe; 17: second needle; 18: baffle.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right" , "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing this Inventive embodiments and simplified descriptions are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, Or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention in specific situations.

In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first feature and the second feature, or the first feature and the second feature pass through the middle indirect contact with the media. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structures, materials, or features are included in at least one example or example of embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a soil erosion test device for a slope and trench system, including a test soil tank 1 for filling the soil to be tested. The top of the first side of the test soil tank 1 is provided with a third A connecting plate 2, the first connecting plate 2 is provided with a first water pipe 3 along its length direction, the first water pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of first water outlet holes along its length direction, and the first water pipe 3 of the test soil tank 1 is provided with The top of the second side of the test soil tank 1 opposite to the side is provided with a second connecting plate 5, the second connecting plate 5 is provided with a second water delivery pipe 16 along its length direction, and the second water delivery pipe 16 is provided along its length direction. There are multiple second water outlet holes. It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention is used to analyze the influencing factors of soil erosion in a simulated rainfall test and a simulated runoff test.

Specifically, the test soil tank 1 is used to fill the soil to be tested. In order to simulate the soil erosion of the slope trench system, the test soil tank 1 is inclined and set up. Adjustment. The top of the first side of the test soil tank 1 is provided with a first connecting plate 2, the length of the first connecting plate 2 is the same as the length of the first side of the test soil tank 1, and the first connecting plate 2 is inclined and arranged on the test soil tank. On the upper side of the upper end surface of 1, the extension line of the first connecting plate 2 is located in the test soil tank 1.

Wherein, the first connecting plate 2 is provided with a first water delivery pipe 3 along its length direction, and the first water delivery pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of first water outlet holes along its length direction, so as to pass the first side of the test soil tank 1 Input water into the test soil tank 1, and a plurality of first water outlet holes are evenly arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the first water delivery pipe 3, so as to simulate the actual slope confluence situation as much as possible, improve the accuracy of the test results, and realize the simulation test The first side of the soil tank 1 enters the erosion of the soil by the confluence.

Further, the top of the second side of the test soil tank 1 is provided with a second connecting plate 5, and the second side is opposite to the first side. The length of the second connecting plate 5 is the same as the length of the second side of the test soil tank 1, and the second connecting plate 5 is obliquely arranged on the upper side of the upper end surface of the test soil tank 1, and the extension line of the second connecting plate 5 is located in the test soil tank 1. In the soil trench 1 , the inclination direction of the second connecting plate 5 is opposite to the inclination direction of the first connecting plate 2 .

Wherein, the second connecting plate 5 is provided with a second water delivery pipe 16 along its length direction, and the second water delivery pipe 16 is provided with a plurality of second water outlet holes along its length direction, so that the second side of the test soil tank 1 is A confluence was input into the test soil tank 1 . A plurality of second water outlet holes are evenly arranged at equal intervals along the length of the second water delivery pipe 16 to simulate the actual situation of the lateral confluence as realistically as possible, so as to simulate the erosion of the soil by the input confluence on the second side of the test soil tank 1 .

According to a soil erosion test device for a slope trench system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, a first connecting plate 2 is provided on the top of the first side of the test soil tank 1, and a second connection plate 2 is provided on the top of the second side of the test soil tank 1. Connect the plate 5, and set the first water pipe 3 with the first water outlet on the first connection plate 2, and set the second water pipe 16 with the second water outlet on the second connection plate 5, so as to realize the test The erosion of the soil in the test soil groove 1 by the input confluence on both sides of the soil groove 1 increases the comprehensiveness of the research on the channel erosion of the slope-ditch system and the slope erosion on both sides, and improves the accuracy of the soil erosion research results of the slope-ditch system. A comprehensive understanding of the essential laws of soil erosion in the slope-ditch system was deepened.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the connecting side of the first connecting plate 2 is hinged with the top of the first side of the test soil tank 1, the movable side of the first connecting plate 2 is connected with the output end of the second lifting member, and the second The lifting member is used to adjust the size of the included angle between the first connecting plate 2 and the top surface of the test soil tank 1 . It can be understood that the bottom side of the first connecting plate 2 is the connecting side, which is hinged with the upper end of the side wall of the first side of the test soil tank 1, so that the inclination angle of the first connecting plate 2 can be adjusted, thereby simulating various settings. Under the ground slope, the erosion of the soil by the confluence of the slope surface. The upper side of the first connecting plate 2 is the movable side, which is connected with the output end of the second lifting member. By controlling the lifting height of the output end of the second lifting member, the first connecting plate 2 rotates around the junction to realize the connection between the first connecting plate and the first connecting plate. The inclination angle of 2 is the adjustment of the included angle between the first connecting plate 2 and the top surface of the test soil tank 1 . The second lifting member can be selected from electric cylinder or hydraulic cylinder.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the connecting side of the second connecting plate 5 is hinged with the top of the second side of the test soil tank 1, the movable side of the second connecting plate 5 is connected with the output end of the third lifting member, and the third The lifting piece is used to adjust the size of the included angle between the second connecting plate 5 and the top surface of the test soil tank 1 . It can be understood that the bottom side of the second connecting plate 5 is the connecting side, which is hinged with the upper end of the side wall of the second side of the test soil tank 1, so that the inclination angle of the second connecting plate 5 can be adjusted, thereby simulating various settings. Under the ground slope, the erosion of the soil by the confluence of the slope surface. The upper side of the second connecting plate 5 is the movable side, which is connected to the output end of the third lifting member. By controlling the lifting height of the output end of the third lifting member, the second connecting plate 5 rotates around the junction to realize the connection between the second connecting plate and the second connecting plate. The inclination angle of 5 is the adjustment of the included angle between the second connecting plate 5 and the top surface of the test soil tank 1 . The third lifting piece can be selected from electric cylinder or hydraulic cylinder.

In an embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the first water delivery pipe 3 are connected to the first water supply pipe, and both ends of the second water delivery pipe 16 are connected to the second water supply pipe. It can be understood that both ends of the first water delivery pipe 3 are water inlets, which are respectively connected with the first water supply pipe through connecting pipes, so as to ensure that the water pressure of the water flowing out of the first water outlet holes on the first water delivery pipe 3 is the same, and the test is improved. accuracy. Both ends of the second water delivery pipe 16 are water inlets, which are respectively connected to the second water supply pipe through connecting pipes to ensure that the water pressure of the water flowing out of the second water outlet holes on the second water delivery pipe 16 is the same, and the accuracy of the test is improved.

In one example, a first valve 6 is provided on the connecting pipe connected to one end of the first water delivery pipe 3, and a second valve 7 is provided on the connecting pipe connected to the other end of the first water delivery pipe 3, so as to cooperate with each other to adjust the first water supply. The pipe enters the pressure of the water in the first water pipe 3. A fourth valve is provided on the connecting pipe connected to one end of the second water delivery pipe 16 , and a fifth valve is provided on the connecting pipe connected to the other end of the second water delivery pipe 16 to cooperate with each other to adjust the entry of the second water supply pipe into the second water delivery pipe 16 internal water pressure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first water outlet hole is connected with the first needle tube 4 , and the second water outlet hole is connected with the second needle tube 17 . It can be understood that the upper end of the first needle tube 4 is connected to the first water outlet hole of the first water delivery pipe 3, and the first needle tube 4 corresponds to the first water outlet hole one-to-one. The lower end of the first needle tube 4 is set toward the test soil tank 1 to limit the flow direction of the water in the first water delivery pipe 3, so as to prevent the water pressure in the first water delivery pipe 3 from being too large, resulting in a circumferential spray at the first water outlet hole, affect the test results. At the same time, the water flow out of the first needle tube 4 flows down into the test soil tank 1 along the inclined direction of the first connecting plate 2, so as to achieve the effect of stabilizing the water flow.

Further, the upper end of the second needle tube 17 is connected to the second water outlet hole of the second water delivery tube 16, and the second needle tube 17 corresponds to the second water outlet hole one-to-one. The lower end of the second needle tube 17 is set toward the test soil tank 1 to limit the flow direction of the water in the second water delivery pipe 16, so as to prevent the water pressure in the second water delivery pipe 16 from being too large, resulting in a circumferential spray at the second water outlet hole, affect the test results. At the same time, the water flow from the second needle tube 17 flows downwardly into the test soil tank 1 along the inclination direction of the second connecting plate 5 to achieve the effect of stabilizing the water flow.

In one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a steady flow box 8. The water inlet of the first end of the test soil tank 1 is connected to the water outlet of the steady flow box 8 through the steady flow groove 9. Power Stone 12. It can be understood that the steady flow box 8 is used to adjust the water injection pressure, and the water flowing into the steady flow box 8 reduces the flow velocity in the steady flow box 8 , so that the water flows out of the steady flow box 8 smoothly. The upper end of the test soil tank 1 is the first end, and a stable flow tank 9 is arranged that communicates with the test soil tank 1. The water outlet of the stable flow tank 9 is connected to the water inlet of the test soil tank 1, and the water inlet of the stable flow tank 9 is connected to the water inlet of the test soil tank 1. The water outlet of the steady flow box 8 is connected, and the water flowing into the steady flow groove 9 is subjected to a secondary steady flow in the steady flow groove 9 to ensure that the water flow entering the test soil groove 1 is as close to the water flow velocity of the natural slope as possible to improve the test. accuracy.

Further, energy dissipating stones 12 are arranged in the steady flow groove 9, the length of the steady flow groove 9 is the same as the width of the test soil groove 1, the water flows into the steady flow groove 9, and under the action of the energy dissipation stone 12, a relatively uniform formation is formed. After the water flows, it enters the test soil tank 1.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet of the steady flow box 8 is connected to a third water supply pipe, the third water supply pipe is provided with a valve, and the steady flow box 8 is provided with an overflow port. It can be understood that, by arranging the third valve 10 on the third water supply pipe, the adjustment and control of the water pressure flowing into the steady flow tank 8 is realized. By arranging an overflow port on the steady flow box 8 to drain the excess water flow of the steady flow box 8, the water pressure of the steady flow box 8 is kept constant throughout the test process. The steady flow box 8 can be designed with different confluence flow rates of 0.5 to 100 L/min according to the test requirements.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the first end of the test soil tank 1 is provided with a first lifting member for adjusting the inclination angle of the test soil tank 1 . It can be understood that the output end of the first lifting member is connected to the bottom of the first end of the test soil tank 1, and the tilt angle of the test soil tank 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the lifting height of the output end of the first lifting member, thereby simulating different slopes. Under soil erosion test. In this embodiment, an electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder can be selected as the first lifting member, and the slope of the test soil tank 1 can be adjusted from 0° to 28°, the length is 1-10m, and the width is 0.5-3m according to the test requirements.

In an embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a first collecting tank 11, the first collecting tank 11 is communicated with the second end of the test soil tank 1, and the height of the water inlet of the first collecting tank 11 is the same as that of the test soil tank. The height of the water outlet at the second end of , the baffle 18 can move up and down along the height direction of the test soil tank 1 . It can be understood that the first collecting tank 11 is used to collect the runoff and erosion amount of the test soil tank 1 channel. Specifically, the lower end of the test soil tank 1 is the second end, and is provided with a water outlet, that is, the outlet end of the runoff sediment. The water inlet of the first collecting tank 11 is connected to the water outlet of the test soil tank 1, and the water inlet of the first collecting tank 11 is the same height as the water outlet of the test soil tank 1, which is used to prevent the erosion of the slope surface. The eroded sediment is completely collected, and the runoff sediment flows out from the water outlet of the first collecting tank 11 and is collected.

Further, since the erosion test process will produce erosion trenches, in order to accurately collect the eroded sediment during the erosion process of the trench, a height that can be along the test soil trench 1 is set between the first collecting tank 11 and the test soil tank 1. The baffle 18 moves up and down in the direction, the size of the baffle 18 is adapted to the size of the water inlet of the first collecting tank 11, and is used to adjust the height of the water outlet of the test soil tank 1 in real time during the monitoring process. Specifically, the upper end surface of the baffle plate 18 before the test is flush with the upper end side of the water inlet of the first collecting tank 11, so as to completely block the water inlet of the first collecting tank 11; when the test is started, move downward. With the baffle 18, the upper end surface of the baffle 18 is always flush with the plane where the lowest end of the erosion ditch is located, which ensures the collection of runoff and sediment during the continuous downward cutting of the erosion ditch during the test. In this embodiment, the baffle 18 is connected to the output end of the stepper motor, and the stepper motor is used to control the baffle 18 to move up and down, so as to realize the function of adjusting the height of the water inlet of the first collecting tank 11, thereby reducing the risk of sediment deposition. Uncertainty in the measurement of the amount of erosion brought about.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , it further includes a second collecting groove 13 and a third collecting groove 14 respectively provided on both sides of the first collecting groove 11 along the width direction of the test soil tank 1 . , the second collecting tank 13 and the third collecting tank 14 are connected with the test soil tank 1; The width of the water outlet is the same as that of the water outlet at the second end of the test soil tank 1 . It can be understood that the water outlet of the test soil tank 1 is respectively connected with the first collecting tank 11, the second collecting tank 13 and the third collecting tank 14, and the second collecting tank 13 and the third collecting tank 14 are respectively connected with each other. Set on both sides of the first collecting tank 11, it is used to collect the runoff and erosion on both sides of the test soil tank 1, that is, to collect the runoff and sediment on the slopes on both sides of the erosion ditch. The first collecting tank 11 is used for To collect runoff and sediment from eroded trenches. It ensures the separate monitoring of runoff and sediment in different parts of the slope surface and erosion ditch of the slope and gully system, which is beneficial to distinguish the contribution of channel erosion and slope erosion on both sides to the runoff and erosion of the slope and gully system, and deepens the impact on the nature of soil erosion in the slope and gully system. knowledge of the rules.

Further, the sum of the widths of the water inlet of the first collecting tank 11 , the water inlet of the second collecting tank 13 and the water inlet of the third collecting tank 14 is the same as the width of the water outlet at the second end of the test soil tank 1 . , to achieve complete collection of runoff and sediment on the slope surface of the slope and ditch system and the erosion ditch. The height of the water inlet of the second collecting tank 13 and the water inlet of the third collecting tank 14 is the same and both are smaller than the height of the water outlet at the second end of the test soil tank 1 .

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a soil erosion test method for a slope and ditch system based on the above-mentioned slope and ditch system erosion test device, comprising the following steps:

Fill the test soil tank 1 with the soil to be tested;

Supply water to the first water delivery pipe 3, flow into the test soil tank 1 through the first water outlet hole, and supply water to the second water delivery pipe 16, and flow into the test soil tank 1 through the second water outlet hole;

The runoff sediment was collected at the outlet end of the runoff sediment in the lower part of the test soil tank 1.

The soil erosion test method of the slope and ditch system according to the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

Simulated Rainfall Erosion Test:

Fill the test soil tank 1 with the soil to be tested, adjust the inclination angle of the test soil tank 1, and place the test soil tank 1 in a simulated rainfall environment. The runoff sediment is collected from the outlet of the first collecting tank 11.

Simulated rainfall and confluence test at the upper end of the test soil tank:

Fill the test soil tank 1 with the soil to be tested, adjust the inclination angle of the test soil tank 1, place the test soil tank 1 in a simulated rainfall environment, open the third valve 10 on the third water supply pipe, and the water supply is supplied by the third The water supply pipe enters the steady flow box 8, enters the steady flow tank 9 after the first steady flow action of the steady flow box 8, and enters the test soil bath 1 from the upper end of the test soil tank 1 after the second steady flow of the steady flow tank 9 Inside, the runoff sediment is collected by the water outlet of the first collecting tank 11 .

Simulate rainfall and confluence tests on both sides of the test soil tank:

Fill the test soil tank 1 with the soil to be tested, adjust the inclination angle of the test soil tank 1, place the test soil tank 1 in a simulated rainfall environment, and adjust the inclination angles of the first connecting plate 2 and the second connecting plate 5 to Simulate the required slope, open the first valve 6, the second valve 7, the fourth valve and the fifth valve, the first water supply pipe supplies water to the first water pipe 3, the second water supply pipe supplies water to the second water pipe 16, The needle tube 4 and the second needle tube 17 flow into the test soil tank 1, the runoff sediment in the channel is collected by the water outlet of the first collecting tank 11, and the water outlet of the second collecting tank 13 and the third collecting tank 14 respectively Collect runoff sediment on both sides of the slope.

Simulation of rainfall, confluence at the upper end of the test soil trough and confluence tests on both sides of the test soil trough:

Fill the test soil tank 1 with the soil to be tested, adjust the inclination angle of the test soil tank 1, place the test soil tank 1 in a simulated rainfall environment, and adjust the inclination angles of the first connecting plate 2 and the second connecting plate 5 to Simulate the required slope, open the first valve 6, the second valve 7, the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the third valve 10 on the third water supply pipe, and collect the runoff mud in the channel from the water outlet of the first collecting tank 11 Sand, the runoff sediment on the slopes on both sides is collected by the water outlets of the second collecting tank 13 and the third collecting tank 14 respectively.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications or equivalent replacements to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should cover within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a slope trench system soil erosion test device, is characterized in that, comprises the test soil tank in order to fill the soil to be tested, the top of the first side of the test soil tank is provided with the first connecting plate, the first The connecting plate is provided with a first water delivery pipe along its length direction, the first water delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of first water outlet holes along its length direction, and the test soil opposite to the first side of the test soil tank The top of the second side of the tank is provided with a second connecting plate, the second connecting plate is provided with a second water delivery pipe along its length direction, and a plurality of second water outlets are arranged on the second water delivery pipe along its length direction hole. 2 . The soil erosion test device for a slope trench system according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting side of the first connecting plate is hinged to the top of the first side of the test soil groove, and the first connecting plate is hinged. 3 . The movable side is connected with the output end of the second lifting member, and the second lifting member is used to adjust the size of the included angle between the first connecting plate and the top surface of the test soil tank. 3 . The soil erosion test device of the slope trench system according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting side of the second connecting plate is hinged with the top of the second side of the test soil groove, and the second connecting plate is hinged. 4 . The movable side is connected with the output end of the third lifting member, and the third lifting member is used to adjust the size of the included angle between the second connecting plate and the top surface of the test soil tank. 4 . The soil erosion test device for a slope trench system according to claim 1 , wherein both ends of the first water conveying pipe are connected to the first water supply pipe, and both ends of the second water conveying pipe are connected to the first water supply pipe. 5 . Two water supply pipe connection; The first water outlet hole is connected with a first needle tube, and the second water outlet hole is connected with a second needle tube. 5. The soil erosion test device of the slope and trench system according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising a steady flow box, and the water inlet of the first end of the test soil bath passes through the connection between the steady flow groove and the steady flow box. water outlet connection; There are energy dissipating stones in the steady flow groove. 6. The soil erosion test device of the slope trench system according to claim 5, wherein the water inlet of the steady flow box is connected with a third water supply pipe, and the third water supply pipe is provided with a valve; The steady flow box is also provided with an overflow port for ensuring a constant water supply. 7 . The soil erosion test device for a slope trench system according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom of the first end of the test soil tank is provided with a first lifting member for adjusting the inclination angle of the test soil tank. 8 . 8 . The soil erosion test device for a slope trench system according to claim 1 , further comprising a first collecting groove, the first collecting groove is communicated with the second end of the test soil groove, and the The height of the water inlet of the first collecting tank is the same as the height of the water outlet of the second end of the test soil tank; A baffle is arranged between the first collecting tank and the test soil tank, and the size of the baffle is adapted to the size of the water inlet of the first collecting tank. The test soil tank is moved up and down in the height direction. 9 . The soil erosion test device for a slope trench system according to claim 8 , further comprising second collecting grooves respectively provided on both sides of the first collecting groove along the width direction of the test soil groove. 10 . and a third collecting tank, both the second collecting tank and the third collecting tank are communicated with the test soil tank; The width of the water inlet of the first collection tank, the water inlet of the second collection tank and the water inlet of the third collection tank is the same as the width of the water outlet at the second end of the test soil tank. 10. A slope ditch system soil erosion test method based on the slope ditch system soil erosion test device described in any one of claims 1-9, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: Fill the test soil tank with the soil to be tested; Supply water to the first water delivery pipe, flow into the test soil tank through the first water outlet hole, and supply water to the second water delivery pipe, and flow into the test soil tank through the second water outlet hole; The runoff sediment was collected at the outlet end of the runoff sediment in the lower part of the test soil tank.

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