CN111657060A - An intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent edible fungus culturing equipment, comprising an equipment box and a plurality of incubators arranged outside the equipment box; a partition plate is arranged inside the incubator, and the incubator is divided into a front culturing chamber and a rear inner In the air duct, the lower part of the partition is provided with a return air filter port, and the upper part is provided with an air outlet grid; the inner air duct is provided with a cooling heat exchanger, a heater, a humidification component and an inner circulating air supply fan along the airflow direction; A fresh air component is arranged on the side between the return air filter and the refrigerating heat exchanger, and the other side of the inner air duct is arranged with an exhaust component for connecting the culture chamber with the outside world; An environmental sensor component is arranged on one side of the culture room; an intelligent control system and a central cold water system are arranged in the equipment box. The invention can accurately control the main factors related to the edible fungus culture, and can conduct multiple sets of experiments at the same time, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the edible fungus culture experiment and refined cultivation.

Description

An intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivation, in particular to an intelligent edible fungus cultivation device.

Background technique

The main condition factors for the growth of edible fungi are the appropriate temperature, humidity, light, and carbon dioxide concentration in different periods. In edible fungi research experiments, it is necessary to precisely control a variety of environmental factors and compare them at the same time, and to adjust and record the environmental factors as planned. In traditional experiments, multiple rooms are used to install air conditioners, fans and humidifiers for cultivation, so there are uneven experimental environments, low controllability, high site requirements, large floor space, expensive equipment, high energy consumption, and labor-intensive Shortcomings. However, the existing incubators have insufficient controllability and stability for temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration, and also lack the monitoring and control of illuminance, light color temperature, light color, ammonia gas concentration, and airflow velocity, enabling simultaneous comparison of multiple groups. The cost of the experiment is relatively high, and it is far from meeting the needs of edible fungus experiments and refined cultivation. On the other hand, the cultivation equipment used for a long time will accumulate harmful bacteria, pests and spores, which will seriously affect the growth of edible fungi and reduce the service life of the equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment that can precisely control various environmental factors, so that the main factors related to edible fungus cultivation are accurate, stable and controllable, and multiple groups of experiments can be performed simultaneously, and It is easy to disassemble, clean and disinfect, which greatly improves the efficiency of edible fungus culture experiments and refined cultivation.

For realizing the above purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

An intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment, comprising an equipment box and a plurality of incubators arranged outside the equipment box;

A partition is arranged inside the incubator, which divides the incubator into a culture chamber at the front and an inner air duct at the rear. The lower part of the partition is provided with a return air filter port, and the upper part is provided with an air outlet grid;

A refrigeration heat exchanger, a heater, a humidification component and an internal circulating air supply fan are arranged in the inner air duct along the airflow direction; a fresh air component is arranged on one side of the inner air duct between the return air filter and the refrigeration heat exchanger. The other side of the air duct is provided with an exhaust component for connecting the culture chamber with the outside world;

A lighting component is arranged on the top surface of the culture room, and an environmental sensor component is arranged on the side of the partition plate located in the culture room; drainage pipes are arranged on the bottom surface of the culture room and the inner air duct;

The equipment box is equipped with an intelligent control system and a central cold water system;

The central chilled water system is used to provide cooling antifreeze to the refrigerating heat exchangers of each incubator;

The intelligent control system controls the operation of the central cold water system, heater, humidification component, internal circulation air supply fan, lighting component, fresh air component and exhaust air component according to the preset operation program and the measured environmental parameters of the environmental sensor component.

As an improvement of the present invention, the box body of the incubator is mainly composed of an outer stainless steel plate, an intermediate polyurethane foam layer and an inner organic plate. It can improve the thermal insulation effect of the incubator, reduce the number and duration of cooling and heating, and reduce the impact on humidity during the cooling and heating process.

As an improvement of the present invention, the partitions inside the incubator are detachable organic partitions. It can be disassembled and cleaned by loosening the screw, which solves the problem of difficult disassembly and cleaning after the common inner air duct is polluted.

As an improvement of the present invention, both the fresh air assembly and the exhaust air assembly include a fan, a self-weight air duct check valve and a filter.

As an improvement of the present invention, the humidification assembly includes an ultrasonic atomizer, a water tank and a blower.

As an improvement of the present invention, the environment sensor assembly includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a light intensity sensor and an ammonia gas concentration sensor.

As an improvement of the present invention, the illumination assembly includes white light, warm white light, cool white light, red light, blue light, yellow light and PWM brightness adjuster.

As an improvement of the present invention, the central cold water system includes a refrigeration compressor, an air-cooled radiator, a cold water heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a cold water circulation pump, a cold water circulation pipeline, an expansion water tank and a refrigeration heat exchanger;

The primary side of the refrigeration compressor, the air-cooled radiator, the expansion valve, and the cold water heat exchanger are connected in sequence to form a refrigeration working fluid circuit; The pipes form an antifreeze circuit.

As an improvement of the present invention, the intelligent control system includes a PLC host set in the box and a man-machine control panel set on the cabinet door, and the man-machine control panel is used to set the running program and display the real-time values of various parameters. and equipment operation.

As an improvement of the present invention, a color video camera is arranged in the culture room, and a matching video surveillance video recorder is arranged in the equipment box, which is connected to an external display through an interface assembly arranged on the box door.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention adopts the combined design of equipment box and multiple incubators, which can flexibly utilize space, meet various site conditions, and achieve the scale pattern of 1 to N multi-connected independent control small spaces through the central cold water system and intelligent control system , All incubators have independent environments, and temperature, humidity, light, and gas do not affect each other. Not only can different growth environment tests be performed on different edible fungi in each incubator at the same time, but also multiple groups of control experiments can be performed on the same edible fungi. , solves the problem of mutual influence of experiments in a small space, and greatly improves the efficiency of edible fungus culture experiments and refined cultivation.

2. The present invention controls the temperature and humidity of the incubator by forming an inner air duct with a partition plate inside the incubator to cool, heat and humidify the inner circulating air, and has the advantages of uniform and moderate cooling, heating and humidification, and reduces the sudden temperature The effect of changes on edible fungi, the rapid and uniform humidification and temperature control effects improve the experimental accuracy and reduce the error between the humidity and temperature sensing values and the actual values.

3. The present invention uses detachable organic partitions to form an inner air duct inside the incubator, and the inner air duct and its built-in equipment can be disassembled and cleaned only by loosening the screws, which solves the common problem that the inner air duct is difficult to disassemble and wash after being polluted. In addition, the fresh air outlet and the inner circulation return air outlet are equipped with filters to prevent the pollution of the inner air duct.

4. The present invention coordinates humidification, temperature control, and ventilation through an intelligent control system, so that the effects of heating, cooling, and ventilation on humidity are reduced, and the temperature, humidity, illuminance, light color temperature, light color, and carbon dioxide concentration in the incubator can be accurately controlled. , ammonia concentration, airflow speed, and intelligently switch automatically according to the preset program time, and record the real-time value of the environment and monitoring video.

5. The multi-illuminance, multi-color temperature and multi-light color lighting system innovatively designed for edible mushroom cultivation provides more abundant and stable lighting experimental conditions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front schematic diagram of the intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment of the present embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the side schematic diagram of the intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment of the present embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the rear schematic diagram of the intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment of the present embodiment;

4 is a front cross-sectional view of the incubator of the present embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the side sectional view of the equipment box of the present embodiment;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of the central chilled water system of the present embodiment;

Description of reference numerals: 1-equipment box; 2-incubator; 3-partition plate; 4-return air filter; 5-air outlet grille; 6-refrigeration heat exchanger; 7-humidification assembly; 8-heater ;9-Internal circulation air supply fan;10-Fresh air component;11-Exhaust component;12-Environment sensor component;13-Light component;14-Color video camera;15-Drain pipe;16-Extension reserved hole; 17-PLC host; 18-man-machine control panel; 19-electrical control system; 20-video surveillance recorder; 21-interface components; 22-indicator light; 23-refrigeration compressor; 24-air cooling radiator; 25-expansion valve; 26-cold water heat exchanger; 27-cold water circulation pump; 28-cold water circulation pipeline; 29-expansion tank; 30-differential pressure valve.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , this embodiment discloses an intelligent edible fungus cultivation device, which includes an equipment box 1 and a plurality of incubators 2 arranged outside the equipment box. In this embodiment, the number of incubators 2 is 6, which are evenly distributed on both sides of the equipment box 1 to form a box body with a rectangular shape.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the box body of the incubator 2 is composed of the outermost stainless steel plate, the inner surface organic plate, and the middle polyurethane foam layer, and the front is provided with a stainless steel door. The stainless steel plate acts as a hard outer layer to stabilize the box. The inner organic plate is resistant to high humidity, anti-corrosion and easy to clean. The middle polyurethane layer plays the role of heat insulation and energy saving, which can improve the heat insulation effect of the incubator and reduce refrigeration. The number and duration of heating can reduce the impact on humidity during the cooling and heating process.

A detachable organic partition 3 is provided inside the incubator 2 near the back, so that the incubator 2 is divided into a culture chamber at the front and an inner air duct at the rear. The inner air duct is formed by the detachable organic partitions 3, and the inner air duct and its built-in equipment can be disassembled and cleaned only by loosening the screws, which effectively solves the problem that the common inner air duct is difficult to disassemble and wash after being polluted.

The lower part of the partition 3 is provided with a return air filter port 4, the upper part is provided with an air outlet grid 5, and the interior of the inner air duct is provided with a refrigeration heat exchanger 6, a humidification component 7, a heater 8 and an internal circulation air supply fan along the gas flow direction. 9. Realize the overall circulation and return of the gas in the incubator 2 .

The refrigerating heat exchanger 6 is close to the return air filter port 4, and the low temperature antifreeze liquid provided by the central cold water system reduces the temperature of the inner circulating air, thereby reducing the temperature in the incubator 2 smoothly and evenly. The heater 8 adopts electric heating stainless steel finned tubes, which can increase the temperature in the incubator smoothly and evenly by heating the inner circulating air. The refrigerating heat exchanger 6 and the heater 8 work together to condense and discharge the moisture in the internal circulating air, thereby reducing the humidity in the incubator 2 . The humidification assembly 7 includes an ultrasonic atomizer, a water tank, and a blower. As shown in Figure 5, the ultrasonic atomizer is located in the water tank, and the blower is located on the top surface of the water tank. It has an important role in assisting in keeping warm and moisturizing.

The inner circulation air blower 9 is close to the air outlet grille 5, and the air outlet grid 5 and the inner circulation air blower fan 9 located at a high place are designed to reduce the influence of the airflow when the edible fungi grow. The return air filter port 4 at the lower part of the partition plate 3 has its own filter, which can prevent edible fungus spores and foreign matter from contaminating the inner air duct. Carbon dioxide and ammonia concentrations are quickly and evenly distributed, reducing experimental bias.

A fresh air component 10 is provided on one side of the inner air duct between the return air filter port 4 and the refrigeration heat exchanger 6 , and an exhaust air component 11 is provided on the other side of the inner air duct for connecting the culture chamber with the outside world. Both the fresh air assembly 10 and the exhaust air assembly 11 adopt the combined design of a fan, a self-weight air duct check valve and a filter to prevent the inner air duct from being polluted. The internal circulation air supply fan 9, the fresh air assembly 10 and the exhaust air assembly 11 are all equipped with gas flow meters to monitor the airflow speed in real time.

The partition 3 is provided with an environmental sensor component 12 on one side of the culture chamber, which mainly includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an illuminance sensor, and an ammonia gas concentration sensor for real-time monitoring of the culture. Indoor temperature, humidity, pressure, illuminance, light color temperature, light color, carbon dioxide concentration, ammonia concentration. A lighting assembly 13 and a color video camera 14 are arranged on the top surface of the culture chamber. The lighting component 14 includes white light, warm white light, cool white light, red light, blue light, yellow light, and PWM brightness adjuster, which can provide abundant and stable lighting experiment conditions. The color video camera 14 can monitor the growth condition in the cultivation room in real time, record the internal image through the video surveillance video recorder 20 in the equipment box 1, and observe the internal situation in real time through the external display through the interface component 21 set on the equipment box 1.

The incubator 2 of this embodiment has a controllable temperature range of −10 to 50°C, and a floating range of ±1°C; humidity of 40% to 100%, and a floating range of ±2%: illuminance 0 to 2000lx, optional color temperature: sunlight 6000 to 6500K , warm white light 2700-3200K, cool white light 10000-12000K, optional light color: red, blue, yellow; carbon dioxide and ammonia concentration from the lowest ambient concentration to 5000ppm; internal circulation airflow speed 0 ~ 3.5m/s.

In addition, in order to discharge excess water in the incubator 2, drainage pipes 15 are provided on the bottom surface of the cultivation chamber and the inner air duct. In addition, the side and back of the incubator 2 are also provided with expansion reserved holes 16 for installing the expansion device, which can be closed by sealing screws at ordinary times.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the equipment box 1 is provided with an intelligent control system, a central cold water system, an electric control system 19 , a video surveillance recorder 20 , an interface assembly 21 and various indicator lights 22 . The electronic control system 19 and the video surveillance video recorder 20 are installed in the equipment box 1 . The interface component 21 includes a video output interface, a USB data export interface, etc., and the indicator lights 22 are arranged on the box door of the equipment box 1 . The electronic control system 19 mainly includes a power supply, a system power supply and distribution air switch, and supplies power to the equipment.

The intelligent control system mainly includes a PLC host 17 installed in the equipment box 1 and a man-machine control panel 18 installed on the door of the equipment box 1 . The man-machine control panel 18 is used to set the operation program, display the real-time value of various parameters and the operation status of the equipment. The PLC host 17 controls the central cold water system, the humidification assembly 7, the heater 8, the internal circulation air supply fan 9, the fresh air assembly 10, the exhaust air assembly 11 and the lighting assembly according to the set operating parameters and the measured parameters of the environmental sensor assembly 12. 13 operation to precisely control the temperature, humidity, pressure, illuminance, light color temperature, light color, carbon dioxide concentration, ammonia concentration, and airflow speed in the incubator 2, and at the same time intelligently switch automatically according to the preset program time, and record Environmental real-time values and surveillance footage. The intelligent control system has manual and automatic modes, which can control and record the above data regularly. Among them, the automatic mode can set 1 to 10 automatic running programs, and each program can set 1 to 100 running stages.

The intelligent control system of this embodiment has a high degree of automation: automatic program execution, automatic switching of stages, automatic data recording and video recording, automatic power-off and continuing the program, etc., saving manpower and experiment time.

As shown in FIG. 6, the central water cooling system mainly includes a refrigeration compressor 23, an air-cooled radiator 24, an expansion valve 25, a cold water heat exchanger 26, a cold water circulation pump 27, a cold water circulation pipe 28, an expansion tank 26, and a The refrigeration heat exchanger 26 in the incubator 2 .

The primary side of the refrigeration compressor 23, the air-cooled radiator 24, the expansion valve 25 and the cold water heat exchanger 26 are connected in sequence to form a refrigeration working fluid circuit; the cold water circulation pump 27, the expansion water tank 29, the refrigeration heat exchanger 6, the cold water heat exchanger The secondary side of 26 forms an antifreeze circuit through a cold water circulation pipe 28 . The branch pipes of each refrigerating heat exchanger 6 are installed with solenoid valves for controlling their opening and closing, and the cold water circulation pipes 28 on the left and right sides are also installed with differential pressure valves 30 for balancing the pressure on both sides.

The refrigeration compressor 23 , the air-cooled radiator 24 , the expansion valve 25 and the cold water heat exchanger 26 reduce the temperature of the antifreeze liquid, and the cold water circulation pump 27 delivers the antifreeze liquid to the refrigeration heat exchanger 6 of each incubator 2 for cooling.

To sum up, the intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment of this embodiment can precisely control the temperature, humidity, pressure, illuminance, light color temperature, light color, carbon dioxide concentration, ammonia concentration, and airflow speed in the incubator, and can intelligently control the preset The program time is automatically switched, and the real-time value of the environment and the surveillance video are recorded. Through the central water cooling system and intelligent control system, it can achieve 1 to N multi-connected independent control small space incubator scale style. Different growth environment tests can be performed on different edible fungi in each incubator at the same time, and the same edible fungi can be tested at the same time. Multiple sets of control experiments were carried out, which solved the problem of mutual influence between experiments in a small space, and greatly improved the efficiency of edible fungus culture experiments and refined cultivation.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement them accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. an intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment, is characterized in that: comprise equipment box and a plurality of incubators arranged on the outside of the equipment box; A partition is arranged inside the incubator, which divides the incubator into a culture chamber at the front and an inner air duct at the rear. The lower part of the partition is provided with a return air filter port, and the upper part is provided with an air outlet grid; A refrigeration heat exchanger, a heater, a humidification component and an internal circulating air supply fan are arranged in the inner air duct along the airflow direction; a fresh air component is arranged on one side of the inner air duct between the return air filter and the refrigeration heat exchanger. The other side of the air duct is provided with an exhaust component for connecting the culture chamber with the outside world; A lighting component is arranged on the top surface of the culture room, and an environmental sensor component is arranged on the side of the partition plate located in the culture room; drainage pipes are arranged on the bottom surface of the culture room and the inner air duct; The equipment box is equipped with an intelligent control system and a central cold water system; The central chilled water system is used to provide cooling antifreeze to the refrigerating heat exchangers of each incubator; The intelligent control system controls the operation of the central cold water system, heater, humidification component, internal circulation air supply fan, lighting component, fresh air component and exhaust air component according to the preset operation program and the measured environmental parameters of the environmental sensor component. 2 . An intelligent edible fungus cultivation device according to claim 1 , wherein the box body of the incubator is mainly composed of an outer stainless steel plate, an intermediate polyurethane foam layer and an inner organic plate. 3 . 3. An intelligent edible fungus cultivation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the partition inside the incubator is a detachable organic partition. 4 . The intelligent edible fungus cultivation device according to claim 1 , wherein the fresh air assembly and the exhaust air assembly both comprise a fan, a self-weight air duct check valve and a filter. 5 . 5. An intelligent edible fungus cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the humidification component comprises an ultrasonic atomizer, a water tank and a blower. 6. An intelligent edible fungus cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the environmental sensor component comprises a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an illuminance sensor and an ammonia sensor Gas concentration sensor. 7. A kind of intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described illumination component comprises white light, warm white light, cool white light, red light, blue light, yellow light and PWM brightness Regulator. 8. A kind of intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described central cold water system comprises refrigeration compressor, air-cooled radiator, cold water heat exchanger, expansion valve, cold water circulation pump, cold water Circulation pipes, expansion tanks and refrigeration heat exchangers; The primary side of the refrigeration compressor, the air-cooled radiator, the expansion valve, and the cold water heat exchanger are connected in sequence to form a refrigeration working fluid circuit; The pipes form an antifreeze circuit. 9. A kind of intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described intelligent control system comprises the PLC main engine that is arranged in the box and the man-machine control panel that is arranged in the box door, through the man-machine control The panel sets the running program, displays the real-time value of various parameters and the operation of the equipment. 10. A kind of intelligent edible fungus cultivation equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cultivation room is provided with color video camera, described equipment box is provided with matched video surveillance video recorder, by being arranged in the box The connector assembly on the door connects to the external monitor.

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