CN111653536B - Automatic phase change cooling system - Google Patents

Automatic phase change cooling system Download PDF

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CN111653536B
CN111653536B CN202010442198.4A CN202010442198A CN111653536B CN 111653536 B CN111653536 B CN 111653536B CN 202010442198 A CN202010442198 A CN 202010442198A CN 111653536 B CN111653536 B CN 111653536B
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liquid
cylinder
gas
heat
box
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CN111653536A (en
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刘世卿
张国强
董伟
苗力
杨龙
冯波
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Xian Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute of AVIC
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Xian Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute of AVIC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W40/00—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
    • H10W40/40—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control involving heat exchange by flowing fluids
    • H10W40/47—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control involving heat exchange by flowing fluids by flowing liquids, e.g. forced water cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/06—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems
    • F16K15/063—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W40/00—Arrangements for thermal protection or thermal control
    • H10W40/70—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or in encapsulations for thermal protection or control
    • H10W40/73—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or in encapsulations for thermal protection or control for cooling by change of state

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种自动相变冷却系统。该系统包括吸热器、散热器、气体单向阀、液体单向阀以及自动输液装置，利用待散热设备中发热器件的热量使吸热器内冷却液相变气化成高温高压气体开启气体单向阀，使得高温高压气体进入散热器内，散热器内压力增大，通过压力变化，自动输液装置将散热器内的冷却液压回至吸热箱，此时高温高压气体迅速液化，散热器迅速散热。通过该系统从而大大提升了发热器件的冷却效率，并且整个过程冷却系统无需任何驱动机构，减少了不必要的能耗，大幅的降低了使用成本。

Figure 202010442198

The invention discloses an automatic phase change cooling system. The system includes a heat absorber, a radiator, a gas one-way valve, a liquid one-way valve and an automatic infusion device. The heat of the heating device in the equipment to be radiated is used to change the cooling liquid phase in the heat absorber into high temperature and high pressure gas to open the gas The direction valve makes the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enter the radiator, and the pressure in the radiator increases. Through the pressure change, the automatic infusion device returns the cooling hydraulic pressure in the radiator to the heat-absorbing box. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas rapidly liquefies and the radiator rapidly heat dissipation. Through the system, the cooling efficiency of the heating device is greatly improved, and the cooling system in the whole process does not need any driving mechanism, which reduces unnecessary energy consumption and greatly reduces the use cost.

Figure 202010442198

Description

Automatic phase change cooling system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling system, in particular to an automatic phase change cooling system.
Background
In recent years, as the power dissipation density of microelectronic devices is increased due to the characteristics of high-density packaging, multiple functional applications and high-speed operation, more heat is generated, the heat flow density required to be removed is increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency is also required to be increased.
The traditional natural cooling, air cooling and liquid cooling modes have respective defects in use:
1. the natural cooling heat dissipation efficiency is too low to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the current high heat flow density electronic device.
2. Although the cooling efficiency of the air cooling mode and the liquid cooling mode is improved compared with natural cooling, the two modes can not meet the use requirements of some electronic devices with higher requirements on the cooling efficiency, and meanwhile, the two cooling modes both need a driving source to drive air or cooling liquid to flow so as to realize cooling, so that the energy consumption is higher, and the use cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic phase change cooling system, aiming at solving the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, large energy consumption in the heat dissipation process and high use cost in the existing natural cooling, air cooling and liquid cooling modes.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an automatic phase change cooling system, which comprises a heat absorber, a gas one-way valve, a radiator and a first liquid one-way valve, wherein the heat absorber is arranged on the heat absorber;
the heat absorber comprises a heat absorption box, the heat absorption box is arranged on the heating device, and cooling liquid is injected into the heat absorption box;
the radiator comprises a radiating box and an automatic infusion device; cooling liquid is injected into the heat dissipation box, and the automatic infusion device is integrally positioned in the cooling liquid of the heat dissipation box;
the automatic transfusion device comprises a cylinder body, a piston, a return spring, a second liquid one-way valve and an air pipe;
the cylinder body comprises a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body which are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the first cylinder body is smaller than that of the second cylinder body;
the piston comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder which are coaxially arranged; the front half section of the first cylinder is coaxially arranged in the first cylinder, a first liquid cavity is formed between the front end of the first cylinder and the front end of the first cylinder, and the rear half section of the first cylinder is connected with the second cylinder; the second cylinder is coaxially arranged in the second cylinder and divides the second cylinder into a gas cavity and a second liquid cavity; the gas cavity is communicated with the external atmosphere through a gas pipe;
the return spring is positioned in the gas cavity and sleeved on the first cylinder, one end of the return spring is connected with the second cylinder, and the other end of the return spring is connected with the connecting section of the first cylinder and the second cylinder;
a liquid inlet of the second liquid one-way valve is communicated with the second liquid cavity, and a liquid outlet of the second liquid one-way valve is communicated with the first liquid cavity;
the gas one-way valve comprises a valve body, a valve rod, a screw plug and a first spring; one end of the valve body is provided with an air inlet, and the other end of the valve body is provided with a plug screw with a central hole; an air outlet is formed in the side wall, close to the air inlet, of the valve body; the valve rod is arranged in the valve body, one end of the first spring is connected with the valve rod, and the other end of the first spring is connected with the screw plug;
the heat absorption box is communicated with the air inlet, and the heat dissipation box is respectively communicated with the air outlet and the central hole;
the liquid inlet of the first liquid one-way valve is communicated with the first liquid cavity, and the liquid outlet of the first liquid one-way valve is communicated with the heat absorption box.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the gas one-way valve can be stably in an opening and closing state and cannot be influenced by rapid pressure change, the gas one-way valve comprises an oscillation preventing mechanism; the anti-oscillation mechanism comprises a first annular groove, a second annular groove, a screw, a second spring, a nut and a steel ball;
the first annular groove and the second annular groove are formed in the valve rod and are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the valve rod; one end of the screw rod extends out of the valve body and is connected with the nut, and the other end of the screw rod extends into the valve body to press the second spring so that the steel ball is embedded into the first annular groove or the second annular groove.
Furthermore, a first clapboard is arranged in the heat absorption box, and the first clapboard divides the heat absorption box into an upper temporary coolant storage chamber and a lower gasification chamber;
the liquid outlet of the first liquid one-way valve is communicated with the upper cooling liquid temporary storage chamber, and the gas inlet of the gas one-way valve is communicated with the lower gasification chamber;
a plurality of small gaps which are used for the outflow of cooling liquid and are arranged at intervals are arranged between the first partition plate and the inner wall of the heat absorption box at the side close to the heating element, and a plurality of large gaps which are used for the outflow of gas and are arranged at intervals are arranged between the first partition plate and the inner wall of the heat absorption box at the side far away from the heating element.
Furthermore, in order to enable the cooling liquid to flow to the side wall of the heat absorption box close to the heating element more quickly, the partition plate is obliquely arranged in the heat absorption box.
Furthermore, a second partition plate with a plurality of liquid dropping holes is arranged in the heat dissipation box, and the heat dissipation box is divided into a lower cooling liquid temporary storage chamber communicated with a liquid inlet of the second liquid one-way valve and an upper liquefying chamber communicated with the air outlet and a central hole of the screw plug by the second partition plate.
Furthermore, a heat conduction material is arranged between the heat absorption box and the heating element.
Further, the cross sections of the first annular groove and the second annular groove are circular arc-shaped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a cooling system consisting of a heat absorber, a radiator, a gas one-way valve, a liquid one-way valve and an automatic infusion device, the heat of a heating device in equipment to be radiated is utilized to gasify the phase change of a cooling liquid in a heat absorption box into high-temperature high-pressure gas, the gas one-way valve is opened, the high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the heat radiation box, the pressure in the heat radiation box is increased, the automatic infusion device returns the cooling liquid in the heat radiation box to the heat absorption box through the pressure change, at the moment, the high-temperature high-pressure gas is rapidly liquefied, the radiator rapidly radiates heat, the cooling efficiency of the heating device is greatly improved, and the cooling system does not need any driving mechanism in the whole process, thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption and greatly reducing the use cost.
2. The gas one-way valve adopts the anti-vibration mechanism consisting of the first annular groove, the second annular groove, the screw, the second spring, the nut and the steel ball, so that the problem that the gas one-way valve is possibly in a half-open-close state due to the fact that the pressure in the heat absorption box and the pressure in the heat dissipation box change rapidly is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an automatic infusion device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the gas check valve.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the absorber box.
The reference numbers are as follows:
1-heat absorber, 2-gas one-way valve, 21-valve body, 22-valve rod, 23-screw plug, 24-first spring, 25-air inlet, 26-center hole, 28-air outlet, 29-oscillation preventing mechanism, 291-first annular groove, 292-second annular groove, 293-screw, 294-second spring, 295-nut, 296-steel ball, 3-radiator, 4-first liquid one-way valve, 5-heat absorption box, 51-first partition plate, 52-upper cooling liquid temporary storage chamber, 53-lower gasification chamber, 54-small gap, 55-large gap, 6-heat dissipation box, 61-liquid dropping hole, 62-second partition plate, 63-lower cooling liquid temporary storage chamber, 64-upper liquefaction chamber, 7-automatic liquid transfusion device, 8-cylinder body, 81-first cylinder body, 82-second cylinder body, 9-piston, 91-first cylinder body, 92-second cylinder body, 10-reset spring, 11-second liquid one-way valve, 12-air tube, 13-first liquid cavity, 14-air cavity and 15-second liquid cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a specific example of an automatic phase change cooling system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a heat absorber 1, a gas one-way valve 2, a radiator 3 and a first liquid one-way valve 4;
the heat absorber 1 comprises a heat absorption box 5 arranged on a heating device of the equipment to be radiated (in the embodiment, the heat absorption box is arranged on the heating device through a heat conduction material), and cooling liquid is injected into the heat absorption box 5;
the radiator 3 comprises a radiating box 6 and an automatic transfusion device 7; cooling liquid is injected into the heat dissipation box 6, and the automatic infusion device 7 is integrally positioned in the cooling liquid of the heat dissipation box 6; the radiator 3 is integrally positioned outside the equipment to be radiated;
as shown in fig. 2, the automatic transfusion device 7 comprises a cylinder 8, a piston 9, a return spring 10, a second liquid one-way valve 11 and an air pipe 12;
the cylinder body 8 comprises a first cylinder 81 and a second cylinder 82 which are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the first cylinder 81 is smaller than that of the second cylinder 82;
the piston 9 comprises a first cylinder 91 and a second cylinder 92 arranged coaxially; the first cylinder 91 is coaxially arranged in the first cylinder 81 at the front half section, a first liquid cavity 13 is formed between the front end of the first cylinder 91 and the front end of the first cylinder 81, and the second cylinder 92 is connected at the rear half section; the second cylinder 92 is coaxially arranged in the second cylinder 82 and divides the second cylinder 82 into a gas cavity 14 and a second liquid cavity 15; the gas chamber 14 is in communication with the outside atmosphere through the gas tube 12;
the return spring 10 is positioned in the gas cavity 14 and sleeved on the first cylinder 91, one end of the return spring 10 is connected with the second cylinder 92, and the other end is connected with the connecting section of the first cylinder 81 and the second cylinder 82; when the device to be cooled does not work (namely when no heat is generated by the heating device), the return spring 10 is in a natural state;
the liquid inlet of the second liquid check valve 11 is communicated with the second liquid chamber 15, and the liquid outlet of the second liquid check valve 11 is communicated with the first liquid chamber 13;
as shown in fig. 3, the gas check valve 2 includes a valve body 21, a stem 22, a plug screw 23, and a first spring 24; one end of the valve body 21 is provided with an air inlet 25, and the other end is provided with a screw plug 23 with a central hole 26; an air outlet 28 is arranged on the side wall of the valve body 21 close to the air inlet 25; the valve rod 22 is arranged in the valve body 21, one end of the first spring 24 is connected with the valve rod 22, and the other end of the first spring is connected with the screw plug 23; the heat absorption box 5 is communicated with the air inlet 25, and the heat dissipation box 6 is respectively communicated with the air outlet 28 and the central hole 26; when the device to be cooled does not work (namely when the heating device does not generate heat), the first spring 24 is in a natural state, at the moment, the valve rod cuts off a channel between the air inlet 25 and the air outlet 28, and the air one-way valve is in a closed state;
the liquid inlet of the first liquid check valve 4 is communicated with the first liquid chamber 13, and the liquid outlet of the first liquid check valve 4 is communicated with the heat absorption tank 5.
On the basis of the structure, in order to make the structural design of the system more reasonable, the following optimization design is made in the embodiment:
1. in order to ensure that the gas one-way valve can be stably in an opening and closing state and cannot be influenced by the rapid pressure change, the gas one-way valve 2 is also provided with an anti-oscillation mechanism 29; the oscillation preventing mechanism 29 includes a first annular groove 291, a second annular groove 292, a screw 293, a second spring 294, a nut 295, and a steel ball 296;
the first annular groove 291 and the second annular groove 292 are opened on the valve rod 22 and are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the valve rod 22; one end of the screw 293 extends out of the valve body 21 and is connected to the nut 295, and the other end extends into the valve body 21 to press the second spring 294 so that the steel balls 296 are inserted into the first annular groove 291 or the second annular groove 292. In order to ensure smooth switching of the states of the gas check valve, the first annular groove 291 and the second annular groove 292 have circular arc-shaped cross sections in this embodiment. The steel ball 296 fits into the second annular groove 292 when the gas check valve is in the open state, and the steel ball 296 fits into the first annular groove 291 when the gas check valve is in the closed state.
2. In order to make the structure of the heat absorption box more reasonable and facilitate the vaporization of the cooling liquid, the heat absorption box 5 of the present embodiment is provided with a first partition plate 51, and the first partition plate 51 divides the heat absorption box into an upper cooling liquid temporary storage chamber 52 and a lower vaporization chamber 53;
the liquid outlet of the first liquid one-way valve 4 is communicated with the upper cooling liquid temporary storage chamber 52, and the gas inlet 25 of the gas one-way valve 2 is communicated with the lower gasification chamber 53; a plurality of small gaps 54 which are used for enabling cooling liquid to flow downwards and are arranged at intervals are arranged between the first partition plate 51 and the inner wall, close to the heating element, of the heat absorption box 5, a plurality of large gaps 55 which are used for enabling gas to flow out and are arranged at intervals are arranged between the first partition plate 51 and the inner wall, far away from the heating element, of the heat absorption box 5, the large gaps 55 are designed to facilitate high-temperature high-pressure gas to flow out quickly, so that smooth gas and liquid in the whole heat absorption box are guaranteed, and in order to enable the cooling liquid to flow towards the side wall, close to the heating element, of the heat absorption box, the partition plate is obliquely arranged in the heat absorption box.
3. In order to make the structure of the heat dissipation box 6 more reasonable, the heat dissipation box 6 of the present embodiment is provided with a second partition 62 having a plurality of liquid dropping holes 61, the second partition 62 divides the heat dissipation box 6 into a lower coolant temporary storage chamber 63 communicating with the liquid inlet of the second liquid check valve 11, and an upper liquefaction chamber 64 communicating with the air outlet 28 and the central hole 26 of the plug screw.
Based on the above description of the structure of the cooling system, the operation principle of the system will now be described in detail, specifically referred to as:
the heat emitted by the heating element is absorbed by the heat absorber 1, the temperature in the heat absorption box 5 rises, the cooling liquid generates phase change gasification at the temperature of more than 40 ℃, the internal pressure of the cooling liquid gradually rises, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the valve rod 22 of the gas one-way valve 2 to enable the steel ball 296 to slide out of the first annular groove 291, the valve rod 22 continues to move to enable the steel ball 296 to be embedded into the second annular groove 292, and at the moment, the gas one-way valve 2 is opened, namely the gas inlet 25 is communicated with the gas outlet 28; high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the heat dissipation box 6 through the gas outlet 28, the pressure in the heat absorption box 5 is rapidly reduced, the pressure in the heat dissipation box 6 is rapidly increased, when the pressures in the heat absorption box 5 and the heat dissipation box 6 reach balance (are approximately equal), the valve rod 22 starts to move under the action of the restoring force of the first spring 24 and the pressure introduced by the central hole 26 of the screw plug 23, the steel ball 296 slides out of the second annular groove 292 and is embedded into the first annular groove 291, at the moment, the gas one-way valve 2 is closed, namely, the gas inlet 25 and the gas outlet 28 are separated by the valve rod 22. When the pressure in the heat absorption box 5 and the heat dissipation box 6 vibrates, the steel ball 296 can stably stay in the second annular groove 292 to prevent the gas check valve 2 from being in a semi-closed state, and meanwhile, the automatic infusion device 7 is started, because the pressure in the heat dissipation box 6 rises, the pressure in the first liquid cavity 13 and the pressure in the second liquid cavity 15 rise in the same ratio, because the gas cavity 14 is connected with the external atmospheric pressure and the area of the second cylinder 92 in the second liquid cavity 15 is far larger than the area of the first cylinder 91 in the first liquid cavity 13, the pressure borne by the second cylinder 92 is far larger than the pressure borne by the first cylinder 91, the piston 9 moves towards the first liquid cavity 13, a certain amount of cooling liquid in the first liquid cavity 13 is pressed into the heat absorption box through the first check valve 4, and the first check valve 4 is closed after liquid injection is finished. The radiator 3 is gradually cooled, the high-temperature gas is liquefied therewith, the pressure in the radiating box 6 is gradually reduced, when the difference between the pressure applied to the second cylinder 92 and the pressure applied to the first cylinder 91 is smaller than the restoring force of the return spring 10, the piston 9 is restored to the original position under the restoring force of the return spring 10, the cooling liquid in the second liquid chamber 15 enters the first liquid chamber 13 through the second liquid check valve 11, and thus, a cooling cycle is completed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：包括吸热器、气体单向阀、散热器以及第一液体单向阀；1. An automatic phase change cooling system, characterized in that: comprising a heat absorber, a gas one-way valve, a radiator and a first liquid one-way valve; 吸热器包括吸热箱，吸热箱设置在发热器件上，吸热箱内注有冷却液；The heat absorber includes a heat absorption box, the heat absorption box is arranged on the heating device, and the heat absorption box is filled with cooling liquid; 散热器包括散热箱以及自动输液装置；散热箱内注有冷却液，自动输液装置整体位于散热箱的冷却液内；The radiator includes a cooling box and an automatic infusion device; the cooling box is filled with cooling liquid, and the automatic infusion device is located in the cooling liquid of the cooling box as a whole; 自动输液装置包括缸体、活塞、复位弹簧、第二液体单向阀以及气管；The automatic infusion device includes a cylinder, a piston, a return spring, a second liquid one-way valve and a gas pipe; 所述缸体包括同轴设置的第一筒体和第二筒体，所述第一筒体内径小于第二筒体内径；The cylinder includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder that are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cylinder; 所述活塞包括同轴设置第一圆柱体和第二圆柱体；第一圆柱体前半段同轴安装于第一筒体内，且第一圆柱体的前端与所述第一筒体前端之间构成第一液体腔，后半段与第二圆柱体连接；第二圆柱体同轴安装于所述第二筒体内，并将第二筒体分为气体腔和第二液体腔；气体腔通过气管与外部大气连通；The piston includes a coaxially arranged first cylinder and a second cylinder; the front half of the first cylinder is coaxially installed in the first cylinder, and the front end of the first cylinder and the front end of the first cylinder are formed between The first liquid cavity, the second half of which is connected with the second cylinder; the second cylinder is coaxially installed in the second cylinder, and the second cylinder is divided into a gas cavity and a second liquid cavity; the gas cavity passes through the trachea communication with the outside atmosphere; 复位弹簧位于所述气体腔中，并套装于第一圆柱体上，复位弹簧的一端与所述第二圆柱体连接，另一端与第一筒体和第二筒体的衔接段连接；The return spring is located in the gas cavity and is sleeved on the first cylinder, one end of the return spring is connected with the second cylinder, and the other end is connected with the connecting section of the first cylinder and the second cylinder; 第二液体单向阀的液体入口与所述第二液体腔连通，第二液体单向阀的液体出口与所述第一液体腔连通；The liquid inlet of the second liquid check valve communicates with the second liquid cavity, and the liquid outlet of the second liquid check valve communicates with the first liquid cavity; 气体单向阀包括阀体、阀杆、螺塞以及第一弹簧；阀体的一端设置进气口，另一端安装具有中心孔的螺塞；阀体靠近进气口的侧壁上开设出气口；阀杆安装于阀体内，第一弹簧一端与所述阀杆连接，另一端与所述螺塞连接；The gas one-way valve includes a valve body, a valve stem, a plug and a first spring; one end of the valve body is provided with an air inlet, and the other end is installed with a plug with a center hole; an air outlet is provided on the side wall of the valve body close to the air inlet ; The valve stem is installed in the valve body, one end of the first spring is connected with the valve stem, and the other end is connected with the screw plug; 吸热箱与所述进气口连通，散热箱分别与所述出气口以及所述中心孔连通；The heat absorption box is communicated with the air inlet, and the heat dissipation box is communicated with the air outlet and the central hole respectively; 第一液体单向阀的液体入口与所述第一液体腔连通，第一液体单向阀的液体出口与吸热箱连通；The liquid inlet of the first liquid check valve is communicated with the first liquid cavity, and the liquid outlet of the first liquid check valve is communicated with the heat absorption tank; 吸热箱内冷却液相变气化成高温高压气体开启气体单向阀，使得高温高压气体进入散热箱内，散热箱内压力增大，通过压力变化，自动输液装置将散热箱内的冷却液压回至吸热箱。The cooling liquid phase in the heat-absorbing box changes into high-temperature and high-pressure gas. Open the gas one-way valve, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the heat-dissipating box, and the pressure in the heat-dissipating box increases. to the heat sink. 2.根据权利要求1所述的自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：所述气体单向阀包括防振荡机构；所述防振荡机构包括第一环形槽、第二环形槽、螺杆、第二弹簧、螺母以及钢球；2 . The automatic phase change cooling system according to claim 1 , wherein: the gas one-way valve comprises an anti-vibration mechanism; the anti-vibration mechanism comprises a first annular groove, a second annular groove, a screw, a second Springs, nuts and steel balls; 所述第一环形槽和第二环形槽开设在阀杆上，且沿阀杆轴向方向并排布置；螺杆的一端伸出阀体外并与螺母连接，另一端伸入阀体内压迫第二弹簧使得钢珠嵌入第一环形槽或第二环形槽内。The first annular groove and the second annular groove are opened on the valve stem and are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the valve stem; one end of the screw rod extends out of the valve body and is connected with the nut, and the other end extends into the valve body to compress the second spring so that the The steel ball is embedded in the first annular groove or the second annular groove. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：所述吸热箱中设有第一隔板，第一隔板将吸热箱分为上方冷却液暂储室和下方气化室；3. The automatic phase change cooling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat absorption box is provided with a first partition, and the first partition divides the heat absorption box into an upper cooling liquid temporary storage room and the gasification chamber below; 所述第一液体单向阀的液体出口与上方冷却液暂储室连通，气体单向阀的进气口与下方气化室连通；The liquid outlet of the first liquid one-way valve is communicated with the upper cooling liquid temporary storage chamber, and the air inlet of the gas check valve is communicated with the lower gasification chamber; 第一隔板与吸热箱靠近发热元件一侧内壁之间设有用于冷却液流出的间隔设置的多个小缝隙，第一隔板与吸热箱远离发热元件一侧内壁之间设有用于气体流出的间隔设置的多个大缝隙。A plurality of small gaps are provided between the first partition plate and the inner wall of the heat absorbing box on the side close to the heating element for the outflow of cooling liquid, and between the first partition plate and the inner wall of the heat absorbing box on the side away from the heating element are provided for the cooling liquid to flow out. A plurality of large gaps arranged at intervals for the outflow of gas. 4.根据权利要求3所述的自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：所述隔板倾斜设置于所述吸热箱内。4 . The automatic phase change cooling system according to claim 3 , wherein the partition plate is obliquely arranged in the heat absorbing box. 5 . 5.根据权利要求4所述的自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：所述散热箱中设有多个滴液孔的第二隔板，第二隔板将散热箱分为与所述第二液体单向阀的液体入口连通的下方冷却液暂储室，以及与所述出气口以及螺塞的中心孔连通的上方液化室。5. The automatic phase change cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the heat dissipation box is provided with a second partition with a plurality of drip holes, and the second partition divides the heat dissipation box into a The lower cooling liquid temporary storage chamber communicated with the liquid inlet of the two-liquid one-way valve, and the upper liquefaction chamber communicated with the air outlet and the central hole of the screw plug. 6.根据权利要求5所述的自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：所述气管的进气口安装有过滤网。6 . The automatic phase change cooling system according to claim 5 , wherein a filter screen is installed at the air inlet of the air pipe. 7 . 7.根据权利要求6所述的自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：所述吸热箱与发热元件之间设有导热材料。7 . The automatic phase change cooling system according to claim 6 , wherein a thermally conductive material is provided between the heat absorbing box and the heating element. 8 . 8.根据权利要求2所述的自动相变冷却系统,其特征在于：所述第一环形槽和第二环形槽的截面呈圆弧形。8 . The automatic phase change cooling system according to claim 2 , wherein the cross-sections of the first annular groove and the second annular groove are arc-shaped. 9 .
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