CN111646664A - Anaerobic fermentation system - Google Patents

Anaerobic fermentation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111646664A
CN111646664A CN202010600754.6A CN202010600754A CN111646664A CN 111646664 A CN111646664 A CN 111646664A CN 202010600754 A CN202010600754 A CN 202010600754A CN 111646664 A CN111646664 A CN 111646664A
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China
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anaerobic fermentation
scum
fermentation tank
tank
sludge
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CN202010600754.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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潘时正
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Kunshan Ruisong Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic fermentation system, which comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, a fermentation tank and a fermentation tank, wherein the anaerobic fermentation tank is used for accommodating and decomposing waste to generate fermentation gas; an external circulating pump is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank, and scum in the wastes and sludge containing solids are respectively extracted from the anaerobic fermentation tank through a scum extraction pipe and a sludge extraction pipe; the gas treatment device is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the gas is fermented by the mobile phone and subjected to desulfurization to remove hydrogen sulfide so as to obtain methane; a power generation and heat energy exchange device heats water and then heats scum and sludge in a heat exchange mode by utilizing waste heat generated by methane combustion power generation; and an injection pipe is connected with an external circulating pump and used for injecting the heated sludge into the anaerobic fermentation tank, and an injection port of the injection pipe is arranged at the upper layer of the anaerobic fermentation tank and is lower than the liquid level so as to achieve the effect of complete mixing.

Description

Anaerobic fermentation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anaerobic fermentation system, in particular to an anaerobic fermentation system for heating the temperature of sludge and scum by using waste heat in power generation.
Background
The anaerobic fermentation tank is mainly applied to the digestion of organic sludge or the treatment of organic municipal solid waste in environmental engineering, and the organic matters must be decomposed by utilizing a long retention time and a fermentation mode to finally generate methane and carbon dioxide. At present, the methane is often used for treating agricultural and pastoral waste or kitchen waste and then used for generating electricity.
On the premise of ensuring anaerobic conditions, mixing effect and residence time, the traditional anaerobic fermentation tank can select a closed reaction tank and adopt a built-in stirrer to achieve the mixing effect. However, in the case of a system for anaerobic fermentation using agricultural and animal waste or kitchen waste, hydrogen sulfide and saturated water vapor are generated during fermentation, which corrode metals, so that the internal stirrer is damaged due to corrosion, and when the stirrer is damaged, the stirrer needs to be taken out, so that the anaerobic environment of the reaction tank is damaged, and the operation difficulty of recovering the anaerobic condition of the anaerobic fermentation system is increased.
The anaerobic fermentation tank requires a long time, so that the residence time of the sludge in the anaerobic fermentation tank is increased. In the prior art, a settling tank is usually designed to settle the discharged anaerobic microorganism sludge and then return the anaerobic microorganism sludge to a fermentation tank, or a thin film system is used to separate biological sludge from effluent water and keep the sludge in a reaction tank; however, when methane is produced by fermenting agricultural and animal waste or kitchen waste, a large amount of solid matters are stored in the reaction tank, the size of the precipitation tank required by the precipitation method is large, and the membrane is easily blocked and consumed by adopting membrane filtration, so that the traditional sludge backflow method or interception method is not suitable for the anaerobic fermentation process containing a large amount of solid matters.
Further, in the conventional horizontal anaerobic reaction tank, a soft material made of red mud rubber is often selected as a gas collecting and storing means, and the generated biogas is returned to the reaction tank for stirring, but this stirring technique is only applicable to anaerobic fermentation reactions without a large amount of solids, and when solids such as agricultural and pastoral waste or kitchen waste are contained and anaerobic fermentation is required, the stirring effect is lowered, and further, the red mud rubber biogas bag is often damaged and leaks.
In addition, in order to maintain the optimum reaction efficiency of the anaerobic fermentation reaction, temperature control is required in the anaerobic reaction tank, and in general, a boiler is additionally provided to heat and generate hot water, and the hot water is introduced into the reaction tank through a hot water pipeline to exchange heat energy, so as to increase or maintain the temperature in the fermentation tank. However, this method requires additional energy consumption or combustion of methane generated by anaerobic fermentation, thereby reducing the efficiency of methane power generation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides an anaerobic fermentation system comprising: an anaerobic fermentation tank for accommodating and decomposing an organic waste to generate a fermentation gas; an external circulating pump which is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank and respectively pumps out scum and sludge containing solids in the organic waste from the anaerobic fermentation tank through a scum extraction pipe and a sludge extraction pipe, wherein the suction port of the scum extraction pipe is arranged at the upper layer of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the suction port of the sludge extraction pipe is arranged at the lower layer of the anaerobic fermentation tank; a gas treatment device which is connected with the fermentation gas of the anaerobic fermentation tank and takes out hydrogen sulfide through desulfurization to obtain methane; the power generation and heat energy exchange device is connected with the gas treatment device, the external circulating pump, the scum extraction pipe and the sludge extraction pipe, and burns methane provided by the gas treatment device to generate power and generate heat energy which heats the scum and the sludge containing the solid in a heat exchange mode; and an injection pipe connected with the external circulating pump and used for injecting the heated scum and the sludge containing the solid into the anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein an injection port of the injection pipe is arranged at the upper layer of the anaerobic fermentation tank and is lower than the liquid level of the anaerobic fermentation tank.
Preferably, after the scum is extracted by the scum extraction pipe, the scum can be converged into the sludge extraction pipe to form a single pipeline.
Preferably, the bottom slope of the anaerobic fermentation tank is a gentle slope with the gradient of 1-5 degrees, so that the solids in the anaerobic fermentation tank are concentrated towards the center of the bottom of the reaction tank, and the solids are collected conveniently.
Preferably, the external circulating pump is an external cross-shaft centrifugal pump.
Preferably, the gas processing apparatus includes a gas collecting pipe for collecting the fermentation gas, a desulfurizing device for removing hydrogen sulfide from the fermentation gas, a methane storage tank for storing methane, and a gas pressurizing device for compressing methane and storing the compressed methane.
Preferably, the power generation and heat energy exchange device includes a gas generator set, a heating boiler, a high temperature water tank, a low temperature water tank and a heat exchange coil, wherein the gas generator set generates the heat energy during power generation, the heating boiler is connected to the gas generator set to collect the heat energy, the high temperature water tank and the low temperature water tank are respectively connected to the heating boiler through pipelines, the heating boiler heats the water in the low temperature water tank with the heat energy and then delivers the heated water to the high temperature water tank, the hot water in the high temperature water tank contacts with the scum extraction pipe and the sludge extraction pipe through the heat exchange coil, and the scum and the sludge containing the solid are heated and then delivered to the anaerobic fermentation tank.
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature water tank is 80-90 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 25-55 ℃.
Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation system of the present application may further comprise a three-way valve disposed between the external circulation pump and the anaerobic fermentation tank for discharging the organic waste.
Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation system of the present application may further comprise a control system for controlling the temperature, pressure and water level of the anaerobic fermentation system.
In summary, the closed anaerobic fermentation system provided by the present application is applicable to organic waste containing a large amount of suspended solids, an external horizontal-axis centrifugal pump is used to pump out sludge in an anaerobic fermentation tank and inject the sludge into the anaerobic fermentation tank in a jet flow manner, so as to achieve a better homogenization effect and reduce scum generation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anaerobic fermentation system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the sludge and scum extraction lines and flow direction in the anaerobic fermentation system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a sludge return injection line and flow direction of the anaerobic fermentation system of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the piping configuration of a scum extraction pipe in the anaerobic fermentation system of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the configuration of a sludge extraction pipe in the anaerobic fermentation system according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the configuration of an injection pipe in the anaerobic fermentation system according to the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
1 anaerobic fermentation system
10 anaerobic fermentation tank
11 liquid level
12 gentle slope
20 external circulating pump
21 scum extraction pipe
211 suction inlet of scum extraction pipe
22 sludge extraction pipe
Inlet and outlet of 221 sludge extraction pipe
30 gas processing device
31 gas collecting pipe
32 desulphurization device
33 methane storage tank
34 gas pressurizing device
40 generating and heat energy exchanging device
41 gas generator set
42 heating boiler
43 high-temperature water tank
44 low-temperature water tank
45 heat exchange coil
50 filling pipe
501 injection inlet of injection pipe
60 three-way valve
Detailed Description
In order to fully understand the function of the present application by examiners and those skilled in the art, the accompanying drawings and figures are described below with respect to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Directional terms as referred to in the following examples, for example: up, down, left, right, front, rear, inner or outer, etc., are simply referred to the directions of the appended drawings. Accordingly, the directional terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation.
The present application provides an anaerobic fermentation system 1 as shown in fig. 1, comprising: an anaerobic fermentation tank 10 for accommodating and decomposing an organic waste to generate a fermentation gas; an external circulation pump 20 connected to the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 for extracting scum and sludge containing solids from the organic waste through a scum extraction pipe 21 and a sludge extraction pipe 22, respectively, wherein the scum extraction pipe 21 has an extraction port 211 disposed at an upper position of the anaerobic fermentation tank, the scum extraction pipe 21 has a pipeline configuration cross-sectional view as shown in fig. 4, the sludge extraction pipe 22 has an extraction port 221 disposed at a lower position of the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, the sludge extraction pipe 22 has a pipeline configuration cross-sectional view as shown in fig. 5, and preferably, the scum extraction pipe 21 extracts the scum and then the scum to be collected into the sludge extraction pipe 22 to form a single pipeline; a gas processing device 30 connected to the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, wherein the gas processing device 30 comprises a gas collecting pipe 31, a desulfurizing device 32, a methane storage tank 33 and a gas pressurizing device 34, wherein the gas collecting pipe 31 is used for collecting the fermentation gas, the desulfurizing device 32 is used for receiving the fermentation gas and removing hydrogen sulfide in the fermentation gas, thereby avoiding corrosion of the connected pipelines and devices and obtaining purified methane; a power generation and heat energy exchange device 40, which is connected to the gas processing device 30, the external circulation pump 20, the scum extraction pipe 21 and the sludge extraction pipe 22, wherein the power generation and heat energy exchange device 40 comprises a gas generator set 41, a heating boiler 42, a high temperature water tank 43, a low temperature water tank 44 and a heat exchange coil 45. Wherein the gas generator set 41 is used for burning methane to generate electric energy, the electric energy can be combined with the power supply grid of the power company, the waste heat generated during power generation can become heat energy, the heating boiler 42 is used for collecting the heat energy, the high-temperature water tank 43 and the low-temperature water tank 44 are respectively connected to the heating boiler 42 through pipelines, so that the water in the low-temperature water tank 44 is heated by the heat energy and then is conveyed to the high-temperature water tank 43, in addition, the high-temperature water tank 43 and the low-temperature water tank 44 are respectively connected to the heat exchanging coil 45 through pipelines, so that the heat exchanging coil 45 heats the scum and the sludge containing solid matters in the scum extraction pipe and the sludge extraction pipe; and an injection pipe 50 connected to the external circulation pump 20 for injecting the heated scum and the sludge containing solids into the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, wherein an injection port 501 of the injection pipe 50 is used for stirring the sludge in the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 by using the return sludge to increase the stirring degree of the liquid in the anaerobic fermentation tank 10.
In a preferred embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 may be in the form of a single tank or a multi-tank. The multi-groove system can avoid stopping operation due to equipment failure, is also suitable for various small-sized agricultural and pastoral waste or kitchen waste fermentation places, and has better site adaptability and use elasticity. In addition, the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 can be made of reinforced cement, so that the device can be a basement-type structure, and the anaerobic fermentation tank is attractive and has good sealing performance.
In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 is designed to be a gentle slope 12 with a gradient of 1-5 degrees, so that the circulating dead angle of the rectangular tank can be reduced, the stirring of suspended solids in the anaerobic fermentation tank body is facilitated, the sludge containing the solids can be easily moved and concentrated at the center of the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and in addition, the sludge extraction pipe 22 can arrange a suction port at the center of the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 along the gentle slope with the gradient.
In a preferred embodiment, the external circulation pump 20 may be an external cross-shaft centrifugal pump, but the external design is not limited in this application, and the external circulation pump 20 can be replaced and maintained directly when it fails, without destroying the anaerobic environment in the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation.
In a preferred embodiment, the water temperature of the heated and delivered high-temperature water tank 43 is 80-90 ℃, preferably 90 ℃, the hot water in the high-temperature water tank 43 is contacted with the sludge extraction pipe 22 through the heat exchange coil 45, the extracted sludge is heated and then delivered to the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, so that the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 can be controlled to be 25-55 ℃, the exchanged hot water is poured into the low-temperature water tank 44, the water temperature is 40-50 ℃, preferably 50 ℃, and then delivered to the heating boiler 42, the heat energy is heated to 90 ℃, the heat generated by the gas generator set 41 is used as the energy for heating the sludge, the energy consumed by the boiler type heating system in the prior art is saved, and the energy utilization rate and the methane generating capacity can be improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation system 1 further comprises a control system (not shown) including sensors of temperature, pressure, water level, etc., and a computer and related software for controlling the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 and the power and heat exchange device 40, the pressure of the gas treatment device 30 and the water level of the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, so that the single tank and the multiple tanks can be controlled under the same operation condition.
In a preferred embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation system 1 further comprises a three-way valve 60 disposed between the external circulation pump 20 and the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, wherein the three-way valve 60 is used to discharge organic waste when the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 needs to be drained of waste sludge or for emptying maintenance.
The external circulating pump 20, the scum extraction pipe 21, the sludge extraction pipe 22 and the injection pipe 50 form a circulating system of sludge and scum. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing sludge and scum extraction lines and flow directions, which is exemplified by a multi-tank type, in this embodiment, the present application includes six anaerobic fermentation tanks 10 and two external circulation pumps 20, the external circulation pumps 20 respectively extract scum and sludge containing solids from the anaerobic fermentation tanks 10 through scum extraction pipes 21 and sludge extraction pipes 22, and the scum extraction pipes 21 extract the scum and then the scum is collected into the sludge extraction pipes 22. Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a sludge return injection pipeline and a flow direction, and a multi-tank type is also taken as an example, in this embodiment, the present invention includes six anaerobic fermentation tanks 10 and two external circulation pumps 20, the external circulation pumps 20 pass the scum and sludge heated by the power generation and heat energy exchange device 40 through an injection port 501 (as shown in fig. 6) of an injection pipe 50 to increase the stirring degree of the liquid in the anaerobic fermentation tank 10, and when the anaerobic fermentation tank 10 needs to discharge waste sludge or perform emptying maintenance, organic waste can be discharged by using a three-way valve 60.
All technical features disclosed in the present application may be implemented in any combination. Each feature disclosed in this application may be replaced by an alternative feature serving the same, equivalent, or similar purpose. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims (10)

1. An anaerobic fermentation system, comprising:
an anaerobic fermentation tank for accommodating and decomposing an organic waste to generate a fermentation gas;
an external circulating pump connected to the anaerobic fermentation tank and used for respectively pumping out scum and sludge containing solid matters in the organic waste from the anaerobic fermentation tank through a scum pumping-out pipe and a sludge pumping-out pipe, wherein the pumping-out port of the scum pumping-out pipe is arranged at the upper layer of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the pumping-out port of the sludge pumping-out pipe is arranged at the lower layer of the anaerobic fermentation tank;
the gas treatment device is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank, collects the fermentation gas, and removes hydrogen sulfide through desulfurization to obtain methane;
a power generation and heat energy exchange device connected to the gas treatment device, the external circulation pump, the scum extraction pipe and the sludge extraction pipe, wherein the power generation and heat energy exchange device burns methane provided by the gas treatment device to generate power and generate heat energy, and the heat energy heats the scum and the sludge containing the solid matters in a heat exchange manner; and
and the injection pipe is connected with the external circulating pump and is used for injecting the heated scum and the sludge containing the solid matters into the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the injection opening of the injection pipe is arranged at the upper layer of the anaerobic fermentation tank and is lower than the liquid level of the anaerobic fermentation tank.
2. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the scum extraction pipe is capable of merging into the sludge extraction pipe to form a single pipeline after the scum is extracted by the scum extraction pipe.
3. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the bottom slope of the anaerobic fermenter is a gentle slope of 1 ° to 5 °.
4. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the external circulation pump is an external cross-shaft centrifugal pump.
5. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the gas treatment device comprises a gas collecting pipe for collecting the fermentation gas, a desulfurization device for removing hydrogen sulfide from the fermentation gas, a methane storage tank for storing methane, and a gas pressurizing device for compressing methane and storing the compressed methane.
6. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the power generation and heat energy exchange device comprises a gas generator set, a heating boiler, a high temperature water tank, a low temperature water tank, and a heat exchange coil, wherein the gas generator set generates the heat energy when generating power, the heating boiler is connected to the gas generator set to collect the heat energy, the high temperature water tank and the low temperature water tank are respectively connected to the heating boiler through pipes, the heating boiler heats the water in the low temperature water tank with the heat energy and then delivers the heated water to the high temperature water tank, and the hot water in the high temperature water tank is in contact with the scum extraction pipe and the sludge extraction pipe through the heat exchange coil to heat the scum and the sludge containing the solids and then delivers the scum to the anaerobic fermentation tank.
7. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 6, wherein the temperature of the high temperature water tank is 80-90 ℃.
8. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank is 25-55 ℃.
9. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, further comprising a three-way valve disposed between the external circulation pump and the anaerobic fermentation tank for discharging the organic waste.
10. The anaerobic fermentation system of claim 1, further comprising a control system for regulating the temperature, pressure and water level of the anaerobic fermentation system.
CN202010600754.6A 2019-07-10 2020-06-28 Anaerobic fermentation system Pending CN111646664A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWM591523U (en) * 2019-07-10 2020-03-01 業興環境科技股份有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08325088A (en) * 1995-05-30 1996-12-10 Hitachi Ltd Stirrer for aerobic fermentation
CN102242058A (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-16 北京愿景宏能源环保科技发展有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation system
US20110281254A1 (en) * 2008-07-21 2011-11-17 Shengli Oilfield Shengli Power Machinery Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for anaerobic digestion for crop stalk
CN206244781U (en) * 2016-10-27 2017-06-13 威德环境科技股份有限公司 A kind of kitchen rubbish high temperature anaerobic ferment devices
CN109071292A (en) * 2016-05-24 2018-12-21 日本普罗思株式会社 Methane fermentation device
CN213141772U (en) * 2019-07-10 2021-05-07 昆山瑞淞环境科技有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08325088A (en) * 1995-05-30 1996-12-10 Hitachi Ltd Stirrer for aerobic fermentation
US20110281254A1 (en) * 2008-07-21 2011-11-17 Shengli Oilfield Shengli Power Machinery Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for anaerobic digestion for crop stalk
CN102242058A (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-16 北京愿景宏能源环保科技发展有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation system
CN109071292A (en) * 2016-05-24 2018-12-21 日本普罗思株式会社 Methane fermentation device
CN206244781U (en) * 2016-10-27 2017-06-13 威德环境科技股份有限公司 A kind of kitchen rubbish high temperature anaerobic ferment devices
CN213141772U (en) * 2019-07-10 2021-05-07 昆山瑞淞环境科技有限公司 Anaerobic fermentation system

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