CN111636861B - Experimental device for well cementation cement sheath sealing integrity real-time supervision - Google Patents
Experimental device for well cementation cement sheath sealing integrity real-time supervision Download PDFInfo
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- CN111636861B CN111636861B CN202010673690.2A CN202010673690A CN111636861B CN 111636861 B CN111636861 B CN 111636861B CN 202010673690 A CN202010673690 A CN 202010673690A CN 111636861 B CN111636861 B CN 111636861B
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/005—Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which comprises a fixing device, a well device and a cement slurry injection system, wherein the bottom end of an inner sleeve and the bottom end of an outer cylinder are both fixed in a base, a cavity between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner sleeve forms a cement sheath cavity, and an optical fiber sensing cable is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the cement paste storage device is communicated with the cement sheath cavity through a cement paste injection pipe, and a cement paste injection pump is arranged on the cement paste injection pipe. The experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath in real time disclosed by the invention realizes the full-well section and real-time continuous monitoring of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath, has accurate and reliable measured values, and only needs to replace outer cylinders of simulated formation pipelines with different functions and corresponding injection systems for different cement sheath sealing integrity monitoring experiments, thereby greatly reducing the experiment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time.
Background
The integrity of the sealing effect of the well cementation cement sheath is an important problem of running through the whole life cycle of an oil-gas well, concerning the safe and efficient development of oil and gas and protecting the environment. The sealing failure of the cement sheath causes the cross flow, and the oil gas in a production layer or a non-production layer can cause the annular pressure, thereby further causing accidents such as well kick, blowout and the like. The real-time monitoring of the sealing integrity of the cement sheath in the whole life cycle can give out early warning to the underground fluid leakage risk caused by the sealing failure of the cement sheath, and is a key link for ensuring the safe and efficient development of oil and gas resources.
The existing detection technology for the performance integrity of a well cementation cement sheath is mainly based on the acoustic amplitude logging principle such as cement bond logging, acoustic amplitude/variable density logging or sector cement bond logging. The basic principle of the detection technologies is to judge the cementing quality and the performance of the cement sheath by using the propagation rule of sound waves and light waves in the medium such as a casing, the cement sheath, a stratum simulation cylinder and the like. However, the existing methods can only detect the sealing state of the cement sheath at a certain measuring point and a certain moment, and cannot provide real-time continuous sealing performance monitoring in a whole well section.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which is used for solving the problem that the sealing performance monitoring of the well cementation cement sheath in a whole well section and in real time cannot be provided in the prior art.
The invention provides an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which comprises a fixing device, a well device and a cement slurry injection system, wherein the fixing device comprises a base plate, a base is arranged on the base plate, the well device comprises an outer cylinder, an inner sleeve and an optical fiber sensing cable, the bottom end of the inner sleeve and the bottom end of the outer cylinder are both fixed in the base, a cement sheath cavity is formed by a cavity between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and the optical fiber sensing cable is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the cement slurry injection system comprises a cement slurry storage device, a cement slurry injection pump and a cement slurry injection pipe, wherein the cement slurry storage device is arranged on the base plate, the cement slurry storage device is communicated with the cement ring cavity through the cement slurry injection pipe, and the cement slurry injection pump is arranged on the cement slurry injection pipe.
Preferably, fixing device still includes a plurality of fixing bolt, solid fixed ring, bottom holding ring, the base plate is the rectangular plate, the shape of base is hollow cylinder, the base middle part is provided with circular recess, hoop interval arrangement has a plurality of bolt holes around the base, and is a plurality of fixing bolt passes respectively the base is fixed on the tip of base plate with a plurality of bolt holes of base, gu install in the circular recess of base fixed ring, the bottom holding ring card is established in the holding ring.
Preferably, it is protruding that the bottom holding ring is last to be provided with the round annular, the outer wall card of interior sleeve pipe bottom is located in the bellied inner circle of bottom holding ring, the outer wall card of outer barrel bottom is located in solid fixed ring's inner circle, just the inner wall of outer barrel with cavity between the interior sheathed tube outer wall forms the cement sheath cavity.
Preferably, a cement slurry stirrer is arranged on the cement slurry storage device.
Preferably, the cement slurry injection system further comprises a first one-way valve, a first flow meter, a first temperature sensor and a first pressure gauge, wherein the one-way valve, the first temperature sensor, the first flow meter and the first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the cement slurry injection pipe.
Preferably, the optical fiber sensing cable comprises an optical fiber cable, an oil-gas sensitive polymer and an aramid fiber wire, wherein the oil-gas sensitive polymer is coated and covered on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, the optical fiber cable is tightly attached to the outer wall of the inner sleeve along the longitudinal direction of the inner sleeve, and the aramid fiber wire is spirally wound on the outer wall of the inner sleeve to bind the optical fiber cable on the outer wall of the inner sleeve.
Preferably, the dyeing system further comprises a dyeing liquid injection system, wherein the dyeing liquid injection system comprises a dyeing liquid storage device, a dyeing liquid injection pipe and a dyeing liquid injection pump, the dyeing liquid storage device is arranged on the base plate, the dyeing liquid storage device is communicated with the cement sheath cavity through the dyeing liquid injection pipe, and the dyeing liquid injection pipe is provided with the dyeing liquid injection pump.
Preferably, the dyeing liquid injection system further comprises a second one-way valve, a second temperature sensor, a second flowmeter and a second pressure gauge, wherein the second one-way valve, the second temperature sensor, the second flowmeter and the second pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the dyeing liquid injection pipe.
Preferably, the system also comprises an oil-gas storage device and at least one group of oil-gas injection systems, wherein the cavity of the cement ring is filled with cement slurry to form a cement ring, and at least one oil-gas channel is arranged in the cement ring; each group of oil gas injection systems comprises an oil gas injection pipe and an oil gas discharge pipe, the oil gas inlet end of the oil gas injection pipe is communicated with the oil gas outlet of the oil gas storage device, the oil gas outlet end of the oil gas injection pipe and the oil gas inlet end of the oil gas discharge pipe are respectively communicated with two ends of the oil gas channel of the cement sheath, and the oil gas return end of the oil gas discharge pipe is communicated with the oil gas return port of the oil gas storage device, so that each group of oil gas injection systems forms a circulation loop; and an oil injection air pump is arranged on each oil gas injection pipe.
Preferably, each oil gas injection pipe is provided with a set of control device, each control device comprises a third pressure gauge, a third flow meter, a third temperature sensor and a third one-way valve, and the third pressure gauge, the third flow meter, the third temperature sensor and the third one-way valve are sequentially arranged on the oil gas injection pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which is characterized in that a well device and a cement slurry injection system are arranged on a fixing device, an optical fiber sensing cable arranged on the outer wall of an inner sleeve of the well device is utilized to sense the volume strain of the inner sleeve caused by the cement slurry solidification process, the adopted volume position change information is converted into an acoustic wave signal, and the sealing integrity of the cement sheath is judged by researching the influence rule of cement slurry hydration on a distributed acoustic sensing optical fiber signal. The experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath in real time disclosed by the invention realizes the full-well section and real-time continuous monitoring of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath, has accurate and reliable measured values, and only needs to replace outer cylinders of simulated formation pipelines with different functions and corresponding injection systems for different cement sheath sealing integrity monitoring experiments, thereby greatly reducing the experiment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus provided in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus provided in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental set-up provided in example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus provided in example 4 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology of rayleigh scattering effect in optical fiber has been successfully applied in hydraulic fracturing, oil and gas production dynamics, seismic signal monitoring, and other fields. However, the feasibility of distributed acoustic sensing technology in cement sheath integrity monitoring is still under investigation. The distributed acoustic sensing technology provides a brand new method with a promising prospect for realizing the real-time whole-well section and whole life cycle cement sheath integrity monitoring. Optical fiber sensing cables are one particular application of distributed acoustic sensing technology.
There are three main types of common failure of the sealing integrity of a cementing cement sheath: insufficient cement paste height return, cracking of the cemented surface of the cement sheath and leakage of the groove of the cement sheath. The three different failures generate different strength changes of optical fiber sensing signals due to disturbance of events in the well solid cement ring, and the strength changes can be sensed by the deformation of the optical fiber sensing cable no matter which type of failure occurs, and the change rule of the strength of the optical fiber sensing signals essentially reflects the change rule of the magnitude of optical fiber strain. According to the principle, by designing and developing an indoor monitoring experiment of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath, the time-space influence rule of oil-gas flow in a leakage channel of the well cementation cement sheath on the waveform of the distributed optical fiber sensing signal can be ascertained, the relation between the distributed optical fiber sensing signal and factors such as the leakage position of the well cementation cement sheath, the leakage speed, the size of the leakage channel, the type of the leakage fluid, the temperature of the leakage fluid and the like is specifically disclosed, accordingly, the whole-well section and real-time continuous sealing performance monitoring of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath is realized through the distributed optical fiber sensing cable, and a decision basis is provided for field application.
Example 1: experimental device for simulating real-time monitoring of sealing integrity of well cementation cement sheath when cement slurry returns to high insufficiently
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the apparatus comprises a securing device 1, a wellbore device 2 and a cement slurry injection system 3.
The fixing device 1 comprises a base plate 11, a base 12, a plurality of fixing bolts 13, a fixing ring 14 and a bottom positioning ring 15.
Wherein, base plate 11 is the rectangular plate, and the shape of base 12 is hollow cylinder, and base 12 middle part is provided with circular recess, and the hoop interval arrangement has a plurality of bolt holes around base 12, and corresponding bolt perforation is seted up to the tip of base plate 11, and a plurality of fixing bolt 13 pass a plurality of bolt holes of base 12 respectively and fix base 12 on the tip of base plate 11, and solid fixed ring 14 installs in the circular recess of base 12, and bottom holding ring 15 card is established in solid fixed ring 14. The base plate 11 is used for fixing the whole device, the fixing ring 14 is used for fixedly clamping the bottom end of the outer cylinder 21, and the bottom positioning ring 15 is used for fixedly clamping the bottom end of the inner sleeve 22.
The wellbore device 2 includes an outer cylinder 21 for simulating a formation, an inner casing 22, a fiber optic sensing cable 23, a cement sheath cavity 24, and a cement sheath 25.
Be provided with the annular arch of round on the bottom holding ring 15, in the bellied inner circle of annular of bottom holding ring 15 was located to the outer wall card of interior sleeve 22 bottom, the outer wall card of outer barrel 21 bottom was located in the inner circle of solid fixed ring 14, and the cavity between the inner wall of outer barrel 21 and the outer wall of interior sleeve 22 formed cement ring cavity 24. The cement slurry is injected into the cement sheath cavity 24 and is coagulated to form the cement sheath 25.
Wherein, the contact surface of the cement sheath 25 and the inner sleeve 22 is a first cementing surface 26 of the cement sheath, and the contact surface of the cement sheath 25 and the outer cylinder 21 is a second cementing surface 27 of the cement sheath.
The optical fiber sensing cable 23 comprises a single-mode optical fiber cable, an oil-gas sensitive polymer and an aramid fiber wire, the outer wall of the inner sleeve 22 is coated with a layer of oil-gas sensitive polymer, the optical fiber cable is tightly attached to the outer wall of the inner sleeve 22 along the longitudinal direction of the inner sleeve 22, the aramid fiber wire is wound on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 22 in a spiral mode to bind the optical fiber cable to the outer wall of the inner sleeve 22, and the aramid fiber wire is tensioned to enable the oil-gas sensitive polymer to expand and convert into strain on the optical fiber cable. The optical fiber sensing cable 23 is a prior art, and please refer to journal petroleum machinery, volume 46, phase 3, experimental study on optical fiber sensing technology for detecting the sealing property of the cement sheath, 2018, for more detailed use.
The cement slurry injection system 3 includes a cement slurry storage device 31, a cement slurry mixer 310, a cement slurry injection pipe 32, a cement slurry injection pump 33, a first one-way valve 35, a first flow meter 36, a first temperature sensor 37, and a first pressure gauge 38. The grout injection system 3 functions to inject grout into the cement sheath cavity 24.
The cement paste storage device 31 is arranged on the end portion, far away from the base 12, of the base plate 11, the cement paste storage device 31 is communicated with the cement sheath cavity 24 through a cement paste injection pipe 32, a cement paste injection pump 33 and a one-way valve 35 are arranged on the cement paste injection pipe 32, and a cement paste stirrer 310 is arranged on the cement paste storage device 31.
In order to observe the flow rate, temperature and/or pressure of the cement slurry within the injection cement annulus cavity 31, a first flow meter 36, a first temperature sensor 37 and/or a first pressure gauge 38 are provided on the cement slurry injection pipe 32.
During the experiment, the cement slurry in the cement slurry storage device 31 is injected into the bottom of the cement sheath cavity 24 through the cement slurry injection pipe 32 under the action of the cement slurry injection pump 33 until the cement sheath 25 is formed by the target height, wherein the target height is smaller than the height of the cement sheath cavity 24. In the whole experiment process from the beginning of injecting cement slurry to the completion of cement slurry coagulation, the whole well section of the optical fiber sensing cable 23 is recorded, and the condition that the cement slurry returns to the high position is monitored.
Through a research means combining indoor experiments and theoretical simulation, the influence rule of cement paste hydration on the distributed acoustic sensing optical fiber signals is disclosed, the feasibility of the distributed acoustic sensing system in monitoring cement paste return height is further evaluated, and decision basis and technical support are provided for monitoring the sealing integrity of the cement ring by using distributed acoustic sensing on site.
Example 2: experimental device for sealing integrity real-time supervision when simulation well solid cement ring cemented surface fracture
Example 2 in addition to example 1, a dyeing liquid injection system 4 was added.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the dyeing liquid injection system 4 includes a dyeing liquid storage device 41, a dyeing liquid injection pipe 42 and a dyeing liquid injection pump 43, the dyeing liquid storage device 41 is disposed on the substrate 11, the dyeing liquid storage device 41 is communicated with the cement sheath cavity 24 through the dyeing liquid injection pipe 42, and the dyeing liquid injection pipe 42 is disposed with the dyeing liquid injection pump 43.
The dyeing liquid injection system 4 is used for injecting the dyeing liquid in the dyeing liquid storage device 41 into the bottom of the second cementing surface 27 of the cement sheath, and under the action of injection pressure provided by the dyeing liquid injection pump 43, the chromosomes are diffused upwards along the second cementing surface 27 of the cement sheath.
In order to control the start and stop of the dyeing liquid injection, the dyeing liquid injection system 4 further includes a second check valve 45, and the second check valve 45 is provided on the dyeing liquid injection pipe 42.
In order to observe and measure the flow rate, temperature and/or pressure of the cement slurry injected into the cement ring cavity 31, the dyeing liquid injection system 4 further comprises a second flow meter 46, a second temperature sensor 47 and a second pressure gauge 48,
the second flow meter 46, the second temperature sensor 47, and the second pressure gauge 48 are provided on the staining liquid injection tube 42.
After the cement sheath 25 is cured, an experiment is performed, and in the experiment, under the action of the dye injection liquid pump 43, the dyeing liquid in the dyeing liquid storage device 41 is injected into the second cementing surface 27 of the cement sheath in the contact surface of the cement sheath 25 and the inner sleeve 22 until the dyeing liquid expands upwards to a target area. In the whole dyeing liquid injection process, the strain on the optical fiber cable is recorded in the whole well section of the optical fiber sensing cable 23, and the cracking condition of the cementing surface of the cement sheath 25 is monitored. Therefore, the time and space development range of the interface crack is judged according to the disturbance rule of the local strain generated in the dynamic cracking process of the second cementing surface 27 of the cement sheath on the strain of the distributed acoustic sensing optical fiber and the acoustic signal.
Through a research means combining indoor experiments and theoretical simulation, the influence rule of the dynamic crack expansion of the second interface of the cement sheath on the distributed acoustic sensing optical fiber signals is revealed, the feasibility of a distributed acoustic sensing system in the aspects of monitoring the crack expansion process and range of the interface is further evaluated, and a decision basis and technical support are provided for monitoring the sealing integrity of the cement sheath by using distributed acoustic sensing on site.
Example 3: experimental device for simulating real-time monitoring of sealing integrity during oil-gas leakage of well cementation cement sheath
Example 3 an oil and gas storage device 50 and a set of oil and gas injection system 5 are added to the base of example 1.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the cement sheath cavity 24 is filled with cement slurry to form a cement sheath 25 having a height equal to the height of the cement sheath cavity 24. The cement sheath 25 is provided with an oil and gas passage. It is worth mentioning that in order to provide this oil gas passage in the cement sheath 25, it is necessary to embed a U-shaped pipe in advance in the wall of the outer cylinder 21.
The oil gas injection system 5 comprises an oil gas injection pipe 51, an oil gas discharge pipe 52, an oil gas injection pump 53 and a set of control device,
the oil-gas inlet end of the oil-gas injection pipe 51 is communicated with the oil-gas outlet of the oil-gas storage device 50, the oil-gas outlet end of the oil-gas injection pipe 51 and the oil-gas inlet end of the oil-gas discharge pipe 52 are respectively communicated with two ends of the oil-gas channel of the cement sheath 25, and the oil-gas return end of the oil-gas discharge pipe 52 is communicated with the oil-gas return port of the oil-gas storage device 50, so that each group of oil-gas injection systems 5 form a circulation loop;
each oil gas injection pipe 51 is provided with an oil gas injection pump 53.
The control device comprises a third one-way valve 55, a third temperature sensor 57, a third flow meter 56, a third pressure meter 58, a third flow meter 56, a third temperature sensor 57 and a third one-way valve 55 which are sequentially arranged on the oil gas injection pipe 51.
The oil gas storage device 50 and the oil gas injection system 5 are used for simulating the situation that oil gas of different fluids leaks in the flowing process of the well cementation cement sheath.
The cement sheath cavity 24 is filled with cement slurry to form the cement sheath 25, an experiment is carried out after the cement sheath 25 is cured, and during the experiment, the oil-gas storage device 50 injects fluids with different fluid types, temperatures and speeds into the cement sheath 25 through the oil-gas injection pipe 51 to simulate oil-gas leakage. In the whole injection process, the optical fiber sensing cable 23 records the strain on the optical fiber cable in the whole well section, and the oil-gas leakage condition of the cement sheath 25 is monitored.
Through a research means combining indoor experiments and theoretical simulation, the influence rule of oil-gas leakage of the cement sheath groove on the distributed acoustic sensing optical fiber signals is revealed, the feasibility of the distributed acoustic sensing system in the aspects of identifying the leakage position, identifying the type and the speed of the leaked fluid and the like is further evaluated, and a decision basis and technical support are provided for monitoring the sealing integrity of the cement sheath by using the distributed acoustic sensing on site.
Example 4: in another experimental device for simulating real-time monitoring of the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath during oil gas leakage, an oil gas injection system 5 is additionally arranged on the basis of the experimental device in embodiment 1.
Referring to fig. 7 to 8, the new oil and gas injection system 5 is basically the same as that of embodiment 3. The difference is that the cement sheath 25 is additionally provided with an oil-gas channel, and the oil-gas storage device 50 is additionally provided with an oil-gas outlet and an oil-gas return port. It is noted that in order to add this oil-gas passage in the cement sheath 25, two U-shaped pipes are embedded in the wall of the outer cylinder 21.
The oil-gas outlet end of the oil-gas injection pipe 51 and the oil-gas inlet end of the oil-gas discharge pipe 52 of the newly added oil-gas injection system 5 are respectively communicated with the two ends of the newly added oil-gas passage of the cement sheath 25, the oil-gas inlet end of the newly added oil-gas injection pipe 51 is communicated with the oil-gas outlet of the oil-gas storage device 50, and the oil-gas return end of the newly added oil-gas discharge pipe 52 is communicated with the oil-gas return port of the oil-gas storage device 50.
In the embodiment, the oil-gas fluid with different leakage fluid types and different leakage fluid temperatures can be simulated, the oil-gas fluid with different pressures, speeds and flows can be injected into the cement sheath 25 to simulate the leakage situation of an oil-gas pipe, the oil-gas leakage position can be identified, and the disturbance law of the cement slurry type, the size of a leakage pipeline, the oil-gas leakage speed, the leakage fluid type and the leakage fluid temperature on the strain of the distributed acoustic sensing optical fiber embedded in the cement sheath and the acoustic wave signal can be analyzed.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. An experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time is characterized by comprising a fixing device (1), a well body device (2) and a cement slurry injection system (3),
the fixing device (1) comprises a substrate (11), a base (12) is arranged on the substrate (11), the well device (2) comprises an outer cylinder body (21), an inner sleeve (22) and an optical fiber sensing cable (23),
the bottom end of the inner sleeve (22) and the bottom end of the outer cylinder (21) are both fixed in the base (12), a cavity between the inner wall of the outer cylinder (21) and the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22) forms a cement sheath cavity (24), and the optical fiber sensing cable (23) is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22);
the cement paste injection system (3) comprises a cement paste storage device (31), a cement injection pump (33) and a cement paste injection pipe (32), wherein the cement paste storage device (31) is arranged on the base plate (11), the cement paste storage device (31) is communicated with the cement ring cavity (24) through the cement paste injection pipe (32), and the cement injection pump (33) is arranged on the cement paste injection pipe (32);
the fixing device (1) also comprises a plurality of fixing bolts (13), a fixing ring (14) and a bottom positioning ring (15),
the base plate (11) is a rectangular plate, the base (12) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, a circular groove is arranged in the middle of the base (12), a plurality of bolt holes are circumferentially arranged around the base (12) at intervals,
a plurality of fixing bolt (13) pass respectively base (12) are fixed base (12) on the tip of base plate (11) in a plurality of bolt holes, gu install in the circular recess of base (12) fixed ring (14), bottom holding ring (15) card is established gu in fixed ring (14).
2. The assay device of claim 1,
it is protruding to be provided with the round annular on bottom holding ring (15), the outer wall card of interior sleeve pipe (22) bottom is located in the bellied inner circle of annular of bottom holding ring (15), the outer wall card of outer barrel (21) bottom is located in the inner circle of solid fixed ring (14), just the inner wall of outer barrel (21) with cavity between the outer wall of interior sleeve pipe (22) forms cement ring cavity (24).
3. The assay device of claim 1,
and a cement paste stirrer (310) is arranged on the cement paste storage device (31).
4. The assay device of claim 1,
the cement slurry injection system (3) further comprises a first one-way valve (35), a first flow meter (36), a first temperature sensor (37) and a first pressure gauge (38),
the one-way valve (35), the first temperature sensor (37), the first flow meter (36) and the first pressure meter (38) are sequentially arranged on the cement paste injection pipe (32).
5. The assay device of claim 1,
the optical fiber sensing cable (23) comprises an optical fiber cable, an oil-gas sensitive polymer and an aramid fiber wire,
the oil-gas sensitive polymer is coated on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22), the optical fiber cable is tightly attached to the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22) along the longitudinal direction of the inner sleeve (22), and the aramid fiber wire is wound on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22) in a spiral mode to bind the optical fiber cable on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22).
6. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a staining liquid injection system (4),
the dyeing liquid injection system (4) comprises a dyeing liquid storage device (41), a dyeing liquid injection pipe (42) and a dyeing liquid injection pump (43),
the dyeing liquid storage device (41) is arranged on the substrate (11), the dyeing liquid storage device (41) is communicated with the cement sheath cavity (24) through the dyeing liquid injection pipe (42), and the dyeing liquid injection pipe (42) is provided with a dyeing liquid injection pump (43).
7. The assay device of claim 6,
the dyeing liquid injection system (4) further comprises a second one-way valve (45), a second temperature sensor (47), a second flow meter (46) and a second pressure gauge (48),
the second check valve (45), the second temperature sensor (47), the second flow meter (46) and the second pressure gauge (48) are sequentially arranged on the dyeing liquid injection pipe (42).
8. The experimental apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an oil and gas storage device (50) and at least one set of oil and gas injection systems (5),
the cement sheath cavity (24) is filled with cement slurry to form a cement sheath (25), and at least one oil-gas channel is arranged in the cement sheath (25);
each group of oil gas injection system (5) comprises an oil gas injection pipe (51) and an oil gas discharge pipe (52),
the oil-gas inlet end of the oil-gas injection pipe (51) is communicated with the oil-gas outlet of the oil-gas storage device (50), the oil-gas outlet end of the oil-gas injection pipe (51) and the oil-gas inlet end of the oil-gas discharge pipe (52) are respectively communicated with two ends of the oil-gas channel of the cement sheath (25), the oil-gas return end of the oil-gas discharge pipe (52) is communicated with the oil-gas return opening of the oil-gas storage device (50), and therefore each group of oil-gas injection systems (5) form a circulation loop;
each oil gas injection pipe (51) is provided with an oil injection air pump (53).
9. The assay device of claim 8,
each oil gas injection pipe (51) is provided with a set of control device, each control device comprises a third pressure gauge (58), a third flow meter (56), a third temperature sensor (57) and a third one-way valve (55), and the third pressure gauge (58), the third flow meter (56), the third temperature sensor (57) and the third one-way valve (55) are sequentially arranged on the oil gas injection pipe (51).
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| CN202010673690.2A CN111636861B (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Experimental device for well cementation cement sheath sealing integrity real-time supervision |
| GB2210508.4A GB2607460B (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-12-21 | Experimental device for real-time monitoring of sealing integrity of cement sheath for well cementation |
| PCT/CN2020/137950 WO2022011970A1 (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-12-21 | Experimental device for real-time monitoring of sealing integrity of cement sheath for well cementation |
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| CN111636861B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Experimental device for well cementation cement sheath sealing integrity real-time supervision |
| CN115163042B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-04-30 | 西南石油大学 | Prediction method of cement sheath integrity failure starting mechanism under extreme service condition |
| CN115266307A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-01 | 西南石油大学 | Test device for testing erosion of high-temperature and high-pressure oil well pipe with cement sheath |
| CN116044379A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-05-02 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Well cementation quality monitoring system and monitoring method based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology |
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| US6847034B2 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2005-01-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole sensing with fiber in exterior annulus |
| CN102979505B (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2015-04-29 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Well cementation cement sheath performance simulation experiment device and experiment method |
| CN203201545U (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-09-18 | 西安石油大学 | Well-cementation cement sheath integrity simulation evaluating tester |
| NO20221153A1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-05-25 | Schlumberger Technology Bv | Piezoresistive cement nanocomposites |
| CN104405366B (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2017-07-11 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of HTHP cementing concrete ring mechanical integrity test device and method |
| CN106593411B (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-03-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of cement sheath sealing and the experimental provision and method of sleeve pipe lifting |
| CN210105843U (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2020-02-21 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | High-temperature high-pressure gas well cement sheath sealing integrity evaluation system |
| CN109681190B (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2024-02-20 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | High-temperature high-pressure well cement sheath seal integrity evaluation system |
| CN209875145U (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-31 | 西南石油大学 | Oil gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing arrangement |
| CN111287731A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-06-16 | 大庆石油管理局有限公司 | Device and method for evaluating integrity of well cementation cement sheath |
| CN111535799A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-14 | 中国地质科学院 | Casing-cement sheath-stratum consolidation body integrity simulation experiment device |
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