CN111619485A - Working method of fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a working method of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device. The collision energy absorption device is composed of a three-dimensional energy absorption area, a folded energy absorption area and a fluid energy absorption area in a top-to-bottom arrangement; The folded energy-absorbing area forms a circumferentially arranged rotary folded concave angle through the crease pattern combined with the rotary folding method; the fluid energy-absorbing area is composed of a cover plate, a support plate, a cylinder, an inlet valve, a pressure relief valve and a pressure plate; during the collision process , the fluid energy-absorbing area is compressed first to achieve first-level buffering; the folded energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed to achieve secondary buffering; the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area is then compressed and deformed to achieve third-level buffering; the fluid energy-absorbing area is compressed and formed The new thin-walled energy-absorbing area is finally compressed and deformed to achieve four-level buffering. The multi-stage buffering method of the energy absorbing device can not only effectively reduce the initial peak force generated in the collision process, but also ensure that the energy absorbing device has a high energy absorption rate.

Description

A working method of a fluid-structure coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile collision safety, in particular to a working method of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorbing device.

Background technique

In the event of a collision accident, the collision energy absorbing device is very important to ensure the safety of the objects and occupants in the car. At present, people usually install collision energy absorbing devices with different structural forms in collision-prone parts such as automobiles, so as to effectively absorb the huge impact energy generated in the collision process. The thin-walled structure is a collision energy absorbing device with high energy absorption rate and low cost, and is widely used in automobiles to absorb the kinetic energy generated in the collision accident of the automobile.

In the actual collision process, the energy absorption effect of the existing collision energy absorption device is limited, and there are the following problems:

1. The existing collision energy absorbing device often adopts ordinary thin-walled structure or multicellular thin-walled structure, but the collision energy absorbing device of this structure will generate a large initial peak force. In order to reduce the initial peak force of the collision energy absorbing device, a small part of the prior art uses the technical solution of introducing crease lines, such as the patent with the publication number CN101638076A, entitled "A crease type collision energy absorption box", its technology The scheme is: a thin-walled tube is divided into several modules along the axial direction, and in each corner area of each module, there is a diamond-shaped concave angle at a certain distance along the axial direction. However, under the influence of geometric defects, the sharp corners of diamond concave corners are more sensitive to defects, and there is a problem of structural stability.

2. In order to overcome the shortcomings of high rigidity and high peak force of mechanical collision energy-absorbing devices, a small number of existing technologies have adopted flexible collision energy-absorbing devices, such as the publication number CN102501875A, titled "A step-type multi-stage gas compression device. "Energy-absorbing locomotive anti-collision device" patent, by arranging at least two or more cylinder compression cylinder-piston pairs and additional gas cylinders in series, and arranging bursting membranes on each piston to achieve step-by-step conversion and release of collision impact energy. This patent only uses the method of compressed gas energy storage and compressed gas blasting energy release method, which has the disadvantage of low energy absorption rate, and in order to achieve higher energy absorption, it is necessary to ensure that the device has good sealing, which increases the difficulty and cost of device fabrication. .

3. In order to overcome the shortcoming that the deformation mode of the collision energy absorbing device is unstable, a small number of existing technologies achieve this purpose by adding constraints, such as the publication number CN102700618A, titled "A thin-wall energy reinforced by a diaphragm. Absorber tube" patent, in which the reinforcing diaphragms are arranged at certain intervals inside the thin-walled tube. By adding constraints, the non-compact deformation mode of the thin-walled tube is suppressed, so that the thin-walled structure produces a progressively stable deformation mode under the axial shock compression. Since the thin-walled energy absorption tube adds additional built-in structures and is precisely connected to the thin-walled tube, it brings difficulties to the processing process.

4. In the actual collision process, there will be relatively complex load conditions, and the existing collision energy-absorbing box structure has the disadvantage of weak anti-defect ability and cannot cope with complex collision loads.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention proposes a working method of a fluid-structure coupled four-stage collision energy absorbing device that simultaneously solves the above problems.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a working method of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device, wherein the collision energy absorption device is composed of a three-dimensional energy absorption area, a folding energy absorption area and a fluid energy absorption area. The three-dimensional energy-absorbing area, the folded energy-absorbing area and the fluid energy-absorbing area are arranged in a top-to-bottom cross-arrangement manner; the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area is a thin-walled pipe with a polygonal cross-section; the folding energy-absorbing area Circumferentially arranged rotary folded concave corners are formed through crease lines and combined with rotary folding; the fluid energy absorbing area includes a cover plate, a support plate, a cylinder, an air valve and a pressing plate. The fluid energy absorption area includes a cover plate, a support plate, a cylinder, an inlet valve, a pressure relief valve and a pressure plate. A chamber is formed between the cylinder body and the pressure plate; the chamber is filled with gas or hydraulic oil; an inlet valve and a pressure relief valve are arranged on the cylinder body; the support plate is connected to the pressure plate and the cover plate;

The working steps are as follows: Step 1. Before installing the collision energy absorbing device on the car, fill the chamber of the fluid energy absorbing area of the collision energy absorbing device with gas or hydraulic oil, and set the threshold value of the pressure relief valve to be less than folded. The value of the pressure required for the deformation of the folded concave corner of the energy-absorbing area; Step 2: During the collision process, under the action of the load, the support plate of the fluid energy-absorbing area pushes the pressure plate to compress the gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber. When the pressure is higher than the set threshold value of the pressure relief valve, the valve of the pressure relief valve is opened, the fluid energy absorption area is released to the outside world, and the collision energy is released until the cover plate of the fluid energy absorption area is covered on the cylinder, And finally form a new thin-walled energy-absorbing area consisting of a cylinder, a support plate and a cover plate to achieve first-level buffering; step 3: During the collision process, after the cover plate of the fluid energy-absorbing area is covered on the cylinder, The gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber of the fluid energy absorbing area stops compressing and releasing pressure outward, and the circularly arranged folded concave corners on the folded energy absorbing area begin to be compressed and deformed, and form the constraining effect of the diaphragm to achieve secondary buffering; Step 4. During the collision, after the folded energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed, the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed again to achieve three-level buffering; Step 5. During the collision, after the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed, the fluid The new thin-walled energy-absorbing area formed by the compression of the energy-absorbing area, which is composed of a cylinder, a support plate and a cover plate, is finally compressed and deformed to achieve four-level buffering.

Preferably, the polygonal cross-section of the three-dimensional energy absorbing region is a quadrilateral, a pentagon, a hexagon or an octagon.

Preferably, the crease pattern forming the folded concave angle on the folded energy-absorbing area is a symmetrical structure, and is composed of two right-angled trapezoids and an isosceles triangle; the short side and the hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoid are valley creases; The right-angled sides and long sides of the right-angled trapezoid and the midline and base of the isosceles triangle are peak creases.

Preferably, the rotation direction of the rotary folding concave corner of the folded energy absorbing area is a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.

Preferably, the folded concave corners of the folded energy absorbing area have different types, including different shapes, different sizes or different inclination angles.

Preferably, the cross section of the support plate of the fluid energy absorbing zone is a cross section, an I-shaped section, a quadrilateral section, a pentagonal section, a hexagonal section or an octagonal section.

Preferably, an inlet valve is provided at the front and rear of the cylinder body, and a plurality of pressure relief valves are provided at the left and right sides of the cylinder body.

Preferably, the distance from the pressure plate of the fluid energy absorption zone to the bottom of the cylinder is greater than or equal to the distance from the cover plate to the upper end surface of the cylinder.

Preferably, the height of the single three-dimensional energy absorbing area and the height of the single folded energy absorbing area are equal or unequal.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In view of the first point proposed in the background art, the present invention adopts the following method: the collision energy absorption device is composed of a three-dimensional energy absorption area, a fluid energy absorption area and a folded energy absorption area. Before installing the collision energy absorbing device on the car, fill the chamber of the fluid energy absorbing area of the collision energy absorbing device with gas or hydraulic oil, and set the threshold value of the pressure relief valve to be smaller than the folding concave angle of the folding energy absorbing area. The value of the pressure required to deform. Therefore, during the collision process, the fluid energy absorption area is first compressed under the load to achieve first-level buffering; the rotary folded concave corners of the folded energy absorption area are compressed and deformed to achieve second-level buffering; the three-dimensional energy absorption area is folded afterward. The energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed to achieve three-level buffering; the new thin-walled energy-absorbing area composed of a cylinder, a support plate and a cover plate formed after the fluid energy-absorbing area is compressed is finally compressed and deformed to achieve four-level buffering. The multi-stage buffering of the collision energy absorbing device can not only effectively reduce the initial peak force generated in the collision process, but also ensure that the collision energy absorbing device has a high energy absorption rate.

2. In view of the second point proposed in the background art, the present invention adopts a method of coupling a rigid structure and a flexible fluid compression structure to solve this problem. By coupling the rigid structure and the flexible fluid compression structure, it realizes the step-by-step absorption of the collision impact energy, and achieves a high energy absorption rate, thereby ensuring the safety of the objects and occupants in the car.

3. In view of the third point proposed in the background art, the present invention adopts the following method: the folded energy absorbing area of the collision energy absorbing device is formed by the circularly arranged rotary folded concave corners formed by the introduction of crease lines. These rotary folded concave corners of the folded energy absorbing area are compressed and deformed before the three-dimensional energy absorbing area under the action of load, and form a restraining effect similar to the diaphragm, so that the impact energy absorbing device generates a progressive and stable deformation mode.

4. In view of the fourth point proposed in the background art, the present invention adopts the rotary folded concave angle of the folded energy-absorbing area to solve this problem. The circumferential arrangement of the revolving folded concave corners enables the crash box to cope with complex loads in the collision process, thereby improving the defect resistance of the crash box.

Note: The above designs are in no particular order, each of which makes the present invention different and significantly improved compared to the prior art.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device in Example 1;

Fig. 2 is the overall sectional view of Fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan development view of the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area and the folded energy-absorbing area;

4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device in Example 2;

Fig. 5 is the overall sectional view of Fig. 4;

In the figure, the reference numerals are as follows:

1. Three-dimensional energy absorption area 2, folding energy absorption area 3, fluid energy absorption area 4, folding concave corner 5, cover plate 6, cross-shaped support plate 7, cylinder 8, pressure relief valve 9, pressure plate 10, inlet valve 11, Valley crease 12, peak crease 13, I-shaped support plate

Detailed ways

Example 1

The present invention is a working method of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy-absorbing device. The structure of the fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy-absorbing device is shown in Figure 1. It consists of energy zone 2 and fluid energy absorption zone 3. The three-dimensional energy-absorbing area 1, the folded energy-absorbing area 2 and the fluid energy-absorbing area 3 are arranged in a cross-arrangement from top to bottom. The collision energy absorbing devices of different heights can be obtained by stacking several three-dimensional energy absorbing regions 1 , folded energy absorbing regions 2 and fluid energy absorbing regions 3 along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional energy absorbing region 1 is a thin-walled pipe with a quadrangular cross-section. The folded energy-absorbing area 2 forms circumferentially arranged rotary folded concave corners 4 through the crease pattern combined with the rotary folding method. In this embodiment, the collision energy absorbing device is arranged with two folded energy absorbing regions 2 , and the rotation directions of the folded concave corners 4 of the two folded energy absorbing regions 2 are both clockwise.

In this embodiment, the fluid energy absorption area 3 includes a cover plate 5 , a cross-shaped support plate 6 , a cylinder 7 , a pressure relief valve 8 , an inlet valve 10 and a pressure plate 9 . The support plate of the fluid energy absorption zone 3 is a cross-shaped support plate 6 . FIG. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device of the embodiment. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a chamber is formed between the cylinder body 7 and the pressure plate 9, and the chamber is filled with gas or hydraulic oil through the inlet valve 10; the cylinder body 7 is provided with a pressure relief valve 8 and an inlet valve 10, and the cylinder body An inlet valve 10 is arranged at the front and rear, and three pressure relief valves are arranged at the left and right of the cylinder; The fluid energy absorption area 3 pushes the gas in the compressed air chamber of the pressure plate 9 through the cross-shaped support plate 6 and releases the pressure to the outside through the pressure relief valve 8 until the cover plate 5 is covered on the cylinder body 7, and finally forms the cylinder body 7. , a new thin-walled energy-absorbing area composed of a cross-shaped support plate 6 and a cover plate 5 .

As shown in the figure: The working steps are as follows: Step 1. Before installing the collision energy absorbing device on the car, fill the chamber of the fluid energy absorbing area 3 of the collision energy absorbing device with gas or hydraulic oil, and set the pressure relief valve 8 The threshold value of the pressure relief pressure is less than the value of the pressure required for the deformation of the folded concave corner 4 in the folded energy absorbing area 2; Step 2: During the collision process, under the load, the cross-shaped support plate 6 of the fluid energy absorbing area 3 pushes The pressure plate 9 compresses the gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber. When the internal pressure of the chamber is higher than the set threshold value of the pressure relief valve 8, the valve of the pressure relief valve 8 is opened, and the fluid energy absorption area 3 is released to the outside world. , release the collision energy until the cover plate 5 of the fluid energy absorption area 3 is covered on the cylinder body 7, and finally a new thin-walled energy absorption area composed of the cylinder body 7, the cross-shaped support plate 6 and the cover plate 5 is formed to realize First-level buffering; Step 3. During the collision, after the cover plate 5 of the fluid energy absorption area 3 is covered on the cylinder 7, the gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber of the fluid energy absorption area 3 stops compressing and releasing pressure outwards, The circumferentially arranged rotary folding concave corners 4 on the folded energy-absorbing area 2 begin to be compressed and deformed, and form the constraining effect of the diaphragm to achieve secondary buffering; , the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area 1 is compressed and deformed again to achieve three-level buffering; step 5. During the collision process, after the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area 1 is compressed and deformed, the fluid energy-absorbing area 3 is compressed and formed by the cylinder 7, the cross Due to the strengthening effect of the cross-shaped support plate 6, the new thin-walled energy-absorbing area composed of the cross-shaped support plate 6 and the cover plate 5 is finally compressed and deformed to achieve four-stage buffering.

FIG. 3 depicts the expanded shape of the three-dimensional energy absorbing area and the folded energy absorbing area of the collision energy absorbing device of this embodiment. The folds on FIG. 3 are represented by dashed and solid lines on the plane, where the dashed lines represent valley creases 11 and the solid lines represent peak creases 12 . If the folding is performed according to the folds on the plane, the folded energy absorbing area 2 on the collision energy absorbing device as shown in FIG. 1 can be finally obtained.

Example 2

The present invention is a working method of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device. The structure of the fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device is shown in Figure 1. The collision energy absorption device consists of a three-dimensional energy absorption area 1, a folding absorption It consists of energy zone 2 and fluid energy absorption zone 3. The three-dimensional energy-absorbing area 1, the folded energy-absorbing area 2 and the fluid energy-absorbing area 3 are arranged in a cross-arrangement from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the support plate in the fluid energy absorption area 3 is an I-shaped support plate 13 . FIG. 5 is an overall cross-sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device of the embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the fluid energy absorption area 3 includes a cover plate 5 , an I-shaped support plate 13 , a cylinder 7 , an air valve 8 and a pressing plate 9 . A chamber is formed between the cylinder body 7 and the pressure plate 9, and the chamber is filled with gas or hydraulic oil through the inlet valve 10; the cylinder body 7 is provided with a pressure relief valve 8 and an inlet valve 10, and an inlet valve 10 is provided at the front and rear of the cylinder body. , three pressure relief valves are arranged on the left and right of the cylinder; The fluid energy absorption area 3 pushes the gas in the compressed air chamber of the pressure plate 9 through the I-shaped support plate 13 and exhausts the gas through the pressure relief valve 8 until the cover plate 5 is covered on the cylinder body 7, and finally forms a cylinder body. 7. The new thin-walled energy-absorbing area composed of the I-shaped support plate 13 and the cover plate 5.

As shown in the figure: The working steps are as follows: Step 1. Before installing the collision energy absorbing device on the car, fill the chamber of the fluid energy absorbing area 3 of the collision energy absorbing device with gas or hydraulic oil, and set the pressure relief valve 8 The threshold value of the pressure relief pressure is less than the value of the pressure required for the deformation of the folded concave corner 4 in the folded energy absorbing area 2; Step 2: During the collision process, under the action of the load, the I-shaped support plate 13 of the fluid energy absorbing area 3 Push the pressure plate 9 to compress the gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber. When the internal pressure of the chamber is higher than the set threshold value of the pressure relief valve 8, the valve of the pressure relief valve 8 is opened, and the fluid energy absorption area 3 is released to the outside world. pressure to release the collision energy until the cover plate 5 of the fluid energy absorption area 3 is covered on the cylinder body 7, and finally a new thin-walled energy absorption area composed of the cylinder body 7, the I-shaped support plate 13 and the cover plate 5 is formed. , to achieve first-level buffering; Step 3: During the collision process, after the cover plate 5 of the fluid energy absorption area 3 is covered on the cylinder 7, the gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber of the fluid energy absorption area 3 stops compressing and leaking to the outside. Pressing, the circumferentially arranged rotary folded concave corners 4 on the folded energy-absorbing area 2 begin to be compressed and deformed, and form the constraining effect of the diaphragm to achieve secondary buffering; step 4. During the collision process, the energy-absorbing area 2 to be folded is compressed. After the deformation, the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area 1 is compressed and deformed again to realize three-level buffering; step 5. During the collision process, after the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area 1 is compressed and deformed, the cylindrical body 7 formed by the fluid energy-absorbing area 3 is compressed. , The new thin-walled energy-absorbing area composed of the I-shaped support plate 13 and the cover plate 5 is finally compressed and deformed due to the strengthening effect of the I-shaped support plate 13 to achieve four-level buffering.

Claims (9)

1. A working method of a fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device, the collision energy absorption device is composed of a three-dimensional energy absorption area, a folding energy absorption area and a fluid energy absorption area; The energy area and the fluid energy absorption area are arranged in a cross-arrangement from top to bottom; the three-dimensional energy absorption area is a thin-walled pipe with a polygonal cross-section; the folded energy absorption area is formed by a crease pattern combined with a rotary folding method to form a circumference Arranged rotary folding concave corners; the fluid energy absorption area is composed of a cover plate, a support plate, a cylinder, an inlet valve, a pressure relief valve and a pressure plate; a cavity is formed between the cylinder and the pressure plate; the cavity is filled with gas or hydraulic oil; the cylinder body is provided with an inlet valve and a pressure relief valve; the support plate is connected to the pressure plate and the cover plate; It is characterized in that the working steps are as follows: Step 1. Before installing the collision energy absorbing device on the car, fill the chamber of the fluid energy absorbing area of the collision energy absorbing device with gas or hydraulic oil, and set the threshold value of the pressure relief valve to be smaller than the folding energy absorbing area. The value of the pressure required for the deformation of the concave corner; Step 2. During the collision, under the action of the load, the support plate of the fluid energy absorption area pushes the pressure plate to compress the gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber, and the internal pressure of the chamber is higher than the set threshold value of the pressure relief valve. When the pressure relief valve is opened, the fluid energy absorbing area releases pressure to the outside world, releasing the collision energy until the cover plate of the fluid energy absorbing area covers the cylinder, and finally forms a structure consisting of the cylinder, the support plate and the cover plate. A new thin-walled energy-absorbing area is formed to achieve first-level buffering; Step 3. During the collision, after the cover plate of the fluid energy absorbing area is covered on the cylinder, the gas or hydraulic oil in the chamber of the fluid energy absorbing area stops compressing and releasing pressure outwards, and folds the circular array on the energy absorbing area. The rotary folding concave angle begins to be compressed and deformed, and forms the constraint of the diaphragm to achieve secondary buffering; Step 4: During the collision process, after the folded energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed, the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed again to achieve three-level buffering; Step 5. During the collision, after the three-dimensional energy-absorbing area is compressed and deformed, the new thin-walled energy-absorbing area formed by the compression of the fluid energy-absorbing area, which is composed of a cylinder, a support plate and a cover plate, is finally compressed and deformed to achieve Level 4 buffering. 2 . The fluid-structure coupling four-stage collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1 , wherein the polygonal cross-section of the three-dimensional energy absorbing area is a quadrilateral, a pentagon, a hexagon or an octagon. 3 . 3 . The four-stage collision energy absorption device for fluid-solid coupling according to claim 1 , wherein the crease pattern forming the folded concave angle on the folded energy absorbing area is a symmetrical structure, consisting of two right-angled trapezoids and one The shape of an isosceles triangle is composed; the short side and the hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoid are valley creases; the right-angled sides and long sides of the right-angled trapezoid and the midline and base of the isosceles triangle are peak creases. 4 . The four-stage collision energy absorption device of fluid-solid coupling according to claim 1 , wherein the rotation direction of the rotary folding concave angle of the folding energy absorption area is clockwise or counterclockwise. 5 . 5 . The four-stage collision energy absorption device of fluid-structure coupling according to claim 1 , wherein the folding concave corners of the folding energy absorption area have different types, including different shapes, different sizes and different inclination angles. 6 . . 6. A fluid-solid coupling four-stage collision energy absorption device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the support plate of the fluid energy absorption zone is a cross section, an I-shaped section, a quadrangular section, a five-sided section Rectangular, hexagonal, or octagonal. 7 . The four-stage impact energy-absorbing device of fluid-solid coupling according to claim 1 , wherein an inlet valve is arranged at the front and rear of the cylinder body, and a plurality of pressure relief valves are arranged at the left and right sides. 8 . 8 . The four-stage collision energy absorption device for fluid-solid coupling according to claim 1 , wherein the distance from the pressure plate of the fluid energy absorption zone to the bottom of the cylinder is equal to the distance from the cover plate to the upper end of the cylinder. 9 . 9 . The fluid-structure coupling four-stage collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1 , wherein the height of the single three-dimensional energy absorbing area and the height of the single folded energy absorbing area are equal or unequal. 10 .

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