CN111618085B - Heavy metal polluted farmland remediation system and application method thereof - Google Patents
Heavy metal polluted farmland remediation system and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111618085B CN111618085B CN202010627385.XA CN202010627385A CN111618085B CN 111618085 B CN111618085 B CN 111618085B CN 202010627385 A CN202010627385 A CN 202010627385A CN 111618085 B CN111618085 B CN 111618085B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
- C04B28/082—Steelmaking slags; Converter slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
- C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
- C04B7/17—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium oxide containing activators
- C04B7/19—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种重金属污染农田的修复系统及其使用方法，从上游往下游依次包括：生态修复区、可渗透反应墙、生态拦截带、灌溉渠和农田；生态修复区种植有第一重金属超富集植物，可渗透反应墙设有多根可渗透反应柱，生态拦截带种植有第二重金属超富集植物，灌溉渠底部填充有填料，农田深耕时施加有重金属钝化剂和PH调节剂。重金属灌溉水流经所述重金属污染农田的修复系统，有效地把重金属灌溉水中的重金属去除；重金属灌溉水只要流经所述重金属污染农田的修复系统一次后，不必再重复修复，即可适用于灌溉，节约了时间，提高了灌溉水的修复效率。
The invention discloses a restoration system for heavy metal-contaminated farmland and a method for using the same. From upstream to downstream, it comprises: an ecological restoration area, a permeable reaction wall, an ecological interception zone, an irrigation canal and farmland; the ecological restoration area is planted with a first heavy metal ultra-high The plant is enriched, the permeable reaction wall is provided with a plurality of permeable reaction columns, the ecological interception zone is planted with the second heavy metal hyperaccumulator, the bottom of the irrigation canal is filled with fillers, and heavy metal passivators and PH regulators are applied during deep ploughing of the farmland. The heavy metal irrigation water flows through the remediation system of the heavy metal polluted farmland, effectively removing the heavy metals in the heavy metal irrigation water; as long as the heavy metal irrigation water flows through the remediation system of the heavy metal contaminated farmland once, it can be used for irrigation without repeated repairs. , saving time and improving the restoration efficiency of irrigation water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological engineering, in particular to a heavy metal polluted farmland restoration system and a use method thereof.
Background
With the development and utilization of mineral resources in large quantities, the rapid development of industrial production and the wide use of chemical products, pesticides and chemical fertilizers, pollutants containing heavy metals enter the environment through various ways, and the heavy metal pollution of soil, especially farmland soil, is increasingly serious. Particularly, in a mining area, due to the traditional rough mining and smelting mode, a large amount of heavy metal pollutants enter soil or flow into a downstream farmland along with surface flow, and a large amount of soil pollution is caused. At present, the heavy metal pollution of farmlands in China shows a trend of extending from mining areas to agricultural areas and from upstream to downstream. Heavy metal pollutants in the farmland directly threaten the quality safety of agricultural products, finally enter human bodies through a food chain, threaten human health, and necessary treatment, prevention and control measures must be taken to control the migration of heavy metals in an upstream mining area to a downstream water body and the farmland, so that the soil quality of the downstream farmland is improved, and the safe utilization of the farmland is ensured.
The existing single heavy metal passivation technology cannot remove heavy metals in soil and cannot avoid the entry of exogenous heavy metal pollutants; the existing single plant restoration period is long, the efficiency is not high, and the safe utilization of the heavy metal polluted farmland is difficult to realize in a short time; even if the heavy metal passivation technology and the phytoremediation are mixed for use at the present stage, the heavy metal removal rate and the remediation efficiency of the irrigation water are not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention aims to provide a heavy metal polluted farmland remediation system and a using method thereof, which adopt a plant and chemical alternative blocking mode to effectively block heavy metals from entering downstream farmland irrigation water and farmland soil, and improve the removal rate and removal efficiency of the heavy metals in the farmland irrigation water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a repair system in heavy metal pollution farmland, includes from the upper reaches to the downstream in proper order: the ecological restoration area, the permeable reactive barrier, the ecological interception zone, the irrigation channel and the farmland;
a first heavy metal super-enriched plant is planted in the ecological restoration area, and the first heavy metal super-enriched plant carries out first phytorestoration on heavy metal irrigation water;
the permeable reactive barrier is provided with a plurality of permeable reactive columns and is used for carrying out primary chemical barrier on heavy metal irrigation water;
the ecological interception zone is planted with a second heavy metal super-enriched plant, and the second heavy metal super-enriched plant carries out second phytoremediation on heavy metal irrigation water;
the bottom of the irrigation channel is filled with filler, and the filler is used for performing secondary chemical barrier on heavy metal irrigation water;
and a heavy metal passivator and a PH regulator are applied during deep ploughing of the farmland.
Preferably, the permeable reactive barrier is in a shape of funnel, circular arc or straight line;
the permeable reactive column is in a shape of a cylinder or a cuboid.
Preferably, the permeable reaction column comprises a reaction column outer layer, a reaction column middle layer and a reaction column inner layer;
the outer layer of the reaction column wraps the middle layer of the reaction column, and the middle layer of the reaction column wraps the inner layer of the reaction column;
permeable reactive powder and permeable reactive particles are filled in the inner layer of the reaction column.
Preferably, the outer layer of the reaction column of the permeable reaction column is a steel reinforcement cage;
the middle layer of the reaction column of the permeable reaction column is a mining grating which is of a double-layer structure.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the permeable reactive powder material to the permeable reactive powder particles is 1: 1 to 4.
Preferably, the permeable reactive powder comprises steel slag powder, slag powder and portland cement clinker, and the mass ratio of the steel slag powder to the portland cement clinker is 0-2: 1.
Preferably, the permeable reactive material particles are at least one of sintered ceramsite, limestone, dolomite and kaolinite.
Preferably, the first heavy metal super-enriched plant in the ecological restoration area and the second heavy metal super-enriched plant in the ecological interception zone are energy plants, timber plants, hemp plants or garden plants.
Preferably, the filler at the bottom of the irrigation channel comprises limestone and quartz sand, the particle size of the limestone is 1-5 cm, and the particle size of the quartz sand is 3-8 mm.
The application method of the heavy metal polluted farmland restoration system comprises the following steps:
purifying, namely allowing heavy metal irrigation water to sequentially flow through the ecological restoration area, the permeable reactive barrier, the ecological interception zone, the irrigation channel and the farmland;
and a deep ploughing step, namely carrying out deep ploughing on the soil of the farmland, applying a heavy metal passivator and a pH regulator, and planting heavy metal resistant crops, wherein the deep ploughing depth is 0.2-0.4 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: heavy metal irrigation water flows through the repair system in heavy metal pollution farmland passes through in proper order: carrying out first phytoremediation on first heavy metal super-enriched plants in the ecological remediation area, carrying out first chemical barrier on a plurality of permeable reaction columns of the permeable reaction walls, carrying out second phytoremediation on second heavy metal super-enriched plants in the ecological barrier zone, and carrying out second chemical barrier on fillers in the irrigation ditch, and finally entering the farmland to effectively remove heavy metals in the heavy metal irrigation water; in addition, the heavy metal irrigation water can be applied to irrigation without repeated repair after flowing through the repair system of the heavy metal polluted farmland once, so that the time is saved, and the repair efficiency of the irrigation water is improved.
Heavy metal tolerant crops are planted in the ecological restoration area and the ecological interception zone, heavy metals in irrigation water are reduced to enter the crops, and safe utilization of farmlands is achieved.
The plurality of permeable reactive columns of the permeable reactive walls and the filler of the irrigation channel are made of materials for removing heavy metals, so that the heavy metals in irrigation water are prevented from entering crops, and the safe utilization of farmlands is further realized.
In the deep ploughing process, heavy metal passivators are adopted in the farmland to stabilize the heavy metals in the plough layer, and the farming regulation and control are combined, so that the biological activity of the heavy metals is reduced, and the growth environment of crops is optimized. The PH regulator is used for regulating the PH value of the farmland, so that the farmland can reach the optimal PH value for planting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion circled by the dotted line A in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1, ecological restoration area; 2 permeable reactive barrier; 3, an ecological interception zone; 4, irrigating the ditch; 5, farmland; 21 permeable reaction column; 41, a filler; 211 reaction column outer layer; 212 middle layer of reaction column; 213 inner layer of reaction column.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a heavy metal contaminated farmland remediation system sequentially comprises, from upstream to downstream: the ecological restoration method comprises the following steps of (1) an ecological restoration area, a permeable reactive barrier 2, an ecological interception belt 3, an irrigation channel 4 and a farmland 5; a first heavy metal super-enriched plant is planted in the ecological restoration area 1, and the first heavy metal super-enriched plant carries out first phytorestoration on heavy metal irrigation water; the permeable reactive barrier 2 is provided with a plurality of permeable reactive columns 21, and the permeable reactive barrier 2 is used for carrying out primary chemical barrier on heavy metal irrigation water; a second heavy metal super-enriched plant is planted in the ecological interception zone 3, and the second heavy metal super-enriched plant carries out second phytoremediation on heavy metal irrigation water; the bottom of the irrigation canal 4 is filled with a filler 41, and the filler 41 performs secondary chemical barrier on heavy metal irrigation water; and a heavy metal passivator and a PH regulator are applied to the farmland 5 during deep ploughing.
Heavy metal irrigation water flows through the repair system in heavy metal pollution farmland passes through in proper order: the first heavy metal super-enriched plants in the ecological restoration area 1 are subjected to first phytoremediation, the plurality of permeable reaction columns 21 of the permeable reaction walls 2 are subjected to first chemical barrier, the second heavy metal super-enriched plants in the ecological interception belt 3 are subjected to second phytoremediation, the filler 41 of the irrigation ditch 4 is subjected to second chemical barrier, and finally the heavy metal super-enriched plants enter the farmland 5 to effectively remove the heavy metals in the heavy metal irrigation water; in addition, the heavy metal irrigation water can be applied to irrigation without repeated repair after flowing through the repair system of the heavy metal polluted farmland once, so that the time is saved, and the repair efficiency of the irrigation water is improved.
Heavy metal resistant crops are planted in the ecological restoration area 1 and the ecological interception zone 3, heavy metals in irrigation water are reduced to enter the crops, and safe utilization of farmlands is achieved.
The plurality of permeable reactive columns 21 of the permeable reactive barrier 2 and the filler 41 of the irrigation channel 4 are made of materials for removing heavy metals, so that the heavy metals in the irrigation water are prevented from entering crops, and the safe utilization of farmlands is further realized.
In the deep ploughing process, heavy metal passivators are adopted in the farmland 5 to stabilize the heavy metals in the plough layer, and the farming regulation and control are combined, so that the biological activity of the heavy metals is reduced, and the growth environment of crops is optimized. The pH regulator is used for regulating the pH value of the farmland 5 so as to enable the farmland 5 to reach the optimal pH value for planting.
Preferably, the permeable reactive barrier 2 is in the shape of funnel, circular arc or straight line; the permeable reactive column 21 is in the shape of a cylinder or a cuboid.
Funnel-shaped, circular arc or a style of calligraphy structure can increase with ecological remediation district 1 and with the area of contact of ecological interception area 3 improves remediation efficiency. The permeable reactive columns 21 in the shape of a cylinder or a rectangular parallelepiped are more easily arranged in an array.
Preferably, the permeable reaction column 21 comprises a reaction column outer layer 211, a reaction column middle layer 212 and a reaction column inner layer 213; the reaction column outer layer 211 wraps the reaction column middle layer 212, and the reaction column middle layer 212 wraps the reaction column inner layer 213; the reaction column inner layer 213 is filled with permeable reactive powder and permeable reactive particles.
Permeable reactive powder particles and permeable reactive material particles of the inner layer 213 of the reaction column are wrapped by the middle layer 212 of the reaction column and the outer layer 211 of the reaction column, and when heavy metal irrigation water flows through the permeable reaction column 21, the permeable reactive powder particles and the permeable reactive material particles are not easy to run off.
Preferably, the reaction column outer layer 211 of the permeable reaction column 21 is a steel reinforcement cage; the reaction column middle layer 212 of the permeable reaction column 21 is a mining grating which is a double-layer structure.
The permeable reactive columns 21 are fixed by steel reinforcement cages, and the permeable reactive powder particles and the permeable reactive material particles are wrapped by mining grids, so that the permeable reactive powder particles and the permeable reactive material particles can be conveniently replaced. The side length of the grid of the reinforcement cage is 2-8 cm; the side length of the grid of the mining grid is 12mm, and the mining grid is of a double-layer structure, so that the permeable reactive powder particles and the permeable reactive material particles are more effectively prevented from losing.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the permeable reactive powder material to the permeable reactive powder particles is 1: 1-4, the heavy metal removal effect is optimal.
Preferably, the permeable reactive powder comprises steel slag powder, slag powder and portland cement clinker, and the mass ratio of the steel slag powder to the portland cement clinker is 0-2: 1.
The steel slag powder, the slag powder and the portland cement clinker are powder particles with good heavy metal adsorption performance, and the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain. The powder particles stabilize the heavy metal and slowly generate hydration reaction under the excitation of the acid mining area wastewater, the powder particles adsorbing the heavy metal are solidified, the solidification and stabilization effects are realized, and the powder particles in a saturated state can be used as a mine repairing material and the like after being fixed. The permeable reactive powder preferably comprises steel slag powder, slag powder and portland cement clinker, and does not contain other components, and when the ratio of the steel slag powder to the portland cement clinker is 0-2: 1, the heavy metal removal effect is optimal.
Preferably, the permeable reactive material particles are at least one of sintered ceramsite, limestone, dolomite and kaolinite.
The sintered ceramsite, limestone, dolomite and kaolinite in the permeable reactive material particles are not completely the same in gradation. The sintered ceramsite, limestone, dolomite and kaolinite are granules with good heavy metal adsorption performance, and the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain. The permeable reactive particles stabilize the heavy metal and slowly generate hydration reaction under the excitation of the waste water in the acid mining area, the permeable reactive particles adsorbing the heavy metal are solidified, the solidification and stabilization effects are realized, and the permeable reactive particles in a saturated state can be used as a mine repairing material and the like after being immobilized.
Preferably, the first heavy metal super-enriched plants in the ecological restoration area 1 and the second heavy metal super-enriched plants in the ecological interception zone 3 are energy plants, timber plants, hemp plants or garden plants.
The plants are preferably selected from energy plants, timber plants, hemp plants and garden plants, so that the economic value and the landscape effect of the ecological restoration area 1 and the ecological interception zone 3 can be improved.
At least one first heavy metal super-enriched plant is alternately planted in the ecological restoration area 1, and the first heavy metal super-enriched plant is at least one of arbor, shrub and herbaceous plant; the ecological intercepting zone 3 is alternately planted with at least one second heavy metal super-enriched plant, and the second heavy metal super-enriched plant is at least one of shrub and herbaceous plants.
The arbor includes: tung tree, cornus wilsoniana, nanmu, holly and phyllostachys pubescens; the shrub comprises: amorpha fruticosa, lespedeza pedeza, lespedeza, hippophae rhamnoides, pigeon pea and ligustrum japonicum; the herbaceous plant comprises: bermuda grass, paspalum natatum, perennial ryegrass, festuca arundinacea, trifolium repens and alfalfa.
The ecological restoration zone 1 and the ecological interception zone 3 select pioneering heavy metal super-enriched plants as restoration plants of heavy metal pollutants in the mining area, a composite plant ecological system is formed through multi-level and multi-variety organic combination of the plants, the super-enriched plants are restored for heavy metals in the polluted soil in the mining area, and meanwhile, the heavy metals are effectively prevented from migrating to the downstream.
Preferably, the filler 41 at the bottom of the irrigation canal 4 comprises limestone and quartz sand, the particle size of the limestone is 1-5 cm, and the particle size of the quartz sand is 3-8 mm.
Limestone is an alkaline mineral material, and quartz sand is an adsorption mineral material, so that heavy metals in irrigation water can be purified again, and cleanness and safe use of the irrigation water entering the farmland 5 are ensured.
The application method of the heavy metal polluted farmland remediation system comprises the following steps:
purifying, namely allowing heavy metal irrigation water to sequentially flow through the ecological restoration area 1, the permeable reactive barrier 2, the ecological interception zone 3, the irrigation channel 4 and the farmland 5; and a deep ploughing step, namely carrying out deep ploughing on the soil of the farmland 5, applying a heavy metal passivator and a pH regulator, and planting heavy metal resistant crops, wherein the deep ploughing depth is 0.2-0.4 m.
After sequentially passing through the ecological restoration area 1, the permeable reactive barrier 2, the ecological interception zone 3 and the irrigation canal 4, most heavy metals in the heavy metal irrigation water are removed. Then, the heavy metal passivator and the pH regulator are applied to the soil on the surface layer of the deeply ploughed farmland 5, and finally the soil is in a state suitable for planting crops. And applying the heavy metal passivator can further remove the residual heavy metal, and applying the pH regulator can regulate the pH of the soil to a pH value suitable for planting.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
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| CN105967339A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-09-28 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method and device for ecological pond purification treatment of heavy metal-polluted irrigation water |
| CN106348458A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-01-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Bilayer active medium material and preparation method and application method thereof |
| CN206519440U (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-09-26 | 中科绿洲（北京）环境咨询有限公司 | Heavy metal cleans hidden pipe structure |
| CN107384408A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-11-24 | 湖南景翌湘台环保高新技术开发有限公司 | A kind of farmland pollution soil heavy metal passivant and its preparation and application |
| CN108793309A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of agricultural non -point pollution control system and control method based on biomass carbon and biomass vinegar liquid |
| CN209222868U (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-08-09 | 广东佳德土壤修复技术有限公司 | A kind of permeable reactive barrier device of renovation of organic pollution soil |
| CN109912045A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-21 | 河海大学 | a permeable reactive wall |
| CN111204902A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-29 | 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 | An ecosystem for tailings pond closure and pollution prevention and control and its control method |
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Denomination of invention: The invention relates to a remediation system for heavy metal polluted farmland and an application method thereof Effective date of registration: 20211118 Granted publication date: 20210115 Pledgee: Guangzhou Caold financing Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: GUANGZHOU JINLONGFENG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021980012739 |
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Granted publication date: 20210115 Pledgee: Guangzhou Caold financing Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: GUANGZHOU JINLONGFENG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021980012739 |