CN111608377A - Set up overhanging scaffold and comprehensive construction method thereof - Google Patents
Set up overhanging scaffold and comprehensive construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111608377A CN111608377A CN201910135955.0A CN201910135955A CN111608377A CN 111608377 A CN111608377 A CN 111608377A CN 201910135955 A CN201910135955 A CN 201910135955A CN 111608377 A CN111608377 A CN 111608377A
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001138 Tears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
- E04G3/18—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height supported by cantilevers or other provisions mounted in openings in the building, e.g. window openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
Abstract
A set up overhanging scaffold and comprehensive construction method thereof comprises the following steps: step 1: construction preparation; step 2: pre-burying I-shaped steel compression ring reinforcing steel bars; and step 3: erecting a frame body; and 4, step 4: erecting I-shaped steel; and 5: pulling wires and installing steel plate net connecting pieces; step 6: erecting a steel plate net; and 7: and (5) maintaining the steel plate net. Compared with the traditional dense mesh net, the steel plate net adopted by the construction method has the advantages of high construction speed, shortened construction period, high quality and safety factor, low carbon, environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction. The construction method adopts the shaping component, and has the advantages of advanced technology, safety, reliability, high economic benefit, simple and convenient operation and higher construction standardization degree. The installation construction quality, the sense organ are better, the integrity is good. The finished product of the manufactured component can be turned over and reused for many times after construction, and meets the requirements of construction standardization and standardized management. The construction method is suitable for construction of protective frame bodies such as overhanging scaffolds, construction elevator frames and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a set-up overhanging scaffold and a comprehensive construction method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the building industry, high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings are more and more, and the application of the steel plate meshes in the cantilever scaffold engineering is more and more extensive. The construction method mainly analyzes the important difficulty of the steel plate net in the construction process of the cantilever scaffold, summarizes the problems of the steel plate net in the application of the cantilever scaffold, provides corresponding solutions, and can be used for reference of the steel plate net cantilever scaffold in the field of building engineering. The popularization and application of the steel plate mesh overhanging scaffold can reduce the danger in the aspect of construction safety and reduce the cost in the construction process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an overhanging scaffold and a comprehensive construction method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a set up overhanging scaffold and comprehensive construction method thereof comprises the following steps:
step 1: construction preparation; (1) before formal construction, the adopted steel plate mesh connecting piece, the screw cap, the steel plate mesh, the embedded ring, the I-steel, the steel pipe, the fastener and the steel wire rope are processed in advance; connecting pieces at corners are specially processed to ensure the integrity after the steel plate nets are connected; before the steel plate net is erected, a wire rope is used for pulling through a wire as a reference to ensure that a steel plate net connecting piece is on the same horizontal plane; (2) i-beams are distributed on each building, an optimal scheme is selected, deepening drawing is carried out, and the positions of each I-beam and the reusable bolt compression ring are positioned; (3) collecting relevant construction technical standards, carrying out technical crossing on constructors, manufacturing a steel plate mesh cantilever frame sample plate, trying to arrange the space between the I-shaped steel and determining the blanking size.
Step 2: pre-burying I-shaped steel compression ring reinforcing steel bars; (1) after the floor top plate template is erected, paying off and positioning each reusable bolt compression ring after the floor top plate template is qualified in acceptance; (2) the reusable compression ring is prefabricated in advance through a detailed node diagram, is transported to the site during construction, can bear the dead load of a frame body and the live load during construction in the using process, and can be taken out from the bottom of the structural slab after construction is finished for turnover use; in order to prevent water leakage of the toilet, a plastic sleeve is not adopted, and the reusable pressure ring is spot-welded on the steel bar of the toilet structural slab; (3) the other parts of the embedded rings are sleeved at the bottoms of the embedded rings by plastic sleeves, the plastic sleeves are fixed on the templates by nails, the U-shaped steel bars in the plastic sleeves can be taken out after the templates are disassembled later, and the panel surface is blocked; (4) and after the compression ring is embedded, top plate steel bar binding is carried out, because the engineering top plate is 100mm in thickness, the structure of the embedded ring part needs to be reinforced, 2 steel bars with the length of 1.5m and the diameter of 18mmHRB335 are embedded, and the top plate concrete is poured after acceptance inspection is qualified.
And step 3: erecting a frame body; (1) erecting a vertical rod, a ground sweeping rod, a large cross rod and a small cross rod, erecting a vertical rod in the middle of a tree and a protective railing, and erecting a frame body by analogy; (2) leveling the bottom of the vertical rod of the overhanging scaffold by using a leveling instrument, ensuring that the elevation of the bottom surface of the vertical rod is the same as the elevation of the upper surface of the I-shaped steel, and enabling the bottom of the pre-overhanging scaffold body to be located on the floor type double-row scaffold; and laying I-shaped steel after the concrete wall of the layer is poured.
And 4, step 4: erecting I-shaped steel; an I-shaped steel hole is reserved on the shear wall, the I-shaped steel hole and the compression ring are in the same straight line, a 6 m-long PVC pipe can be used for replacing an I-shaped steel to verify whether the hole is properly reserved at each position, after concrete pouring is finished and certain strength is achieved, the I-shaped steel is laid, a coupling beam is erected, and the coupling beam and the bottom I-shaped steel are connected through a U-shaped sleeve ring matched bolt.
And 5: pulling wires and installing steel plate net connecting pieces; (1) a through line parallel to the large cross rod is pulled out from the upright rod by a cord and is used as a base line for controlling the distance of the connecting piece extending out of the frame body and ensuring that the connecting pieces are all on the same horizontal line; calculating the actual quantity of the first layer of steel plate nets through the stay wires, comparing the actual quantity with the model, and controlling the quantity of the steel plate nets manufactured at the later stage; (5) the connecting piece is modeled by using BIM technology, and is processed and manufactured in a sizing size.
Step 6: erecting a steel plate net; (1) the steel plate net and the connecting piece are alternately constructed, the connecting piece is controlled by taking a cord as a base line, the flatness of the vertical surface of the steel plate net is controlled by the extending length of the connecting piece, and fine adjustment can be carried out in the construction process to ensure the integrity and the attractiveness of the steel plate net; (2) the steel plate nets are connected with the connecting pieces through connecting pieces welded on two sides of the steel plate nets and bolts, the welding positions of the connecting pieces of the steel plate nets on the bottommost layer are 45cm away from the bottom and 15cm away from the top, and the connecting pieces 45cm away from the bottom are not required to be welded on the steel plate nets on the upper portion; the upper part of each layer of steel plate net is welded with steel plate connecting sheets 12cm-15cm away from the two sides respectively, and the upper steel plate net can be clamped; the steel plate nets are ensured to be on the same horizontal plane up and down, and the phenomenon that the inner sides and the outer sides of the steel plate nets slide laterally to cause falling off is prevented; (3) splicing the steel plate nets to corners, reserving the special-shaped steel plate nets, measuring the actual reserved size, comparing the actual reserved size with a model, and when the width is less than 75cm, using the steel plate nets without square pipes as keels; before the production of the special-shaped steel plate net is finished, a reserved hole is shielded by a dense mesh net; (4) when the steel plate net is installed, the installation position of the unloading platform is reserved, and the reserved position of the unloading platform is suitable for the whole area of the steel plate net, so that the phenomenon that the whole bearing wind load is uneven due to the fact that the opening is too large is avoided; (5) the steel plate net overhanging scaffold is characterized in that the joint of each overhanging part is used for ensuring the comprehensive coverage of the steel plate net and the erection of a frame body, so that the upper and lower overhanging I-beams are subjected to dislocation adjustment, otherwise, the vertical rod at one overhanging part of the lower part can influence the laying of the upper overhanging I-beam; after the upper and lower overhanging rods are subjected to dislocation treatment, the upper and lower overhanging steel plate nets are in seamless lap joint, and the effect of the outer vertical surface of the steel plate net is more attractive.
And 7: maintaining a steel plate net; (1) after each layer of steel plate net is installed, the corners of the steel plate net and the joints of the steel plate net and the connecting pieces are checked, so that the phenomenon of falling off caused by instable installation is prevented; (2) when the steel plate net is damaged, the steel plate net is required to be replaced immediately, so that the threat of sharp edges and corners at the damaged part of the steel plate net to constructors is prevented; (3) and the steel plate nets are regularly checked, so that the safety of the scaffold and the use of the steel plate nets is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with the traditional dense mesh net, the steel plate net adopted by the construction method has the advantages of high construction speed, shortened construction period, high quality and safety factor, low carbon, environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.
(2) The construction method adopts the shaping component, and has the advantages of advanced technology, safety, reliability, high economic benefit, simple and convenient operation and higher construction standardization degree. The installation construction quality, the sense organ are better, the integrity is good. The finished product of the manufactured component can be turned over and reused for many times after construction, and meets the requirements of construction standardization and standardized management.
(3) Safety in the steel plate hoisting, mounting and dismounting processes is guaranteed through the self-made steel plate mesh hoisting support and the safety hanging rope.
(4) The construction method is suitable for construction of protective frame bodies such as overhanging scaffolds, construction elevator frames and the like.
The invention provides an overhanging scaffold which is set up through improvement, can meet the requirement of construction on two overhanging sides simultaneously, and has the advantage of greatly improving the construction efficiency, and the construction method is embodied as follows:
the method has the advantages that: the horizontal fixed beam is the setting of multiunit parallelism on erecting a supporting beam, and the top of horizontal fixed beam and erecting a supporting beam overlap joint is equipped with the top reinforcing plate, and the offside of top reinforcing plate is equipped with the bottom reinforcing plate, and top reinforcing plate and bottom reinforcing plate all pass through tightly decides bolt fixed connection with horizontal fixed beam. The stability of erecting a supporting beam on the spandrel column of structure of encorbelmenting is strengthened through the horizontal fixed beam that sets up to the construction mesa sets up in the both sides of side frame structure side, supports the weight of construction workman and material by the support frame, and the bracing shares weight to the spandrel frame on the slant direction, makes the workman can be under construction simultaneously in the both sides direction on the spandrel column of structure of encorbelmenting, has improved the efficiency of construction greatly.
The method has the advantages that: the bottom of bearing bar is equipped with the balancing weight, and the balancing weight nests on the bearing bar to with bearing bar welded fastening. Reduce the bearing bar center through the balancing weight that sets up, improve the support stability of bearing bar to it is safer to make this scaffold use.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the construction of an overhanging scaffold and its comprehensive construction method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the overhanging scaffold erected by the invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a0 of the present invention.
Sequence numbers shown in the figures: side frame structure 1, erect a supporting beam 2, horizontal fixed beam 3, fixed station 4, bearing frame 5, construction mesa 6, support frame 7, bearing bar 8, balancing weight 9, bracing 10, top reinforcing plate 11 and bottom reinforcing plate 12.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order that the present disclosure may be more fully understood and fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. While the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
A set up overhanging scaffold and comprehensive construction method thereof comprises the following steps:
step 1: construction preparation; (1) before formal construction, the adopted steel plate mesh connecting piece, the screw cap, the steel plate mesh, the embedded ring, the I-steel, the steel pipe, the fastener and the steel wire rope are processed in advance; connecting pieces at corners are specially processed to ensure the integrity after the steel plate nets are connected; before the steel plate net is erected, a wire rope is used for pulling through a wire as a reference to ensure that a steel plate net connecting piece is on the same horizontal plane; (2) i-beams are distributed on each building, an optimal scheme is selected, deepening drawing is carried out, and the positions of each I-beam and the reusable bolt compression ring are positioned; (3) collecting relevant construction technical standards, carrying out technical crossing on constructors, manufacturing a steel plate mesh cantilever frame sample plate, trying to arrange the space between the I-shaped steel and determining the blanking size.
Step 2: pre-burying I-shaped steel compression ring reinforcing steel bars; (1) after the floor top plate template is erected, paying off and positioning each reusable bolt compression ring after the floor top plate template is qualified in acceptance; (2) the reusable compression ring is prefabricated in advance through a detailed node diagram, is transported to the site during construction, can bear the dead load of a frame body and the live load during construction in the using process, and can be taken out from the bottom of the structural slab after construction is finished for turnover use; in order to prevent water leakage of the toilet, a plastic sleeve is not adopted, and the reusable pressure ring is spot-welded on the steel bar of the toilet structural slab; (3) the other parts of the embedded rings are sleeved at the bottoms of the embedded rings by plastic sleeves, the plastic sleeves are fixed on the templates by nails, the U-shaped steel bars in the plastic sleeves can be taken out after the templates are disassembled later, and the panel surface is blocked; (4) and after the compression ring is embedded, top plate steel bar binding is carried out, because the engineering top plate is 100mm in thickness, the structure of the embedded ring part needs to be reinforced, 2 steel bars with the length of 1.5m and the diameter of 18mmHRB335 are embedded, and the top plate concrete is poured after acceptance inspection is qualified.
And step 3: erecting a frame body; (1) erecting a vertical rod, a ground sweeping rod, a large cross rod and a small cross rod, erecting a vertical rod in the middle of a tree and a protective railing, and erecting a frame body by analogy; (2) leveling the bottom of the vertical rod of the overhanging scaffold by using a leveling instrument, ensuring that the elevation of the bottom surface of the vertical rod is the same as the elevation of the upper surface of the I-shaped steel, and enabling the bottom of the pre-overhanging scaffold body to be located on the floor type double-row scaffold; and laying I-shaped steel after the concrete wall of the layer is poured.
And 4, step 4: erecting I-shaped steel; an I-shaped steel hole is reserved on the shear wall, the I-shaped steel hole and the compression ring are in the same straight line, a 6 m-long PVC pipe can be used for replacing an I-shaped steel to verify whether the hole is properly reserved at each position, after concrete pouring is finished and certain strength is achieved, the I-shaped steel is laid, a coupling beam is erected, and the coupling beam and the bottom I-shaped steel are connected through a U-shaped sleeve ring matched bolt.
And 5: pulling wires and installing steel plate net connecting pieces; (1) a through line parallel to the large cross rod is pulled out from the upright rod by a cord and is used as a base line for controlling the distance of the connecting piece extending out of the frame body and ensuring that the connecting pieces are all on the same horizontal line; calculating the actual quantity of the first layer of steel plate nets through the stay wires, comparing the actual quantity with the model, and controlling the quantity of the steel plate nets manufactured at the later stage; (5) the connecting piece is modeled by using BIM technology, and is processed and manufactured in a sizing size.
Step 6: erecting a steel plate net; (1) the steel plate net and the connecting piece are alternately constructed, the connecting piece is controlled by taking a cord as a base line, the flatness of the vertical surface of the steel plate net is controlled by the extending length of the connecting piece, and fine adjustment can be carried out in the construction process to ensure the integrity and the attractiveness of the steel plate net; (2) the steel plate nets are connected with the connecting pieces through connecting pieces welded on two sides of the steel plate nets and bolts, the welding positions of the connecting pieces of the steel plate nets on the bottommost layer are 45cm away from the bottom and 15cm away from the top, and the connecting pieces 45cm away from the bottom are not required to be welded on the steel plate nets on the upper portion; the upper part of each layer of steel plate net is welded with steel plate connecting sheets 12cm-15cm away from the two sides respectively, and the upper steel plate net can be clamped; the steel plate nets are ensured to be on the same horizontal plane up and down, and the phenomenon that the inner sides and the outer sides of the steel plate nets slide laterally to cause falling off is prevented; (3) splicing the steel plate nets to corners, reserving the special-shaped steel plate nets, measuring the actual reserved size, comparing the actual reserved size with a model, and when the width is less than 75cm, using the steel plate nets without square pipes as keels; before the production of the special-shaped steel plate net is finished, a reserved hole is shielded by a dense mesh net; (4) when the steel plate net is installed, the installation position of the unloading platform is reserved, and the reserved position of the unloading platform is suitable for the whole area of the steel plate net, so that the phenomenon that the whole bearing wind load is uneven due to the fact that the opening is too large is avoided; (5) the steel plate net overhanging scaffold is characterized in that the joint of each overhanging part is used for ensuring the comprehensive coverage of the steel plate net and the erection of a frame body, so that the upper and lower overhanging I-beams are subjected to dislocation adjustment, otherwise, the vertical rod at one overhanging part of the lower part can influence the laying of the upper overhanging I-beam; after the upper and lower overhanging rods are subjected to dislocation treatment, the upper and lower overhanging steel plate nets are in seamless lap joint, and the effect of the outer vertical surface of the steel plate net is more attractive.
And 7: maintaining a steel plate net; (1) after each layer of steel plate net is installed, the corners of the steel plate net and the joints of the steel plate net and the connecting pieces are checked, so that the phenomenon of falling off caused by instable installation is prevented; (2) when the steel plate net is damaged, the steel plate net is required to be replaced immediately, so that the threat of sharp edges and corners at the damaged part of the steel plate net to constructors is prevented; (3) and the steel plate nets are regularly checked, so that the safety of the scaffold and the use of the steel plate nets is ensured.
Preferably, the steel plate net is a semi-steel safety net, the galvanized square pipe for the frame diagonal bracing is 20 multiplied by 1.0mm in specification, the galvanized steel plate net is 0.3mm in thickness, and the outer vertical surface is painted.
Optimizing, and controlling the quality of construction preparation; each component is manufactured accurately according to the size, and splicing and dislocation are avoided in the connection process; when the connecting sheets are welded, the accurate positioning of the welding sheets is required to be noticed, so that the connecting difficulty caused by the dislocation of the welding sheets at the two sides is prevented; when the steel plate net is erected on each layer, the stay wire ropes are required to ensure that the whole plane has good levelness and verticality.
Optimizing, and controlling the quality of the construction process; in the process of installing the steel plate net, orderly splicing is carried out in sequence according to the model, and proper adjustment is carried out, so that the special-shaped size is reduced, and the cost is reduced; after each steel plate net is installed, adjusting the flatness in the horizontal direction through a cord; the steel plate net at each joint should be strictly controlled for edge joint, and the distance between the large cross rods attached to the connecting pieces is controlled, so that the connection stability of the steel plate net and the connecting pieces is ensured; the seam splicing of the special-shaped steel plate net at the corner is strictly controlled not to exceed 2-3 mm, and the seam splicing dislocation of the steel plate net is not caused.
Optimizing, maintaining process quality control; in the using process of the steel plate net, if the steel plate net is damaged, the steel plate net should be replaced in time, and the connecting nodes of the steel plate net are periodically checked to prevent the steel plate net from settling and falling off.
Optimized, safety measures; the power line of the handheld cutting machine adopts a weather-proof rubber sheath copper core flexible cable; the secondary wire of the electric welding machine is a waterproof rubber sheath copper core flexible cable, the length of the primary wire is not more than 5m, and the primary wire is protected by penetrating a pipe; all power lines must not have any breakage and joint, must not be any to connect and lengthen or tear open and change; the anti-skidding supporting legs are arranged below the support, the steel plate nets prevented from being dismantled are stacked on the outer frame and slide down to cause safe construction, four-point lifting rings are erected on the support, lifting efficiency of the steel plate nets is improved, dangerous actions when workers hook the steel plate nets are avoided during high-altitude operation, and extrusion damage to the steel plate nets caused by tower crane steel wire ropes in a lifting process is prevented.
The invention provides an overhanging scaffold which is improved, and can be implemented as follows; the side frame structure 1 comprises a vertical supporting beam 2, a transverse fixing beam 3 and a bearing frame 5, wherein the transverse fixing beam 3 is arranged in the middle of the vertical supporting beam 2, the bearing frame 5 is arranged in the middle of the transverse fixing beam 3, the bearing frame 5 is perpendicular to the transverse fixing beam 3, a fixing platform 4 is arranged at the lap joint position of the bearing frame 5 and the transverse fixing beam 3, and the bearing frame 5 and the transverse fixing beam 3 are both fixedly connected with the fixing platform 4 through bolts; the construction table top 6 is arranged on two sides of the side face of the side frame structure 1, the support frame 7 is arranged at the bottom of the construction table top 6, the bent inclined support 10 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the support frame 7, the bearing rod 8 parallel to the vertical support beam 2 is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 7, and the bearing rod 8 is fixedly connected with the support frame 7 through bolts.
Horizontal fixed beam 3 is the setting of multiunit paralleling on erecting a supporting beam 2, and the top of horizontal fixed beam 3 and erecting 2 lap-joints of a supporting beam is equipped with top reinforcing plate 11, and the offside of top reinforcing plate 11 is equipped with bottom reinforcing plate 12, and top reinforcing plate 11 and bottom reinforcing plate 12 all pass through tightly deciding bolt fixed connection with horizontal fixed beam 3. The stability of the vertical supporting beam 2 on the bearing column of the cantilever structure is enhanced through the arranged transverse fixing beam 3, the construction table top 6 is arranged on two sides of the side surface of the side frame structure 1, the support frame 7 supports the weight of construction workers and materials, and the inclined strut 10 shares the weight to the bearing frame 5 in the inclined direction, so that the workers can construct on the bearing column of the cantilever structure in the two side directions simultaneously, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved; the bottom of bearing bar 8 is equipped with balancing weight 9, and balancing weight 9 nests on bearing bar 8 to with bearing bar 8 welded fastening. The center of the bearing rod 8 is reduced through the arranged balancing weight 9, and the supporting stability of the bearing rod 8 is improved, so that the scaffold is safer to use; the inclined strut 10 is fixedly connected with the fixed platform 4 through a fastening bolt. The inclined strut 10 is fixed through the arranged fixing table 4; the side frame structure 1 is erected at two ends of the side face of the bearing column of the cantilever structure. The scaffold is erected by the arranged side frame structure 1.
This kind of working principle who sets up scaffold frame of encorbelmenting: the scaffold suitable for building the cantilever structure comprises an edge frame structure 1 and a construction table top 6, wherein the edge frame structure 1 consists of vertical support beams 2, transverse fixing beams 3 and bearing frames 5, the vertical support beams 2 are erected at two ends of the side surface of a bearing column of the cantilever structure, the transverse fixing beams 3 are arranged at the middle positions of the vertical support beams 2 and are arranged in parallel on the vertical support beams 2, the bearing frames 5 are arranged at the middle positions of the transverse fixing beams 3, the bearing frames 5 are vertically arranged with the transverse fixing beams 3, fixing tables 4 are arranged at the lap joint positions of the bearing frames 5 and the transverse fixing beams 3, the construction table top 6 is arranged at two sides of the side surface of the edge frame structure 1, a support frame 7 is arranged at the bottom of the construction table top 6, a bent inclined support 10 is arranged at one side of the bottom of the support frame 7, a bearing rod 8 parallel to the vertical support beams 2 is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 7, the bearing rod 8 is, the fixed beam 3 is connected with the vertical supporting beam 2 and is improved the stability on the bearing post of the vertical supporting beam 2 structure of encorbelmenting to construction table face 6 sets up in the both sides of side frame structure 1 side, supports the weight of construction workman and material by support frame 7, and bracing 10 shares weight to bearing frame 5 on the slant direction, makes the workman can be under construction simultaneously in both sides direction on the bearing post of the structure of encorbelmenting, has improved the efficiency of construction greatly.
The overhanging scaffold is erected, construction can be simultaneously carried out on two overhanging sides, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.
A process principle of erecting an overhanging scaffold and a comprehensive construction method thereof is as follows:
(1) the national current industry standard 'construction fastener type scaffold safety technical Specification' JGJ130 specifies: the length of the end of each rod piece extending out of the edge of the fastener cover plate is not less than 100mm, so when the rod piece is connected with the longitudinal horizontal rod of the frame body to form a steel plate net connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is required to extend out of the edge of the fastener cover plate by 100mm to prevent the connecting piece from falling out of the fastener.
(2) The vertical surfaces of the steel plate nets are spliced transversely and vertically, and gaps among the spliced seams cannot exceed 2-3 mm. The corner is processed, and a special steel plate net connecting sheet is welded at the corresponding position of the steel plate net, so that the corner is connected. The steel plate net is clamped up and down through the steel plate net connecting sheet, and the left side and the right side are connected with the steel plate net connecting sheet through the connecting piece, so that the integrity of the vertical surface of the steel plate net is ensured.
(3) Adopt novel prefabricated reuse formula bolt clamping ring and cooperation plastic sheath to use, it is pre-buried on the roof, demolish the roof template after the construction finishes, adopt the sledgehammer hammering, take out pre-buried ring to adopt pea gravel concreten shutoff structural slab entrance to a cave.
(4) The traditional construction process of the cantilever scaffold is changed, the cantilever scaffold frame body is pre-cantilevered at the rooting part of the cantilever scaffold, and then the I-steel is laid, so that the cantilever scaffold frame body is located on the I-steel layer.
(5) In order to ensure that the frame body is erected between the two picks, the I-shaped steel between the two picks is subjected to dislocation adjustment treatment.
An application example, the science and technology of the university of western's traffic creates a secondary-segment student dormitory building B area of the scientific and creative base of the harbor.
The 12-section student dormitory building in the B area of the two-section area of the science and technology creation base of the western-security traffic university constructed by the company of the national institute of technology, is of a shear wall structure, has 1 floor below the ground and 11 floors above the ground, has a total building area of 133054.33 square meters, and is operated 3 months and 5 days in 2017. 12 a students' dormitory building four layers and all adopt the steel screen to encorbelment scaffold construction more than four layers, the application area: 56000 square meter, application cycle: 6 months in 2017-4 months in 2018. No quality safety accident occurs in the construction process.
The science and technology of the university of western's traffic creates a secondary-segment dormitory building C area of the scientific and creative base of the harbor. The 12-section student dormitory building in the C area of the two-section area of the science and technology creation base of the western-security traffic university constructed by the company of the national institute of technology, is of a shear wall structure, has 1 floor below the ground and 11 floors above the ground, has a total building area of 132709.2 square meters, and is operated 3 months and 5 days in 2017. 12 a students' dormitory building four layers and all adopt the steel screen to encorbelment scaffold construction more than four layers, the application area: 54000 square meters, application cycle: 6 months in 2017-4 months in 2018. No quality safety accident occurs in the construction process.
Analysis of direct and indirect economic benefits of the examples.
Through the application of the construction method of the steel plate mesh overhanging scaffold, the quality, the safety and the appearance are improved qualitatively. The safety problem in the construction process is the key, and the steel plate net maintenance is adopted to play an effective prevention and control guarantee for unsafe factors of construction.
The science and technology of the university of western's traffic creates a student dormitory building B of the scientific and creative base of the harbor.
(1) Calculating a steel plate net: the unit price per square meter is 49 yuan, the loss rate is 2%, the durability of the steel plate mesh is 120 months, and the usage amount per time is less than 56000 square meters.
1) Direct economic benefits:
labor cost: every person is 200 yuan per day, 208 square meters are installed, and 345 square meters are disassembled
One-time installation cost: 56000 × (1 + 2%)/208 × 200=54923 yuan
Once disassembly cost: 56000X (1 + 2%)/345X 200=33113 yuan
(steel plate net spreading and selling quantity = one-time consumption x (construction period/steel plate net durability period) =56000 x (10/120) =4667 square meter
③ the cost of the steel plate mesh = the spreading and the sales of the steel plate mesh x the unit price of the steel plate mesh + the one-time installation cost + the one-time disassembly cost =4667 x 49+54923+33113=316719 yuan
2) Indirect economic benefits:
firstly, after the engineering steel plate net is put into use once, the engineering steel plate net is recycled for 6 times according to the conventional method;
(II) turnover use amount = turnover sales amount x (1 + (turnover times-1) x damage repair rate)/turnover times =4667 x (1 + (6-1) x 2%)/6 =856 square meters;
③ recovering quantity = turnover and sales quantity x (1-repair loss rate)/turnover times =4667 x (1-2%)/6 =762 square meter;
fourthly, scrap iron is produced according to market price: 1360 yuan per ton =1.36 yuan per kg, and the weight of a 1 square meter steel plate net is actually weighed as 3.981 kg.
Therefore, the depreciation price of a steel plate net for square meters of 1 is as follows: 1.36 × 3.981=5.41 membered;
fifthly, amortization amount = turnover use amount-recovery amount x recovery discount rate = 856-;
sixthly, the steel screen cost = spreading and selling amount x the unit price of the steel screen + one-time installation cost + one-time disassembly cost =772 × 49+54923+33113=125864 yuan.
(2) And (3) calculating a dense mesh network: the unit price is 4.17 yuan per square meter, the lap joint is 10 percent, the damage repairing rate is 50 percent, the durability of the dense mesh network is 48 months, and the usage amount per time is =56000 square meters.
1) Labor cost: every person is 200 yuan every day, install 648 square meters, dismantle 1080 square meters.
Installation cost: 56000 x (1 + 10%) × (1 + 50%)/648 x 200=28519 yuan.
Removing cost: 56000 x (1 + 10%) × (1 + 50%)/1080 x 200=17111 yuan.
2) The spreading and selling amount of the safety net = one-time use amount x (construction period/durability of the safety net) =56000 x (10/48) =11667 square meters.
3) The dense mesh network is not used repeatedly after being used;
the total cost of the dense mesh network = the amortization amount of the dense mesh network × the unit price of the dense mesh network + one installation fee + one removal fee =11667 × 4.17+28519+17111=94281 yuan.
The science and technology of the university of western's traffic creates a student dormitory building C area of the scientific and creative base of the harbor.
(1) Calculating a steel plate net: the unit price per square meter is 49 yuan, the damage rate is 2%, the durability of the steel plate net is 120 months, and the usage amount per time is 54000 square meters;
1) direct economic benefits:
labor cost: every person is 200 yuan every day, install 208 square meters, dismantle 345 square meters;
one-time installation cost: 54000 × (1 + 2%)/208 × 200=52962 yuan;
once disassembly cost: 54000 (1 + 2%)/345 × 200=31930 yuan.
(steel plate net spreading and pin quantity = one-time use quantity x (construction period/steel plate net durability period) =54000 x (10/120) =4500 square meters.
③ the cost of the steel plate net = the spreading and the pin quantity of the steel plate net × the unit price of the steel plate net + one-time installation cost + one-time disassembly cost =4500 × 49+52962+31930=305392 yuan.
2) Indirect economic benefits:
firstly, after the steel plate net is put into use once, the steel plate net is recycled for 6 times according to the conventional method;
(ii) turnover use amount = turnover sales amount x (1 + (turnover times-1) x repair loss rate)/turnover times =4500 x (1 + (6-1) x 2%)/6 =825 square meters;
and thirdly, recovering quantity = turnover and sales quantity x (1-damage repairing rate)/turnover times =4500 x (1-2%)/6 =735 square meters.
Fourthly, scrap iron is produced according to market price: 1360 yuan per ton =1.36 yuan per kg, and the weight of a 1 square meter steel plate net is actually weighed as 3.981 kg.
Therefore, the depreciation price of a steel plate net for square meters of 1 is as follows: 1.36 × 3.981=5.41 yuan.
Fifthly, amortization amount = turnover use amount-recovery amount x recovery discount rate = 825-.
Sixthly, the cost of the steel screen is = spreading pin amount x unit price of the steel screen + one-time installation cost + one-time disassembly cost =744 × 49+52962+31930=121348 yuan.
(2) And (3) calculating a dense mesh network: the unit price is 4.17 yuan per square meter, the lap joint is 10 percent, the damage repairing rate is 50 percent, the durability of the dense mesh network is 48 months, and the usage amount per time is 54000 square meters.
1) Labor cost: every person is 200 yuan every day, install 648 square meters, dismantle 1080 square meters.
Installation cost: 54000 (1 + 10%) × (1 + 50%)/648 × 200=27500 yuan.
Removing cost: 54000 (1 + 10%) × (1 + 50%)/1080 × 200=16500 yuan.
2) The spreading and selling amount of the safety net = one-time using amount of x (construction period/durability period of the safety net) =54000 x (10/48) =11250 square meter.
3) The dense mesh network is not used repeatedly after being used;
the total cost of the dense mesh network = the amortization amount of the dense mesh network × the unit price of the dense mesh network + one installation fee + one removal fee =11250 × 4.17+28519+17111=92543 yuan.
The project has large input amount at one time, but the cost of the steel plate net after being used for six times in a turnover way is almost the same as that of the dense mesh net, and the outer vertical surface of the steel plate net is clean, green and environment-friendly, can be used in a turnover way, and can prevent safety accidents. In conclusion, the steel plate net has higher overall benefit than a dense mesh net, and has better popularization significance and value.
Social benefits are as follows: the construction method of the steel plate mesh overhanging scaffold is applied to engineering construction, the steel plate mesh is high in strength, the influence of objects on a frame body and constructors in a vertical transportation process is effectively prevented in the using process, and unsafe phenomena such as object falling and fire disasters are effectively prevented in the construction process. The artificial barrier is used for breaking the inside and outside of a construction area to form an isolation zone. Because the steel plate net is regular and orderly, the outer vertical surface can be painted. Therefore, after the steel plate meshes are spliced and formed, the outer vertical face is attractive, clean, tidy and high in safety coefficient. The use of the steel plate net has further promotion on civilized construction sites, and is agreed by construction units and supervision units.
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A set up overhanging scaffold and comprehensive construction method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: construction preparation;
(1) before formal construction, the adopted steel plate mesh connecting piece, the screw cap, the steel plate mesh, the embedded ring, the I-steel, the steel pipe, the fastener and the steel wire rope are processed in advance; specially processing a connecting sheet at a corner; before the steel plate net is erected, a wire rope is used for pulling through a wire as a reference to ensure that a steel plate net connecting piece is on the same horizontal plane;
(2) i-beams are arranged on each building, an optimal scheme is selected, drawing is deepened, and the positions of the I-beams and the reusable bolt compression rings are positioned;
(3) collecting relevant construction technical standards, carrying out technical crossing on constructors, manufacturing a steel plate mesh cantilever frame sample plate, trying to arrange the space between I-shaped steel, and determining the blanking size;
step 2: pre-burying I-shaped steel compression ring reinforcing steel bars;
(1) after the floor top plate template is erected and qualified in acceptance and check, paying off and positioning each reusable bolt compression ring;
(2) the reusable compression ring is prefabricated in advance through a detailed node diagram and is transported to the site during construction; in order to prevent water leakage of the toilet, a plastic sleeve is not adopted, and the reusable pressure ring is spot-welded on the steel bar of the toilet structural slab;
(3) the other parts of the embedded rings are sleeved at the bottoms of the embedded rings by plastic sleeves, the plastic sleeves are fixed on the templates by nails, the U-shaped steel bars in the plastic sleeves can be taken out after the templates are disassembled later, and the panel surface is blocked;
(4) after the compression ring is embedded, roof steel bars are bound, the part of the embedded ring is structurally reinforced, 2 HRB335 steel bars with the length of 1.5m and the diameter of 18mm are embedded, and roof concrete is poured after acceptance;
and step 3: erecting a frame body;
(1) erecting a vertical rod, a ground sweeping rod, a large cross rod and a small cross rod, erecting a vertical rod in the middle of a tree and a protective railing, and erecting a frame body by analogy;
(2) leveling the bottom of the vertical rod of the overhanging scaffold by using a leveling instrument, ensuring that the elevation of the bottom surface of the vertical rod is the same as the elevation of the upper surface of the I-shaped steel, and enabling the bottom of the pre-overhanging scaffold body to be located on the floor type double-row scaffold; laying I-shaped steel after the concrete wall of the layer is poured;
and 4, step 4: erecting I-shaped steel;
reserving I-shaped steel holes on the shear wall, enabling the I-shaped steel holes to be in the same straight line with the compression ring, adopting 6 m-long PVC pipes to replace I-shaped steel to verify whether the reserved holes are proper or not, laying the I-shaped steel after concrete pouring is finished and certain strength is achieved, erecting a coupling beam, and connecting the coupling beam with the bottom I-shaped steel by adopting a U-shaped sleeve ring matched bolt;
and 5: pulling wires and installing steel plate net connecting pieces;
(1) a through line parallel to the large cross rod is pulled out from the upright rod by a cord and is used as a base line for controlling the distance of the connecting piece extending out of the frame body and ensuring that the connecting pieces are all on the same horizontal line; calculating the actual quantity of the first layer of steel plate nets through the stay wires, comparing the actual quantity with the model, and controlling the quantity of the steel plate nets manufactured at the later stage;
(5) the connecting piece is modeled by using a BIM technology, and is processed and manufactured in a sizing size;
step 6: erecting a steel plate net;
(1) the steel plate net and the connecting piece are alternately constructed, the connecting piece is controlled by taking a cord as a base line, the flatness of the vertical surface of the steel plate net is controlled by the extending length of the connecting piece, and fine adjustment can be carried out in the construction process to ensure the integrity and the attractiveness of the steel plate net;
(2) the steel plate nets are connected with the connecting pieces through connecting pieces welded on two sides of the steel plate nets and bolts, the welding positions of the connecting pieces of the steel plate nets on the bottommost layer are 45cm away from the bottom and 15cm away from the top, and the connecting pieces 45cm away from the bottom are not required to be welded on the steel plate nets on the upper portion;
the upper part of each layer of steel plate net is welded with steel plate connecting sheets 12cm-15cm away from the two sides respectively, and the upper steel plate net can be clamped;
(3) splicing the steel plate nets to corners, reserving the special-shaped steel plate nets, measuring the actual reserved size, comparing the actual reserved size with a model, and when the width is less than 75cm, using the steel plate nets without square pipes as keels; before the production of the special-shaped steel plate net is finished, a reserved hole is shielded by a dense mesh net;
(4) when the steel plate net is installed, the installation position of the unloading platform is reserved, and the reserved position of the unloading platform is suitable for the whole area of the steel plate net, so that the phenomenon that the whole bearing wind load is uneven due to the fact that the opening is too large is avoided;
(5) in order to ensure the comprehensive coverage of the steel plate net and the erection of a frame body, the upper and lower overhanging I-beams are subjected to dislocation adjustment treatment at each overhanging joint of the steel plate net overhanging scaffold, otherwise, the vertical rod at one overhanging part of the lower part can influence the laying of the upper overhanging I-beam; after the upper and lower overhanging rods are subjected to dislocation treatment, the upper and lower overhanging steel plate nets are in seamless lap joint, and the effect of the outer vertical surface of the steel plate net is more attractive;
and 7: maintaining a steel plate net;
(1) after each layer of steel plate net is installed, the corners of the steel plate net and the joints of the steel plate net and the connecting pieces are checked, so that the phenomenon of falling off caused by instable installation is prevented;
(2) when the steel plate net is damaged, the steel plate net is required to be replaced immediately, so that the threat of sharp edges and corners at the damaged part of the steel plate net to constructors is prevented;
(3) and the steel plate nets are regularly checked, so that the safety of the scaffold and the use of the steel plate nets is ensured.
2. The set-up cantilever scaffold and the comprehensive construction method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the set-up cantilever scaffold comprises a side frame structure (1) and a construction platform (6); the side frame structure (1) is composed of a vertical supporting beam (2), a transverse fixing beam (3) and a bearing frame (5), the transverse fixing beam (3) is arranged in the middle of the vertical supporting beam (2), the bearing frame (5) is arranged in the middle of the transverse fixing beam (3), the bearing frame (5) and the transverse fixing beam (3) are vertically arranged, a fixing table (4) is arranged at the lap joint position of the bearing frame (5) and the transverse fixing beam (3), and the bearing frame (5) and the transverse fixing beam (3) are fixedly connected with the fixing table (4) through bolts; construction mesa (6) set up in the both sides of side frame structure (1) side, the bottom of construction mesa (6) is equipped with support frame (7), and bottom one side of support frame (7) is equipped with bracing (10) of bending, the bottom of support frame (7) is equipped with bearing bar (8) that are on a parallel with erect a supporting beam (2), bearing bar (8) with support frame (7) pass through bolt fixed connection.
3. The set-up cantilever scaffold and the comprehensive construction method thereof according to claim 2, wherein the transverse fixing beams (3) are arranged on the vertical supporting beams (2) in parallel in multiple groups, top reinforcing plates (11) are arranged at the top ends of the lap joints of the transverse fixing beams (3) and the vertical supporting beams (2), bottom reinforcing plates (12) are arranged on the opposite sides of the top reinforcing plates (11), and the top reinforcing plates (11) and the bottom reinforcing plates (12) are fixedly connected with the transverse fixing beams (3) through fastening bolts.
4. The set-up cantilever scaffold and the comprehensive construction method thereof according to claim 2, wherein a weight block (9) is arranged at the bottom of the bearing rod (8), and the weight block (9) is nested on the bearing rod (8) and is welded and fixed with the bearing rod (8).
5. The erected cantilever scaffold and the comprehensive construction method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel plate net is a semi-steel safety net, the galvanized square pipe for the frame diagonal bracing has a size of 20 x 1.0mm, the galvanized steel plate net has a thickness of 0.3mm, and the outer vertical surface is painted.
6. The erection cantilever scaffold and the comprehensive construction method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the construction preparation quality is controlled; each component is manufactured accurately according to the size, and splicing and dislocation are avoided in the connection process; when the connecting sheets are welded, the accurate positioning of the welding sheets is required to be noticed, so that the connecting difficulty caused by the dislocation of the welding sheets at the two sides is prevented; when the steel plate net is erected on each layer, the stay wire ropes are required to ensure that the whole plane has good levelness and verticality.
7. The erection cantilever scaffold and the comprehensive construction method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the construction process quality is controlled; in the process of installing the steel plate net, orderly splicing is carried out in sequence according to the model, and proper adjustment is carried out, so that the special-shaped size is reduced, and the cost is reduced; after each steel plate net is installed, adjusting the flatness in the horizontal direction through a cord; the steel plate net at each joint should be strictly controlled for edge joint, and the distance between the large cross rods attached to the connecting pieces is controlled, so that the connection stability of the steel plate net and the connecting pieces is ensured; the seam splicing of the special-shaped steel plate net at the corner is strictly controlled not to exceed 2-3 mm, and the seam splicing dislocation of the steel plate net is not caused.
8. The set-up cantilever scaffold and its comprehensive construction method of claim 1, wherein the process quality control is maintained; in the using process of the steel plate net, if the steel plate net is damaged, the steel plate net should be replaced in time, and the connecting nodes of the steel plate net are periodically checked to prevent the steel plate net from settling and falling off.
9. The erection cantilever scaffold and the comprehensive construction method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein safety measures;
the power line of the handheld cutting machine adopts a weather-proof rubber sheath copper core flexible cable; the secondary wire of the electric welding machine is a waterproof rubber sheath copper core flexible cable, the length of the primary wire is not more than 5m, and the primary wire is protected by penetrating a pipe; all power lines must not have any breakage and joint, must not be any to connect and lengthen or tear open and change; the anti-skidding supporting legs are arranged below the support, the steel plate nets prevented from being dismantled are stacked on the outer frame and slide down to cause safe construction, four-point lifting rings are erected on the support, lifting efficiency of the steel plate nets is improved, dangerous actions when workers hook the steel plate nets are avoided during high-altitude operation, and extrusion damage to the steel plate nets caused by tower crane steel wire ropes in a lifting process is prevented.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111608376A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-01 | 陕西建工第六建设集团有限公司 | Comprehensive construction method for shaping component |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111608377B (en) | 2021-09-10 |
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