CN111605345A

CN111605345A - Building materials edge carving device

Info

Publication number: CN111605345A
Application number: CN202010508401.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘立超
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-06
Filing date: 2020-06-06
Publication date: 2020-09-01

Abstract

The invention provides a building material edge carving device which effectively solves the problems that when an existing house is used for carving a cultural curve on a prefabricated member, the labor amount is large, the precision is not easy to control, a cutter is not stressed constantly and is easy to damage, the overall attractiveness is affected due to poor precision, the requirement of site construction cannot be well met, the processing cost is high, and the construction efficiency is seriously delayed; the technical scheme for solving the problem is that the device comprises a workbench, vertical plates are arranged at the left end and the right end of the workbench, a rectangular block is arranged between the two vertical plates, and lead screws are arranged at the two ends of the rectangular block; a planetary gear train is arranged above the rectangular block, a rack is arranged on the rear side of the gear ring, gear teeth are arranged on the outer circular surface of the gear ring, a transmission gear is arranged on the lower side of the rear end of the rectangular plate, and gear teeth are arranged on the outer edge surface of the planet carrier; a circular plate is arranged on the lower side of the rectangular block, a screw rod is arranged on the upper end face of the circular plate, a sliding barrel is sleeved on the screw rod, the lower end of a central shaft of the sun wheel is fixed with the sliding barrel, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the circular plate, a first motor is arranged at the lower end of a piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder, and a cutter is arranged on the first motor.

Description

Building materials edge carving device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engraving, in particular to a building material edge engraving device.

Background

With the rise of life quality, people pay more attention to the comfort of houses. When a house is built, especially a high-grade villa, a vacation village and a rural area, a private customized appliance is often adopted, so that the unique place of the house building is embodied. The most obvious place of building is the door building, after characters are engraved, the characters and decorative patterns are engraved in advance, and then the prepared stone or timber is fixed on the door building. Similarly, there are stone tablets for various uses, and the edges are also in need of modification. When the building material is prefabricated, decorative texture lines are required to be arranged on the raw material, the visual effect is improved, and most commonly, the curve is similar to cycloid, cloud line and wave line and has a certain specific rule. In addition, the edges of wooden boards and doors and windows are also decorated by carving.

In the prior art, during field construction, measurement, dotting and lofting are performed at a position to be engraved, then a marking pen is used for connecting a plurality of points and sketching a rough sample to be engraved, and then a special machine is held by a hand for processing, wherein a special drilling and milling cutter or other special engraving cutters are commonly used for general materials. Because the axial direction and the radial direction of the cutter are stressed in the drilling, milling or carving process, the hand is difficult to keep stable, the feeding amount is difficult to control, the precision of a light person is insufficient, the integral attractiveness is affected, and the cutter is easy to break due to irregular vibration.

For the situation, a part of constructors adopt numerical control machines to process, but the specific implementation is also quite difficult, firstly, the requirements and the sizes of each family are different for the non-standard parts customized by the private, the programs need to be adjusted and rearranged when each family is replaced, the requirements for the quality of the constructors are invisibly improved, and repeated discussion among the constructors, the operators and the clients is needed, secondly, because the numerical control machines belong to high-precision equipment and are inconvenient to carry, the construction sites of construction teams are not fixed, the constructors need to carry a material processing workshop every time, then the processing workshop is carried by the constructors, and then the construction is returned, so that the construction efficiency is seriously delayed, finally, the numerical control machines are more suitable for batch production, the precision is controllable, but for most of individual private users, no special requirements for the precision exist, only the shape is like the spirit, and the workpiece is processed by a numerical control machine, so that resources are wasted. Besides, from an economic point of view, for the machine owner, each order needs to be reprogrammed, wasting a lot of time, the machine is empty, the efficiency is low, and in order to compensate for the loss, only high costs can be charged to the construction team or the individual customer, which is disadvantageous for both parties.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the building material edge carving device, which effectively solves the problems that when the prefabricated member of the existing house is used for carving a cultural and artistic curve, the labor amount is large, the precision is not easy to control, the cutter is not stressed constantly and is easy to damage, the precision is poor, the integral appearance is influenced, the requirements of site construction cannot be well met, the processing cost is high, and the construction efficiency is seriously prolonged.

The technical scheme includes that the automatic feeding device comprises a workbench which is horizontally placed, wherein vertical plates which are vertically fixed are arranged at the left end and the right end of the workbench, a horizontal rectangular block is arranged between the two vertical plates, a horizontal lead screw which can be actively rotated penetrates through the front end and the rear end of the rectangular block, the two lead screws are in the same rotating direction, the lead screws are in threaded connection with the rectangular block, and the two lead screws are simultaneously rotated to drive the rectangular block to move left and right along the lead screws; a planetary gear train is arranged above the rectangular block, a horizontal rack is arranged on the rear side of the gear ring, two ends of the rack are fixed with the vertical plate together, gear teeth meshed with the rack are arranged on the outer circular surface of the gear ring, a transmission gear capable of actively rotating is arranged on the lower side of the rear end of the rectangular plate, gear teeth meshed with the transmission gear are arranged on the outer edge surface of the planet carrier, and the upper end of a central shaft of the sun gear is rotationally fixed with the sliding plate;

the lower side of the rectangular block is provided with a horizontal circular plate, the upper end face of the circular plate is provided with a groove which is formed along the radial direction of the circular plate, a screw rod which can rotate but cannot move axially is arranged in the groove, a sliding barrel is sleeved on the screw rod and is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the lower end of a central shaft of the sun wheel penetrates through the rectangular block and is fixed with the sliding barrel, the lower end of the circular plate is provided with a hydraulic cylinder, the lower end of a piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a first motor, and a cutter is arranged on the.

The device has the advantages of ingenious structure, simple adjustment, capability of enabling the cutter to process along a curve with a certain rule, capability of increasing the carving density in a specific place according to needs, capability of adjusting the style and the radian of the curve according to needs, capability of enabling the cutter to be stressed in a balanced manner and reducing vibration in the process of processing, controllable precision compared with the manual mode, capability of bearing larger torque, capability of well adapting to the requirements of site construction, great saving of processing cost, contribution to improvement of construction efficiency, wide applicability, convenience in carrying and transition and easiness in popularization.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows the path of the tool according to the invention on a workpiece.

Fig. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a view from a in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a view from B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a view from direction C-C in fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a connection relationship diagram of a circular plate and a screw in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a state diagram when the present invention machines a circular truncated cone-shaped workpiece.

Detailed Description

The following description will explain embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the invention comprises a horizontally arranged workbench 1, wherein the left end and the right end of the workbench 1 are both provided with a vertical plate 2 which is vertically fixed, a horizontal rectangular block 3 is arranged between the two vertical plates 2, the front end and the rear end of the rectangular block 3 are both penetrated with a horizontal lead screw 4 which can actively rotate, the rotation directions of the two lead screws 4 are the same, the lead screws 4 are connected with the rectangular block 3 through threads, and the two lead screws 4 simultaneously rotate to drive the rectangular block 3 to move left and right along the lead screws 4; a planetary gear train is arranged above the rectangular block 3, wherein a horizontal rack 6 is arranged at the rear side of the gear ring 5, two ends of the rack 6 are fixed with the vertical plate 2, gear teeth meshed with the rack 6 are arranged on the outer circular surface of the gear ring 5, a transmission gear 7 capable of actively rotating is arranged at the lower side of the rear end of the rectangular plate, gear teeth meshed with the transmission gear 7 are arranged on the outer edge surface of the planet carrier 8, and the upper end of a central shaft 12 of the sun gear is rotationally fixed with the sliding plate 28;

the lower side of the rectangular block 3 is provided with a horizontal circular plate 9, the upper end face of the circular plate 9 is provided with a groove which is arranged along the radial direction of the circular plate, a screw rod 10 which can rotate but cannot move axially is arranged in the groove, a sliding barrel 11 is sleeved on the screw rod 10, the sliding barrel 11 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 10, the lower end of a central shaft 12 of the sun gear penetrates through the rectangular block 3 and is fixed with the sliding barrel 11, the lower end of the circular plate 9 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 13, the lower end of a piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder 13 is provided with a first motor, and a cutter 14 is.

In order to install the hydraulic cylinder 13 and enable the cutter 14 to perform multi-angle engraving, a worm 15 which is arranged along the radial direction of the circular plate 9 and can rotate is arranged below the circular plate 9, a worm wheel 16 is meshed at the lower end of the worm 15, the worm wheel 16 is rotationally fixed on the circular plate 9, a horizontal movable plate 17 is fixed on the right side of the worm wheel 16, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixed on the upper side of the right end of the movable plate 17, and the lower end of a piston rod on the hydraulic cylinder 13 penetrates through the movable plate 17 and is arranged.

In order to install the worm 15 and the worm wheel 16, the lower end of the circular plate 9 is provided with a first connecting plate 18 corresponding to the worm 15, the end part of the worm 15 penetrates through the first connecting plate 18 and is arranged outside the first connecting plate 18, and the end part of the worm 15 is provided with an annular bulge so that the worm 15 cannot move axially; the lower end of the circular plate 9 is provided with a second connecting plate 19 corresponding to the worm wheel 16, and the worm wheel 16 is rotationally fixed on the second connecting plate 19.

In order to realize that the two lead screws 4 can rotate simultaneously and in the same direction, the end parts of the lead screws 4 are rotationally fixed with the vertical plate 2, the left end of each lead screw 4 is fixedly provided with a first gear 20 coaxial with the lead screw, the vertical plate 2 positioned on the left side is provided with a second gear 21, the second gear 21 is positioned between the two first gears 20, the second gear 21 is meshed with the first gears 20, the second gear 21 is connected with a second motor 22, the second motor 22 is fixed on the vertical plate 2, and the second motor 22 drives the second gear 21 to rotate so that the two first gears 20 simultaneously rotate in the same direction.

In order to make the transmission gear 7 actively rotate, so as to realize the adjustment of the pattern density, a third motor 23 is connected to the transmission gear 7, and the third motor 23 is fixed on the sliding plate 28.

The lower end of the vertical plate 2 is fixed with a horizontal bottom plate 24, and the bottom plate 24 and the workbench 1 are fixed together through a plurality of bolts.

In order to realize that the upper end of the central shaft 12 of the sun wheel is fixed with the sliding plate 28 in a rotating way, the lower end of the sliding plate 28 is fixed with the vertical cylinder 25, the upper end of the central shaft 12 of the sun wheel is inserted in the vertical cylinder 25, and a bearing is arranged between the upper end of the central shaft 12 and the vertical cylinder 25.

The slideway comprises two transverse rods 26 which are arranged along the front and the back, the two transverse rods 26 are symmetrical front and back, the end parts of the transverse rods 26 are fixed with the vertical plate 2, a sliding sleeve 27 which can move left and right is sleeved on the transverse rods 26, the sliding sleeve 27 is fixed with a sliding plate 28, and the sliding plate 28 is positioned below the transverse rods 26.

It is worth noting that in order to reduce friction force, bearings are mounted between the end of the screw rod 4 and the vertical plate 2, and bearings are mounted between the central shaft 12 of the sun gear and the rectangular block 3; a linear bearing is arranged between the sliding sleeve 27 and the cross rod 26, and the second motor 22 and the third motor 23 are both servo motors with contracting brake functions.

When in use, a workpiece to be processed is firmly fixed on the workbench 1, at the moment, the first motor and the hydraulic cylinder 13 are started, so that the cutter 14 at the lower end is contacted with the workpiece, then the second motor 22 is started, the third motor 23 is not moved, the second motor 22 drives the second gear 21 to rotate so that the two first gears 20 rotate simultaneously, the first gear 20 rotates to drive the lead screw 4 to rotate, the lead screw 4 rotates to drive the rectangular block 3 to move left and right along the lead screw 4, the rectangular block 3 moves left and right to drive the gear ring 5 to roll along the rack 6, the central shaft 12 of the sun wheel drives the sliding cylinder 11 to rotate by taking the central shaft 12 as the center, the sliding cylinder 11 drives the circular plate 9 to rotate by taking the central shaft 12 as the center through the screw 10, the circular plate 9 rotates to drive the movable plate 17 below to rotate, the movable plate 17 rotates to drive the hydraulic cylinder 13 and the first motor to rotate, and accordingly the engraving of the tool.

According to the process, as shown in the attached drawing 1, a group b is a normal cycloid curve, wherein a group b is a standard cycloid curve, a short cycloid curve and a long cycloid curve from top to bottom in sequence, in combination with the present invention, a distance L from a cutting edge at the lower end of the cutter 14 to the axis of the central shaft 12 of the sun gear is set, a half of a nominal diameter of the worm gear 16 is set to be R, when L = R, a trajectory of the cutter 14 on a workpiece is the standard cycloid curve, when L < R, a trajectory of the cutter 14 on the workpiece is the short cycloid curve, and when L > R, a trajectory of the cutter 14 on the workpiece is the long cycloid curve.

In the above process, due to the relation of the transmission ratio of the planetary gear, the trajectory of the tool 14 on the workpiece is not necessarily a standard cycloid, as shown in fig. 1, if the curvature and density of the trajectory need to be changed, that is, the distance spanned by one arch of the trajectory is changed, at this time, the third motor 23 is started, the third motor 23 rotates to drive the gear ring 5 to rotate through the transmission gear 7, and at the same time, the lead screw 4 drives the central shaft 12 of the sun gear to move the whole planetary gear structure left and right through the rectangular block 3, wherein the gear ring 5 rolls along the rack 6, and the overlapping of the two increases or decreases the span of each arch, as shown in fig. 1, the group a is the trajectory after the span of each arch is increased, and the group b is the trajectory after the span of each arch is decreased in fig. When the angle of rotation of the sun gear by the ring gear 5 and the angle of rotation of the sun gear by the planet carrier 8 cancel each other out in the same time, the path engraved on the surface of the workpiece by the tool 14 is a straight line.

The camber of the path of the tool 14 on the surface of the workpiece is adjustable by the steps of: by rotating the screw 10 on the circular plate 9, the relative position between the slide cylinder 11 and the circular plate 9, that is, the distance between the lower end of the cutter 14 and the central axis 12 of the sun gear, can be changed by rotating the screw 10, thereby realizing the arch height adjustment of the engraving track.

The invention is also suitable for circular tracks, and the specific method is that the third motor 23 rotates, and the second motor 22 is fixed and does not rotate, namely the second motor 22 drives the planet carrier 8 to rotate through the transmission gear 7 but the screw rod 4 does not rotate, the gear ring 5 is fixed and does not rotate, the planet carrier 8 drives the sun gear to rotate, the central shaft 12 of the sun gear drives the circular plate 9 through the sliding cylinder 11, the central shaft 12 serves as the center to rotate, finally the movable plate 17 rotates, finally the lower end of the cutter 14 forms a circular track on the surface of the workpiece, and the adjustment of the radius of the circular track can be realized by adjusting the position of the sliding cylinder 11 on the screw rod 10. On the basis, the conical or circular truncated cone-shaped surface can be engraved or modified with textures, specifically, the worm 15 is rotated manually, the worm 15 drives the worm wheel 16 to rotate, the worm wheel 16 rotates to drive the movable plate 17 to swing up and down, when the movable plate 17 swings to a specific position, the rotation is stopped, at this time, the angle of the movable plate 17 is fixed, and meanwhile, the engraving angle of the cutter 14 is also fixed.

The invention has the outstanding advantages and remarkable progress that:

1. the invention adopts the screw rod 4 nut and the planetary gear train structure to meet the private customized requirements in house construction and decoration, wherein the planetary gear train structure can skillfully superpose the rotating speeds of the planet carrier 8 and the gear ring 5 and output by the sun gear to ensure that the track of the cutter 14 can be flexibly adjusted, the screw rod 4 can enable the rectangular block 3 to stably move, further realize that the cutter 14 can stably move along a specific track and reduce vibration, and the screw rod 4 nut mechanism can bear larger torque and reduce manual labor.

2. The transmission gear 7 in the invention directly influences the rotating speed of the planet carrier 8 on the span of each arch formed by the track stroked by the cutter 14, the screw rod 4 can also rotate by using a manual rocking handle, especially under the condition that the third motor 23 is not electrified and the transmission gear 7 is fixed, the second gear 21 is manually rotated, so that the span of one arch is increased or reduced in a certain specific area, if the third motor 23 drives the transmission gear 7 to rotate, a worker is required to have quite abundant experience, otherwise, the preset track is deviated and even the workpiece is scrapped.

3. The invention is suitable for carrying and site construction, can be manufactured in real time according to site requirements, greatly saves processing cost, is beneficial to improving construction efficiency, has wide applicability, is convenient for carrying and transferring and is easy to popularize.

Claims

1. The building material edge carving device is characterized by comprising a workbench (1) which is horizontally placed, wherein vertical fixed vertical plates (2) are arranged at the left end and the right end of the workbench (1), a horizontal rectangular block (3) is arranged between the two vertical plates (2), a horizontal lead screw (4) capable of actively rotating penetrates through the front end and the rear end of the rectangular block (3), the two lead screws (4) have the same rotating direction, the lead screws (4) are connected with the rectangular block (3) through threads, and the two lead screws (4) rotate simultaneously to drive the rectangular block (3) to move left and right along the lead screws (4); a planetary gear train is arranged above the rectangular block (3), a horizontal rack (6) is arranged on the rear side of the gear ring (5), two ends of the rack (6) are fixed with the vertical plate (2), gear teeth meshed with the rack (6) are arranged on the outer circular surface of the gear ring (5), a transmission gear (7) capable of actively rotating is arranged on the lower side of the rear end of the rectangular plate, gear teeth meshed with the transmission gear (7) are arranged on the outer edge surface of the planet carrier (8), and the upper end of a central shaft (12) of the sun gear is rotationally fixed with the sliding plate (28);

rectangle piece (3) downside have plectane (9) of level form, plectane (9) up end is last to have along its radial recess of seting up, screw rod (10) that can rotate but axial displacement can not have in the recess, the cover is equipped with slide cartridge (11) on screw rod (10), slide cartridge (11) and screw rod (10) are through threaded connection, center pin (12) lower extreme of sun gear run through rectangle piece (3) and with slide cartridge (11) fixed together, pneumatic cylinder (13) are installed to plectane (9) lower extreme, first motor is installed to the piston rod lower extreme in pneumatic cylinder (13), install cutter (14) on the first motor.

2. A building material carving device according to claim 1 characterized in that a worm (5) is arranged under the circular plate (9) along the radial direction of the circular plate (9) and can rotate, a worm wheel (16) is meshed at the lower end of the worm (5), the worm wheel (16) is rotationally fixed on the circular plate (9), a horizontal movable plate (17) is fixed at the right side of the worm wheel (16), a hydraulic cylinder (13) is fixed at the upper side of the right end of the movable plate (17), and the lower end of a piston rod on the hydraulic cylinder (13) penetrates through the movable plate (17) and is arranged at the lower side of the movable plate (17).

3. A building material carving device as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the circular plate (9) has at its lower end a first connecting plate (18) corresponding to the worm (15), the end of the worm (15) extending through the first connecting plate (18) and being disposed outside the first connecting plate (18), the end of the worm (15) having an annular projection such that the worm (15) cannot move axially; the lower end of the circular plate (9) is provided with a second connecting plate (19) corresponding to the worm wheel (16), and the worm wheel (16) is rotationally fixed on the second connecting plate (19).

4. A building material edge carving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the lead screws (4) are rotatably fixed to the vertical plates (2), a first gear (20) coaxial with each lead screw (4) is fixed to the left end of each lead screw (4), a second gear (21) is arranged on the vertical plate (2) on the left side, the second gear (21) is located between the two first gears (20), the second gear (21) is meshed with the first gears (20), a second motor (22) is connected to the second gear (21), the second motor (22) is fixed to the vertical plates (2), and the second motor (22) drives the second gears (21) to rotate so that the two first gears (20) simultaneously rotate in the same direction.

5. A building material edge carving device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a third motor (23) is connected to the drive gear (7) and the third motor (23) is secured to the slide plate (28).

6. A building material edge carving device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lower end of the riser (2) is secured to a horizontal base plate (24), the base plate (24) being secured to the platform (1) by a plurality of bolts.

7. A building material edge carving device according to claim 1 characterized in that the lower end of the sliding plate (28) is fixed with a vertical tube (25), the upper end of the central shaft (12) of the sun gear is inserted into the vertical tube (25), and a bearing is installed between the upper end of the central shaft (12) and the vertical tube (25).

8. A building material edge carving device according to claim 1 wherein the runner includes two cross bars (26) arranged in a front-back direction, the two cross bars (26) are symmetrical in the front-back direction, the ends of the cross bars (26) are fixed to the vertical plate (2), a sliding sleeve (27) capable of moving left and right is sleeved on the cross bars (26), the sliding sleeve (27) is fixed to the sliding plate (28), and the sliding plate (28) is located below the cross bars (26).