CN111604155A - Method and device for treating municipal solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method and device for treating urban waste, comprising a frame and a crushing mechanism arranged on the frame, and a screening mechanism and a grinding mechanism are arranged on the frame , the crushing mechanism is arranged above the screening mechanism, and the grinding mechanism is arranged below the screening mechanism. The screening mechanism includes a screening barrel and a screening plate. The screening plate is arranged in the screening barrel. For the anti-blocking component for dredging the screening holes, the grinding mechanism includes a grinding barrel and several grinding rollers, and each grinding roller is provided with several groups of grinding rollers for grinding solid waste along the length direction of the grinding roller. Blade assembly, one side of the grinding barrel is provided with an incinerator. The device has the advantages of good crushing effect on solid waste, thereby improving the recycling and processing effect, and providing a processing method with good crushing effect.

Description

Method and device for treating municipal solid waste

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method and device for treating urban waste.

Background technique

Solid waste is the solid and semi-solid waste produced in human production, consumption, life and other activities. Solid waste mainly includes solid particles, garbage, slag, sludge, discarded products, broken utensils, etc. In order to reduce environmental pollution to the region and prevent secondary pollution, a solid waste treatment device is required to effectively dispose of solid waste.

For example, a solid waste treatment equipment with patent publication number CN209093540U includes a base, a box body is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base, a feeding port is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the box body, and a box is hinged on one side of the feeding port. The bottom end of the inner cavity of the box cover is hinged with a discharge cover, the middle of the bottom end of the box inner cavity is placed with a cart, and the bottom ends of both sides of the box inner cavity are fixedly installed with inclined blocks. The top of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a guiding device, the guiding device includes a hydraulic rod, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the box, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with a short rod, the other end of the short rod is hinged with a rectangular plate, and the box is provided with a The first drum and the second drum are provided with a crushing tool holder on the first drum and the second drum. The solid waste treatment equipment is used in conjunction with a hydraulic rod and a short rod, so that one end of the two rectangular plates can be close to or away from each other, and then the distance between the two rectangular plates can be changed, so that all solid waste can be guided to the first drum. and the second drum, so that solid waste will not remain in the box without shredding.

The above-mentioned prior art scheme has the following defects: the processing equipment is provided with a crushing tool holder to play a crushing role, but the size of the solid waste after crushing is different, resulting in uneven crushing and poor crushing effect, Thus affecting the recovery and treatment effect of solid waste.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a municipal solid waste treatment device, which has the advantage of good crushing effect on solid waste, thereby improving the recycling treatment effect.

One of the above-mentioned purposes of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A municipal solid waste treatment device includes a frame and a crushing mechanism arranged on the frame, the crushing mechanism is used for crushing solid waste, and it is characterized in that: a screening mechanism and a grinding mechanism are arranged on the frame. a crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the screening mechanism, a feeding hopper is communicated between the crushing mechanism and the screening mechanism, and the grinding mechanism is arranged below the screening mechanism;

The crushing mechanism includes a number of crushing rollers for crushing solid waste and a crushing barrel, a number of the crushing rollers are rotatably carried in the crushing barrel, and the crushing barrel is provided with a plurality of crushing barrels for driving a number of the crushing barrels. The first driving component of the roller rotation, the top of the crushing barrel is connected with a feeding hopper, and the bottom of the crushing barrel is connected with a discharging hopper;

The screening mechanism includes a screening barrel and a screening plate, the screening plate is arranged in the screening barrel, a screening discharge port is provided on one side of the screening barrel, and the screening plate is There are a plurality of screening holes for small particle solid waste to pass through, the screening barrel is provided with an anti-blocking component for dredging the screening holes, and the bottom of the screening barrel is provided with several The screening discharge port, a side wall of the screening barrel is provided with a vibration motor, the rack is provided with a collection box for collecting large-particle solid waste, and the collection box is located in the screening discharge below the mouth;

The grinding mechanism includes a grinding barrel and a plurality of grinding rollers for grinding solid wastes, a mounting frame is detachably connected to the grinding barrel, and a plurality of the grinding rollers are vertically arranged and It is rotatably carried in the installation frame, each of the grinding rollers is provided with several sets of grinding blade assemblies for grinding solid waste along the length direction of the grinding roller, and the installation frame is provided with driving The second drive assembly rotated by several grinding rollers, the bottom of the grinding barrel is provided with a filter screen for filtering the ground solid waste, and one side of the frame is provided with an incinerator, the incinerator and the A receiving barrel is communicated between the grinding barrels, and a drying piece for drying solid waste is arranged on the receiving barrel.

By adopting the above technical solution, the solid waste is poured into the crushing barrel of the crushing mechanism through the feeding hopper, so that the top rollers can crush the solid waste for the first time. At the same time, a screening plate and a vibration motor are added in the screening barrel. The solid waste after primary crushing can be screened to screen out larger particles of solid waste. A grinding roller is arranged in the grinding barrel, and the grinding roller is driven by the second driving component to rotate, thereby Drive the grinding blade assembly to rotate, so as to carry out a more refined grinding operation on the solid waste after screening, and the particle size of the solid waste obtained from this is more uniform and refined, so that the solid waste can be fully ground. The solid waste has a good crushing effect, and the solid waste is dried through the material receiving cylinder and the drying mechanism, so as to improve the drying effect of the solid waste and make the solid waste sent to the incinerator more thoroughly incinerated. , to improve the recovery and treatment effect of solid waste.

In a preferred example of the present invention, it can be further configured that: the anti-blocking component includes an anti-blocking plate and a plurality of anti-blocking needles, the anti-blocking plate is located below the screening plate, and the anti-blocking needles are arranged on the The anti-blocking plate is close to one side surface of the sieving plate, and an inner side of the sieving bucket far from the sieving discharge port is provided with a mounting block, and the mounting block rotates and carries a horizontally arranged rotation. One end of the anti-blocking plate is fixedly connected to the rotating column, one end of the mounting block is provided with a first control member for driving the rotating column to rotate, and the anti-blocking needle is arranged on the screening The plate is close to the side surface of the screening plate. When the anti-blocking plate is rotated to be parallel to the screening plate, the position of the anti-blocking needle corresponds to the screening hole one by one, and the screening bucket An inner side away from the screening discharge port is provided with two air cylinders for driving the installation block to move upward, and the two air cylinders are located at both ends of the installation block, and the piston rod of the air cylinder is connected to the The installation blocks are connected, and the anti-blocking needles pass through the corresponding screening holes.

By adopting the above technical solution, when the screening holes need to be cleared, the first control member is used to rotate the anti-blocking plate to be parallel to the screening plate, and the installation block is connected to the installation block by adding a cylinder, so that the installation block moves up and down in the screening barrel, The anti-blocking needle is made to pass through the corresponding screening hole, so that the blocked screening hole can be dredged, so that the screening hole can be dredged without manual operation.

In a preferred example of the present invention, it may be further configured that: the screening plate is inclined upward along the length direction of the screening plate from close to the screening discharge opening.

By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined arrangement of the screening plate can speed up the discharge speed of the solid waste, so that the large-particle solid waste blocked on the screening plate can be better discharged from the screening discharge port.

In a preferred example of the present invention, the grinding blade assembly can be further configured as follows: the grinding blade assembly includes a plurality of grinding blades and a mounting frame, and the mounting frame includes a mounting ring and a limiter corresponding to the grinding blades one-to-one. Positioning protruding strips, each of the limiting protruding strips is arranged on the mounting ring and is equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring, and a plurality of the grinding blades are arranged along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the grinding roller , each of the grinding blades includes a cutter head and a cutter body, the cutter body is integrally formed on the side surface of the cutter head away from the grinding roller, and the end of the cutter body away from the cutter head is provided with a blade, so The cutter head is provided with a limit groove corresponding to the limit protruding strip, the limit protruding strip is inserted and matched with the limit groove, and the adjacent two adjacent cutter heads and the grinding roller are connected. A fixing assembly for fixing the cutter head is arranged between them.

By adopting the above technical solution, the limit protruding strip is used for inserting and matching with the limit groove, and the fixing assembly is used to fix the cutter head on the grinding roller. In this way, the grinding blade can be firmly fixed on the grinding roller, so that the grinding blade can be firmly fixed on the grinding roller. When the crushing roller rotates, the crushing blade is not easy to loosen, and at the same time, when the crushing blade is damaged, it is convenient for the staff to replace the crushed crushing blade.

In a preferred example of the present invention, it can be further configured that: the fixing assembly includes a first abutting block and a second abutting block, and the first abutting block is integrally formed on the cutter head of one of the grinding blades , the second abutting block is integrally formed on the other grinding blade, the first abutting block and the second abutting block are in contact and spliced with each other, and the first abutting block is provided with a Bolts, the side walls of the grinding roller are provided with threaded holes corresponding to fastening bolts, and the fastening bolts pass through the first abutting block and the second abutting block in sequence and are threadedly connected to the corresponding threaded holes .

By adopting the above technical solution, the first abutting block and the second abutting block are spliced together and fixed by bolts, so that the connection between the two adjacent grinding blades can be more compact and firm, and the connection between the two adjacent grinding blades can be made more compact and firmer. Not easy to loosen.

In a preferred example of the present invention, it can be further configured that: an end of the blade body away from the blade head is provided with a grinding sheet, the grinding sheet is vertically connected to one side surface of the blade body, and the grinding sheet is away from the One end of the cutter head is provided with a serrated blade.

By adopting the above technical solution, adding a grinding blade at the end of the blade away from the blade head can increase the grinding area between the blade and the solid waste when the grinding blade rotates to grind the solid waste, so that the solid waste can be ground. More fully to improve the grinding efficiency of the grinding blade.

In a preferred example of the present invention, it can be further configured that: the inner side wall of the grinding bucket is circumferentially provided with a grinding plate, and the side wall of the grinding plate facing away from the grinding bucket is provided with a plurality of spikes .

By adopting the above technical solution, the grinding plate is provided with a plurality of thorns, so that the grinding area of the grinding barrel can be increased, and the solid waste can be fully ground when it is ground again, so that the waste in the cabinet can be completely ground. Grind more evenly.

In a preferred example of the present invention, it can be further configured that: both ends of the receiving barrel are closed ends, and the receiving barrel is along the length direction of the receiving barrel from the end close to the grinding barrel It is inclined upward, and the feeding drum is rotated and carried in the feeding roller, and the feeding roller is provided with a spiral blade in the upper direction. second control.

By adopting the above technical solution, a receiving cylinder is added on the frame, a feeding roller is arranged in the receiving cylinder, and a spiral blade is arranged on the upper surface of the feeding roller, and the spiral blade has a transmission function, so that the receiving cylinder can discard the solids. The material is transferred to the incinerator, so that the material transfer can be completed without manual handling, so as to improve the automation capability of the device.

In a preferred example of the present invention, it can be further configured as follows: the drying element is a hot air blower, the hot air blower is arranged on the frame, and a side of the receiving bucket close to the grinding mechanism is provided with a There are a plurality of air outlets, each of which is communicated with the air outlet end of the hot air blower through the communication pipe.

By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the hot air blower can make the solid waste dry and dry when the solid waste is conveyed in the material receiving cylinder, so as to improve the drying effect of the solid waste and make the solid waste enter the incinerator better. incineration to improve incineration efficiency.

The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for the treatment of municipal solid waste, so as to realize the functions of secondary crushing and screening of solid waste, so that the crushing effect of solid waste is better, so as to improve the quality of solid waste. Incineration efficiency.

The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for treating municipal solid waste, comprising the following steps:

S1. Pour the solid waste from the feeding hopper into the crushing barrel, and drive the crushing roller to rotate and perform primary crushing of the solid waste;

S2. After the solid waste is crushed, it reaches the screening mechanism for screening, and drives the vibration motor arranged on the side wall of the screening barrel to vibrate the screening barrel. At this time, the small solid waste falling on the screening plate passes through After passing through the sieving hole, it enters the sieving bucket, and the large solid waste moves along the sieving plate and is discharged into the collection box through the end set at the sieving discharge port;

S3. When the small particle solid wastes screened in S2 fall into the grinding barrel through the screening outlet set at the bottom of the screening barrel, the second drive assembly is driven to work, so that the two are installed on the installation frame The grinding roller rotates and grinds small particles of solid waste;

S4. When the small-particle solid waste ground and crushed in S3 falls to the filter screen installed at the bottom of the grinding barrel for filtering, it arrives in the receiving cylinder set on the frame and communicated with the bottom of the grinding barrel, and the drive is set at the bottom of the grinding barrel. The hot air blower on the frame works, so that the air outlet on the receiving cylinder is set to emit hot air to dry the ground solid waste, and at the same time, the second control part is driven to work, so as to rotate the conveyor carried in the receiving cylinder. The feed roller rotates, and the spiral blades circumferentially arranged on the feed roller convey the solid waste to the incinerator for incineration treatment.

By adopting the above technical solution, the solid waste is initially crushed by the crushing roller in the crushing mechanism, the large-particle solid waste is sieved by the sieving plate and the vibration motor in the sieving mechanism, and then the sieve is sieved by the grinding blade. The separated solid waste is ground to make the crushing effect of the solid waste good. Finally, the spiral blade in the receiving cylinder is used to transfer the material, and the hot air blower is used to dry the solid waste to improve the incineration efficiency of the solid waste. Enhance the treatment effect of solid waste.

To sum up, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. Pour the solid waste into the crushing mechanism through the feeding hopper for primary crushing, screening by the screening mechanism, and re-grinding by the grinding mechanism, thereby improving the crushing efficiency and effect of the solid waste and making the solid waste more efficient. be fully broken;

2. Add an anti-blocking needle on the anti-blocking plate, and use the first control part and the driving cylinder to make the anti-blocking needle penetrate the screening hole to clear the screening hole and reduce the occurrence of the screening hole being blocked by large solid waste;

3. A grinding blade assembly is added on the grinding roller, and the grinding blade assembly and the grinding roller are detachably connected, so that the staff can replace the damaged grinding blade;

4. The material transfer roller is provided with a spiral blade in the upper direction, which can transfer the solid waste to the incinerator, so that the material transfer can be completed without manual handling, so as to improve the automation function of the device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the crushing mechanism in the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the enlarged view of B part in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the grinding mechanism and the receiving cylinder in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the enlarged view of C part among Fig. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the grinding blade and the grinding roller in the present invention.

In the figure, 1, frame; 101, bottom plate; 102, support rod; 2, crushing mechanism; 201, crushing barrel; 202, crushing roller; 203, crushing knife; 3, first drive assembly; 301, first transmission gear 302, the first driving wheel; 303, the first driven wheel; 304, the first drive motor; 305, the first belt; 4, the screening mechanism; 401, the screening barrel; 402, the screening plate; 5, the screening Hole; 6. Screening discharge port; 7. Collection box; 8. Discharge port; 9. Vibration motor; 10. Mounting block; 11. Anti-blocking component; 111. Anti-blocking plate; 112. Anti-blocking needle; 12 , rotating column; 13, cylinder; 14, servo motor; 15, universal wheel; 16, guide ridge; 17, guide groove; 18, grinding mechanism; 181, grinding barrel; 182, grinding roller; 19, Grinding blade assembly; 191, Grinding knife; 1911, Blade head; 1912, Blade body; 192, Mounting frame; 1921, Mounting ring; 1922, Limiting protrusion; 20, Limiting groove; 21, Fixing assembly; 211, first abutting block; 212, second abutting block; 213, fastening bolt; 22, grinding sheet; 23, positioning protruding strip; 24, sliding groove; 25, supporting plate; 261, the second transmission gear; 262, the second driving wheel; 263, the second driven wheel; 264, the second drive motor; 265, the second belt; 27, the countersunk head bolt; 28, the buckle assembly; 281, the elastic clip Buckle; 282, clamping block; 29, first connecting plate; 30, second connecting plate; 31, threaded hole; 32, bevel gear; 33, grinding plate; 34; receiving cylinder; 35, hopper; 36, filter Net; 37, material transfer roller; 38, third drive motor; 39, spiral blade; 40, hot air blower; 41, connecting pipe; 42, air outlet; 43, incinerator; 44, protection box; 45, feeding hopper 46, the hopper; 47, the discharge pipe; 48, the installation frame; 49, the guide plate; 50, the positioning frame; 51, the first rotating shaft; 52, the second rotating shaft.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a method and device for treating municipal solid waste disclosed in the present invention includes a frame 1 and a crushing mechanism 2 arranged on the frame 1 . The frame 1 is also provided with a screening mechanism 4 and a grinding mechanism 18 , while the crushing mechanism 2 is provided above the screening mechanism 4 , and the grinding mechanism 18 is provided below the screening mechanism 4 .

The frame 1 includes a bottom plate 101 with a rectangular cross-section and two support rods 102 arranged vertically and parallel to each other. In order to facilitate the movement of the device, four universal wheels 15 are installed on the bottom of the base plate 101 , and the four universal wheels 15 are evenly distributed on the four side corners of the base plate 101 .

Referring to FIG. 3 , the crushing mechanism 2 includes a crushing barrel 201 and several crushing rollers 202 arranged horizontally. The crushing barrel 201 is fixedly installed on one side surface of the two support rods 102 . A feeding hopper 45 is communicated with the top of the crushing barrel 201, and a discharging hopper 46 is communicated with the bottom of the crushing barrel 201. In this embodiment, the discharging hopper 46 is formed of a plastic soft bag. Meanwhile, the number of the crushing rollers 202 is two, and the two crushing rollers 202 are rotatably carried in the crushing barrel 201 . Both ends of the two crushing rollers 202 are welded with first rotating shafts 51 . A plurality of shredder knives 203 for shredding solid waste are fixed and installed sequentially in the longitudinal direction of the two shredder rollers 202 , and the plurality of shredder knives 203 between the two shredder rollers 202 are staggered and distributed. Further, in order to drive the two crushing rollers 202 to rotate, the side wall of the crushing barrel 201 is installed with a first driving component 3 for driving the two crushing rollers 202 to rotate. The first driving wheel 302, the first driven wheel 303, the first belt 305 and the first driving motor 304, the two first transmission gears 301 are respectively sleeved on the two first rotating shafts 51, and the first driven wheel 303 is fixed It is sleeved on the protruding end of one of the first rotating shafts 51 . The first driving motor 304 is fixedly installed on an outer side wall of the crushing bucket 201 away from the support rod 102 , and the first driving motor 304 is located on one side of the first driven wheel 303 . The first driving wheel 302 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the first driving motor 304, and the first belt 305 is connected between the first driving wheel 302 and the first driven wheel 303, thereby driving the first driving motor 304 to make the first driving The wheel 302 rotates, and under the action of the first belt 305 and the first driven wheel 303 and the action of the two first transmission gears 301 meshing with each other, the two crushing rollers 202 are rotated relative to each other, so that the solid waste is preliminarily processed. broken.

4 and 5 , the above-mentioned screening mechanism 4 includes a screening barrel 401 and a screening plate 402. The side surface of the screening barrel 401 close to the support rod 102 is provided with a screening discharge port 6, and the screening barrel 401 is close to One side wall of the support rod 102 is welded with a guide plate 49, and the guide plate 49 is located below the screening discharge port 6, and the guide plate 49 extends from one end of the screen discharge port 6 to the length direction of the guide plate 49. Tilt down setting. The sieving plate 402 is located in the sieving bucket 401 and at one end near the top. The sieving plate 402 is provided with a plurality of sieving holes 5 for the small solid waste to pass through. The screening plate 402 is inclined upward along the length direction of the screening plate 402 from the end close to the screening discharge port 6 , so as to better discharge the crushed solid waste from the screening discharge port 6 . At the same time, a vibration motor 9 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the screening bucket 401 away from the support rod 102 (in conjunction with FIG. 1 ). By driving the vibration motor 9, the sieving bucket 401 is vibrated and the sieving plate 402 is driven to vibrate, thereby sieving the crushed solid waste. In order to facilitate the collection of large-particle solid waste on the screening plate 402, the rack 1 is provided with a collection box 7 for collecting large-particle solid waste and a support plate 25 for supporting the collection box 7. The collection box 7 is located at Below the screening discharge port 6 , the support plate 25 is welded and fixed on the opposite side surfaces of the two support rods 102 horizontally, and the collection box 7 is placed on the support plate 25 .

It is worth mentioning that when the screening holes 5 on the screening plate 402 are blocked by large solid wastes, the screening bucket 401 is provided with an anti-blocking component 11 for preventing the screening holes 5 from being blocked. The anti-blocking component 11 includes: The anti-blocking plate 111 and the plurality of anti-blocking needles 112, the inner side of the screening barrel 401 away from the screening discharge port 6 is provided with a U-shaped installation block 10, and the opposite side surfaces of the installation block 10 are rotated and carried horizontally. The rotating column 12 is provided, and one end of the rotating column 12 penetrates the mounting block 10 and protrudes out of the mounting block 10 , and one end of the anti-blocking plate 111 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating column 12 . The plurality of anti-blocking needles 112 are fixedly welded on one side surface of the anti-blocking plate 111 , and the positions of the plurality of anti-blocking needles 112 correspond to the positions of the screening holes 5 one-to-one. At the same time, a first control member for controlling the rotation of the rotating column 12 is installed on the installation block 10 . The first control member is a servo motor 14 . The servo motor 14 is fixedly installed on the side of the installation block 10 away from the rotating column 12 . The output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating column 12, and a pair of bevel gears 32 meshing with each other is also arranged between the servo motor 14 and the rotating column 12, one of the bevel gears 32 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor 14, and the other bevel gear 32 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor 14, and the other bevel gear The gear 32 is fixedly arranged on the extending end of the rotating column 12 , so that the servo motor 14 is driven to make the anti-blocking plate 111 turn over. At the same time, when the anti-blocking plate 111 is turned over to be parallel to the screening plate 402, the needle tip of the anti-blocking needle 112 is facing the screening plate 402. In order to clear the blocked screening holes 5, the screening bucket 401 is kept away from the screen. Two cylinders 13 are installed on the inner side of the sub-discharge port 6, and the two cylinders 13 are respectively located at both ends of the length direction of the installation block. The distance between the two cylinders 13 allows the anti-blocking plate 111 to be turned over, and the piston rod of each cylinder 13 is fixedly welded to one end corresponding to the mounting block 10 . In order to prevent the solid waste from adhering to the cylinder 13, the servo motor 14 and the bevel gear 32, when the device is in use, the cylinder 13, the drive motor and the bevel gear 32 can be covered with a protective cover inside the screening bucket 401, so as to protect the cylinder 13, the drive motor and the bevel gear 32. Protective effects.

5 , in addition, the inner side of the screening barrel 401 away from the screening discharge port 6 is welded with a T-shaped guide ridge 16 , and the guide ridge 16 is arranged along the height direction of the screening barrel 401 . At the same time, a side surface of the mounting block 10 close to the guiding protruding strip 16 is provided with a guiding groove 17 which is arranged through and corresponding to the guiding protruding strip 16 . guiding role. When the driving cylinder 13 pushes the mounting block 10 to move upward, the anti-blocking needles 112 on the anti-blocking plate 111 penetrate through the corresponding screening holes 5 , thereby dredging the screening holes 5 . In addition, the bottom of the screening barrel 401 is provided with several screening outlets 8, and in this embodiment, there are two screening outlets 8. There is a discharge pipe 47 connected to the screening discharge port 8. The discharge pipe 47 is a telescopic hose. The end of the discharge pipe 47 away from the screening barrel 401 and the end of the feed hopper 45 away from the crushing barrel 201 are fixedly installed with positioning Frame 50, the positioning frame 50 installed on the discharge hopper 46 interferes with the top of the screening bucket 401 and can be fixed by bolts, so that the discharge hopper 46 is communicated with the screening bucket 401, and the positioning frame 50 installed on the discharge pipe 47 interferes The top of the grinding barrel 181 and the top of the grinding barrel 181 can also be fixed by bolts, so that the discharge pipe 47 is communicated with the grinding barrel 181 .

6 and 7 , the grinding mechanism 18 includes a grinding barrel 181 and a plurality of grinding rollers 182. The grinding barrel 181 is provided with a vertically arranged installation frame 48, and the plurality of grinding rollers 182 are vertically arranged And the rotation is carried in the installation frame 48. In this embodiment, the number of grinding rollers 182 is two, the distance between the two grinding rollers 182 is smaller than the distance between the two crushing rollers 202, and the two Both ends of the grinding roller 182 are welded with the second rotating shaft 52 , and the second rotating shaft 52 close to the screening mechanism 4 penetrates through the mounting frame 48 and protrudes out of the mounting frame 48 to approach. The length direction of each grinding roller 182 is provided with several groups of grinding blade assemblies 19 for grinding and sieving the solid waste. The sets of grinding blade assemblies 19 between the grinding rollers 182 are spaced staggered. At the same time, one end of the installation frame 48 close to the screening mechanism 4 is installed with the second drive assembly 26 for driving the grinding roller 182 to rotate. The second drive assembly 26 includes two mutually meshing second transmission gears 261 and second driving wheels 262 , the second driven pulley 263 , the second belt 265 and the second drive motor 264 . The two second transmission gears 261 are respectively fixedly sleeved on the extending end of the second rotating shaft 52 , the second driven wheel 263 is fixedly sleeved on the extending end of one of the second rotating shafts 52 , and the second driving motor 264 is installed On one side of the second driven wheel 263, the second driving wheel 262 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the second driving motor 264, and the second belt 265 is connected between the second driving wheel 262 and the second driven wheel 263, thereby The two grinding rollers 182 can be driven to rotate relative to each other to achieve the effect of grinding. In addition, one end of the mounting frame 48 close to the screening bucket 401 is covered with a protection box 44 (in conjunction with FIG. 1 ) for protecting the second driving assembly 26 .

1 and 6, in order to facilitate the replacement of the grinding blade 191, the two opposite inner sides of the grinding barrel 181 are welded with positioning protruding strips 23, and the two positioning protruding strips 23 are arranged along the height direction of the grinding barrel 181. Sliding grooves 24 are formed on the opposite side surfaces of the protruding strips 23 from a surface close to the screening barrel 401 along the length direction of the positioning protruding strips 23. The two outer side walls of the grinding barrel 181 are provided with several countersunk head bolts 27. In this embodiment, the number of the countersunk head bolts 27 is three, and the three countersunk head bolts 27 are arranged along the height direction of the installation frame 48. The bolts 27 penetrate through the side wall of the grinding bucket 181 and are screwed to the mounting frame 48 . In addition, a grinding plate 33 is circumferentially installed on the inner side wall of the grinding bucket 181 , and the grinding plate 33 is circumferentially provided with a frosted surface away from the side wall of the grinding bucket 181 . Under the combined action of the abrasive surface and the grinding blade 191, the solid waste after sieving can be sufficiently ground.

2 and 6 , at the same time, a first connecting plate 29 is welded on the side surface of the screening bucket 401 close to the support rod 102 , and a second connecting plate 30 is welded between the two support rods 102 . One side is hinged with one side of the first connecting plate 29 . A buckle assembly 28 for fixing the first connection plate 29 and the second connection plate 30 is provided between the ends of the first connection plate 29 and the second connection plate 30 away from the hinge point. The buckle assembly 28 includes an elastic buckle 281 and Block 282. The elastic buckle 281 is arranged in a U shape and is welded to the end of the first connecting plate 29 away from the hinge point. The locking block 282 is rotatably supported on the end of the second connecting plate 30 away from the hinge point. The flipping locking block 282 is engaged with the elastic buckle 281 Therefore, the opposite side surfaces of the first connecting plate 29 and the second connecting plate 30 collide. At this time, the sieving bucket 401 is located directly above the grinding bucket 181 . When the grinding blade 191 needs to be replaced, the elastic buckle 281 is disengaged from the blocking block 282, and the screening barrel 401 is rotated so that there is enough space above the grinding barrel 181 for the mounting frame 48 to be taken out, the countersunk head bolt 27 is removed, and the mounting frame 48 can be taken out to replace the grinding blade 191.

Referring to FIG. 8 , each grinding blade assembly 19 includes a plurality of grinding blades 191 and a mounting frame 192 . The mounting frame 192 includes a mounting ring 1921 and limiting protruding strips 1922 corresponding to the plurality of grinding blades 191 one-to-one. The mounting ring 1921 is fixedly sleeved on the grinding roller 182 , and each limiting protruding strip 1922 is along the circumference of the mounting ring 1921 The directions are equidistant, and each limiting protruding strip 1922 is vertically arranged on the mounting ring 1921 , and one end of each limiting protruding strip 1922 is integrally formed with the mounting ring 1921 . In this embodiment, the number of grinding blades 191 is four, and each of the four grinding blades 191 includes a blade body 1912 arranged in an arc shape and a blade head 1911 arranged in an arc shape. The blade head 1911 is integrally formed on the blade body 1912 away from One side surface of the crushing roller 202 and one side surface of the cutter head 1911 are provided with limiting grooves 20 corresponding to the limiting protruding strips 1922 one-to-one. At the same time, the opposite side surfaces between the two adjacent grinding blades 191 are respectively provided with a first abutting block 211 and a second abutting block 212 arranged in an arc shape, and the first abutting block 211 is integrally formed in one grinding blade On the cutter head 1911 of the crushing blade 191 , the second abutting block 212 is integrally formed on the cutter head 1911 of the other crushing blade 191 . When the limiting grooves 20 on the two adjacent cutter heads 1911 are inserted and matched, the opposite side surfaces of the first abutting block 211 and the second abutting block 212 are in contact and spliced, and the first abutting block 211 is located in the second abutting block 211. The abutment block 212 is away from one side surface of the grinding roller 182 . In addition, fastening bolts 213 are provided between the two adjacent first abutting blocks 211 and the second abutting blocks 212 , and the side wall of the grinding roller 182 is provided with threaded holes 31 corresponding to the fastening bolts 213 . The bolts 213 pass through the first abutting block 211 and the second abutting block 212 in sequence and are threadedly connected to the threaded holes 31 , so that the grinding blade 191 is fixed on the grinding roller 182 . The side of the blade body 1912 away from the blade head 1911 is provided with a blade, and one end of the blade body 1912 away from the blade head 1911 is integrally formed with an abrasive sheet 3222. Serrated blade, which can improve grinding efficiency.

2 and 6, the solid waste has been crushed, screened and ground. Below, and one end of the receiving barrel 34 communicates with the bottom of the grinding barrel 181 through the transfer hopper 35 . A filter screen 36 is also fixedly installed at the connection between the hopper 35 and the bottom of the grinding barrel 181 , and the mesh hole on the filter screen 36 is smaller than the screening hole 5 to play the role of re-screening. Both ends of the receiving barrel 34 are closed ends, and the receiving barrel 34 is inclined upward along the length direction of the receiving barrel 34 from the end close to the grinding barrel 181, and the receiving barrel 34 rotates and carries a feeding roller 37, The transfer roller 37 is provided with a helical blade 39 in the upper direction. The closed end of the receiving cylinder 34 is provided with a second control member for controlling the rotation of the transfer roller 37 , the second control member is a third driving motor 38 , and the output shaft of the third driving motor 38 runs through the receiving cylinder 34 and is close to the support rod 102 A closed end of the feed roller 37 is fixedly connected. In addition, the incinerator 43 is connected to the side of the receiving cylinder 34 away from the support rod 102. When the third driving motor 38 is driven, the solid waste is transferred to the incinerator 43 for incineration under the driving action of the helical blade 39. In order to improve the effect of separating and drying the solid waste, a drying element for drying the solid waste is installed on the bottom plate 101, and the drying element is a hot air blower 40, and the hot air blower 40 is installed on the bottom plate 102 of the rack 1, and is located in the research center. one side of the crushing mechanism 18. A plurality of air outlets 42 are opened on the side of the receiving cylinder 34 close to the grinding mechanism 18, and a communication pipe 41 is communicated between the air outlet 42 and the air outlet end of the hot air blower 40, and the communication pipe 41 is a hose to improve solid waste The drying effect of the solid waste is convenient for the incineration of solid waste.

A method for treating municipal solid waste, the specific steps of which are as follows:

S1. Pour the solid waste from the feeding hopper 45 into the crushing barrel 201, and drive the first driving motor 304 installed on the crushing barrel 201 to work, the first driving motor 304 rotates the first driving wheel 302, and The first driven wheel 303 is rotated by the first belt 305, so that the two mutually meshing first transmission gears 301 rotate, thereby driving the two crushing rollers 202 to rotate and crush the solid waste;

S2. After the solid waste is crushed, it reaches the screening mechanism 4 for screening, and drives the vibration motor 9 arranged on the side wall of the screening barrel 401 to vibrate the screening barrel 401. The granular solid waste enters the screening bucket 401 through the screening hole 5, and the large solid waste moves along the screening plate 402 and is discharged into the collection box 7 through the end set at the screening discharge port 6;

S3. When the small particle solid waste screened in S2 falls into the grinding barrel 181 through the screening outlet 8 arranged at the bottom of the screening barrel 401, the third drive motor arranged on the grinding barrel 181 is driven to drive 38 works, so that the two grinding rollers 182 installed on the installation frame 48 are rotated and the small particle solid waste is crushed again;

S4. When the small-particle solid wastes crushed again in S3 fall to the filter screen 36 installed at the bottom of the grinding barrel 181 for filtering, they reach the receiving barrel that is arranged on the rack 1 and communicated with the bottom of the grinding barrel 181 In 34, the hot air blower 40 arranged on the crushing mechanism 18 is driven to work, so that the air outlet 42 arranged on the receiving cylinder 34 emits hot air to dry the crushed solid waste, and at the same time, the fourth driving motor is driven to make the The conveying roller 37 in the rotating bearing and receiving drum 34 rotates, and the helical blades 39 circumferentially arranged on the conveying roller 37 convey the re-crushed small solid waste to the incinerator 43 for incineration.

The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by arranging a crushing mechanism 2, a screening mechanism 4 and a grinding mechanism 18 on the rack 1, the solid waste crushing mechanism 2 is initially crushed, and the screening mechanism 4 screens out large-particle solid waste. And after the crushing mechanism 18 is crushed, it is transmitted to the incinerator 43 for incineration treatment through the spiral blade 39 in the receiving cylinder 34, so that the solid waste is fully crushed, and the size of the crushed solid waste is more uniform and smaller. Small, in order to improve the recovery and treatment effect of solid waste.

Among them, the anti-blocking component 11 is added to the screening mechanism 4, which can clear the blocked screening holes 5 on the screening plate 402 in time and avoid the blocking of the screening holes 5. A grinding knife is added to the grinding mechanism 18. The 191-piece assembly 19 can further fully shred the solid waste after screening, so that the solid waste can be evenly shredded.

The embodiments of this specific embodiment are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered in within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an urban solid waste processing device, includes frame (1) and sets up crushing mechanism (2) on frame (1), crushing mechanism (2) are used for the solid waste breakage, its characterized in that: the screening mechanism (4) and the grinding mechanism (18) are arranged on the rack (1), the crushing mechanism (2) is arranged above the screening mechanism (4), a feed hopper (45) is communicated between the crushing mechanism (2) and the screening mechanism (4), and the grinding mechanism (18) is arranged below the screening mechanism (4);

the crushing mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of crushing rollers (202) for crushing solid waste and a crushing barrel (201), the plurality of crushing rollers (202) are rotatably borne in the crushing barrel (201), a first driving assembly (3) for driving the plurality of crushing rollers (202) to rotate is arranged on the crushing barrel (201), the top of the crushing barrel (201) is communicated with a feed hopper (45), and the bottom of the crushing barrel (201) is communicated with a discharge hopper (46);

the screening mechanism (4) comprises a screening barrel (401) and a screening plate (402), the screening plate (402) is arranged in the screening barrel (401), one side of the screening barrel (401) is provided with a screening discharge hole (6), the screening plate (402) is provided with a plurality of screening holes (5) for small-particle solid waste to pass through, an anti-blocking component (11) for dredging the screening holes (5) is arranged in the screening barrel (401), the bottom of the screening barrel (401) is provided with a plurality of screening discharge holes (8), one side wall of the screening barrel (401) is provided with a vibrating motor (9), a collecting box (7) for collecting large-particle solid waste is arranged on the rack (1), and the collecting box (7) is positioned below the screening discharge hole (6);

the grinding mechanism (18) comprises a grinding barrel (181) and a plurality of grinding rollers (182) for grinding solid waste, a mounting frame (48) is detachably connected in the grinding barrel (181), the grinding rollers (182) are vertically arranged and rotatably supported in the mounting frame (48), a plurality of groups of grinding blade (191) sheet assemblies (19) for grinding solid waste are arranged along the length direction of the grinding rollers (182), a second driving assembly (26) for driving the grinding rollers (182) to rotate is arranged on the mounting frame (48), a filter screen (36) for filtering the ground solid waste is arranged at the bottom of the grinding barrel (181), an incinerator (43) is arranged on one side of the rack (1), and a material receiving barrel (34) is communicated between the incinerator (43) and the grinding barrel (181), and a drying piece for drying the solid waste is arranged on the material collecting barrel (34).

2. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: prevent stifled subassembly (11) including preventing stifled board (111) and many and prevent stifled needle (112), prevent stifled board (111) and be located the below of screening board (402), prevent stifled needle (112) set up in prevent stifled board (111) and be close to a side surface of screening board (402), one inboard that screening bin (6) were kept away from to screening bucket (401) is provided with installation piece (10), it bears rotation post (12) that is the level setting to rotate on installation piece (10), the one end fixed connection of preventing stifled board (111) is in on rotation post (12), the one end of installation piece (10) is provided with and is used for driving rotation post (12) pivoted first control, prevent stifled needle (112) set up in screening board (402) are close to a side surface of screening board (402), work as prevent stifled board (111) rotate to with screening board (402) are parallel, prevent stifled needle (112) the position with screening hole (5) one-to-one, screening bucket (401) are kept away from an inboard of screening bin outlet (6) is provided with two and is used for the drive install cylinder (13) of piece (10) rebound, and two cylinder (13) are located the both ends of installation piece (10), the piston rod of cylinder (13) with installation piece (10) are connected, prevent stifled needle (112) and pass the correspondence screening hole (5).

3. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the screening plate (402) is arranged in an upward inclined mode from the position close to the screening discharge opening (6) along the length direction of the screening plate (402).

4. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the grinding blade assembly (19) comprises a plurality of grinding blades (191) and a mounting frame (192), the mounting frame (192) comprises a mounting ring (1921) and limiting convex strips (1922) corresponding to the plurality of grinding blades (191) one by one, each limiting convex strip (1922) is arranged on the mounting ring (1921) and is equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring (1921), the plurality of grinding blades (191) are circumferentially arranged along the side wall of the grinding roller (182), each grinding blade (191) comprises a blade head (1911) and a blade body (1912), the blade body (1912) is integrally formed on one side surface of the blade head (1911) far away from the grinding roller (182), one end of the blade body (1912) far away from the blade head (1911) is provided with a blade edge, and the blade head (1911) is provided with a limiting groove (20) corresponding to the limiting convex strips (1922), the limiting convex strips (1922) are matched with the limiting grooves (20) in an inserted mode, and fixing assemblies (21) used for fixing the cutter heads (1911) are arranged between every two adjacent cutter heads (1911) and the grinding roller (182).

5. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the fixing assembly (21) comprises a first abutting block (211) and a second abutting block (212), the first abutting block (211) is integrally formed on a tool bit (1911) of one grinding blade (191), the second abutting block (212) is integrally formed on the other grinding blade (191), the first abutting block (211) and the second abutting block (212) are abutted to each other and spliced, a fastening bolt (213) is arranged on the first abutting block (211), a threaded hole (31) corresponding to a fastening bolt (213) is formed in the side wall of the grinding roller (182), and the fastening bolt (213) sequentially penetrates through the first abutting block (211) and the second abutting block (212) and is in threaded connection with the corresponding threaded hole (31).

6. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: one end of the cutter body (1912) far away from the cutter head (1911) is provided with a grinding sheet (22), the grinding sheet (22) is vertically connected to one side surface of the cutter body (1912), and one end of the grinding sheet (22) far away from the cutter head (1911) is provided with a saw-toothed cutting edge.

7. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inside wall circumference of grinding bucket (181) is provided with abrasive sheet (33), abrasive sheet (33) deviate from the lateral wall of grinding bucket (181) is provided with a plurality of spine portions.

8. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: both ends of receiving feed cylinder (34) are the blind end, just receive feed cylinder (34) from being close to the one end of grinding barrel (181) is followed the length direction tilt up setting of receiving feed cylinder (34), it carries material conveying roller (37) to receive the rotation of feed cylinder (34), circumference is provided with helical blade (39) on material conveying roller (37), a blind end of receiving feed cylinder (34) is provided with and is used for controlling material conveying roller (37) pivoted second control.

9. The municipal solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the drying part is an air heater (40), the air heater (40) is arranged on the rack (1), one side of the collecting barrel, which is close to the grinding mechanism (18), is provided with a plurality of air outlets (42), and each air outlet (42) is communicated with the air outlet end of the air heater (40) through a communicating pipe (41).

10. The municipal solid waste treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, pouring the solid waste into the crushing barrel (201) from the feed hopper (45), driving the crushing roller (202) to rotate and crushing the solid waste for the first time;

s2, crushing the solid waste, screening the solid waste in a screening mechanism (4), driving a vibration motor (9) arranged on the side wall of a screening barrel (401) to vibrate the screening barrel (401), enabling the small-particle solid waste falling onto a screening plate (402) to pass through a screening hole (5) and enter the screening barrel (401), and enabling the large-particle solid waste to move along the screening plate (402) and to be discharged into a collecting box (7) through one end of a screening discharge port (6);

s3, when the small-particle solid waste sieved in the S2 falls into the grinding barrel (181) through the sieving discharge hole (8) arranged at the bottom of the sieving barrel (401), the second driving assembly (26) is driven to work, so that the two grinding rollers (182) arranged on the mounting frame (48) rotate and grind the small-particle solid waste;

s4, when the small-particle solid waste crushed in the S3 falls to a filter screen (36) arranged at the bottom of a grinding barrel (181) for filtering, and then reaches a material receiving barrel (34) which is arranged on a frame (1) and is communicated with the bottom of the grinding barrel (181), a hot air blower (40) arranged on the frame (1) is driven to work, an air outlet (42) arranged on the material receiving barrel (34) is used for discharging hot air, the ground solid waste is dried, meanwhile, a second control element is driven to work, a material conveying roller (37) rotatably carried in the material receiving barrel (34) is driven to rotate, and a helical blade (39) circumferentially arranged on the material conveying roller (37) conveys the solid waste to an incinerator (43) for incineration treatment.

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