CN111602568A - Method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions - Google Patents
Method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting astragalus membranaceus in a high and cold area, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting methods. The invention provides a method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions, which aims to solve the problems of low turning-green rate in autumn sowing and slow growth of new seedlings in the existing technology for artificially planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions. The method strictly controls the excavation, treatment and transplanting time of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, ensures the quality and nutrient components of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, improves the green turning rate of the astragalus membranaceus in next spring, realizes high green turning rate of the astragalus membranaceus, ensures the survival rate and growth speed of seedlings, and improves the yield and quality of the astragalus membranaceus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting methods, and particularly relates to a method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions.
Background
Radix astragali is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus bge or Astragalus membranaceus bge of Leguminosae, and is one of the commonly used Chinese medicinal materials. The astragalus is a deep root plant and is suitable for growing in sandy soil with deep soil layer, rich soil, looseness and good drainage; pleased with cool climate, strong drought resistance; cold resistance, heat resistance and waterlogging resistance; the growth is inhibited when the temperature is too high; root rot is often caused by over-wetting of the soil; the seed coat is hard, the germination is not favored at high temperature, when the local temperature is 7-8 ℃, the soil keeps certain humidity, the seedlings can emerge in 1-2 weeks generally, and the germination is proper at 14-15 ℃.
In recent years, wild resources in alpine regions are seriously damaged, and the needs of the market can be met only by artificially planting astragalus membranaceus. The overground part of the astragalus is not cold-resistant, most leaves fall off in the frost season, the overground part is withered in winter, and new seedlings are newly sent out from the perennial roots in the next spring, namely the astragalus turns green. However, the problems of low green turning rate and slow growth of new seedlings in autumn sowing exist in the conventional artificial astragalus planting in alpine regions, and researches and developments of an astragalus planting method with high yield and good quality are imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions, which aims to solve the problems of low autumn sowing green turning rate and slow growth of new seedlings in the existing technology for artificially planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions comprises the following steps:
step one, land finishing: selecting sandy loam with loose soil; deeply loosening soil, namely using a compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer for the deeply plowed soil in the deeply plowing process, and then ditching by a machine;
step two, seedling excavation: digging out the whole annual astragalus membranaceus plant by adopting a manual digging method when the surface temperature of the autumn surface is minus 4 +/-1 ℃ for at least 3 consecutive days, and selecting healthy and strong astragalus membranaceus seedlings with complete main root roots, germinated root buds, smooth epidermis, uniform thickness, few lateral roots and no pathological changes for later use;
step three, processing the overground part of the seedling: cutting off the overground part of the astragalus membranaceus seedling at a position 3-4 cm away from the bud point of the root of the astragalus membranaceus;
step four, underground part treatment of the seedlings: soaking the astragalus membranaceus from which the overground part is removed in the diluted carbendazim and trichoderma biopesticide compound solution for root sterilization, and then scattering a proper amount of lime powder to be placed in a shade place for later use;
step five, transplanting: transplanting the annual astragalus membranaceus seedlings soaked in the step four in a ridge groove in a crutch seedling mode, obliquely placing the astragalus membranaceus seedlings in the groove dug in the step one at a certain angle, covering fine soil on astragalus membranaceus roots, flattening the astragalus membranaceus roots, and then compacting the astragalus membranaceus roots once by using a compactor;
step six, green turning, fertilizing and field management: in spring next year, after the astragalus turns green, spraying a humic acid foliar fertilizer when the seedlings are 10-12 cm high and in a rapid growth period; carrying out intertillage and weeding for many times; and (4) carrying out field irrigation in a drought period and carrying out drainage in a rainy season.
Further, in the first step, the organic matter content of the sandy loam is 1-3%, and the pH value of the soil is 7-8.5.
Further, the ridge distance of the ditching in the first step is 60-80 cm, the ditching depth on ridges is 8-10 cm, and the thickness of the covering soil is not less than 7 cm.
Further, the compound fertilizer in the step one is composed of a trace element core layer, a compound microbial inoculum intermediate layer and a quick-acting fertilizerLayer composition; the mass ratio of the trace element core layer to the composite microbial inoculum intermediate layer to the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer is 1-2: 3-5: 2-4; the fertilizing amount of the compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer is 60-90 g/m2。
Further, the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a trace element core layer:
screening attapulgite by using a 120-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder for later use, dissolving a trace element raw material and citric acid in water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding the attapulgite powder into the mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain a trace element feed liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the trace element raw material to the citric acid to the attapulgite powder is 1-3: 20-25, drying the trace element feed liquid to reduce the water content of the trace element feed liquid to 20-30%, and granulating the obtained trace element feed liquid to obtain trace element core layer particles;
step 2, preparing the compound microbial inoculum:
drying and crushing the residual traditional Chinese medicine residues after extracting the effective components, sieving the dried and crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues with a 80-mesh sieve, adding the crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 1.0-2.0% according to the weight ratio of 1:10, uniformly mixing, treating at 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain crude fibers of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, washing the obtained crude fibers to be neutral, collecting the crude fibers, drying and grinding to obtain crude fiber powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes for later use;
respectively fermenting and culturing bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma viride, adding coarse fiber powder into the obtained strain fermentation liquor according to the volume mass ratio of 1mL to 5-10 g, uniformly stirring to obtain each strain microbial inoculum, mixing the obtained strain microbial inocula in equal proportion, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a composite microbial inoculum, naturally drying the obtained composite microbial inoculum, crushing and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve for later use;
step 3, coating the intermediate layer of the composite microbial inoculum:
putting the trace element core layer particles prepared in the first step into a granulator, adding the composite microbial inoculum powder prepared in the second step when the granulator rotates, wherein the mass ratio of the trace element core layer particles to the composite microbial inoculum powder is 1-2: 3-5, uniformly scattering the composite microbial inoculum powder on the surfaces of the trace element core layer particles, adding water in a spray manner to adhere the composite microbial inoculum powder on the surfaces of the trace element core layer particles to form a composite microbial inoculum middle layer, and drying the double-layer material particles uniformly coated with the composite microbial inoculum by cold air for later use, wherein the temperature of the cold air drying is not higher than 80 ℃;
step 4, coating the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium quick-acting fertilizer outer layer:
preparing urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate, N, P contained in urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate2O5And K2Preparing 65-75% solution of urea according to the mass concentration of 5:7:10, heating to 80 ℃, mixing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate and zeolite powder, and (2) mixing bentonite, wherein the addition amount of zeolite powder and the bentonite is 10% of the mass of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the potassium sulfate, crushing and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain quick-acting fertilizer powder, adding the double-layer material particles coated with the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step three and the quick-acting fertilizer powder into a granulator, wherein the mass ratio of the double-layer material particles to the quick-acting fertilizer powder is 3-5: 2-4, uniformly scattering the quick-acting fertilizer powder on the surfaces of the double-layer material particles, spraying urea solution to enable the quick-acting fertilizer powder to be adhered on the surfaces of the double-layer material particles to form a quick-acting fertilizer outer layer, drying the three-layer material particles uniformly coated with the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer by cold air, and drying the cold air at a temperature not higher than.
Further, the total number of effective viable bacteria of strains in the mixed microbial inoculum prepared in the step 2 is 1-2 × 109cfu/g。
Further, the carbendazim is a commercial product with the effective component not less than 80 percent, the trichoderma biopesticide is a commercial product with the effective viable count not less than 2 × 109cfu/g。
Further, in the fifth step, the inclination angle of the astragalus seedlings is 0-30 degrees, the astragalus seedlings are placed in double rows, and the bud point spacing distance is 10-12 cm.
And fifthly, covering the radix astragali with fine crushed soil to a thickness of 5-7 cm.
Further, the application amount of the humic acid foliar fertilizer in the sixth step is 100-120 mL per mu.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the astragalus planting method in the alpine region strictly controls the digging, processing and transplanting time of the astragalus seedlings, ensures the quality and nutrient components of the astragalus seedlings and improves the green turning rate of the astragalus in next spring.
When the soil is turned over, the compound fertilizer with a three-layer structure is used as a base fertilizer, wherein the outer quick-acting fertilizer provides nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients required by the green turning of the astragalus membranaceus in next spring, so that the green turning rate of the astragalus membranaceus is improved; the microorganisms in the middle layer of the composite microbial inoculum propagate in great quantities in next spring, so that the soil structure can be improved, the soil is loosened, the root system of the astragalus in the growth period can be favorably pricked and expanded, meanwhile, when the quick-acting fertilizer is completely consumed, the microbial thallus can also provide nutrient substances such as required organic nitrogen sources and the like for the astragalus in the growth period, and metabolites secreted by the microorganisms can also improve the disease resistance of the astragalus and reduce the using amount of pesticides; the microelement core layer provides slow-release microelements for the stage of radix astragali maturation stage enrichment nutrition, so that radix astragali can be naturally absorbed in the growth process, and enrichment and transformation can improve microelement content in radix astragali, thereby further improving nutritive value and medicinal value of radix astragali. Meanwhile, the humic acid foliar fertilizer sprayed after the radix astragali turns green also provides rich nutrition for the rapid growth of the radix astragali seedlings, and ensures the survival rate and the growth speed of the seedlings.
The method overcomes the limitation of cold climate in the field, solves the technical problems of green turning and seedling protection of astragalus membranaceus transplanting in alpine regions, provides a scientific planting technology and management method, and has important practical significance for efficient production of astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions, which comprises the following steps:
step one, land finishing: selecting sandy loam with loose soil; sandy soilThe organic matter content of the soil is 1-3%, and the pH value of the soil is 7-8.5; deeply loosening soil, wherein a compound fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for the deeply plowed soil in the deeply plowing process, and the compound fertilizer consists of a trace element core layer, a compound microbial inoculum intermediate layer and a quick-acting fertilizer outer layer; the mass ratio of the trace element core layer to the composite microbial inoculum intermediate layer to the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer is 1-2: 3-5: 2-4; the fertilizing amount of the compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer is 60-90 g/m2Then, carrying out machine ditching, wherein the ditching ridge distance is 65cm, and the ditching depth on the ridge is 8-10 cm;
step two, seedling excavation: in the last 10 th day of autumn, when the temperature on the surface of the radix astragali is minus 4 +/-1 ℃ for at least 3 continuous days at night, digging out the whole annual radix astragali by adopting a manual digging method, and selecting radix astragali seedlings which have complete roots, sprout roots, smooth skins, uniform thickness, few lateral roots, no pathological changes and robustness for later use;
if the ground surface temperature is too high during digging of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, part of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings are rotted or germinate in soil to influence the accumulation of overwintering nutrient components, and if the ground surface temperature is too low during digging, the astragalus membranaceus is turned green in the next year, so that the green turning rate is reduced.
Step three, processing the overground part of the seedling: cutting off the overground part of the astragalus membranaceus seedling by using a branch shear or a chopper at a position 3-4 cm away from the bud point of the root of the astragalus membranaceus, so that the root and the bud point of the astragalus membranaceus can be buried in soil, if dead branches of the overground part are not sheared, root rot is easy to occur in the soil, and the overwintering quality of the astragalus membranaceus seedling is influenced.
Step four, treating the underground part of the seedling, namely soaking the astragalus membranaceus, the overground part of which is removed in the step three, in 500-time diluted carbendazim and trichoderma biopesticide compound solution for root sterilization treatment, wherein the carbendazim used in the embodiment is purchased from Jiangsu san shan pesticide Co., Ltd, the content of active ingredients is 50%, the trichoderma biopesticide is purchased from Guizhou Yitrillion biotechnologies Co., Ltd, and the number of active viable bacteria of the product is not less than 2 × 109cfu/g. The compounding volume ratio of the carbendazim to the trichoderma biopesticide is 1: 1.
Taking out radix astragali seedlings soaked in the carbendazim and trichoderma compound solution for 30min, scattering a proper amount of lime powder, wherein the lime powder is different according to the thickness and length of radix astragali roots, a small amount of lime powder is preferably adhered to the surface layer of radix astragali, and then placing the radix astragali seedlings in a shade place for later use;
in the embodiment, the astragalus seedlings are soaked in the carbendazim and trichoderma compounded solution to achieve the root sterilization effect, and then a proper amount of lime powder is scattered to achieve the synergistic effect, so that the root rot is basically avoided in the next growth process of the astragalus.
Step five, transplanting: transplanting the annual astragalus membranaceus seedlings soaked in the step four in a ridge ditch in a crutch seedling mode, placing the astragalus membranaceus seedlings in a double row manner in the dug ditch at an angle of 0-30 degrees in an inclined mode, enabling bud points to be 10-12 cm apart, covering and flattening the astragalus membranaceus roots with fine soil with the thickness of 5-7 cm, and then pressing the astragalus membranaceus roots once by using a roller;
the astragalus seedlings are obliquely planted at a certain angle, so that the roots and the stems can fully absorb nutrients of surface soil, and the growth, development and digging of the astragalus roots and the stems are facilitated.
Step six, green turning, fertilizing and field management: in spring next year, after the astragalus turns green, spraying a humic acid foliar fertilizer when the seedlings are 10-12 cm high and in a rapid growth period; carrying out intertillage and weeding for many times; performing field irrigation in a drought period, performing drainage in a rainy season, and performing astragalus membranaceus harvesting before frost in an autumn.
The humic acid foliar fertilizer used in the embodiment is a liquid fertilizer provided according to the patent number (ZL.200710072732.1), and the fertilizing amount is 100mL per mu when the height of the radix astragali seedling is 10-12 cm; the fertilizing amount in the rapid growth period is 120mL per mu.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer used in embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a trace element core layer:
sieving attapulgite with a 120-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder for later use, dissolving boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate, copper sulfate, cobalt chloride and citric acid in water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding the attapulgite powder into the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a trace element feed liquid, wherein the trace element feed liquid contains 6.2mg/L of boric acid, 22.3mg/L of manganese sulfate, 8.6mg/L of zinc sulfate, 0.25mg/L of sodium molybdate, 0.025mg/L of copper sulfate and 0.025mg/L of cobalt chloride; the mass ratio of each trace element raw material to citric acid to attapulgite powder is 1:1:20, the trace element feed liquid is dried to reduce the water content to 20-30%, and the obtained trace element material is granulated to obtain trace element core layer particles, wherein the particle size of the trace element core layer particles is 0.5-1 mm;
step two, preparing the compound microbial inoculum:
drying and crushing the residual traditional Chinese medicine residues after extracting effective components in a pharmaceutical factory, sieving the dried and crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues with a 80-mesh sieve, adding the crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 1.0% according to the weight ratio of 1:10, uniformly mixing, placing the mixture at the temperature of 121 ℃ for high-temperature high-pressure treatment for 20min to obtain crude fibers of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, washing the obtained crude fibers to be neutral, collecting the crude fibers, drying and grinding the crude fibers to obtain crude fiber powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes for later use;
respectively inoculating activated bacillus subtilis-CICC 6060 with the inoculation amount of 2% and lactobacillus-CICC 21007 with the inoculation amount of 1% into a sterile LB liquid culture medium; fermenting at 27 ℃ and 150rpm for 24 h;
respectively inoculating activated trichoderma viride-CGMCC 33744 into a sterile YEPD liquid culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount is 2%; culturing at 30 deg.C and 200rpm for 3 days;
adding coarse fiber powder into the obtained strain fermentation liquor according to the volume-to-mass ratio of 1mL to 5g, uniformly stirring to obtain each strain microbial inoculum, mixing the obtained strain microbial inocula in equal proportion, fully stirring to obtain a composite microbial inoculum, naturally drying the obtained composite microbial inoculum, crushing, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve for later use, wherein the total number of effective viable bacteria of the strains in the mixed microbial inoculum is 1-2 × 109Per gram;
step three, coating the intermediate layer of the composite microbial inoculum:
putting the trace element core layer particles prepared in the step one into a granulator, adding the composite microbial inoculum powder prepared in the step two when the granulator rotates, wherein the mass ratio of the trace element core layer particles to the composite microbial inoculum powder is 1:3, uniformly scattering the composite microbial inoculum powder on the surfaces of the trace element core layer particles, adding water in a spray manner to adhere the composite microbial inoculum powder on the surfaces of the trace element core layer particles to form a composite microbial inoculum intermediate layer, and drying the double-layer material particles uniformly coated with the composite microbial inoculum at 60 ℃ to obtain the double-layer material particles with the particle size of 2.5-3 mm;
coating a nitrogen phosphorus potassium quick-acting fertilizer outer layer:
preparing urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate, N, P contained in urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate2O5And K2And (2) preparing urea into a 65% solution by mass, heating to 80 ℃, mixing the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, the potassium sulfate, the zeolite powder and the bentonite, wherein the addition amount of the zeolite powder and the bentonite is 10% of the mass of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the potassium sulfate, crushing, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain quick-acting fertilizer powder, adding the double-layer material particles coated with the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step (three) and the quick-acting fertilizer powder into a granulator, wherein the mass ratio of the double-layer material particles to the quick-acting fertilizer powder is 3:2, uniformly scattering the quick-acting fertilizer powder on the surfaces of the double-layer material particles, spraying the urea solution to enable the quick-acting fertilizer powder to be adhered to the surfaces of the double-layer material particles to form a quick-acting fertilizer outer layer, drying the three-layer material particles uniformly coated with the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer at 60 ℃ to obtain the granular astragalus efficient cultivation compound fertilizer with the three-layer structure, and the.
P in calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer used by the invention2O5Content of (A) is 14%, K in potassium sulfate2The O content was 50%.
The composite microbial inoculum is used as the middle layer, so that the inhibition effect of high-concentration nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and trace elements on the microbial inoculum can be avoided, and the activity and the excellent quality of the microbial inoculum are ensured. The microelement core layer is used as the last released element, so that the inhibition effect of high-concentration microelements on astragalus roots and leaves in the initial growth stage can be avoided, the influence on the types and the quantity of microorganisms in soil can be avoided, when the astragalus roots reach a certain biomass, the microorganisms in the soil are released when developing into dominant bacteria, and the absorption and the enrichment of the microelements can be better promoted.
Example 3
According to the method for planting astragalus membranaceus in the alpine region provided in the embodiment 1, astragalus membranaceus is planted in a fuzhen Chinese medicinal material planting demonstration park in ziqi haerbyiquan county of black dragon river, and the method comprises the following specific steps of:
step one, land finishing: selecting sandy loam with loose soil; the organic matter content of the sandy loam is 1.24%, and the pH value of the soil is 7-8.5; deeply loosening soil, wherein a compound fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for the deeply plowed soil in the deeply plowing process, and the compound fertilizer consists of a trace element core layer, a compound microbial inoculum intermediate layer and a quick-acting fertilizer outer layer; the mass ratio of the trace element core layer to the composite microbial inoculum intermediate layer to the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer is 1:3: 2; the fertilizing amount of the compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer is 80g/m2Then, carrying out machine ditching, wherein the ditching ridge distance is 60cm, and the ditching depth on the ridge is 8-10 cm;
step two, seedling excavation: in the last 10 th day of autumn, when the temperature on the surface of the radix astragali is minus 4 +/-1 ℃ for at least 3 continuous days at night, digging out the whole annual radix astragali by adopting a manual digging method, and selecting radix astragali seedlings which have complete roots, sprout roots, smooth skins, uniform thickness, few lateral roots, no pathological changes and robustness for later use;
if the ground surface temperature is too high during digging of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, part of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings are rotted or germinate in soil to influence the accumulation of overwintering nutrient components, and if the ground surface temperature is too low during digging, the astragalus membranaceus is turned green in the next year, so that the green turning rate is reduced.
Step three, processing the overground part of the seedling: cutting off the overground part of the astragalus membranaceus seedling by using a branch shear or a chopper at a position 3-4 cm away from the bud point of the root of the astragalus membranaceus, so that the root and the bud point of the astragalus membranaceus can be buried in soil, if dead branches of the overground part are not sheared, root rot is easy to occur in the soil, and the overwintering quality of the astragalus membranaceus seedling is influenced.
Step four, underground part treatment of the seedlings: and (3) soaking the astragalus membranaceus with the overground part removed in the step three in 500-time diluted carbendazim and trichoderma biopesticide compound solution for root sterilization treatment.
The carbendazim used in the example is purchased from Jiangsu Sanshan pesticide Co Ltd, the content of active ingredients is 50%, the trichoderma biopesticide is purchased from Yitrillion Biotechnology Co Ltd in Guizhou, and the number of active bacteria of the product is not less than 2 × 109cfu/g. The compounding volume ratio of the carbendazim to the trichoderma biopesticide is 1: 1.
Taking out radix astragali seedlings soaked in the carbendazim and trichoderma compound solution for 30min, scattering a proper amount of lime powder, wherein the lime powder is different according to the thickness and length of radix astragali roots, a small amount of lime powder is preferably adhered to the surface layer of radix astragali, and then placing the radix astragali seedlings in a shade place for later use;
in the embodiment, the astragalus seedlings are soaked in the carbendazim and trichoderma compounded solution to achieve the root sterilization effect, and then a proper amount of lime powder is scattered to achieve the synergistic effect, so that the root rot is basically avoided in the next growth process of the astragalus.
Step five, transplanting: transplanting the annual astragalus membranaceus seedlings soaked in the step four in a ridge ditch in a crutch seedling mode, placing the astragalus membranaceus seedlings in a dug ditch in a double row mode at an angle of 30 degrees, enabling bud points to be 10-12 cm apart, covering fine soil with the thickness of 5-7 cm on astragalus membranaceus roots, flattening the fine soil, and then pressing the fine soil once by using a roller;
step six, green turning, fertilizing and field management: in spring next year, after the astragalus turns green, spraying a humic acid foliar fertilizer when the seedlings are 10-12 cm high and in a rapid growth period; carrying out intertillage and weeding for many times; and (4) carrying out field irrigation in a drought period and carrying out drainage in a rainy season.
The humic acid foliar fertilizer used in the embodiment is a liquid fertilizer provided according to the patent number (ZL.200710072732.1), and the fertilizing amount is 100mL per mu when the height of the radix astragali seedling is 10-12 cm; the fertilizing amount in the rapid growth period is 120mL per mu.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the comparative example performs astragalus root transplantation at the surface temperature of 4 ℃, 0 ℃ and-4 ℃ respectively in autumn and spring, and the specific transplantation time is as follows:
(1) in 2017, 10 months and 1 day in autumn, and the surface temperature at night is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(2) 10 and 7 days in autumn of 2017, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(3) 10 and 15 days in autumn of 2017, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(4) 5 months and 5 days in the spring of 2018, and the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(5) 5, 10 months in 2018 spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(6) 5, 15 days in 2018 spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(7) 10 and 2 days in autumn of 2018, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(8) 10 and 8 days in autumn of 2018, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(9) 13 days 10 months in autumn of 2018, and the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(10) 5, 7 months in 2019 spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(11) 5, 12 days in 5 and 12 months in 2019, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(12) 5, 17 months in 2019 spring, and the temperature of the surface at night is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(13) 10 and 2 days in autumn of 2019, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(14) 10 and 8 days in autumn of 2019, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(15) 13 days 10 months in autumn of 2019, and the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
the green turning rate of the astragalus membranaceus in next spring obtained in different transplanting times is statistically analyzed, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, in the spring transplantation and the autumn transplantation, the surface nighttime temperature was about 4 ℃ and the green return rate was the highest when the surface was transplanted in spring, and the surface nighttime temperature was about-4 ℃ and the highest when the surface was transplanted in autumn.
The data of the astragalus membranaceus transplanted in different seasons are averaged and sorted, the growth condition and the content of the medicinal components of the astragalus membranaceus are inspected, and the results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the comparison of the data in tables 2 and 3, the growth condition of the astragalus membranaceus transplanted in autumn and the content of the medicinal components are higher than those of the astragalus membranaceus transplanted in spring. The method for planting the astragalus membranaceus in the alpine region strictly controls the digging, processing and transplanting time of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, ensures the quality and medicinal components of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, and improves the green turning rate of the astragalus membranaceus in next spring.
Example 4
According to the method for planting astragalus membranaceus in the alpine region provided in the embodiment 1, astragalus membranaceus is planted in a north despise Chinese medicinal material planting base in a region huma county of greater Khingan province, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, land finishing: selecting sandy loam with loose soil; the organic matter content of the sandy loam is more than 1%, and the pH value of the soil is 7-8.5; deeply loosening soil, wherein a compound fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for the deeply plowed soil in the deeply plowing process, and the compound fertilizer consists of a trace element core layer, a compound microbial inoculum intermediate layer and a quick-acting fertilizer outer layer; the mass ratio of the trace element core layer to the composite microbial inoculum intermediate layer to the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer is 1:3: 2; the fertilizing amount of the compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer is 90g/m2Then, carrying out machine ditching, wherein the ditching ridge distance is 60cm, and the ditching depth on the ridge is 8-10 cm;
step two, seedling excavation: in the last 10 th day of autumn, when the temperature on the surface of the radix astragali is minus 4 +/-1 ℃ for at least 3 continuous days at night, digging out the whole annual radix astragali by adopting a manual digging method, and selecting radix astragali seedlings which have complete roots, sprout roots, smooth skins, uniform thickness, few lateral roots, no pathological changes and robustness for later use;
if the ground surface temperature is too high during digging of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, part of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings are rotted or germinate in soil to influence the accumulation of overwintering nutrient components, and if the ground surface temperature is too low during digging, the astragalus membranaceus is turned green in the next year, so that the green turning rate is reduced.
Step three, processing the overground part of the seedling: cutting off the overground part of the astragalus membranaceus seedling by using a branch shear or a chopper at a position 3-4 cm away from the bud point of the root of the astragalus membranaceus, so that the root and the bud point of the astragalus membranaceus can be buried in soil, if dead branches of the overground part are not sheared, root rot is easy to occur in the soil, and the overwintering quality of the astragalus membranaceus seedling is influenced.
Step four, treating the underground part of the seedling, namely soaking the astragalus membranaceus, the overground part of which is removed in the step three, in 500-time diluted carbendazim and trichoderma biopesticide compound solution for root sterilization treatment, wherein the carbendazim used in the embodiment is purchased from Jiangsu san shan pesticide Co., Ltd, the content of active ingredients is 50%, the trichoderma biopesticide is purchased from Guizhou Yitrillion biotechnologies Co., Ltd, and the number of active viable bacteria of the product is not less than 2 × 109cfu/g. The compounding volume ratio of the carbendazim to the trichoderma biopesticide is 1: 1.
Taking out radix astragali seedlings soaked in the carbendazim and trichoderma compound solution for 30min, scattering a proper amount of lime powder, wherein the lime powder is different according to the thickness and length of radix astragali roots, a small amount of lime powder is preferably adhered to the surface layer of radix astragali, and then placing the radix astragali seedlings in a shade place for later use;
in the embodiment, the astragalus seedlings are soaked in the carbendazim and trichoderma compounded solution to achieve the root sterilization effect, and then a proper amount of lime powder is scattered to achieve the synergistic effect, so that the root rot is basically avoided in the next growth process of the astragalus.
Step five, transplanting: transplanting the annual astragalus membranaceus seedlings soaked in the step four in a ridge ditch in a crutch seedling mode, placing the astragalus membranaceus seedlings in a dug ditch at an angle of 0 degrees in a double-row mode, enabling bud points to be 10-12 cm apart, covering the astragalus membranaceus roots with fine soil with the thickness of 5-7 cm, flattening the covered astragalus membranaceus roots with fine soil, and then pressing the covered astragalus membranaceus roots once by using a roller;
step six, green turning, fertilizing and field management: in spring next year, after the astragalus turns green, spraying a humic acid foliar fertilizer when the seedlings are 10-12 cm high and in a rapid growth period; carrying out intertillage and weeding for many times; and (4) carrying out field irrigation in a drought period and carrying out drainage in a rainy season.
The humic acid foliar fertilizer used in the embodiment is a liquid fertilizer provided according to the patent number (ZL.200710072732.1), and the fertilizing amount is 100mL per mu when the height of the radix astragali seedling is 10-12 cm; the fertilizing amount in the rapid growth period is 120mL per mu.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example and the example 4 is that the comparative example performs astragalus root transplantation at the surface temperature of 4 ℃, 0 ℃ and-4 ℃ respectively in autumn and spring, and the specific transplantation time is as follows:
(1) in 2017, 10 and 5 days in autumn, and the surface temperature at night is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(2) 10 months and 10 days in autumn of 2017, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(3) in 2017, 10 and 18 months in autumn, and the surface temperature at night is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(4) 5, 5 and 10 days in 2018 spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(5) 5, 15 days in 2018 spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(6) 5, 19 months in 2018 spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(7) in 2018, autumn is 10 months and 3 days, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(8) 10 and 8 days in autumn of 2018, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(9) 10 and 15 days in autumn of 2018, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(10) 5, 8 days in 5-month and 2019-year spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(11) 5, 13 days in 2019 spring, and the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(12) in 2019, the temperature of the ground surface at night is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days in spring 5 and 18 months;
(13) 10 and 2 days in autumn of 2019, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(14) 10 and 8 days in autumn of 2019, wherein the surface nighttime temperature is about 0 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
(15) 13 days 10 months in autumn of 2019, and the surface nighttime temperature is about-4 ℃ for more than three consecutive days during transplanting;
the green turning rate of the astragalus membranaceus in next spring obtained in different transplanting times is statistically analyzed, and the result is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the data in table 4, in the spring transplantation and the autumn transplantation, the surface nighttime temperature was about 4 ℃ and the green return rate was the highest when the surface was transplanted in spring, and the surface nighttime temperature was about-4 ℃ and the highest when the surface was transplanted in autumn.
The data of the astragalus membranaceus transplanted in different seasons are averaged and sorted, the growth condition and the content of the medicinal components of the astragalus membranaceus are inspected, and the results are shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
As can be seen from the comparison of the data in tables 5 and 6, the growth condition of the astragalus mongholicus transplanted in autumn and the content of the medicinal components are higher than those transplanted in spring. The method for planting the astragalus membranaceus in the alpine region strictly controls the digging, processing and transplanting time of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, ensures the quality and medicinal components of the astragalus membranaceus seedlings, and improves the green turning rate of the astragalus membranaceus in next spring.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 3 only in that this comparative example step one is as follows:
step one, land finishing: selecting sandy loam with loose soil; the organic matter content of the sandy loam is 1.24%, and the pH value of the soil is 7-8.5; the method is characterized in that the soil is deeply loosened, and quick-acting fertilizer is used as base fertilizer for the deeply ploughed soil in the deeply ploughing process, and the quick-acting fertilizer consists of urea, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium sulfate, wherein N, P contained in the urea, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the potassium sulfate2O5And K2The mass ratio of O is 5:7:10, and the fertilizing amount of the base fertilizer is 80g/m2And then, carrying out machine ditching, wherein the ditching ridge distance is 60cm, and the ditching depth on the ridge is 8-10 cm.
The results of examining the green turning rate, growth and pharmaceutical ingredient content of Astragalus membranaceus cultivated in this comparative example and example 3 are shown in tables 7 and 8.
TABLE 7
TABLE 8
As can be seen from the comparison of the data in the tables 7 and 8, the astragalus membranaceus planting method in the alpine region, provided by the invention, obtains a higher green turning rate by using the compound fertilizer with the three-layer structure as the base fertilizer, and the growth condition and the medicinal component value of the astragalus membranaceus are superior to those of the astragalus membranaceus planted by using the common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium quick-acting fertilizer as the base fertilizer. The reason is that the outer layer of the quick-acting fertilizer in the compound fertilizer can be quickly released into soil, so that the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients required by the green turning of the astragalus membranaceus are provided, and the green turning rate and the seedling growth condition of the astragalus membranaceus are improved; meanwhile, the microorganisms in the composite microbial inoculum can be propagated in a large quantity. A large amount of microorganisms in the soil can improve the soil structure and loosen the soil, which is beneficial to the root system of the astragalus membranaceus in the growth period to tie down and expand, and the effect superior to that of the conventional quick-acting fertilizer is realized. The microelement core layer can remarkably improve the microelement content of the astragalus, and further improve the medicinal value and the commercial value of the astragalus.
Claims (10)
1. A method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, land finishing: selecting sandy loam with loose soil; deeply loosening soil, namely using a compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer for the deeply plowed soil in the deeply plowing process, and then ditching by a machine;
step two, seedling excavation: digging out the whole annual astragalus membranaceus plant by adopting a manual digging method when the surface temperature of the autumn surface is minus 4 +/-1 ℃ for at least 3 consecutive days, and selecting healthy and strong astragalus membranaceus seedlings with complete main root roots, germinated root buds, smooth epidermis, uniform thickness, few lateral roots and no pathological changes for later use;
step three, processing the overground part of the seedling: cutting off the overground part of the astragalus membranaceus seedling at a position 3-4 cm away from the bud point of the root of the astragalus membranaceus;
step four, underground part treatment of the seedlings: soaking the astragalus membranaceus from which the overground part is removed in the diluted carbendazim and trichoderma biopesticide compound solution for root sterilization, and then scattering a proper amount of lime powder to be placed in a shade place for later use;
step five, transplanting: transplanting the annual astragalus membranaceus seedlings soaked in the step four in a ridge groove in a crutch seedling mode, obliquely placing the astragalus membranaceus seedlings in the groove dug in the step one at a certain angle, covering fine soil on astragalus membranaceus roots, flattening the astragalus membranaceus roots, and then compacting the astragalus membranaceus roots once by using a compactor;
step six, green turning, fertilizing and field management: in spring next year, after the astragalus turns green, spraying a humic acid foliar fertilizer when the seedlings are 10-12 cm high and in a rapid growth period; carrying out intertillage and weeding for many times; and (4) carrying out field irrigation in a drought period and carrying out drainage in a rainy season.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic matter content of sandy loam is 1-3%, and the pH value of the soil is 7-8.5.
3. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in the alpine region according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the first step, the furrowing is carried out at a ridge distance of 65cm, the furrowing depth on ridges is 8-10 cm, and the soil covering thickness is not less than 7 cm.
4. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions according to claim 3, wherein in the first step, the compound fertilizer consists of a trace element core layer, a compound microbial inoculum intermediate layer and a quick-acting fertilizer outer layer; the mass ratio of the trace element core layer to the composite microbial inoculum intermediate layer to the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer is 1-2: 3-5: 2-4; the fertilizing amount of the compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer is 60-90 g/m2。
5. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a trace element core layer:
screening attapulgite by using a 120-mesh sieve to obtain attapulgite powder for later use, dissolving a trace element raw material and citric acid in water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding the attapulgite powder into the mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain a trace element feed liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the trace element raw material to the citric acid to the attapulgite powder is 1-3: 20-25, drying the trace element feed liquid to reduce the water content of the trace element feed liquid to 20-30%, and granulating the obtained trace element feed liquid to obtain trace element core layer particles;
step 2, preparing the compound microbial inoculum:
drying and crushing the residual traditional Chinese medicine residues after extracting the effective components, sieving the dried and crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues with a 80-mesh sieve, adding the crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 1.0-2.0% according to the weight ratio of 1:10, uniformly mixing, treating at 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain crude fibers of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, washing the obtained crude fibers to be neutral, collecting the crude fibers, drying and grinding to obtain crude fiber powder with the particle size of 50-80 meshes for later use;
respectively fermenting and culturing bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and trichoderma viride, adding coarse fiber powder into the obtained strain fermentation liquor according to the volume mass ratio of 1mL to 5-10 g, uniformly stirring to obtain each strain microbial inoculum, mixing the obtained strain microbial inocula in equal proportion, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a composite microbial inoculum, naturally drying the obtained composite microbial inoculum, crushing and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve for later use;
step 3, coating the intermediate layer of the composite microbial inoculum:
putting the trace element core layer particles prepared in the first step into a granulator, adding the composite microbial inoculum powder prepared in the second step when the granulator rotates, wherein the mass ratio of the trace element core layer particles to the composite microbial inoculum powder is 1-2: 3-5, uniformly scattering the composite microbial inoculum powder on the surfaces of the trace element core layer particles, adding water in a spray manner to adhere the composite microbial inoculum powder on the surfaces of the trace element core layer particles to form a composite microbial inoculum middle layer, and drying the double-layer material particles uniformly coated with the composite microbial inoculum by cold air for later use, wherein the temperature of the cold air drying is not higher than 80 ℃;
step 4, coating the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium quick-acting fertilizer outer layer:
preparing urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate, N, P contained in urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium sulfate2O5And K2Preparing 65-75% solution of urea according to the mass concentration of 5:7:10, heating to 80 ℃, mixing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulfate and zeolite powder, and (2) mixing bentonite, wherein the addition amount of zeolite powder and the bentonite is 10% of the mass of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the potassium sulfate, crushing and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain quick-acting fertilizer powder, adding the double-layer material particles coated with the composite microbial inoculum prepared in the step three and the quick-acting fertilizer powder into a granulator, wherein the mass ratio of the double-layer material particles to the quick-acting fertilizer powder is 3-5: 2-4, uniformly scattering the quick-acting fertilizer powder on the surfaces of the double-layer material particles, spraying urea solution to enable the quick-acting fertilizer powder to be adhered on the surfaces of the double-layer material particles to form a quick-acting fertilizer outer layer, drying the three-layer material particles uniformly coated with the quick-acting fertilizer outer layer by cold air, and drying the cold air at a temperature not higher than.
6. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions according to claim 5, wherein the total number of effective viable bacteria of the strains in the mixed microbial inoculum prepared in the step 2 is 1-2 × 109cfu/g。
7. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions according to claim 6, wherein the carbendazim in the fourth step is a commercial product, the effective component of the carbendazim is not less than 80%, the trichoderma is a commercial trichoderma biopesticide, and the number of effective live bacteria of the trichoderma biopesticide is not less than 2 × 109cfu/g。
8. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in the alpine region according to claim 7, wherein in the fifth step, the astragalus membranaceus seedlings are placed at an inclination angle of 0-30 degrees, the astragalus membranaceus seedlings are placed in double rows, and the bud point spacing distance is 10-12 cm.
9. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in alpine regions according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the fine soil covering the astragalus membranaceus roots in the fifth step is 5-7 cm.
10. The method for planting astragalus membranaceus in the alpine regions according to claim 9, wherein the application amount of the humic acid foliar fertilizer in the sixth step is 100-120 mL per mu.
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