CN111602496A - Japonica rice fertilizing method - Google Patents
Japonica rice fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111602496A CN111602496A CN202010496803.6A CN202010496803A CN111602496A CN 111602496 A CN111602496 A CN 111602496A CN 202010496803 A CN202010496803 A CN 202010496803A CN 111602496 A CN111602496 A CN 111602496A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a japonica rice fertilization method, which is applied to a field for planting japonica rice and comprises the following steps: (1) applying a base fertilizer to the field block when the field is finished, wherein the application amount is 30-50 kg/mu; (2) transplanting the seedlings after seedling raising to the field block, weeding the field block, and applying a tillering fertilizer within 5-20 days after transplanting, wherein the application amount of the tillering fertilizer is 10-20 kg/mu; (3) applying spike fertilizer when the sword leaves of the seedlings are exposed or fully spread, wherein the application amount of the spike fertilizer is 10-30 kg/mu; (4) and applying a grain fertilizer in the heading stage of the seedlings, wherein the application amount is 0.1-0.3 kg/mu. The method applies base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, spike fertilizer and grain fertilizer to japonica rice at different periods respectively, and the fertilizer in the 4 steps can select different components to provide targeted promotion effect and improve yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice cultivation, in particular to a method for fertilizing japonica rice.
Background
Japonica rice is a subspecies of rice, needs short sunshine time, but has long growth period, is cold-resistant, has strong viscosity, short and round rice grains, higher protein content and good taste.
Japonica rice is resistant to fertilizer and lodging, has high water management requirements, and should be planted in a plain area with deep soil plough layer, good soil foundation and convenient irrigation and drainage. When the japonica rice is fertilized, 45% of ternary compound fertilizer and urea are generally applied to the japonica rice, and the fertilization types are the same in each growth period of the japonica rice.
In the existing japonica rice fertilization method, due to the fact that fertilization types are the same in each period, a targeted promotion effect on the growth of japonica rice cannot be provided, and high yield is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for fertilizing japonica rice, which can further improve the yield.
A japonica rice fertilization method is applied to a field for planting japonica rice, and comprises the following steps:
(1) applying a base fertilizer to the field block when the field is finished, wherein the application amount is 30-50 kg/mu;
(2) transplanting the seedlings after seedling raising to the field block, weeding the field block, and applying a tillering fertilizer within 5-20 days after transplanting, wherein the application amount of the tillering fertilizer is 10-20 kg/mu;
(3) applying spike fertilizer when the sword leaves of the seedlings are exposed or fully spread, wherein the application amount of the spike fertilizer is 10-30 kg/mu;
(4) and applying a grain fertilizer in the heading stage of the seedlings, wherein the application amount is 0.1-0.3 kg/mu.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: and respectively applying base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, spike fertilizer and granular fertilizer to japonica rice at different periods, wherein the fertilizer in the 4 steps can be selected from different components so as to provide a targeted promotion effect and improve the yield.
In addition, the japonica rice fertilization method provided by the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
further, the base fertilizer is a 45% ternary compound fertilizer, wherein N, K, P is the weight ratio of 1:1:1, if the japonica rice is japonica rice in one season, the application amount is 40-50 kg/mu, and if the japonica rice is japonica rice in two seasons, the application amount is 35-45 kg/mu.
Further, the N, P, K mass ratio of the tillering fertilizer is 5: 2-3: 3-5.
Further, the water content of the soil of the field is kept to be 20-25% within 5-20 days after transplanting in the step (2).
Further, the ear fertilizer is a mixture of urea and potassium chloride, wherein N, K is in a mass ratio of 5: 4-5, if the japonica rice is japonica rice in one season, the application amount is 15-30 kg/mu, and if the japonica rice is japonica rice in two seasons, the application amount is 10-20 kg/mu.
Further, before applying the spike fertilizer in the step (3), the field is irrigated to the water depth of 0.5-1 cm.
Further, the granular fertilizer in the step (4) is a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate, and the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the calcium ammonium nitrate is 10: 2-5.
Further, the granular fertilizer is a solution, the mass fraction of the granular fertilizer is 6-7%, and the granular fertilizer is applied by spraying on the leaf surfaces of the japonica rice.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with examples are described in detail below. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Example 1
A japonica rice fertilization method is applied to a field for planting japonica rice, and comprises the following steps:
(1) applying a base fertilizer to the field when the field is finished, wherein the base fertilizer is a 45% ternary compound fertilizer, the N, K, P mass ratio is 1:1:1, if the japonica rice is japonica in one season, the application rate is 40 kg/mu, and if the japonica rice is japonica late in two seasons, the application rate is 35 kg/mu;
(2) transplanting the seedlings after seedling raising to the field block, weeding the field block, applying a tillering fertilizer within 5 days after transplanting, keeping the soil moisture content of the field block at 20-25%, wherein the application amount of the tillering fertilizer is 10 kg/mu, and the N, P, K mass ratio of the tillering fertilizer is 5:2: 3;
(3) applying spike fertilizer when the flag leaves of the seedlings are exposed or fully spread, wherein the spike fertilizer is a mixture of urea and potassium chloride, the N, K mass ratio is 5:4, if the japonica rice is medium japonica in one season, the application amount is 15 kg/mu, and if the japonica rice is double-season late japonica, the application amount is 10 kg/mu;
(4) applying a granular fertilizer in the heading period of the seedlings, wherein the application amount is 0.1 kg/mu, the granular fertilizer is a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate, the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the calcium ammonium nitrate is 10:2, the granular fertilizer is a solution, the mass fraction of the granular fertilizer is 6%, and the application method is that the granular fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the japonica rice.
In this embodiment, before applying the spike fertilizer, the field is irrigated to a depth of 0.5cm, so that the fertilizing effect can be improved, and the applied fertilizer is easier to be blended into the soil.
The invention has the advantages that the base fertilizer, the tillering fertilizer, the panicle fertilizer and the granular fertilizer are respectively applied to the japonica rice at different periods, and the fertilizers in the 4 can select different components to provide a targeted promotion effect and improve the yield.
The water content of the soil can be adjusted by irrigation, the tillering fertilizer can be prepared by adopting compound fertilizer, urea and sylvite, and the natural falling dry of the field can be kept after the spike fertilizer is applied.
Example 2
A japonica rice fertilization method is applied to a field for planting japonica rice, and comprises the following steps:
(1) applying a base fertilizer to the field when the field is finished, wherein the base fertilizer is a 45% ternary compound fertilizer, if the japonica rice is japonica rice in one season, the application amount is 50 kg/mu, and if the japonica rice is double-season late japonica, the application amount is 45 kg/mu;
(2) transplanting the seedlings after seedling raising to the field block, weeding the field block, applying a tillering fertilizer within 20 days after transplanting, keeping the soil moisture content of the field block at 20-25%, wherein the application amount of the tillering fertilizer is 20 kg/mu, and the N, P, K mass ratio of the tillering fertilizer is 5:3: 5;
(3) applying spike fertilizer when the flag leaves of the seedlings are exposed or fully spread, wherein the spike fertilizer is a mixture of urea and potassium chloride, the N, K mass ratio is 5:5, if the japonica rice is medium japonica in one season, the application amount is 30 kg/mu, if the japonica rice is double-season late japonica, the application amount is 20 kg/mu, and the field is irrigated to the water depth of 1cm before applying the spike fertilizer;
(4) applying a granular fertilizer in the heading period of the seedlings, wherein the application amount is 0.3 kg/mu, the granular fertilizer is a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate, the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the calcium ammonium nitrate is 10:5, the granular fertilizer is a solution, the mass fraction of the granular fertilizer is 7%, and the application method is that the granular fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the japonica rice.
Example 3
A japonica rice fertilization method is applied to a field for planting japonica rice, and comprises the following steps:
(1) applying a base fertilizer to the field when the field is finished, wherein the base fertilizer is a 45% ternary compound fertilizer, if the japonica rice is japonica rice in one season, the application amount is 45 kg/mu, and if the japonica rice is double-season late japonica, the application amount is 40 kg/mu;
(2) transplanting the seedlings after seedling raising to the field block, weeding the field block, applying a tillering fertilizer within 10 days after transplanting, keeping the soil moisture content of the field block at 20-25%, wherein the application amount of the tillering fertilizer is 12 kg/mu, and the N, P, K mass ratio of the tillering fertilizer is 5:2: 4;
(3) applying spike fertilizer when the flag leaves of the seedlings are exposed or fully spread, wherein the spike fertilizer is a mixture of urea and potassium chloride, the N, K mass ratio is 5:4, if the japonica rice is medium japonica in one season, the application amount is 20 kg/mu, if the japonica rice is double-season late japonica, the application amount is 15 kg/mu, and the field is irrigated to the water depth of 0.5cm before applying the spike fertilizer;
(4) applying a granular fertilizer in the heading period of the seedlings, wherein the application amount is 0.2 kg/mu, the granular fertilizer is a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate, the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the calcium ammonium nitrate is 10:3, the granular fertilizer is a solution, the mass fraction of the granular fertilizer is 7%, and the application method is that the granular fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the japonica rice.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 3 except that:
and (3) in the step (2), the water content of the soil is 12-17%.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 3 except that:
the spike fertilizer is urea, and potassium element is not included.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 3 except that:
the granular fertilizer is monopotassium phosphate, and does not contain calcium ammonium nitrate.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is substantially the same as example 3 except that:
the granular fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium nitrate, and the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the ammonium nitrate is 10: 3.
In order to better illustrate the invention, the method of the embodiment and the comparison example is adopted in a certain area of Fuzhou city in Jiangxi province to test Yongyou No. 1538, the result is shown in Table 1, japonica rice is all japonica rice in one season, and the harvest is carried out after the maturity reaches 85% and 7 days later.
TABLE 1
Referring to table 1, comparing examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that all examples of the present invention have good effects;
as can be seen from comparative examples 1 and 2, the yield of japonica rice can be promoted by increasing the soil humidity and the potassium element;
from comparative examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that calcium ammonium nitrate can further improve the yield of japonica rice, and the effect is slightly better when calcium ammonium nitrate is used than when ammonium nitrate is used.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A japonica rice fertilization method is applied to a field for planting japonica rice, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) applying a base fertilizer to the field block when the field is finished, wherein the application amount is 30-50 kg/mu;
(2) transplanting the seedlings after seedling raising to the field block, weeding the field block, and applying a tillering fertilizer within 5-20 days after transplanting, wherein the application amount of the tillering fertilizer is 10-20 kg/mu;
(3) applying spike fertilizer when the sword leaves of the seedlings are exposed or fully spread, wherein the application amount of the spike fertilizer is 10-30 kg/mu;
(4) and applying a grain fertilizer in the heading stage of the seedlings, wherein the application amount is 0.1-0.3 kg/mu.
2. The japonica rice fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer is a 45% ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the N, K, P mass ratio is 1:1:1, the application amount is 40-50 kg/mu if the japonica rice is japonica in one season, and the application amount is 35-45 kg/mu if the japonica rice is double-season late japonica.
3. The japonica rice fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein the tillering fertilizer is N, P, K in a mass ratio of 5: 2-3: 3-5.
4. The japonica rice fertilization method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the soil moisture content of the field is maintained at 20-25% within 5-20 days after the transplanting in step (2).
5. The japonica rice fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein the ear fertilizer is a mixture of urea and potassium chloride, the N, K mass ratio is 5: 4-5, the application amount is 15-30 kg/mu if the japonica rice is japonica rice in one season, and the application amount is 10-20 kg/mu if the japonica rice is japonica rice in two seasons.
6. The japonica rice fertilization method according to claim 5, wherein the field is irrigated to a water depth of 0.5-1 cm before applying the spike fertilizer in step (3).
7. The japonica rice fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein the granular fertilizer in the step (4) is a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate, and the mass ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the calcium ammonium nitrate is 10: 2-5.
8. The japonica rice fertilization method according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the granular fertilizer is a solution, the mass fraction of the granular fertilizer is 6-7%, and the application method is spraying the granular fertilizer on the leaves of the japonica rice.
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| CN202010496803.6A CN111602496A (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Japonica rice fertilizing method |
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103270922A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-04 | 扬州大学 | Precise management method of moisture in tillering stage of rice plant after wheat straws are returned to field |
| CN110140500A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-20 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of double season super hybridization rice nitrogens move back the High Efficient nitrogen method of administration of strong fringe |
| CN111084064A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-01 | 江西省农业技术推广总站 | Japonica rice cultivation method |
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2020
- 2020-06-03 CN CN202010496803.6A patent/CN111602496A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103270922A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-04 | 扬州大学 | Precise management method of moisture in tillering stage of rice plant after wheat straws are returned to field |
| CN110140500A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-20 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of double season super hybridization rice nitrogens move back the High Efficient nitrogen method of administration of strong fringe |
| CN111084064A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-01 | 江西省农业技术推广总站 | Japonica rice cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所: "《中国肥料概论》", 30 June 1962, 上海科学技术出版社 * |
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