CN111589023A - Forest fire extinguishing method and device - Google Patents
Forest fire extinguishing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111589023A CN111589023A CN202010390529.4A CN202010390529A CN111589023A CN 111589023 A CN111589023 A CN 111589023A CN 202010390529 A CN202010390529 A CN 202010390529A CN 111589023 A CN111589023 A CN 111589023A
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- fire extinguishing
- forest
- fire
- bomb
- extinguishing agent
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C19/00—Hand fire-extinguishers in which the extinguishing substance is expelled by an explosion; Exploding containers thrown into the fire
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
- A62C3/0228—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires with delivery of fire extinguishing material by air or aircraft
- A62C3/025—Fire extinguishing bombs; Projectiles and launchers therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C39/00—Aircraft not otherwise provided for
- B64C39/02—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
- B64C39/024—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention utilizes the characteristic that the gyroplane, in particular to an unmanned gyroplane, can hover at a precise fixed point, operates the throwing mechanism provided with a plurality of fire extinguishing bombs to lead the forest fire extinguishing bomb to detonate on the vegetation in the fire scene, and sprays the forest fire extinguishing bomb in the fire scene in a instantly gas explosion shape according to the accurate and uniform fog of determined honey degree, thereby avoiding evaporation and elegant loss; the loading ratio of the fire extinguishing agent is increased, the reliability, the safety and the environmental protection of the fire extinguishing bomb are improved, the forest fire extinguishing efficiency is improved by the double fire extinguishing effects of physics and chemistry, the reburning is not easy to happen, and the fire extinguishing effect is evaluated by airborne equipment; the loading time of the gyroplane is saved, and the flying fire extinguishing efficiency is improved; obviously reduces the forest fire extinguishing cost and is convenient for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest fire extinguishing, in particular to a forest fire extinguishing method and a forest fire extinguishing device.
Background
Forest fires are natural disasters which are strong in burst property, large in destructiveness and difficult to dispose and rescue, and are one of the most serious natural disasters which hinder the development of forestry. With the continuous promotion of the afforestation work of barren mountains, the forest coverage rate is gradually improved, the combustible substances in the forest are continuously increased, and the increasingly severe weather conditions cause the forest fire prevention pressure to be increasingly greater and forest fires to occur; the landforms of most forests are complex, the road traffic is inconvenient, the visibility range is small, the fire disaster is very difficult to extinguish due to various weather conditions, the life safety of fire fighters is threatened greatly, and meanwhile, huge property loss is caused; the fire monitoring is not timely, the fire fighting technology and equipment are relatively laggard and single, the best fire fighting opportunity is delayed, so that the forest fire extinguishing work is seriously restricted because small fire becomes big fire. In forest fires, fighting is the mainstream in the world, aims to control the fire source and 'fight for early, small and small' to deal with the guideline of forest fires, and strives to extinguish the fire in a bud state.
The forest fire-extinguishing method that the plane sprays the fire-extinguishing agent or water is influenced by smoke, high-temperature hot air flow and wind direction, a large amount of fire-extinguishing agent or water is blown away or vaporized before reaching the root of a big fire, and the fire-extinguishing efficiency is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the forest fire extinguishing effect is limited by factors such as climate and visibility, pilot quality, geographical environment and water source position. The current situation of airplane management is difficult to meet the requirements of early discovery, early fighting and extinguishing fire in a bud state.
At present, a fire extinguishing method using a launch type fire extinguishing bomb aims at the early stage forest fire, but the method has the problems of short launch distance, small fire extinguishing agent loading amount, poor landing point precision, low fire extinguishing efficiency, high cost and the like, and cannot meet the requirement of extinguishing the early stage forest fire.
At present, an air-drop fire extinguishing bomb is used for extinguishing fire in the early forest fire, but the existing method is generally integrated, on one hand, long cruising time is required to influence the load capacity of the fire extinguishing bomb inevitably, and the load capacity of the fire extinguishing bomb is greatly reduced; on the other hand, the fire extinguishing bomb has complex design and more elements, which affects the loading of the fire extinguishing agent, reduces the fire extinguishing efficiency and causes over high cost; the ground contact initiation mode is usually only suitable for extinguishing surface fire and can not extinguish forest fire with higher vegetation; the shell does not consider the safety problem after the shell is broken, and the shell cannot meet the requirements of forest fire extinguishing due to the restriction of the problems of nondegradable or difficult degradation and the like, and is difficult to popularize and apply.
Disclosure of Invention
The early discovery of the forest fire is realized by monitoring the forest fire by combining satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle patrol, a monitoring station and the like; the characteristics that the gyroplane, particularly the unmanned gyroplane, can accurately hover at a fixed point are fully utilized, the position, the area and the vegetation height of an ignition point are determined all weather by airborne infrared and night vision cameras and other equipment, the height coordinate of the fixed point hovering position of the gyroplane is determined by combining the delayed detonation time of a fuse of a fire extinguishing bomb, and a remote control releasing mechanism enables an air-drop forest fire extinguishing bomb to penetrate through a thicker high-temperature airflow layer at the upper part of a fire scene to detonate at a position 1-5 meters above the vegetation of the fire scene, so that the evaporation and the drifting loss of a fire extinguishing agent on the thicker high; the special forest fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bomb is sprayed in a fire scene in a mist form with an instant gas explosion shape according to the determined concentration, the forest fire prevention and extinguishing efficiency is improved through the physical and chemical dual fire extinguishing effects, the re-combustion is prevented, the early discovery, early suppression and quick and accurate high-efficiency fire extinguishing of forest fires are realized, and the fire extinguishing effect is evaluated through airborne infrared and night vision camera equipment.
Wherein:
the rotorcraft fixed-point hover position coordinates: x ═ a, Y ═ b (a, b are fire point plane position coordinates), Z ═ 1+ vegetation height Z1 (m) + ignition delay initiation height Z2 (m), and ignition delay initiation height Z2 ═ 4.9t2And t is ignition delay detonation time (seconds).
The throwing mechanism is a solenoid valve pneumatic opening free-falling body throwing device, the throwing mechanism provided with a plurality of fire extinguishing bombs is connected with the gyroplane in a quick connection mode, and the power line and the control line of the throwing mechanism are quickly connected with the power line and the control element of the gyroplane in a plug-in mode, so that the bombs are conveniently loaded, the bomb loading time of the gyroplane is saved, and the fire extinguishing work efficiency of the gyroplane is improved.
The spraying density of the fire extinguishing agent of the fire extinguishing bomb is adjusted by adopting the energy of the priming powder, and is controlled to be 0.25L/m according to the vegetation condition2-0.90L/m2。
For forest fire with higher vegetation, in order to further improve the fire extinguishing efficiency, the fire extinguishing bomb filled with the superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent and the fire extinguishing bomb filled with the special forest fire extinguishing agent can be put in a combined mode, the superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb is firstly put in and detonated, the special forest fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb is then put in and detonated, and the difference of the detonation time of the superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb and the special forest fire extinguishing bomb is less than or equal to 2 seconds. The spraying density of the fire extinguishing agent is 0.1kg/m of superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent2-0.25kg/m2Forest fire extinguishing agent 0.2L/m2-0.6L/m2。
The technical scheme of the device of the forest fire-extinguishing method of the invention is that a forest fire-extinguishing bomb and a throwing mechanism comprise:
the forest fire extinguishing bomb consists of a shell, a fire extinguishing agent, an ignition delay detonation component, a central explosion tube and a safety cover. The outermost end of the fire extinguishing bomb is a shell, the delay detonation component is arranged in the center of the central detonation tube, the central detonation tube is located in the center of the fire extinguishing bomb, the fire extinguishing agent is located between the central detonation tube and the shell, and the central detonation tube is provided with a safety cover.
The fire extinguishing bomb shell is cylindrical or spherical and is made of one or two or more than two mixed plastics of degradable straw plastics, plant fiber plastics and starch plastics;
hexagonal grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the shell to ensure that the shell which is waterfall opened is obtuse-angle fragments with uniform size, so that the injury to a human body is avoided;
the ignition delay detonation component is used for triggering or electrically igniting delay detonator gunpowder detonation;
the fire extinguishing agent is a special fire extinguishing agent for forests, has physical and chemical double fire extinguishing functions, good adhesion and wetting cooling effects, difficult re-combustion, no toxicity and natural degradation.
The throwing mechanism is a solenoid valve pneumatic opening free falling body throwing device, a cartridge clip bolt is pneumatically pushed open by the solenoid valve, and the cartridge clip free falling body is opened by the gravity of a cartridge body to be thrown; the air source of the feeding mechanism is a high-pressure gas storage bottle provided with a pressure reducing valve; the throwing mechanism with a plurality of fire extinguishing bombs is connected with the gyroplane in a quick connection mode, and the power line and the control line of the throwing mechanism are quickly connected with the power line and the control element of the gyroplane in a plug-in mode.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is:
1. through equipment such as machine-mounted infrared and night vision camera shooting confirm ignition point position, area and vegetation height in all weather, confirm the gyroplane fixed point position coordinate of hovering, accurate control fire extinguishing bomb passes the thick high temperature air current layer in scene of a fire upper portion and explodes on the scene of a fire vegetation, avoids the evaporation and the elegant loss of fire extinguishing agent in the thick high temperature air current layer in scene of a fire upper portion, and accurate even vaporific spraying in the twinkling of an eye can realize quick accurate high efficiency and put out a fire.
2. The special forest fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bomb is accurately and uniformly sprayed in a fire scene in an instant gas explosion manner, and the forest fire extinguishing efficiency is improved by the double fire extinguishing effects of physics and chemistry by virtue of the negative pressure effect, so that the re-combustion is prevented.
3. The fire extinguishing agent special for the forest is adopted, has the advantages of high-efficiency fire extinguishing and prevention, difficult re-burning, no toxicity, no odor, no irritation, no corrosiveness, natural degradation and no residue, is favorable for vegetation recovery and is favorable for water and soil conservation.
4. The fire extinguishing bomb has scientific structural design, improves the loading ratio of the fire extinguishing agent of the fire extinguishing bomb, improves the reliability, safety and environmental protection of the fire extinguishing bomb, obviously reduces the fire extinguishing cost, and is easy to popularize and apply.
5. The throwing mechanism provided with the plurality of fire extinguishing bombs is connected with the gyroplane in a quick connection mode, so that the loading is convenient, the loading time of the gyroplane is saved, and the flying fire extinguishing efficiency is improved.
6. The fire extinguishing effect is evaluated through airborne infrared and night vision camera equipment, and the fire extinguishing efficiency of the aerial-drop forest fire extinguishing bomb is effectively improved.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the principles and embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made based on the technical spirit of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the principles and embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A forest fire extinguishing method and a device thereof are characterized in that: the gyroplane is controlled to hover at a fixed point above a fire scene, a throwing mechanism provided with a plurality of fire extinguishing bombs is operated to enable the forest fire extinguishing bombs to penetrate through a thicker high-temperature airflow layer on the upper portion of the fire scene to detonate 1-5 meters above vegetation in the fire scene, the special forest fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing bombs is sprayed in the fire scene in an accurate and uniform mist form according to determined honey degree in an instantaneous gas explosion manner, the forest fire extinguishing efficiency is improved through the dual fire extinguishing effects of physics and chemistry, re-combustion is prevented, and the fire extinguishing effect is evaluated through airborne infrared and night vision camera equipment.
2. A forest fire fighting method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: control gyroplane fixed point during throwingThe coordinates of the stop position are: x, Y, Z1+ vegetation height Z1+ ignition delay initiation height Z2, and ignition delay initiation height Z2 4.9t2T is ignition delay detonation time, and a and b are coordinates of the fire point position.
3. A putting mechanism for a forest fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the throwing mechanism is a solenoid valve pneumatic opening free falling body throwing device, a cartridge clip bolt is pneumatically pushed open by the solenoid valve, the cartridge clip free falling body is opened by relying on the gravity of a cartridge body to be thrown, an air source of the throwing mechanism is a high-pressure gas storage bottle provided with a pressure reducing valve, the throwing mechanism provided with a plurality of fire extinguishing cartridges is connected with the gyroplane in a quick connection mode, and a power line and a control line of the throwing mechanism are quickly connected with a power line and a control element of the gyroplane in a plug-in mode.
4. Fire extinguishing agent spray density of a forest fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spraying density of the fire extinguishing agent of the forest fire extinguishing bomb is adjusted by adopting the energy of the priming powder, and is controlled to be 0.25L/m according to the vegetation condition2-0.90L/m2。
5. A forest fire extinguishing bomb as claimed in claim 1, which is characterised in that: the forest fire extinguishing bomb comprises a shell, a fire extinguishing agent, an ignition delay detonation component, a central detonation tube and a safety cover, wherein the outermost end of the fire extinguishing bomb is the shell, the delay detonation component is arranged in the center of the central detonation tube, the central detonation tube is positioned in the center of the fire extinguishing bomb, the fire extinguishing agent is arranged between the central detonation tube and the shell, and the central detonation tube is provided with the safety cover.
The fire extinguishing bomb shell is spherical or cylindrical and is made of one or two or more than two mixed plastics of degradable straw plastics, plant fiber plastics and starch plastics;
regular hexagonal grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the shell to ensure that the shell which is waterfall opened is obtuse-angle-shaped fragments with uniform size, so that the injury to a human body is avoided;
the ignition delay detonation component is used for detonation of a pulling or electric ignition delay detonator gunpowder;
the fire extinguishing agent is a special fire extinguishing agent for forests, has physical and chemical double fire extinguishing effects, good adhesion and wetting cooling effects, difficult re-combustion, no toxicity and natural degradation.
6. A forest fire fighting method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: for further improvement fire extinguishing efficiency, can be with being equipped with superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb and being equipped with the special fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb combination of forest and put in, put in earlier the superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb of initiation, put in later the special fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb of initiation forest, the detonation time difference of both is less than or equal to 2 seconds, the spraying density of fire extinguishing agent is: 0.1kg/m of superfine dry powder extinguishing agent2-0.25kg/m2Forest fire extinguishing agent 0.2L/m2-0.6L/m2。
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CN202010390529.4A CN111589023A (en) | 2020-05-02 | 2020-05-02 | Forest fire extinguishing method and device |
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CN202010390529.4A CN111589023A (en) | 2020-05-02 | 2020-05-02 | Forest fire extinguishing method and device |
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CN202010390529.4A Pending CN111589023A (en) | 2020-05-02 | 2020-05-02 | Forest fire extinguishing method and device |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN117065262A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 江苏安之技科技发展有限公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing and re-combustion preventing system and method for electrical equipment |
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