CN111580017A - Transformer electric-heat combined simulation experiment device based on wide-range gradient temperature field - Google Patents
Transformer electric-heat combined simulation experiment device based on wide-range gradient temperature field Download PDFInfo
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- CN111580017A CN111580017A CN202010485633.1A CN202010485633A CN111580017A CN 111580017 A CN111580017 A CN 111580017A CN 202010485633 A CN202010485633 A CN 202010485633A CN 111580017 A CN111580017 A CN 111580017A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer electric-heat combined simulation experiment device based on a wide-range gradient temperature field, which belongs to the technical field of transformer simulation experiments and comprises a winding, a silicon steel sheet, a shell, a temperature controller, a high-voltage generator and a display device; the silicon steel sheet is arranged at the center of the bottom of the inner side of the shell, and a cavity is formed between the silicon steel sheet and the shell; an oil flow device communicated with the cavity is arranged on the outer side of the shell; the winding is wound on the outer side of the silicon steel sheet; a heating device is arranged at the center of the silicon steel sheet; the outer side of the shell is coated with a low-temperature refrigerating device and a low-temperature heat insulation layer; the high-voltage generator is electrically connected with the winding; the temperature controller is in signal connection with the low-temperature refrigerating device and the heating device; a temperature sensor module and a flow velocity sensor module are arranged in the cavity; the display device is arranged outside the shell. The invention realizes smooth transition of the temperature field from inside to outside and from high temperature to low temperature through the diffusion interaction of the thermal field and the cold field, and can simulate the actual working condition of the transformer in the high-cold low-temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer simulation experiments, and particularly relates to a transformer electric-heat combined simulation experiment device based on a wide-range gradient temperature field.
Background
Oil-immersed transformers are the core components in power systems, and their safe and reliable operation is especially important for power systems. When oil-paper insulation, oil-in-oil solute and impurity research of an oil-immersed transformer is carried out, the oil-in-oil solute and impurity research is often carried out in a uniform and consistent thermal environment, and therefore the research result and the actual error are large, and real data are difficult to obtain.
The method is characterized in that the analysis is carried out on the oil-immersed transformer in winter in the alpine region, the temperature of the winding of the transformer is higher and even reaches the temperature of a hot spot, but the external environment is cold, so that the winding position of the transformer is in a higher temperature field, and the shell position of the transformer is in a very low temperature field, so that the temperature inside the shell of the transformer is not uniform, and the temperature is gradually changed from high temperature to low temperature from inside to outside. In the prior art, the method is carried out in a thermal environment with a certain temperature gradient, however, when micro analysis of oil paper insulation, oil dissolved matters and impurities is carried out, the difference between the place of the temperature gradient (temperature transition) and the actual place is large; in addition, the lower temperature limit in the temperature gradient method is difficult to meet the winter temperature requirement of alpine regions, and the trial application is limited.
Therefore, an experimental device capable of simulating the actual working condition of the transformer in the low-temperature environment of the alpine region is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device capable of simulating the actual working condition of a transformer in a low-temperature environment in a severe cold region. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the transformer electric-heat combined simulation experiment device based on the wide-range gradient temperature field comprises a winding, a silicon steel sheet, a shell, a temperature controller, a high-voltage generator and a display device;
the silicon steel sheet is arranged in the center of the inside of the shell, and a cavity is formed between the silicon steel sheet and the shell and used for placing insulating oil; an oil flow device communicated with the cavity is arranged outside the shell and used for circulating the insulating oil in the cavity;
the winding is wound on the outer side of the silicon steel sheet; a main insulating partition plate is arranged between the silicon steel sheets and the winding and is used for insulating the winding and the silicon steel sheets; a heating device is arranged in the center of the silicon steel sheet; the outer side of the shell is sequentially coated with a low-temperature refrigerating device and a low-temperature heat insulation layer from inside to outside;
the high-voltage generator is electrically connected with the winding, is arranged outside the shell and is used for boosting the voltage of the winding to a required voltage level;
the temperature controller is arranged outside the shell; the temperature controller comprises a low-temperature controller and a high-temperature controller, is respectively in signal connection with the low-temperature refrigerating device and the heating device, and is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the low-temperature refrigerating device and the heating device according to a set temperature;
a temperature sensor module and a flow rate sensor module which are in signal connection with the display device are arranged in the cavity and used for monitoring the oil temperature and the oil flow change at different positions;
the display device is arranged outside the shell and used for displaying an image for drawing a simulated temperature field according to the data collected by the temperature sensor and the flow velocity sensor module.
Further, the oil flow device comprises an oil pressure controller, an oil storage tank, an oil flow pipeline and a flow rate controller, wherein redundant insulating oil is stored in the oil storage tank; the oil level in the cavity is adjusted by the oil temperature inside the shell expanding with heat and contracting with cold and the oil pressure controller; an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively formed in the center positions of the upper end and the lower end of the shell, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet are communicated with the oil storage tank through the oil flow pipeline; the flow rate controller is arranged on the oil flow pipeline and used for controlling the flow rate of the insulating oil; and the oil flow pipeline is provided with a valve switch for controlling the circulation of the insulating oil in the oil flow pipeline.
Further, the heating device is a heating sheet; the heating sheet is embedded in the silicon steel sheet; the heating sheet is formed by pressing an electric heating wire.
Furthermore, the heating sheet is embedded in the center of the silicon steel sheet, and the distance between each edge of the heating sheet and the corresponding edge of the silicon steel sheet is equal.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor module and the flow velocity sensor module are respectively provided with 10-15 sensors at equal intervals from the silicon steel sheet to the inner surface of the shell.
Further, the low-temperature refrigerating device comprises a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a condenser, accessories and pipelines, and adopts ammonia refrigerant.
Further, the winding comprises insulating paper and a copper conductor, and the insulating paper covers the outer side of the copper conductor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the smooth transition of the temperature field from inside to outside and from high temperature to low temperature is realized through the diffusion interaction of the thermal field and the cold field, the temperature gradient is realized, and the actual working condition of the transformer in the high-cold low-temperature environment can be realized.
2. The invention generates the cold temperature field to participate in the neutralization by the low-temperature refrigerating device outside the shell, and can obtain the oil temperature in a wider temperature range.
3. The invention can simulate the operation environment in the transformer more truly through the interaction of the thermal field and the electric field, including the fluid force field generated by the oil flow device, and the research on the oil paper insulation characteristic, the solute in the oil and the impurity dynamics is more accurate.
4. The heat source of the invention is generated by the heating sheet and conducted to the silicon steel sheet, so as to ensure the surface temperature of the silicon steel sheet to be uniform; the low-temperature refrigerating device uniformly coats the shell to ensure that the surface temperature of the shell is uniform; based on the oil temperature change trend at the same position of the insulating oil in the shell is the same.
5. The display device can be drawn the simulated temperature field of experimental apparatus, then draws out actual temperature field according to the data that the sensor received, through the comparison of actual temperature field and simulated temperature field, can adjust the flow rate isoparametric of oil stream equipment and revise, obtains ideal temperature field.
6. Compared with a transformer in actual operation, the device can realize the coupling of an electric field and a temperature field under the condition of lower working current and smaller electric energy loss, and has good simulation effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a winding 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wide range gradient temperature field according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a display screen of the display device of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a winding; 2. a heat generating sheet; 3. silicon steel sheets; 4. a low temperature refrigeration unit; 5. a low-temperature heat insulation layer; 6. a temperature sensor module; 7. a flow rate sensor module; 8. a wire; 9. a high voltage generator; 10. a high temperature controller; 11. a low temperature controller; 12. an oil pressure controller; 13. an oil storage tank; 14. opening and closing a valve; 15. an oil flow conduit; 16. a flow rate controller; 17. grounding; 18. a housing; 19. an experimental container; 20. fixing a bracket; 21. a display device; 22. a main insulating spacer.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The electric-heat combined simulation experiment device of the transformer based on the wide-range gradient temperature field comprises a winding 1, a silicon steel sheet 3, a shell 18, a temperature controller, a high-voltage generator 9 and a display device 21;
the silicon steel sheet 3 is arranged at the center inside the shell 18, and a cavity is formed between the silicon steel sheet 3 and the shell 18 and used for placing insulating oil; an oil flow device communicated with the cavity is arranged on the outer side of the shell 18 and is used for the circular flow of the insulating oil in the cavity; in the embodiment, the silicon steel sheet 3 is fixedly connected to the shell 18 through the fixing bracket 20 and is grounded 17 together with the shell 18; the cavity is the experimental container 19.
The winding 1 is wound on the outer side of the silicon steel sheet 3; a main insulating partition plate 22 is arranged between the silicon steel sheets 3 and the winding 1 and is used for insulating the winding 1 and the silicon steel sheets 3; a heating device is arranged in the center of the silicon steel sheet 3; the outer side of the shell 18 is sequentially coated with a low-temperature refrigerating device 4 and a low-temperature heat insulation layer 5 from inside to outside.
The low temperature thermal insulating layer 5 in this embodiment is composed of three layers to prevent the outward diffusion of cold temperature.
The high voltage generator 9 is electrically connected with the winding 1 through a lead 8, and the high voltage generator 9 is arranged outside the shell 18 and used for boosting the voltage of the winding 1 to a required voltage level; the lead 8 is a communication cable, the part soaked in the oil adopts an oil corrosion resistant outer sleeve, and the part passing through the low-temperature refrigerating device 4 adopts a low-temperature anti-aging outer sleeve.
The temperature controller is arranged outside the shell 18; the temperature controller comprises a low-temperature controller 11 and a high-temperature controller 10, is respectively in signal connection with the low-temperature refrigerating device 4 and the heating device, and is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the low-temperature refrigerating device 4 and the heating device according to the set temperature;
a temperature sensor module 6 and a flow rate sensor module 7 which are in signal connection with the display device 21 are arranged in the cavity and used for monitoring the oil temperature and the oil flow change trend at different positions;
the oil flow device comprises an oil pressure controller 12, an oil storage tank 13, an oil flow pipeline 15 and a flow rate controller 16, wherein redundant insulating oil is stored in the oil storage tank 13; the oil level in the cavity is adjusted by the oil temperature expansion and contraction inside the shell 18 and the oil pressure controller 12; an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively arranged at the central positions of the upper end and the lower end of the shell 18, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet are communicated with the oil storage tank 13 through an oil flow pipeline 15; a flow rate controller 16 is provided on the oil flow pipe 15 for controlling the flow rate of the insulating oil; the oil flow pipeline 15 is provided with a valve switch 14 for controlling the circulation of the insulating oil in the oil flow pipeline 15; the rapid action of the hot and cold temperature fields inside the housing 18 is balanced by the insulating oil circulation function of the oil flow device.
The oil pressure controller 12 is matched with the flow rate controller 16 to prevent the hot oil and the cold oil in the cavity from overshooting the oil temperature and generating large fluctuation.
The inner surfaces of the casing 18, the oil flow pipe 15, and the oil reservoir 13 are smooth and corrosion-resistant, preventing the introduction of impurities through the corrosive action of the oil.
In this embodiment, the oil flow device is turned on by first turning on the valve switch 14 and then turning on the flow rate controller 16, and turned off by turning off the flow rate controller 16 for one minute and then turning off the valve switch 14.
In this embodiment, the heating device is a heating sheet 2; the heating sheet 2 is embedded in the silicon steel sheet 3; the heating sheet 2 is formed by pressing an electric heating wire.
The heating sheet 2 is embedded in the center of the silicon steel sheet 3, and the distance between each edge of the heating sheet 2 and the corresponding edge of the silicon steel sheet 3 is equal to ensure that the temperature of the outer surface of the silicon steel sheet 3 is uniform and consistent.
In the embodiment, the heating sheet 2 and the silicon steel sheet 3 are both rectangular, the long side of the heating sheet 2 is arranged corresponding to the long side of the silicon steel sheet 3, and the short side of the heating sheet 2 is arranged corresponding to the short side of the silicon steel sheet 3; the distance between the long edge of the heating sheet 2 and the corresponding long edge of the silicon steel sheet 3 is equal to the distance between the short edge of the heating sheet 2 and the corresponding short edge of the silicon steel sheet 3.
The high temperature controller 10 controls the temperature generated by the heating sheet 2, the temperature can simulate the corresponding temperature of the transformer under different loads, and the highest temperature can reach the hot spot temperature, wherein the high temperature controller 10 has a PID intelligent adjusting algorithm, can quickly respond to the input temperature and quickly reach the input temperature, reduces the oscillation, and finally can maintain the stability. In the embodiment, the temperature on the silicon steel sheet 3 can reach 120-.
The temperature sensor module 6 and the flow rate sensor module 7 are respectively provided with 10-15 sensors at equal intervals from the silicon steel sheet 3 to the inner surface of the shell 18, and are used for monitoring the oil temperature and the oil flow change trend at different positions. Wherein the temperature sensor module 6 monitors the cooling process by a sensor near the inner surface of the housing.
The low-temperature refrigerating device 4 comprises a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a condenser, accessories and pipelines, and adopts ammonia refrigerant. In the embodiment, a direct cooling mode is adopted, so that the cooling speed is high, the heat transfer temperature difference is small, and the system is simple; the condenser adopts a tubular condenser, the evaporator adopts a cooling liquid type, and the refrigerating machine adopts a compression type refrigerating machine to realize refrigeration cycle. Wherein the lowest temperature of the low-temperature refrigerating device 4 reaches-40 to-50 ℃, and the requirement of outdoor temperature in winter in alpine regions can be met.
The low-temperature thermal insulation layer 5 isolates the low-temperature environment generated by the low-temperature refrigerating device 4 from the outside temperature, so that the low temperature is prevented from diffusing outwards; the low temperature controller 11 controls the set low temperature, and can simulate the low temperature suffered by the transformer shell and the radiating fins in winter in the alpine region.
The winding 1 comprises insulating paper and a copper conductor, and the insulating paper is coated on the outer side of the copper conductor.
In the embodiment, the winding 1 is wound on the outer side of the silicon steel sheet 3 according to the length-width ratio, the insulating paper can be fully soaked in oil immersion, the surface of the copper conductor is smooth, the field intensity concentration phenomenon is avoided, the coated insulating paper is prevented from generating defects, gaps are prevented from being generated between the paper and the paper, a main insulating partition plate 22 for a transformer is arranged between the winding 1 and the silicon steel sheet 3, the high-voltage generator 9 can select different boosting modes to reach the required voltage level, and a uniform electric field is generated in the insulating oil in the shell 18; the housing 18 is common to the high voltage generator 9.
The display device 21 is arranged outside the shell 18 and used for displaying and drawing a simulated temperature field image according to the data collected by the temperature sensor 6 and the flow velocity sensor module 7. In this embodiment, the display device 21 is integrated with COMSOL simulation software, and can perform simulation according to the size of the experimental device, the set values of high and low temperatures, the parameters of the insulating oil and the oil flow rate, and draw a simulated temperature field image; meanwhile, the data of the temperature sensor module 6 and the flow rate sensor module 7 can be transmitted to the display device 21, and an actual temperature field image can be drawn.
The display device 21 compares the actual temperature field with the simulated temperature field, and can correct parameters such as flow rate, high and low temperature set values and the like of the oil flow equipment to obtain an ideal gradual temperature field; when the external sensor is placed inside the experiment housing to perform the experiment, the output is connected to the display device 21, and data can be observed on the display screen of the display device 21.
When the device is started to operate, the shell 18 is filled with insulating oil, the heating sheet 2 is started to heat and the low-temperature refrigerating device 4 is started to refrigerate, the oil flow device is started at a low speed, the temperature field change trend in the shell 18 is observed through the display window of the display device 21 within 5 hours, when the gradient temperature field is stable, the actual temperature field is compared with the simulated temperature field on the display device 21, the error is corrected by adjusting the flow rate of the oil flow device, meanwhile, the voltage generator is started to establish the uniform intensity field to be coupled with the temperature field, and the test is carried out after 1-2 hours.
Note: in the present invention, low temperature means-20 ℃ to-60 ℃; the high temperature is 60-140 ℃; the high voltage is 500kV-1000 kV.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The transformer electric-heat combined simulation experiment device based on the wide-range gradient temperature field is characterized by comprising a winding, a silicon steel sheet, a shell, a temperature controller, a high-voltage generator and a display device;
the silicon steel sheet is arranged in the center of the inside of the shell, and a cavity is formed between the silicon steel sheet and the shell and used for placing insulating oil; an oil flow device communicated with the cavity is arranged outside the shell and used for circulating the insulating oil in the cavity;
the winding is wound on the outer side of the silicon steel sheet; a main insulating partition plate is arranged between the silicon steel sheets and the winding and is used for insulating the winding and the silicon steel sheets; a heating device is arranged in the center of the silicon steel sheet; the outer side of the shell is sequentially coated with a low-temperature refrigerating device and a low-temperature heat insulation layer from inside to outside;
the high-voltage generator is electrically connected with the winding, is arranged outside the shell and is used for boosting the voltage of the winding to a required voltage level;
the temperature controller is arranged outside the shell; the temperature controller comprises a low-temperature controller and a high-temperature controller, is respectively in signal connection with the low-temperature refrigerating device and the heating device, and is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the low-temperature refrigerating device and the heating device according to a set temperature;
a temperature sensor module and a flow rate sensor module which are in signal connection with the display device are arranged in the cavity and used for monitoring the oil temperature and the oil flow change at different positions;
the display device is arranged outside the shell and used for displaying an image for drawing a simulated temperature field according to the data collected by the temperature sensor and the flow velocity sensor module.
2. The experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the oil flow means includes an oil pressure controller, an oil reservoir, an oil flow pipe, and a flow rate controller, and the oil reservoir stores therein an excess of insulating oil; the oil level in the cavity is adjusted by the oil temperature inside the shell expanding with heat and contracting with cold and the oil pressure controller; an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively formed in the center positions of the upper end and the lower end of the shell, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet are communicated with the oil storage tank through the oil flow pipeline; the flow rate controller is arranged on the oil flow pipeline and used for controlling the flow rate of the insulating oil; and the oil flow pipeline is provided with a valve switch for controlling the circulation of the insulating oil in the oil flow pipeline.
3. The experimental device of claim 1, wherein the heating device is a heat generating sheet; the heating sheet is embedded in the silicon steel sheet; the heating sheet is formed by pressing an electric heating wire.
4. The experimental device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heating plate is embedded in the center of the silicon steel plate, and the distance between each edge of the heating plate and the corresponding edge of the silicon steel plate is equal.
5. The experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor module and the flow velocity sensor module are respectively provided with 10-15 sensors at equal intervals from the silicon steel sheet to the inner surface of the shell.
6. The experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature refrigerating device comprises a compressor, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a condenser, accessories and pipelines, and ammonia refrigerant is adopted.
7. The experimental device of claim 1, wherein the winding comprises an insulating paper and a copper conductor, and the insulating paper is coated on the outer side of the copper conductor.
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| CN113092952A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-09 | 河北工业大学 | Experimental device and method for electrical performance of insulating material under large temperature gradient and extremely low temperature |
| CN116593940A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-15 | 安庆师范大学 | Transformer detection device |
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| CN112557900A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 苏州英特模汽车科技有限公司 | Test system of oil-cooled motor stator |
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| CN113092952A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-09 | 河北工业大学 | Experimental device and method for electrical performance of insulating material under large temperature gradient and extremely low temperature |
| CN116593940A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-15 | 安庆师范大学 | Transformer detection device |
| CN116593940B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2024-03-12 | 安庆师范大学 | Transformer detection device |
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