CN111579407A - Vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of material - Google Patents
Vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111579407A CN111579407A CN202010593524.1A CN202010593524A CN111579407A CN 111579407 A CN111579407 A CN 111579407A CN 202010593524 A CN202010593524 A CN 202010593524A CN 111579407 A CN111579407 A CN 111579407A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of a material, which comprises: the base, including a motor, an end cap, a controller, and a cover plate, stirring blade, transmission shaft and ring shape test piece, ring shape test piece fixed mounting is at the upper surface of base, the bottom at the base is installed to the motor, the output fixed connection of transmission shaft and motor, the transmission shaft sets up in the top of base vertically, the transmission shaft sets up with ring shape test piece coaxial, the circumference of transmission shaft is provided with a plurality of stirring blade, ring shape test piece is formed by the circumference combination of the fan-shaped test piece of multiple different materials along ring shape test. The invention can mix debris flow samples with different volume weights and different grain compositions according to the specific overflowing conditions of different practical projects, select different flow rates and overflowing time parameters, simultaneously interact with a plurality of set fan-shaped test pieces, measure the abrasion strength and abrasion loss of the building material, effectively avoid errors of mixing the debris flow samples for multiple times and setting test parameters, and improve the precision of experimental tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of debris flow experiments, in particular to a vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of a material.
Background
The debris flow is a solid-liquid two-phase fluid, contains a large amount of solid matters, has extremely high flow speed and large energy in the flowing process, and often causes abrasive damage to prevention and control projects, including abrasive damage to a drainage groove and abrasive damage to positions such as an overflow port of a sand dam. In particular, collapse and landslide induced by strong shock cause the rapid increase of loose solid matters in the channel, and simultaneously, the action of extreme rainfall causes the aggravation of debris flow activity and the higher destruction capability. On-site investigation shows that most of the bottoms of the drainage grooves built after the earthquake are subjected to overall or local abrasion damage, and the overflow port of the sand dam is also subjected to abrasion damage due to the increase of the overflow, so that the actual service life of the project is obviously shortened, and the risk of a downstream protection area is increased.
At present, some achievements are made for the research on the anti-abrasion property of the building material at home and abroad, but the research and development on the anti-abrasion property of the material in the mud-rock flow disaster prevention and control process and the experimental device for researching the anti-abrasion property are less developed at present, and particularly, the research on the quantification of abrasion is in depth. The existing theories and calculations related to abrasion mostly refer to the research results of a hydropower department on the concrete structure, but the researches mainly focus on the abrasion of the high sand-containing water flow on the concrete structure, are directly used in the debris flow control project and have a little obvious tension. At present, no mature theoretical basis and reference index exist for the research on the abrasion strength and the abrasion quantity of the debris flow with different volume weights, different particle size distributions, different flow rates and different flow time on the building material of the drainage groove, and the research is not beneficial to the anti-abrasion design of the debris flow drainage groove.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of a material, which aims to solve at least one technical problem.
In order to solve the above problems, as an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vertical experimental apparatus for abrasion resistance of a material, including: the device comprises a base, a motor, stirring blades, a transmission shaft and a ring-shaped test piece, wherein the ring-shaped test piece is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base, the motor is installed at the bottom of the base, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor, the transmission shaft is vertically arranged above the base, the transmission shaft and the ring-shaped test piece are coaxially arranged, a plurality of stirring blades are arranged in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft, and the ring-shaped test piece is formed by combining fan-shaped test pieces made of various different materials along the circumferential direction of the ring-shaped test piece.
Preferably, the base includes a leg and a bottom plate mounted at an upper end of the leg.
Preferably, the annular test piece is connected with the bottom plate through a bolt.
Preferably, the motor is a variable frequency motor with adjustable speed.
Preferably, the annular test piece is directly cast on the bottom plate by a formwork so as to be connected with the bottom plate.
Preferably, the number of the stirring blades is three or four.
Preferably, the included angle between two adjacent stirring blades is 90 degrees or 120 degrees, the distance from the bottom end of each stirring blade to the bottom plate is 0.1-0.2 times of the height of each stirring blade, and the length of each stirring blade is 0.6-0.8 times of the inner circle radius of the annular test piece.
Preferably, the effective test height of the annular test piece is 0.5-0.8 times of the height of the side wall of the annular test piece.
By adopting the technical scheme, debris flow samples with different volume weights and different particle size distributions can be proportioned according to specific overflowing conditions of different practical projects, different flow rates and overflowing time parameters are selected, and the debris flow samples interact with a plurality of set fan-shaped test pieces simultaneously to measure the abrasion strength and abrasion amount of building materials, so that errors caused by proportioning the debris flow samples for multiple times and setting test parameters can be effectively avoided, the precision of experimental tests is improved, the debris flow drainage groove has the characteristics of simple structure, high experimental test efficiency and strong operability, and obvious reference values are designed for the stability and durability of the debris flow drainage groove.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a vertical experimental apparatus for refining abrasion resistance of a material;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hollow cylindrical specimen and a stirring blade;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the vertical experimental apparatus for abrasion resistance and refinement of building materials.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a base; 2. a motor; 3. a stirring blade; 4. a drive shaft; 5. a circular test piece; 6. a support leg; 7. a base plate; 8. and (4) sector test pieces.
Wherein:
excircle radius of R1 concentric circular test piece R2 concentric circular test piece inner circle radius
D test piece thickness H testing arrangement lateral wall height
H effective test section height W device bottom plate thickness
L mixing blade length
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be practiced in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
One aspect of the invention provides a vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of materials, which can be used for simultaneously manufacturing concentric annular test pieces aiming at various different materials, quantitatively testing the abrasion resistance of the materials under the conditions of different volume weights, different particle grading, different flow rates and different overflowing time, effectively avoiding errors caused by proportioning debris flow samples for multiple times and setting test parameters, and improving the precision of experimental tests.
The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of the material comprises: the device comprises a base 1, a motor 2, stirring blades 3, a transmission shaft 4 and a circular ring-shaped test piece 5, wherein the circular ring-shaped test piece 5 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1, the motor 2 is installed at the bottom of the base 1, the transmission shaft 4 is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor 2, the transmission shaft 4 is vertically arranged above the base 1, the transmission shaft 4 and the circular ring-shaped test piece 5 are coaxially arranged, a plurality of stirring blades 3 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft 4, the circular ring-shaped test piece 5 is formed by combining fan-shaped test pieces 8 made of a plurality of different materials along the circumferential direction of the circular ring-shaped test piece 5, for example, in one embodiment, the circular ring-shaped test piece 5 is formed by combining the fan-shaped test pieces 8 made of four different materials, and the fan-shaped test pieces 8 are respectively made of C25 concrete, C25 concrete, to simulate different materials. Preferably, the motor 2 is a variable frequency motor with adjustable speed, so that the stirring speed can be conveniently adjusted.
Preferably, the base 1 includes legs 6 and a bottom plate 7 mounted on the upper ends of the legs 6.
In one embodiment, the ring specimen 5 is preferably connected to the base plate 7 by bolts. In another embodiment, the ring specimen 5 is preferably cast directly on the base plate 7 to be connected to the base plate 7.
Preferably, the number of the stirring blades 3 is three or four. Preferably, the included angle between two adjacent stirring blades 3 is 90 ° or 120 °, the distance from the bottom end of the stirring blade 3 to the bottom plate 7 is 0.1-0.2 times the height of the stirring blade 3, and the length of the stirring blade 3 is 0.6-0.8 times the inner circle radius R2 of the circular test piece 5.
Preferably, the effective test height of the circular ring-shaped test piece 5 is 0.5-0.8 times the height of the side wall of the circular ring-shaped test piece 5. For example, the outer circle radius of the circular ring-shaped test piece 5 is R1, the inner circle radius is R2, the thickness of the test piece is D, (R1-R2), and the effective test segment height H is (0.5-0.8) H.
In a specific embodiment, the base 1 is a frame structure formed by four legs 6 and a circular bottom plate 7, the radius of the bottom plate 7 is 70cm, the radius of the bottom plate 7 is R1, the height of the side wall is 60cm, and the bottom plate can be directly fixed on the ground; the motor 2 is positioned below the bottom plate and connected with the transmission shaft, and the motor 2 has a speed regulation function, drives the blades to rotate during operation, and stirs the debris flow slurry to enable the slurry to have a certain speed; the stirring blades 3 are vertically fixed on the transmission shaft, the included angle between the blades is 120 degrees, the height of the stirring blades is 0.8 times of the height of the side wall of 48cm, the distance between the blades and the bottom plate is 0.1 times of the height of the side wall of 6cm, and the length R2 of the stirring blades is 40 cm; the transmission shaft 4 passes through the center of the bottom plate, and the axis of the transmission shaft is superposed with the central axis of the concentric annular test piece; the concentric annular test piece 5 is fixed on the side wall by bolts, the thickness of the test piece is 20cm, and the height of an effective test section is h equal to 48 cm; the sector test piece 8 is composed of C25 concrete, C25 concrete and steel fiber, C30 concrete, C30 concrete and steel fiber, and is arranged clockwise, and the specific experimental operation steps are as follows:
(1) the annular test piece 5 can be poured and maintained in a test device in a formwork mode at the same time, before testing, the same annular test piece 5 is soaked to a saturated state, weighing and recording are carried out, and then the test pieces are fixed on the side wall according to a certain sequence;
(2) the mud-rock flow slurry which is prepared according to volume weight, particle size distribution and the like is put into a cavity which is surrounded by a circular test piece 5 and a base 1 in the testing device;
(3) the motor 2 has the speed regulation function, and drives the stirring blade 3 to rotate when in work, so as to stir the slurry of the debris flow and ensure that the slurry has a certain speed. The rotating speed is changed by adjusting the frequency of the motor 2, so that the slurry of the debris flow reaches a set speed value, and when the test piece reaches the overcurrent time, the motor 2 is closed;
(4) the ring-shaped test piece 5 is taken out, rinsed clean and weighed. Then, the abrasion resistance coefficient of the material under the condition of debris flow overflowing can be obtained through calculation.
On the basis, the abrasion resistance of the material under different debris flow overflowing conditions can be obtained by manufacturing concentric ring-shaped test pieces again, proportioning debris flow slurries of different types and controlling different debris flow overflowing times.
By adopting the technical scheme, debris flow samples with different volume weights and different particle compositions can be proportioned according to different actual engineering conditions, different flow rates and overflowing time parameters are selected, and the abrasion strength and abrasion quantity of the building material are measured by interacting with the multiple set fan-shaped test pieces 8, so that errors caused by proportioning the debris flow samples for multiple times and setting test parameters can be effectively avoided, the precision of experimental tests is improved, the debris flow drainage groove has the characteristics of simple structure, high experimental test efficiency and strong operability, and the debris flow drainage groove has obvious reference values for the stability and durability design.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a vertical experimental apparatus of abrasion resistance of material which characterized in that includes: base (1), motor (2), stirring vane (3), transmission shaft (4) and ring shape test piece (5), ring shape test piece (5) fixed mounting be in the upper surface of base (1), install motor (2) the bottom of base (1), transmission shaft (4) with the output fixed connection of motor (2), transmission shaft (4) set up vertically in the top of base (1), transmission shaft (4) with ring shape test piece (5) set up coaxially, the circumference of transmission shaft (4) is provided with a plurality ofly stirring vane (3), ring shape test piece (5) are followed by fan-shaped test piece (8) of multiple different materials the circumference of ring shape test piece (5) combines to form.
2. The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base (1) comprises a supporting leg (6) and a bottom plate (7) mounted at the upper end of the supporting leg (6).
3. The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of materials as claimed in claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the annular test piece (5) is connected with the bottom plate (7) through a bolt.
4. The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor (2) is a variable frequency motor with adjustable speed.
5. The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of materials as claimed in claim 2, wherein the annular test piece (5) is directly cast on the bottom plate (7) so as to be connected with the bottom plate (7).
6. The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the stirring blades (3) is three or four.
7. The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of materials as claimed in claim 2, wherein the included angle between two adjacent stirring blades (3) is 90 ° or 120 °, the distance from the bottom end of the stirring blade (3) to the bottom plate (7) is 0.1-0.2 times the height of the stirring blade (3), and the length of the stirring blade (3) is 0.6-0.8 times the inner circle radius of the circular ring-shaped test piece (5).
8. The vertical experimental device for the abrasion resistance of materials as claimed in claim 2, wherein the effective test height of the annular test piece (5) is 0.5-0.8 times the height of the side wall of the annular test piece (5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010593524.1A CN111579407A (en) | 2020-06-27 | 2020-06-27 | Vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010593524.1A CN111579407A (en) | 2020-06-27 | 2020-06-27 | Vertical experimental device for abrasion resistance of material |
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