CN111574570A - Comprehensive utilization method of cordyceps militaris culture residues - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method of cordyceps militaris culture residues Download PDFInfo
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- 241001264174 Cordyceps militaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- KQLDDLUWUFBQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cordycepin Natural products C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1OCC(CO)C1O KQLDDLUWUFBQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OFEZSBMBBKLLBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cordycepine Natural products C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1OC(CO)CC1O OFEZSBMBBKLLBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OFEZSBMBBKLLBJ-BAJZRUMYSA-N cordycepin Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)C[C@H]1O OFEZSBMBBKLLBJ-BAJZRUMYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000190633 Cordyceps Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000186866 Lactobacillus thermophilus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010563 solid-state fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 cordycepin polysaccharide Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000235349 Ascomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
- C07H1/08—Separation; Purification from natural products
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Abstract
一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法。本发明属于蛹虫草培养领域。本发明的目的在于解决目前蛹虫草培养残基的废弃造成资源浪费和环境污染，以及蛹虫草培养残基利用效率低的技术问题。本发明的蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法经乙醇提取后，滤液用于提取虫草素和虫草多糖，滤渣经发酵后制备成蛋白饲料。通过该综合利用工艺在避免虫草资源浪费，减少环境污染，提高蛹虫草培养残基利用效率的同时也可充分获得蛹虫草培养残基中最具实用价值的物质，为对蛹虫草培养残基的充分合理利用提供可工业化的工艺研究基础。A comprehensive utilization method of Cordyceps militaris culture residues. The invention belongs to the field of Cordyceps militaris cultivation. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by the discarding of the current Cordyceps militaris culture residues, and the low utilization efficiency of the Cordyceps militaris culture residues. After the comprehensive utilization method of the culture residue of Cordyceps militaris of the present invention is extracted with ethanol, the filtrate is used to extract cordycepin and cordycepin polysaccharide, and the filter residue is fermented to prepare protein feed. Through the comprehensive utilization process, the waste of Cordyceps militaris resources can be avoided, environmental pollution can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of Cordyceps militaris culture residues can be improved. Fully and rationally use it to provide an industrialized process research basis.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于蛹虫草培养领域，具体涉及一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法。The invention belongs to the field of Cordyceps militaris cultivation, and in particular relates to a comprehensive utilization method of Cordyceps militaris cultivation residues.
背景技术Background technique
蛹虫草，又名北冬虫夏草，属于子囊菌纲、麦角菌目、麦角菌科、虫草属真菌。天然的冬虫夏草资源稀缺，价格较昂贵，而蛹虫草因为和冬虫夏草具有相似的化学性能和药用价值，所以被普遍认为可替代冬虫夏草而用于各行各业。目前蛹虫草己实现了大规模人工栽培，主要采用固体培养模式，即将蛹虫草菌种接种到大米或小麦等固体培养基上，待蛹虫草子实体采收后应用。人工栽培蛹虫草资源的研究与其利用的开发在近几十年取得了很大进展，但随着蛹虫草人工培养规模的不断增大，蛹虫草的社会需求量不断增加，就会出现蛹虫草培养残基的大量产生和废弃的问题。Cordyceps militaris, also known as Cordyceps militaris, belongs to Ascomycetes, Ergotia, Ergotaceae, and Cordyceps. Natural Cordyceps sinensis resources are scarce and expensive, and Cordyceps militaris has similar chemical properties and medicinal values to Cordyceps sinensis, so it is generally considered to be a substitute for Cordyceps sinensis and used in all walks of life. At present, Cordyceps militaris has been artificially cultivated on a large scale, mainly using a solid culture mode, that is, inoculating the Cordyceps militaris strain on a solid medium such as rice or wheat, and applying it after the fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris are harvested. The research on artificially cultivated Cordyceps militaris resources and the development of its utilization have made great progress in recent decades. However, with the continuous increase of the scale of artificial cultivation of Cordyceps militaris, the social demand for Cordyceps militaris continues to increase, and the culture of Cordyceps militaris will appear. The problem of mass generation and abandonment of residues.
当蛹虫草子实体采收后，培养残基中仍含有大量的菌丝体和营养成分，据报道，蛹虫草固体培养残基中还含有一定量的虫草素，且其总糖、蛋白质及虫草多糖可分别高达21.93％、10％和12.86％，此外培养残基中还含有生物碱、萜类化合物、甾醇、苷类、酚类、酶、维生素等有效成分。培养残基的废弃不仅可造成虫草资源的浪费，而且也会对环境造成威胁。所以蛹虫草培养残基的深入研究与开发利用就具有深远的意义。After the fruiting body of Cordyceps militaris is harvested, the culture residue still contains a large amount of mycelium and nutrients. According to reports, the solid culture residue of Cordyceps militaris also contains a certain amount of cordycepin, and its total sugar, protein and The polysaccharides can be as high as 21.93%, 10% and 12.86% respectively, and the culture residue also contains alkaloids, terpenoids, sterols, glycosides, phenols, enzymes, vitamins and other active ingredients. Discarding the culture residues not only leads to waste of Cordyceps resources, but also poses a threat to the environment. Therefore, the in-depth research, development and utilization of the residues of Cordyceps militaris culture has far-reaching significance.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于解决目前蛹虫草培养残基的废弃造成资源浪费和环境污染，以及蛹虫草培养残基利用效率低的技术问题，而提供了一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法，通过该综合利用工艺在避免虫草资源浪费，减少环境污染，提高蛹虫草培养残基利用效率的同时也可充分获得蛹虫草培养残基中最具实用价值的物质，为对蛹虫草培养残基的充分合理利用提供可工业化的工艺研究基础。The object of the present invention is to solve the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by the waste of the current Cordyceps militaris culture residue, and the technical problem that the utilization efficiency of the Cordyceps militaris culture residue is low, and provides a comprehensive utilization method of the Cordyceps militaris culture residue, by The comprehensive utilization process can avoid waste of Cordyceps militaris resources, reduce environmental pollution, improve the utilization efficiency of Cordyceps militaris culture residues, and at the same time fully obtain the most practical substances in the Cordyceps militaris culture residues. Rational utilization provides an industrialized technological research basis.
本发明的一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法按以下步骤进行：The comprehensive utilization method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
一、提取：将蛹虫草培养残基进行干燥，干燥后采用提取剂进行浸泡提取20h～24h，分离得到提取液和残渣；1. Extraction: drying the culture residue of Cordyceps militaris, soaking and extracting with an extractant for 20h to 24h after drying, and separating the extract and the residue;
二、浓缩：将步骤一得到的提取液进行减压浓缩，得到浓缩液；2. Concentration: the extract obtained in step 1 is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrated solution;
三、纯化：向步骤二得到的浓缩液中加入乙醇，混合均匀后静置3h～5h，静置后进行离心分离，得到上清液和沉淀，将上清液减压浓缩后经离子交换树脂柱除杂后，再进行减压浓缩，得到虫草素浓缩液；3. Purification: Add ethanol to the concentrated solution obtained in step 2, mix evenly, and let stand for 3h to 5h. After standing, centrifuge to obtain a supernatant and a precipitate. The supernatant is concentrated under reduced pressure and passed through an ion-exchange resin. After removing impurities from the column, then concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain cordycepin concentrate;
四、萃取：将步骤三得到的虫草素浓缩液用乙酸乙酯萃取5～10次，萃取后对乙酸乙酯层进行减压浓缩至得到固体物质；4. Extraction: the cordycepin concentrate obtained in step 3 is extracted with ethyl acetate for 5 to 10 times, and after extraction, the ethyl acetate layer is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a solid substance;
五、重结晶：将步骤四得到的固体物质溶解于乙醇中，然后进行低温重结晶，得到的晶体干燥后，得到虫草素。5. Recrystallization: the solid substance obtained in step 4 is dissolved in ethanol, and then recrystallized at low temperature, and the obtained crystal is dried to obtain cordycepin.
进一步限定，步骤一中所述干燥为自然风干。Further limited, the drying described in step 1 is natural air-drying.
进一步限定，步骤一中所述提取剂为乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液。Further limited, the extracting agent in step 1 is a mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid.
进一步限定，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙醇的质量浓度为10％～20％，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙酸的质量浓度为0.5％～2％。Further limited, the mass concentration of ethanol in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 10%-20%, and the mass concentration of acetic acid in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 0.5%-2%.
进一步限定，步骤二中所述减压浓缩参数：压强为0.1MPa，温度为60～80℃，浓缩至原体积的5％～15％。It is further limited that the parameters for concentration under reduced pressure in step 2: the pressure is 0.1 MPa, the temperature is 60-80° C., and the concentration is 5%-15% of the original volume.
进一步限定，步骤三中所述离心分离参数：搅拌速度为4000rpm～6000rpm，时间为15min～25min。Further limited, the centrifugal separation parameters described in step 3: the stirring speed is 4000rpm～6000rpm, and the time is 15min～25min.
进一步限定，步骤三中乙醇与步骤二得到的浓缩液的体积比为(3～5):1。Further limit, in step 3, the volume ratio of the concentrated solution obtained by ethanol and step 2 is (3～5):1.
进一步限定，步骤三中减压浓缩后上清液经离子交换树脂柱除杂过程为：先用水淋洗离子交换树脂柱，然后以3mL/min的速率加入减压浓缩后的上清液，再以3mL/min的速率用水淋洗180min～220min，然后用质量浓度为0.5％的盐酸水溶液以3mL/min的速率洗脱，调节洗脱液pH至中性。Further limiting, in step 3, the supernatant after the concentration under reduced pressure is subjected to the ion exchange resin column to remove impurities as follows: first, the ion exchange resin column is rinsed with water, and then the supernatant after concentration under reduced pressure is added at a rate of 3 mL/min, and then the ion exchange resin column is rinsed with water. Rinse with water at a rate of 3mL/min for 180min-220min, and then use 0.5% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to elute at a rate of 3mL/min, and adjust the pH of the eluent to neutrality.
进一步限定，步骤三中所述离子交换树脂柱为活化好的D113弱阳离子型大孔树脂柱。It is further limited that the ion exchange resin column in step 3 is an activated D113 weakly cationic macroporous resin column.
进一步限定，步骤三中所述两次减压浓缩参数均为：压强为0.1MPa，温度为60～80℃。It is further limited that the parameters of the two times of decompression concentration in step 3 are: the pressure is 0.1 MPa, and the temperature is 60-80 °C.
进一步限定，步骤四中所述减压浓缩参数：压强为0.1MPa，温度为30～40℃。It is further limited that the parameters for concentration under reduced pressure in step 4: the pressure is 0.1 MPa, and the temperature is 30-40°C.
进一步限定，步骤五中所述低温重结晶的温度为-10℃～4℃。Further limited, the temperature of the low-temperature recrystallization in step 5 is -10°C to 4°C.
本发明的一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法按以下步骤进行：The comprehensive utilization method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
一、提取：将蛹虫草培养残基进行干燥，干燥后采用提取剂进行浸泡提取20h～24h，分离得到提取液和残渣；1. Extraction: drying the culture residue of Cordyceps militaris, soaking and extracting with an extractant for 20h to 24h after drying, and separating the extract and the residue;
二、浓缩：将步骤一得到的提取液进行减压浓缩，得到浓缩液；2. Concentration: the extract obtained in step 1 is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrated solution;
三、纯化：向步骤二得到的浓缩液中加入乙醇，混合均匀后静置3h～5h，静置后进行离心分离，得到上清液和沉淀，将沉淀溶于水，过滤后对滤液进行干燥，得到虫草多糖。3. Purification: Add ethanol to the concentrated solution obtained in step 2, mix evenly and let stand for 3h to 5h, and carry out centrifugal separation after standing to obtain supernatant and precipitate, dissolve the precipitate in water, filter and dry the filtrate , to obtain Cordyceps polysaccharide.
进一步限定，步骤一中所述干燥为自然风干。Further limited, the drying described in step 1 is natural air-drying.
进一步限定，步骤一中所述提取剂为乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液。Further limited, the extracting agent in step 1 is a mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid.
进一步限定，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙醇的质量浓度为10％～20％，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙酸的质量浓度为0.5％～2％。Further limited, the mass concentration of ethanol in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 10%-20%, and the mass concentration of acetic acid in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 0.5%-2%.
进一步限定，步骤二中所述减压浓缩参数：压强为0.1MPa，温度为60～80℃，浓缩至原体积的5％～15％。It is further limited that the parameters for concentration under reduced pressure in step 2: the pressure is 0.1 MPa, the temperature is 60-80° C., and the concentration is 5%-15% of the original volume.
进一步限定，步骤三中所述离心分离参数：搅拌速度为4000rpm～6000rpm，时间为15min～25min。Further limited, the centrifugal separation parameters described in step 3: the stirring speed is 4000rpm～6000rpm, and the time is 15min～25min.
进一步限定，步骤三中乙醇与步骤二得到的浓缩液的体积比为(3～5):1。Further limit, in step 3, the volume ratio of the concentrated solution obtained by ethanol and step 2 is (3～5):1.
进一步限定，步骤三中所述干燥为喷雾干燥。Further limited, the drying described in step 3 is spray drying.
本发明的一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法按以下步骤进行：The comprehensive utilization method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
一、提取：将蛹虫草培养残基进行干燥，干燥后采用提取剂进行浸泡提取20h～24h，分离得到提取液和残渣；1. Extraction: drying the culture residue of Cordyceps militaris, soaking and extracting with an extractant for 20h to 24h after drying, and separating the extract and the residue;
二、将步骤一得到的残渣，接入菌株进行固态发酵，干燥，粉碎后，得到蛋白饲料。2. The residue obtained in step 1 is inserted into a bacterial strain for solid-state fermentation, dried and pulverized to obtain protein feed.
进一步限定，步骤一中所述干燥为自然风干。Further limited, the drying described in step 1 is natural air-drying.
进一步限定，步骤一中所述提取剂为乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液。Further limited, the extracting agent in step 1 is a mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid.
进一步限定，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙醇的质量浓度为10％～20％，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙酸的质量浓度为0.5％～2％。Further limited, the mass concentration of ethanol in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 10%-20%, and the mass concentration of acetic acid in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 0.5%-2%.
进一步限定，步骤二中所述菌株为OD600为1的嗜热性乳杆菌。Further limited, the strain described in step 2 is Lactobacillus thermophilus with an OD 600 of 1.
进一步限定，步骤二中所述干燥为置于转筒干燥器中进行。Further limited, the drying in step 2 is performed in a rotary drum dryer.
本发明与现有技术相比具有的显著效果，具体如下：The remarkable effect that the present invention has compared with the prior art is as follows:
1)通过本发明所述的综合利用工艺获得的虫草素和虫草素多糖，不仅提取成本低，纯度高，而且可用于科学研究用标准品、保健品行业和医药行业。1) The cordycepin and cordycepin polysaccharide obtained by the comprehensive utilization process of the present invention not only has low extraction cost and high purity, but also can be used in standard products for scientific research, health care product industry and pharmaceutical industry.
2)通过本发明所述的综合利用工艺获得的蛋白饲料，蛋白含量高，钙磷丰富，利于饲养动物的吸收利用，可大量用于各类配合饲料的生产中。2) The protein feed obtained by the comprehensive utilization process of the present invention has high protein content and rich calcium and phosphorus, which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of feeding animals, and can be widely used in the production of various compound feeds.
3)通过本发明所述的蛹虫草培养残基综合利用工艺，不仅可以在避免虫草资源浪费，还可以避免蛹虫草培养残基直接废弃所造成的环境污染。3) Through the comprehensive utilization process of the Cordyceps militaris culture residues of the present invention, not only the waste of Cordyceps militaris resources can be avoided, but also the environmental pollution caused by the direct disposal of the Cordyceps militaris culture residues can be avoided.
4)通过本发明所述的蛹虫草培养残基综合利用工艺，实现了蛹虫草培养残基充分的利用，该工艺实施性强，成本低，为蛹虫草培养残基的工业化应用提供工艺基础和实现路径。4) through the comprehensive utilization process of the cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present invention, the full utilization of the cordyceps militaris culture residue is realized, the process is strong in implementation, and the cost is low, and the industrial application of the cordyceps militaris culture residue provides a technological basis and Realize.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：本实施方式的一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法按以下步骤进行：Specific embodiment one: the comprehensive utilization method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
一、提取：将蛹虫草培养残基置于阴凉处，自然风干，干燥后采用10L乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液对1kg干燥后原料浸泡提取24h，分离得到提取液和残渣；其中所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙醇的质量浓度为10％，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙酸的质量浓度为1％；1. Extraction: The culture residue of Cordyceps militaris is placed in a cool and cool place, air-dried naturally, and after drying, a mixed aqueous solution of 10L of ethanol and acetic acid is used to soak and extract 1kg of the dried raw material for 24h, and the extract and the residue are obtained by separation; wherein the ethanol and acetic acid are obtained. The mass concentration of ethanol in the mixed aqueous solution is 10%, and the mass concentration of acetic acid in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 1%;
二、浓缩：将步骤一得到的提取液加入圆底烧瓶中，将烧瓶接入旋转蒸发仪，在1MPa和水浴温度为70℃下进行减压浓缩，得到500mL的浓缩液；2. Concentration: add the extract obtained in step 1 into a round-bottomed flask, connect the flask to a rotary evaporator, and concentrate under reduced pressure at 1MPa and a water bath temperature of 70°C to obtain 500 mL of concentrated solution;
三、纯化：向步骤二得到的浓缩液中加入1.5L浓度为95％的乙醇，混合均匀后静置4h，静置后于500rpm下离心分离20min，得到上清液和沉淀，将上清液在1MPa和水浴温度为70℃下进行减压浓缩，得到300mL的浓缩液，经填充了活化好的D113弱阳离子型大孔树脂的离子交换树脂柱除杂后，再于1MPa和水浴温度为70℃下进行减压浓缩，得到100mL的虫草素浓缩液；其中所述离子交换树脂柱除杂过程为：先用200mL的水淋洗离子交换树脂柱，然后以3mL/min的速率加入300mL减压浓缩后的上清液，再以3mL/min的速率用600mL水淋洗200min，然后用300mL质量浓度为0.5％的盐酸水溶液以3mL/min的速率洗脱，用1％的氢氧化钠溶液调节洗脱液pH至中性；3. Purification: Add 1.5L of 95% ethanol to the concentrated solution obtained in step 2, mix evenly, and let stand for 4 hours. After standing, centrifuge at 500 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain supernatant and precipitate. Concentrate under reduced pressure at 1 MPa and a water bath temperature of 70 °C to obtain 300 mL of concentrated solution. Concentrate under reduced pressure at ℃ to obtain 100 mL of cordycepin concentrate; wherein the ion-exchange resin column impurity removal process is: first rinse the ion-exchange resin column with 200 mL of water, then add 300 mL of decompression at a rate of 3 mL/min The concentrated supernatant was rinsed with 600 mL of water at a rate of 3 mL/min for 200 min, and then eluted with 300 mL of aqueous hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 0.5% at a rate of 3 mL/min, adjusted with 1% of sodium hydroxide solution. eluent pH to neutral;
四、萃取：将步骤三得到的虫草素浓缩液用300mL乙酸乙酯萃取5次，萃取后对乙酸乙酯层在1MPa和水浴温度为35℃下进行减压浓缩，得到固体物质；4. Extraction: the cordycepin concentrate obtained in step 3 was extracted 5 times with 300 mL of ethyl acetate, and after the extraction, the ethyl acetate layer was concentrated under reduced pressure at 1 MPa and a water bath temperature of 35 ° C to obtain a solid substance;
五、重结晶：将步骤四得到的固体物质溶解于100mL乙醇中，然后于-10℃下进行低温重结晶，得到的晶体干燥后，得到虫草素。5. Recrystallization: Dissolve the solid substance obtained in step 4 in 100 mL of ethanol, then perform low-temperature recrystallization at -10° C., and obtain cordycepin after the obtained crystals are dried.
具体实施方式二：本实施方式的一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法按以下步骤进行：Specific embodiment two: the comprehensive utilization method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
一、提取：将蛹虫草培养残基置于阴凉处，自然风干，干燥后采用10L乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液对1kg干燥后原料浸泡提取24h，分离得到提取液和残渣；其中所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙醇的质量浓度为20％，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙酸的质量浓度为2％；1. Extraction: The culture residue of Cordyceps militaris is placed in a cool and cool place, air-dried naturally, and after drying, a mixed aqueous solution of 10L of ethanol and acetic acid is used to soak and extract 1kg of the dried raw material for 24h, and the extract and the residue are obtained by separation; wherein the ethanol and acetic acid are obtained. The mass concentration of ethanol in the mixed aqueous solution is 20%, and the mass concentration of acetic acid in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 2%;
二、浓缩：将步骤一得到的提取液加入圆底烧瓶中，将烧瓶接入旋转蒸发仪，在1MPa和水浴温度为70℃下进行减压浓缩，得到400mL的浓缩液；2. Concentration: add the extract obtained in step 1 into a round-bottomed flask, connect the flask to a rotary evaporator, and concentrate under reduced pressure at 1 MPa and a water bath temperature of 70 ° C to obtain 400 mL of concentrated solution;
三、纯化：向步骤二得到的浓缩液中加入2.0L浓度为95％的乙醇，混合均匀后静置4h，静置后于500rpm下离心分离20min，得到上清液和沉淀，将上清液在1MPa和水浴温度为70℃下进行减压浓缩，得到300mL的浓缩液，经填充了活化好的D113弱阳离子型大孔树脂的离子交换树脂柱除杂后，再于1MPa和水浴温度为70℃下进行减压浓缩，得到100mL的虫草素浓缩液；其中所述离子交换树脂柱除杂过程为：先用200mL的水淋洗离子交换树脂柱，然后以3mL/min的速率加入300mL减压浓缩后的上清液，再以3mL/min的速率用600mL水淋洗200min，然后用300mL质量浓度为0.5％的盐酸水溶液以3mL/min的速率洗脱，用1％的氢氧化钠溶液调节洗脱液pH至中性；3. Purification: Add 2.0L of 95% ethanol to the concentrated solution obtained in step 2, mix well and let stand for 4 hours. After standing, centrifuge at 500 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain supernatant and precipitate. Concentrate under reduced pressure at 1 MPa and a water bath temperature of 70 °C to obtain 300 mL of concentrated solution. Concentrate under reduced pressure at ℃ to obtain 100 mL of cordycepin concentrate; wherein the ion-exchange resin column impurity removal process is: first rinse the ion-exchange resin column with 200 mL of water, then add 300 mL of decompression at a rate of 3 mL/min The concentrated supernatant was rinsed with 600 mL of water for 200 min at a rate of 3 mL/min, and then eluted with 300 mL of aqueous hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 0.5% at a rate of 3 mL/min, adjusted with 1% of sodium hydroxide solution. eluent pH to neutral;
四、萃取：将步骤三得到的虫草素浓缩液用300mL乙酸乙酯萃取10次，萃取后对乙酸乙酯层在1MPa和水浴温度为35℃下进行减压浓缩，得到固体物质；4. Extraction: The cordycepin concentrate obtained in step 3 was extracted 10 times with 300 mL of ethyl acetate, and after the extraction, the ethyl acetate layer was concentrated under reduced pressure at 1 MPa and a water bath temperature of 35 ° C to obtain a solid substance;
五、重结晶：将步骤四得到的固体物质溶解于100mL乙醇中，然后于4℃下进行低温重结晶，得到的晶体干燥后，得到虫草素。5. Recrystallization: Dissolve the solid substance obtained in step 4 in 100 mL of ethanol, then perform low-temperature recrystallization at 4° C., and obtain cordycepin after the obtained crystals are dried.
具体实施方式三：本实施方式的一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法按以下步骤进行：Specific embodiment three: the comprehensive utilization method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
一、提取：将蛹虫草培养残基置于阴凉处，自然风干，干燥后采用10L乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液对1kg干燥后原料浸泡提取24h，分离得到提取液和残渣；其中所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙醇的质量浓度为10％，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙酸的质量浓度为1％；1. Extraction: The culture residue of Cordyceps militaris is placed in a cool and cool place, air-dried naturally, and after drying, a mixed aqueous solution of 10L of ethanol and acetic acid is used to soak and extract 1kg of the dried raw material for 24h, and the extract and the residue are obtained by separation; wherein the ethanol and acetic acid are obtained. The mass concentration of ethanol in the mixed aqueous solution is 10%, and the mass concentration of acetic acid in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 1%;
二、浓缩：将步骤一得到的提取液加入圆底烧瓶中，将烧瓶接入旋转蒸发仪，在1MPa和水浴温度为70℃下进行减压浓缩，得到500mL的浓缩液；2. Concentration: add the extract obtained in step 1 into a round-bottomed flask, connect the flask to a rotary evaporator, and concentrate under reduced pressure at 1MPa and a water bath temperature of 70°C to obtain 500 mL of concentrated solution;
三、纯化：向步骤二得到的浓缩液中加入1.5L浓度为95％的乙醇，混合均匀后静置4h，静置后于500rpm下离心分离20min，得到上清液和沉淀，将沉淀溶于水，过滤后对滤液进行喷雾干燥至水分完全去除，得到虫草多糖。3. Purification: Add 1.5L of 95% ethanol to the concentrated solution obtained in step 2, mix evenly, and let stand for 4 hours. After standing, centrifuge at 500 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain supernatant and precipitate. water, and after filtration, spray-drying the filtrate until the water is completely removed to obtain Cordyceps polysaccharide.
具体实施方式四：本实施方式的一种蛹虫草培养残基的综合利用方法按以下步骤进行：Specific embodiment four: the comprehensive utilization method of a kind of Cordyceps militaris culture residue of the present embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
一、提取：将蛹虫草培养残基置于阴凉处，自然风干，干燥后采用10L乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液对1kg干燥后原料浸泡提取24h，分离得到提取液和残渣；其中所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙醇的质量浓度为10％，所述乙醇和乙酸的混合水溶液中乙酸的质量浓度为1％；1. Extraction: The culture residue of Cordyceps militaris is placed in a cool and cool place, air-dried naturally, and after drying, a mixed aqueous solution of 10L of ethanol and acetic acid is used to soak and extract 1kg of the dried raw material for 24h, and the extract and the residue are obtained by separation; wherein the ethanol and acetic acid are obtained. The mass concentration of ethanol in the mixed aqueous solution is 10%, and the mass concentration of acetic acid in the mixed aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is 1%;
二、将步骤一得到的残渣，接入10mL的OD600为1的嗜热性乳杆菌菌株进行固态发酵5天，经转筒干燥器干燥后，粉碎，得到蛋白饲料。2. The residue obtained in step 1 is inserted into 10 mL of a Lactobacillus thermophilus strain with an OD 600 of 1 for solid-state fermentation for 5 days, dried in a tumble dryer, and pulverized to obtain protein feed.
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| CN112438999A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-05 | 广东省科学院动物研究所 | Application of cordyceps sinensis extract in preparation of medicine for promoting angiogenesis and/or medicine for treating ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases |
| WO2021227597A1 (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-11-18 | 广东省科学院动物研究所 | Use for cordyceps sinensis extract in preparing drug for promoting angiogenesis and/or treating ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases |
| CN114451490A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Application of Cordyceps militaris residue in improving the quality of alfalfa silage |
| CN114990183A (en) * | 2022-06-11 | 2022-09-02 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of method for preparing cordycepin and blood pressure lowering peptide based on fruiting body of rice Cordyceps militaris |
| CN114990183B (en) * | 2022-06-11 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for preparing cordycepin and antihypertensive peptide based on rice cordyceps militaris fruiting body |
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