CN111567683A - Fish feed additive for improving antioxidant function - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fish feed additive for improving an antioxidant function, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The main active ingredient fibrauretine in the traditional Chinese medicinal material fibraurea recisa pierre in China is used as one of the feed antioxidant ingredients, and vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid are added to prepare the compound antioxidant, wherein the weight percentages of the various raw materials are as follows: 20-50% of fibrauretine, 12.5-20% of vitamin C phosphate and 37.5-60% of lipoic acid; the sum of the weight percentages of all the raw materials is 100 percent, and the adding proportion of the raw materials in the fish compound feed is 0.1-0.2 percent; the invention fully utilizes the synergistic interaction among various antioxidants, effectively utilizes the traditional Chinese medicinal material resources, enhances the antioxidant stress and the immune disease resistance of the fish, and improves the cost performance of the feed and the fish culture benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fish feed additive, in particular to a fish feed additive for improving an antioxidant function, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
The feed is a main source for obtaining nutrients and energy by the fishes, and the fishes obtain the nutrients and energy required by growth and development from the outside through feeding activities. In modern aquaculture, in order to meet the growth requirements of fishes to the maximum extent and reduce the production cost, the preparation technology of aquatic feeds is also becoming more mature. The aquatic feed contains nutrients required by fish growth, and the nutrients are easily oxidized by air and damaged by high temperature in the storage and production processes, so that the nutritional value of the feed is reduced, the palatability is poor, the protein and the feed are easily damaged due to serious oxidation, even substances toxic and harmful to the fish are generated, and huge loss is brought to aquaculture production. Furthermore, antioxidant is also an important physiological mechanism for the animal body to maintain normal metabolism and healthy defense. Therefore, the antioxidant added into the fish feed can relieve the problems of feed oxidation and the like caused in the production and storage processes of the feed, and can obviously improve the antioxidant stress and the immune disease resistance of the fish.
Antioxidants can be classified into two major types, i.e., synthetic antioxidants and natural antioxidants, according to their source. Most of the antioxidants currently used in aquatic feeds are artificially synthesized antioxidants such as Ethoxyquinoline (EQ), dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT), Butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), etc. due to the cost of the feed, these synthetic antioxidants have strong antioxidant property and can protect the feed from oxidation and rancidity, but the artificially synthesized antioxidants have safety evaluation problem. The research proves that: synthetic antioxidants such as EQ have certain side effects on fish immunity, and the disease resistance of fish can be reduced after long-term use; and EQ can enter animals through feed, and the metabolite, namely ethoxyquinoline quinone, has genetic toxicity. Thus, the eu committee announced a ban on EQ in all animal feeds and their raw materials on 31/3/2018. In addition, another synthetic antioxidant, BHT, used as a stabilizer for fish meal, was also included in the european union's re-approval process and is expected to be released at final decision in 2020 or 2021. Therefore, it is very important to find safe and reliable natural antioxidants.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the fish feed additive for improving the antioxidant function, and the invention fully utilizes the main active ingredient fibrauretine in the traditional Chinese medicinal material fibraurea recisa pierre as one of the feed antioxidant ingredients in a reasonable range, thereby fully utilizing the rich Chinese medicinal material fibraurea recisa pierre resources in China and reducing the cost of the fish compound feed; meanwhile, vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid are added in a compatible manner to prepare the fish feed additive with the function of improving the oxidation resistance, so that the defect of each single antioxidant is overcome, the synergistic effect of the composite antioxidants is fully exerted, the oxidation resistance stress and the immune disease resistance of the fish are further enhanced, and the feed cost performance and the fish culture benefit are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a fish feed additive for improving an antioxidant function comprises fibrauretine, vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid, wherein the weight percentages of the raw materials are as follows: 20-50% of fibrauretine, 12.5-20% of vitamin C phosphate and 37.5-60% of lipoic acid; the sum of the weight percentages of all the raw materials is 100%, and the adding proportion of the raw materials in the fish compound feed is 0.1-0.2%.
China owns plentyThe feed additive is rich in natural plant resources, is rich in various effective antioxidant active ingredients, and can inhibit oxidative deterioration, rancidity and the like of the feed; after being taken into the body, the Chinese medicinal composition can not only eliminate free radicals generated in the body, but also has the effects of resisting inflammation, improving the immunity of the organism and the like. Fibraurea stem (Daemonorops margaritae (Hance) Becc.) is a perennial plant and is mainly distributed in southeast of the Guangdong, hong Kong, Hainan, southwest of the Guangxi and West-Xishuangbanna of the Yunnan. Fibrauretine (C)21H22N+O4) Also named as tetrandrine, palmatine, African tetrandrine, etc., is extracted from dried rattan of Fibraurea recisa Linn of Menispermaceae, and has antioxidant effect. In addition, fibrauretine has broad-spectrum antibacterial, antiviral and immunity enhancing effects.
Lipoic acid is an enzyme present in mitochondria that scavenges singlet oxygen (alpha-lipoic acid)1O2) Except for almost all free radicals. In addition, the lipoic acid is the only non-nutritive antioxidant with fat solubility and water solubility, is easy to absorb and can be distributed to all parts of the body to play a role, even can permeate the blood brain barrier, and the body is protected from being damaged by oxidation.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a monosaccharide oxidation-reduction catalyst in plants and animals and protects biofilms from peroxide damage by effectively resisting reactive oxygen radicals, reducing oxygen radicals in tissues. Vitamin C as free radical scavenger can rapidly react with superoxide anion free radical (O)2 -) And hydrogen peroxide (H)2O2) React with hydroxyl radical (OH) to generate ascorbic acid radical, and can also remove ascorbic acid radical1O2Thereby protecting the body from damage by endogenous oxygen free radicals.
Hundreds of natural antioxidants exist, and the antioxidant mechanisms and action characteristics of different antioxidants are different due to different molecular structures. To date, there has not been a natural or synthetic antioxidant that can replace or exceed all other antioxidants, and the use of a mixture of two or more antioxidants has a synergistic effect that is greater than the antioxidant effect produced by the individual antioxidants.
The vitamin C phosphate and the lipoic acid are fat-soluble substances, and need to be dissolved in base oil, especially in the oil rich in linoleic acid and linolenic acid, and the quality of the vitamin C phosphate and the lipoic acid directly relates to the efficacy and the overall quality of the compound antioxidant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the steps of taking full consideration of the theoretical basis that linoleic acid and linolenic acid are essential fatty acids for most fishes, and preparing a feed fat source mainly comprising the linoleic acid and the linolenic acid;
the main active ingredient fibrauretine in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, namely the fibrauretine, in China is used as one of the antioxidant ingredients of the feed, so that the abundant Chinese medicinal material fibrauretine resources in China are fully utilized, and the cost of the fish compound feed is reduced;
and the fibrauretine, the vitamin C phosphate and the lipoic acid are compatible to prepare the fish feed additive with the function of improving the oxidation resistance, so that the defects of single antioxidants are overcome, the synergistic effect of the composite antioxidants is fully exerted, the oxidation resistance stress and the immune disease resistance of the fish are further enhanced, and the feed cost performance and the fish culture benefit are improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Using fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal as feed protein sources, using soybean oil and soybean lecithin as fat sources, preparing 5 kinds of iso-nitrogen and other practical tilapia compound feeds (as shown in table 1) according to a conventional feed proportioning scheme, wherein 0.02% of vitamin C phosphate (35%) and 0.06% of lipoic acid are added into the feed of example 1 but fibrauretin is not added, and the feed is used as a control group; examples 2-4 feed was supplemented with 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.08% fibrauretine, respectively, in combination with 0.02% vitamin C phosphate (35%) and 0.06% lipoic acid as a complex antioxidant; example 5 feed was supplemented with 0.04% fibrauretin, but no vitamin C phosphate (35%) and lipoic acid, as a control group.
Table 1, feed formulation (% dry matter basis) for each example
Note: vitamin premix (g/kg): vitamin a, 2; vitamin D30.03; vitamin E, 30; vitamin K33, 3; thiamine hydrochloride, 8; riboflavin, 11; pyridoxine hydrochloride, 8; vitamin B120.02; ascorbic acid, 50; folic acid, 1; biotin, 0.1; nicotinic acid, 30; calcium pantothenate, 32; inositol, 25. Mineral premix (g/kg): MgSO (MgSO)4·7H2O，180；KI，1；FeSO4·H2O，260；ZnSO4·H2O，180；CuSO4·5H2O，25；MnSO4·H2O，180；CoCl2·6H2O，0.75。
All feed raw materials are crushed by a crusher and are sieved by a 60-mesh sieve, all the crushed feed raw materials are uniformly mixed with other raw materials except soybean oil and soybean lecithin according to the feed formula shown in the table 1, then soybean oil and soybean lecithin (the soybean lecithin is dissolved in the soybean oil firstly) are added and are uniformly mixed, finally about 30 percent of distilled water is added to form hard mass of the powdery feed, the powdery feed is placed into a pellet feed machine to be extruded into strips with the diameter of 1.0mm, and the strips are dried in a blast oven at 40 ℃ for 12 hours to reduce the water content to below 12 percent. The nutritional composition of each example feed formulation was tested as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 nutrient composition of the example feeds
The same batch of artificially cultivated tilapia mossambica fries are used for experiments and provided by a certain local farm. Before the test, the tilapia is temporarily cultured for 2 weeks by using commercial feed to adapt to the culture environment. Tilapia fasted for 24h before the start of the experiment. Tilapia of uniform size (about 3.43g) and robust physique were selected and randomly distributed in 15 breeding buckets (5 experimental treatment groups, 3 replicates per group) of 40 fish per bucket. Baits were administered 2 times a day (07:00, 17:30) in the morning and evening to achieve satiety levels. The culture water is tap water for aeration dechlorination, and adopts a circulating water system, the circulating system adopts mechanical and biological filter media, and is disinfected by an ultraviolet lamp, and the water flow rate is 10L/min. The experiment is carried out for 10 weeks, 24 hours of continuous oxygenation is adopted in the whole culture experiment period, the cultivation experiment is naturally illuminated, and the water temperature is always kept at 28-30 ℃.
And after the culture test is finished, stopping feeding for 24 hours, weighing the total weight of each barrel of fish, recording the number of the fish, and calculating the growth rate and survival rate of the tilapia. In addition, tissue samples such as tilapia blood, intestinal tract and liver are collected, and the antioxidant capacity indexes of the intestinal tract, serum, plasma and liver are analyzed and measured. The analysis and test of each index all adopt a mature method used in domestic and foreign research. All values are expressed as mean. + -. standard error
Examples 1-4 feeds were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) when there was a significant difference (P) between treatment groups<0.05), multiple comparative analyses were performed using Tukey's test; comparative analysis was performed using independent sample T-test for example 3 and example 5.
Tables 3 to 9 show the test data and the test results.
TABLE 3 growth Performance results for example Tilapia mossambica
Note: the difference is significant when the same person carries out different letters on the shoulder<0.05)；
Indicating significant differences in T-test between example 3 and example 5. The same applies below.
As can be seen from Table 3: tilapia fed by the feed of examples 1-4 has no significant difference in powder weight, feeding rate, body weight gain, daily gain coefficient, feed coefficient, protein efficiency, survival rate and liver-to-body ratio; tilapia fed by the feed of example 1 has a viscera-to-body ratio significantly lower than that of the feed fed groups of examples 2-4. The feed is added with 0.02-0.08% of fibrauretine, so that the growth performance and the feed utilization rate of tilapia are not obviously and negatively affected.
Comparing the tilapia data fed by the feeds of examples 1-4 again, the tilapia growth performance of the feed feeding group of example 3 is slightly superior to that of the feed feeding groups of other examples. When the addition amount of the fibrauretine in the feed is 0.04%, the effect is optimal.
In addition, as can be seen from table 3, the tilapia fed with the feed of example 3 had significantly higher coefficients of end weight, body weight gain and daily weight gain than the feed-fed group of example 5. The fibrauretine is matched with vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid to serve as a feed composite antioxidant, the effect of improving the growth performance of tilapia is obviously better than that of a single fibrauretine feed antioxidant, and the synergistic effect of the antioxidant is obvious.
TABLE 4 Biochemical index results of Tilapia mossambica serum
Note: HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol.
As can be seen from Table 4: tilapia fed with the feed of example 1 has significantly higher serum total cholesterol and LDL-C levels and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio than the feed-fed groups of examples 2-4, and significantly higher serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity than the feed-fed group of example 3. Tilapia fed with the feed of examples 1-4 has no significant difference in serum triglyceride and HDL-C levels and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity. 0.02-0.08% of fibrauretine is added into the feed, so that the cholesterol level and liver injury in tilapia bodies can be reduced.
Comparing again the tilapia data fed by the feeds of examples 1-4, it can be found that the serum total cholesterol and LDL-C levels, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity of the feed-fed group of example 3 are significantly lower than that of the feed-fed group of example 1. When the addition amount of the fibrauretine is 0.04%, the tilapia body has the lowest cholesterol level and liver injury.
Furthermore, as can be seen from Table 4, tilapia fed with the feed of example 3 had significantly lower serum total cholesterol and LDL-C levels, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity than the feed-fed group of example 5. The fibrauretine is matched with vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid to serve as a feed composite antioxidant, the capacity of reducing cholesterol level and liver injury is obviously superior to that of a single fibrauretine feed antioxidant, and the antioxidant has a remarkable synergistic effect.
TABLE 5 Tilapia intestinal antioxidant ability index results for each example
As can be seen from Table 5: the intestinal superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and total antioxidant activity of tilapia fed by the feed in example 1 are obviously lower than those of the feed feeding groups in examples 2-4; on the contrary, the intestinal acid phosphatase activity and the active oxygen content of the feed are obviously higher than those of the feed feeding groups of examples 2-4. The intestinal glutathione reductase activity of tilapia fed by the feed of example 1 is obviously lower than that of the feed fed groups of examples 3-4. With the increase of the addition level of fibrauretine in the feed, the content of malondialdehyde in intestinal tracts of tilapia tends to decrease firstly and then increase; wherein, the intestinal malondialdehyde content of the feed-fed group of example 1 is significantly higher than that of the feed-fed group of example 3.
Comparing the data of tilapia fed by the feeds of examples 1-4 again, the intestinal superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, peroxidase and total antioxidant activity of the feed feeding group of example 3 can be found to be obviously higher than that of the feed feeding group of example 1; in contrast, the feed-fed group of example 3 had significantly lower intestinal acid phosphatase activity and active oxygen and malondialdehyde content than the feed-fed group of example 1. When the addition amount of the fibrauretine is 0.04%, the oxidation resistance of intestinal tracts of tilapia is strongest.
Furthermore, as can be seen from table 5, tilapia fed with the feed of example 3 had intestinal superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, peroxidase and total antioxidant activity significantly higher than that of the feed fed group of example 5; in contrast, the feed-fed group of example 3 had significantly lower intestinal acid phosphatase activity and active oxygen and malondialdehyde content than the feed-fed group of example 5. The fibrauretine is matched with vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid to serve as a feed composite antioxidant, the intestinal antioxidant capacity of the feed composite antioxidant is obviously superior to that of a single fibrauretine feed antioxidant, and the synergistic effect of the antioxidant is obvious.
TABLE 6 result of antioxidant capacity index of tilapia mossambica plasma in each example
As can be seen from Table 6: with the increase of the addition level of the fibrauretine in the feed, the contents of IgM and C4 in tilapia plasma and the activities of lysozyme and glutathione reductase show a trend of gradually rising; the plasma IgM content and lysozyme and glutathione reductase activity of the feed feeding groups of examples 2-4 are obviously higher than that of the feed feeding group of example 1, and the plasma C4 content of the feed feeding group of example 4 is obviously higher than that of the feed feeding group of example 1. Tilapia fed with the feed of example 1 had a significantly lower plasma C3 content than the feed fed group of example 2. Tilapia fed with the feed of example 1 had significantly lower plasma superoxide dismutase activity than the feed fed group of example 4. With the increase of the addition level of fibrauretine in the feed, the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity and alkaline phosphatase in tilapia plasma show a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing; wherein, the plasma glutathione peroxidase activity of the feed feeding groups of the examples 2 to 4 is obviously higher than that of the feed feeding group of the example 1; the plasma catalase, peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity and alkaline phosphatase activity of the feed feeding groups of examples 3-4 are significantly higher than that of the feed feeding group of example 1. On the contrary, with the increase of the addition level of the fibrauretine in the feed, the content of malondialdehyde in the tilapia mossambica plasma tends to decrease firstly and then increase; wherein, the plasma malondialdehyde content of the feed feeding groups of the examples 2 to 3 is obviously lower than that of the feed feeding group of the example 1. The addition of 0.02-0.08% of fibrauretine in the feed obviously improves the oxidation resistance index of tilapia mossambica plasma.
Comparing the tilapia data fed by the feeds of examples 1-4 again, the plasma IgM content, lysozyme, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity and alkaline phosphatase activity of the feed feeding group of example 3 can be found to be obviously higher than those of the feed feeding group of example 1; in contrast, the plasma malondialdehyde levels in the feed-fed group of example 3 were significantly lower than in the feed-fed group of example 1. When the addition amount of the fibrauretine is 0.04%, the oxidation resistance of the intestinal tracts of the tilapia is optimal.
In addition, as can be seen from table 6, tilapia fed with the feed of example 3 had plasma IgM, C3 and C4 contents and lysozyme, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase, total antioxidant power and alkaline phosphatase activities significantly higher than those of the feed-fed group of example 5; in contrast, the plasma malondialdehyde levels in the feed-fed group of example 3 were significantly lower than in the feed-fed group of example 5. The fibrauretine is matched with vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid to serve as a feed composite antioxidant, the index system of the antioxidant capacity of blood plasma of the feed composite antioxidant is obviously superior to that of a single fibrauretine feed antioxidant, and the synergistic effect of the antioxidant is obvious.
Table 7, results of the indexes of the antioxidant capacity of liver of tilapia in each example
As can be seen from Table 7: the activities of liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and catalase and the content of nitric oxide of tilapia fed by the feed in the example 1 are obviously lower than those of the feed feeding groups in the examples 2-4; on the contrary, the content of the hepatic malondialdehyde is obviously higher than that of the feed feeding groups of examples 2-4. With the increase of the addition level of fibrauretine in the feed, the total antioxidant capacity and the alkaline phosphatase activity of the liver of the tilapia show a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing; wherein, the total liver antioxidant activity of the feed feeding group of the example 2 is obviously higher than that of the feed feeding group of the example 1, and the liver alkaline phosphatase activity of the feed feeding group of the example 3 is obviously higher than that of the feed feeding group of the example 1. The addition of 0.02-0.08% of fibrauretine in the feed obviously improves the oxidation resistance of the liver of tilapia.
Comparing the data of tilapia fed by the feeds of examples 1-4 again, the liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, total antioxidant activity and nitric oxide content of the feed feeding group of example 2 are obviously higher than those of the feed feeding group of example 1; in contrast, the liver malondialdehyde content in the feed-fed group of example 2 was significantly lower than in the feed-fed group of example 1. When the addition amount of the fibrauretine is 0.02%, the oxidation resistance of the liver of the tilapia is the strongest.
In addition, as can be seen from table 7, tilapia fed with the feed of example 3 had liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity and alkaline phosphatase activity and nitric oxide content significantly higher than those of the feed fed group of example 5; in contrast, the liver malondialdehyde content in the feed-fed group of example 3 was significantly lower than in the feed-fed group of example 5. The fibrauretine is matched with vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid to serve as a feed composite antioxidant, the liver antioxidant capacity of the feed composite antioxidant is obviously superior to that of a single fibrauretine feed antioxidant, and the antioxidant has a remarkable synergistic effect.
TABLE 8 results of nonspecific immunity index for tilapia blood and head and kidney for each example
As can be seen from Table 8: tilapia fed by the feed of examples 1-4 has no significant difference in plasma leukocyte, lymphocyte, basophilic granulocyte, erythrocyte, hemoglobin content and respiratory burst activity of head and kidney macrophages. With the increase of the addition level of fibrauretine in the feed, the phagocytic activity of tilapia mossambica head-kidney macrophages tends to increase firstly and then decrease; wherein, the phagocytic activity of the head kidney macrophages of the feed feeding groups of the examples 2 to 3 is obviously higher than that of the feed feeding group of the example 1. The feed is added with 0.02-0.08% of fibrauretine, so that the phagocytic activity of head and kidney macrophages of tilapia is obviously improved.
Comparing the tilapia data fed by the feed of examples 1-4 again, the feed fed by examples 2-3 can find that the phagocytic activity of head kidney macrophages is obviously higher than that of the feed fed by example 1. When the addition amount of the fibrauretine is 0.02-0.04%, the phagocytic activity of head and kidney macrophages of tilapia mossambica is strongest.
Furthermore, as can be seen from table 8, tilapia fed with the feed of example 3 had significantly higher phagocytic activity of head kidney macrophages than the feed fed group of example 5. The fibrauretine is matched with vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid to serve as a feed composite antioxidant, the phagocytic activity of head and kidney macrophages of the feed composite antioxidant is obviously superior to that of fibrauretine single feed antioxidant, and the antioxidant has a remarkable synergistic effect.
TABLE 9 disease resistance index results for each example tilapia
As can be seen from Table 9: along with the increase of the addition level of fibrauretine in the feed, the death rate of the aeromonas hydrophila toxin-counteracting tilapia tends to decrease firstly and then increase, and the relative protection rate tends to increase firstly and then decrease. The feed is added with 0.02-0.08% of fibrauretine, so that the disease resistance of tilapia is obviously improved.
Comparing the tilapia data fed by the feeds of examples 1-4 again, the tilapia relative protection rate after the feed feeding group of example 3 attacks poison can be found to reach 72%. When the addition amount of the fibrauretine is 0.04%, the disease resistance of the tilapia is obviously improved.
In addition, as can be seen from table 9, the tilapia fed with the feed of example 3 showed a significantly higher relative protection rate after challenge than the feed fed group of example 5. The fibrauretine is matched with vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid to serve as a feed composite antioxidant, the disease resistance of the feed composite antioxidant is obviously superior to that of a single fibrauretine feed antioxidant, and the antioxidant has a remarkable synergistic effect.
In conclusion, the feed is added with 0.02-0.08% of fibrauretine, so that the growth performance, the feed utilization rate and the blood cell index of tilapia are not obviously adversely affected, the cholesterol level and liver injury in tilapia bodies are reduced, and the oxidation resistance indexes of intestinal tracts, blood plasma and livers of tilapia, the phagocytic activity of head and kidney macrophages and the relative protection rate of aeromonas hydrophila after toxin attack are improved; when the addition amount is 0.02-0.04%, the indexes of oxidation resistance, immunity and disease resistance of the tilapia are all obviously improved. Therefore, the appropriate addition amount of the fibrauretine in the tilapia feed is 0.02-0.04%. In addition, compared with single fibrauretine as an antioxidant, the vitamin C phosphate and the lipoic acid are added into the tilapia feed as a composite antioxidant, so that the antioxidant capacity, immunity and disease resistance of the tilapia are obviously improved, and the synergistic effect of the antioxidant is obvious.
By combining the physiological characteristics of tilapia, the feed is designed aiming at the growth performance, the feed utilization rate, the oxidation resistance, the immunity and the disease resistance of tilapia, the theoretical basis that the tilapia uses linoleic acid and linolenic acid as essential fatty acid and the growth promoting effect of the linoleic acid is superior to that of the linolenic acid is fully considered, and a feed fat source mainly containing the linoleic acid and the linolenic acid is prepared; the main active ingredient fibrauretine in the traditional Chinese medicinal material fibraurea recisa pierre is used as one of the antioxidant ingredients of the feed, so that the abundant Chinese medicinal material fibraurea recisa pierre resource is fully utilized, and the cost of the fish compound feed is reduced; meanwhile, vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid are added in a compatible manner to prepare the fish feed additive with the function of improving the oxidation resistance, so that the defect of each single antioxidant is overcome, the synergistic effect of the composite antioxidants is fully exerted, the oxidation resistance stress and the immune disease resistance of fish are further enhanced, and the feed cost performance and the fish culture benefit are improved.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A fish feed additive for improving antioxidant function is characterized in that: comprises fibrauretine, vitamin C phosphate and lipoic acid.
2. The fish feed additive for improving antioxidant function according to claim 1, wherein: the feed additive comprises, by weight, 20-50% of fibrauretine, 12.5-20% of vitamin C phosphate and 37.5-60% of lipoic acid; the sum of the weight percentages of all the raw materials is 100 percent.
3. The fish feed additive for improving antioxidant function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the additive is added into the fish compound feed in a proportion of 0.1-0.2%.
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| CN103340308A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-09 | 云南农业大学 | Application of fibrauretine in cyprinus carpio compound feed and formula of cyprinus carpio compound feed containing fibrauretine |
| CN104206744A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-17 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Antioxidant feed additive and application thereof |
| CN105192426A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 王维维 | Chicken feed additive for enhancing immunity and preparation method thereof |
| CN107149057A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-12 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of efficient fish mixed feed with anti-oxidation function |
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| CN103340308A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-09 | 云南农业大学 | Application of fibrauretine in cyprinus carpio compound feed and formula of cyprinus carpio compound feed containing fibrauretine |
| CN104206744A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-17 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Antioxidant feed additive and application thereof |
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