CN111567354A - A method for on-site containerized planting of trees - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for on-site containerized planting of trees, comprising the following steps: wrapping a root-controlling planting container on the outside of a soil ball, the diameter of the root-controlling planting container is smaller than the diameter of a planting hole, and a sidewall of the root-controlling planting container is provided with a Several ventilation holes, place the root control planting container in the planting hole, leave a gap between the root control planting container and the planting hole for gas exchange, lay a water filter layer at the bottom of the root control planting container, and place the root control planting container in the root control planting container. Set the drainage pipe and the liquid injection pipe, place the soil ball on the upper surface of the nutrient soil, and fill the nutrient soil between the soil ball and the root-controlling planting container. The on-site containerized tree planting method of the present invention can ensure the survival rate during tree transplantation, especially for large-sized arbor and ancient famous trees with low survival rate, the survival rate is greatly improved compared with the traditional tree transplantation method, ensuring that the survival rate is greatly improved. The transplant work is done with high quality.

Description

A method for on-site containerized planting of trees

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tree transplantation, and in particular relates to a method for on-site containerized planting of trees.

Background technique

The internal conditions for the survival of tree transplantation are mainly the balance of tree vigor, that is, when the external conditions (temperature, humidity) are determined, the root of the plant can absorb and supply water and fertilizer and the photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration consumption of the above-ground leaves are balanced, and the roots cannot fully absorb after transplantation. Water, large transpiration of stems and leaves, and imbalance of water balance are the biggest causes of tree dieback. Off-season tree transplanting and ancient and famous tree transplanting have strict requirements on the growth conditions of trees, and the transplanting is difficult.

Due to the age and size of the ancient and famous trees, and the special significance of these trees, it is not allowed to have a large number of cut branches and thin leaves when transplanting, so it is difficult to transplant.

Starting from the law of plant survival and growth, tree transplanting should start in mid-March and end in early May. At this time, the plant has not developed leaves, the root system is sprouted, and the regeneration ability is strong, and the tree vigor will not be seriously out of balance. Appropriate pruning, to meet the tree balance can be. Off-season transplanting violates the objective laws of plant growth and is not recommended in landscaping. However, the rapid development of modern urban construction has inevitably led to some greening projects that must be completed in a specific time period. Large trees need to be transplanted out of season. Seasonal transplantation has gone through the whole summer, and the extreme high temperature in summer can easily cause the balance of tree vigor to be broken, and it is very difficult to restore after the break.

Trees with a height of more than 6 meters can be called large-scale trees. During the growth and development of large-scale trees under the original environmental conditions, trees and light, temperature, humidity, roots and soil have formed a certain suitable habitat. This coordinated living environment has been changed. Large-sized trees have been planted and grown in the nursery for many years. The canopy expands outward year by year, and the root system continues to extend outward and downward. Even if a soil ball 10 times the diameter at breast height is excavated, a large number of absorbing roots will be cut off. In addition, the large tree has entered the growth and maturity stage, and the regeneration ability of the root is weakened, which affects the balance of the upper and lower water, thus greatly reducing the planting survival rate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for on-site containerized planting of trees. The present invention adopts the on-site containerized planting technology to ensure that trees can fully absorb nutrients in the early growth process after transplantation, and improve large-scale The survival rate of trees ensures the landscape effect.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a method for on-site containerized planting of trees, including the operations of fine planting of large trees and later maintenance of large trees;

The fine planting of large trees includes the following steps:

Tree hole excavation; tree holes are dug 3 days in advance of tree transplanting. Each tree hole is dug vertically into a cylinder. The depth of the planting hole is 2/3 of the diameter, and the upper and lower diameters are equal. spraying fungicides;

Containerized planting; prepare the root control planting container, the root control planting container is a cylindrical structure that penetrates up and down, the diameter of the root control planting container is smaller than the diameter of the planting hole, and there are several ventilation holes on the side wall of the root control planting container. Place the root control planting container in the planting hole, leave a gap between the root control planting container and the planting hole for gas exchange, lay a water filter layer at the bottom of the root control planting container, and place the drainage pipe in the root control planting container, The lower end of the drainage pipe is in contact with the water filter layer, and the upper end is higher than the root-controlling planting container. After that, nutrient soil is laid, and the liquid injection pipe is placed in the nutrient soil. Spray the rooting liquid, place the soil ball on the upper surface of the nutrient soil, fill the nutrient soil between the soil ball and the root-controlling planting container, wrap iron wire on the outside of the root-controlling planting container to fix it, and remove the outside of the soil ball after the tree grows stably. The root-controlled planting container is filled with the original soil between the soil ball and the tree hole;

As a preferred technical solution, the side walls of the root-controlling planting container are evenly provided with outwardly protruding growth grooves, and the ventilation holes are arranged between the growth grooves and the growth grooves.

As a preferred technical solution, the water filtering layer is arranged in a ring shape along the inner wall of the root-controlling planting container, the middle of the water filtering layer is filled with nutrient soil, and the thickness of the water filtering layer is greater than 50 cm, including the lower geotechnical layers arranged sequentially from bottom to top. Cloth, lower layer of gravel, permeable blind pipe, upper layer of gravel, upper layer of geotextile.

As a preferred technical solution, the average particle size of the crushed stone in the lower layer of crushed stone and the upper layer of crushed stone is 5 cm.

As a preferred technical solution, the drainage pipe and the liquid injection pipe are inclined at 5-15 degrees from the vertical direction.

As a preferred technical solution, the thickness of the nutrient soil is greater than 50 cm, the nutrient soil is a mixture of the original soil with a mass ratio of 4:1 and the branch fermented humus fertilizer, and the moisture content of the nutrient soil is greater than 60%.

As a preferred technical solution, the diameter of the soil ball is 5-8 times the diameter of the tree, the thickness of the soil ball is 0.6-1 m, the diameter of the root-controlled planting container is 40-60 mm larger than the diameter of the soil ball, and the single side is 20 mm larger than the diameter of the soil ball. -30 mm, the top of the root-controlled planting container is 5 cm above the planting hole.

As a preferred technical solution, the step of tree transplanting is carried out before eleven o'clock in the morning or after sixteen o'clock in the afternoon.

As a preferred technical solution, after the tree is transplanted, it also includes the steps of tree maintenance, including:

Leaf pruning; evenly trim off 1/3 of the crown of the tree with branches and leaves when pruning;

Pharmacy adjustment; holes are made at a distance of 15-20 cm from the base of the trunk, with a hole diameter of 5 mm and a hole depth of 3-6 cm. ;

Build a shading shed; the shading shed is erected with steel pipe scaffolding. After the scaffolding is erected, it is covered with a shading net. The shading net is made of polyethylene, and the shading net is gradually removed according to the tree growth conditions and temperature changes;

Foliar spray; combined with the shading shed, the spray device is placed on the top of the canopy, sprayed from time to time to cool down, and combined with the shading net to form an artificial rainforest environment.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention adopts on-site containerized planting technology, wraps a root-controlling planting container on the outside of the soil ball, and fills the planting container with nutrient soil to ensure that the tree can fully absorb nutrients during the early growth process. Under climatic conditions, the survival rate of trees is improved.

(2) The present invention lays a water filter layer at the bottom of the root-controlling planting container, and the water filter layer cooperates with the external drainage net to discharge the excess water in the planting hole, which plays the role of preventing root rot, balances the water and air environment of the root, and creates a good environment for trees. good living environment.

(3) In the present invention, a drainage pipe and a liquid injection pipe are arranged in the root control planting container. The function of the drainage pipe is to draw out the excess water in the planting hole through the drainage pipe when the excess water cannot be discharged in time. The pipe can also observe the growth of tree roots; the function of the water injection pipe is to inject nutrient solution and fertilizer into the soil to create conditions for the growth of plant roots.

(4) In the present invention, the sidewall of the root-controlling planting container is evenly provided with outwardly protruding growth grooves, ventilation holes are arranged between adjacent growth grooves, and a gap is left between the root-controlling planting container and the planting hole, and the growth grooves are It is beneficial to the extension of the root system and prevents the growth from entanglement. The ventilation holes and gaps ensure that the root system of the tree can fully absorb the external oxygen and improve the growth rate of the tree.

(5) The present invention forms an artificial rainforest environment through chemical regulation, construction of shade shelters and foliar spraying, which increases the humidity of the environment, improves the moisturizing ability, and promotes the survival and growth of trees.

To sum up, the on-site containerized tree planting method of the present invention can ensure the transplantation of ancient and famous trees or the survival rate of trees when transplanted in off-season, save the time and labor cost of rework caused by the death of seedlings, and ensure the transplantation. The work is completed with high quality, and it also provides valuable experience and mature technical support for similar projects in the future.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of containerized planting of the present invention.

2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the root-controlled planting container of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the inventive water filter layer.

The reference numerals are specifically described as follows: planting hole 1, root control planting container 2, water filter layer 3, drainage pipe 4, liquid injection pipe 5, growth tank 6, lower geotextile 7, lower gravel 8, permeable blind pipe 9. The upper layer of gravel 10 and the upper layer of geotextile 11.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the camphor tree transplanting at the National Exhibition and Convention Center in Shanghai is used as an example to illustrate. The green space on both sides of the National Exhibition and Convention Center is an important link in the landscape reconstruction. According to the joint site exploration of the designer, the supervisor and the owner, 52 full-crowned camphor trees with a height of 12 meters, a canopy diameter of 8 meters, a bifurcation diameter of 2.8 meters, and a diameter of 36-38 cm should be planted in the green spaces on both sides of the square. . The tree array composed of large-scale camphor trees can highlight the guiding nature of the square and set off the solemnity of the square. The transplanting time of this project is from May to November. Therefore, according to the characteristics of this project, this implementation provides a method for on-site container planting of trees. This method combines the characteristics of off-season transplanting, and can be used for fine planting and planting of large trees. The operation of post-maintenance of large trees is carefully designed, which greatly improves the survival rate of tree transplantation.

Fine planting of large trees

This step is the key step of the present invention. Through the fine planting of large-scale trees, the survival rate of camphor tree transplanting can be greatly improved, and specifically includes the following:

Tree hole excavation; tree holes are dug 3 days in advance of tree transplanting. Each tree hole is dug vertically into a cylinder. The depth of planting hole 1 is 2/3 of the diameter, and the upper and lower diameters are equal. Spray bactericidal insecticides on the bottom.

Containerized planting; planting should be timely, and the pruned camphor saplings should be planted immediately, the less delay the better. All specific planting operations are carried out before 11:00 am or after 16:00 pm.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, prepare the root control planting container 2, the cylindrical structure that the root control planting container 2 penetrates up and down, the diameter of the root control planting container 2 is smaller than the diameter of the planting hole 1, and the side of the root control planting container 2 A number of ventilation holes are opened on the wall, the side wall of the root control planting container 2 is evenly provided with a growth groove 6 that protrudes outward, and the ventilation holes are arranged between the growth groove 6 and the growth groove 6 .

The root-controlling planting container 2 is placed in the planting hole 1, and the top of the root-controlling planting container 2 is 5 cm higher than the planting hole. A gap is left between the root control planting container 2 and the planting hole 1 for gas exchange, and a water filter layer 3 is laid on the bottom of the root control planting container 2, and the water filter layer 3 is arranged in a ring shape along the inner wall of the root control planting container 2, The middle part of the water filter layer 3 is filled with nutrient soil, and the use of nutrient soil to fill the middle part of the water filter layer 3 is conducive to the rooting of plant roots. The thickness of the water filter layer 3 is greater than 50 cm, and includes a lower geotextile 7, a lower gravel 8, a permeable blind pipe 9, an upper gravel 10, and an upper geotextile 11 arranged in order from bottom to top. The average particle size of the crushed stone in the lower layer of crushed stone 8 and the upper layer of crushed stone 10 is 5 cm, and after the water filter layer 3 is laid, use a bactericide for disinfection and sterilization.

Stand the drain pipe 4 in the root control planting container 2, and the drain pipe 4 is inclined at 5-15 degrees to the vertical direction. The role of ventilation and drainage.

The nutrient soil is laid on the top of the water filter layer 3, the thickness of the nutrient soil is more than 50 cm, and the nutrient soil is a mixture of original soil and branch fermented humus fertilizer with a weight ratio of 4:1.

The liquid injection pipe 5 is placed in the nutrient soil, and the liquid injection pipe 5 is inclined at 5-15 degrees to the vertical direction. The upper end of the liquid injection pipe 5 is higher than the root control planting container 2, and its purpose is to inject water and fertilize into the matrix. .

Use shovels, shovels and brushes in the camphor soil ball to find the border with lush fibrous roots, find a range of 2-2.4 meters in diameter, dig out about 3.5-4 meters of soil outside this range, and 0.6-1 meters in depth, dig the soil out. The ball is exposed, the rooting liquid is sprayed on the surface of the soil ball, the soil ball is placed on the upper surface of the nutrient soil, and the nutrient soil is filled between the soil ball and the root-controlling planting container 2, and the diameter of the root-controlling planting container 2 is larger than the diameter of the soil ball 40-60 mm, 20-30 mm larger on one side, and the diameter of the root-controlled planting container 2 in this embodiment is 2.4-2.8 meters. The outside of the root-controlling planting container 2 is wrapped with No. 6-8 iron wire for fixing. After the tree vigor is stable, the root-controlling planting container 2 outside the soil ball is removed, and the original soil is filled between the soil ball and the tree hole.

Post-maintenance of large trees

Leaf pruning; to ensure the survival rate and the effect of the scenery are opposites and unity, to ensure the survival rate, it is necessary to carry out pruning and shaping, which will destroy the effect of the scenery to a certain extent. How to coordinate the contradiction between them, pruning and shaping is one of the key technologies. When pruning, cut off 1/3 of the crown with branches and leaves, and reduce the water loss of the whole tree by reducing the leaf area. The pruning position is even and the basic tree shape is not damaged to form the green effect as soon as possible.

Pharmacy adjustment; open a hole 15-20 cm away from the base of the trunk, with a diameter of 5 mm and a hole depth of 3-6 cm. -1000 times after injection into the trunk through the hole.

Build a shading shed; in order to make the 52 camphor tree arrays safe for the summer, they must be protected from high temperature, and shading canopies should be set up in the camphor tree array area. A 48mm diameter steel pipe is used to erect the scaffolding. The height of the scaffold is 12 meters, the distance from the outer edge of the seedlings is not less than 50 cm, and the distance between the horizontal and vertical poles is not more than 2 meters. After the scaffolding is erected, it is covered with shading net. The shading net is made of polyethylene. The layout area of the top surface is 3527.44 square meters, and the layout area of the four sides is 5363.46 square meters. After the experiment, the shading degree is 60%, and the shade shed will be gradually removed depending on the tree growth conditions and temperature changes.

Foliar spray; combined with the shading shed, the spray device is placed on the top of the canopy, sprayed from time to time to cool down, and combined with the shading net to form an artificial rainforest environment.

This method greatly improves the survival rate of tree transplantation, saves the time and labor cost of rework caused by the death of seedlings, and ensures the high-quality completion of the project. It has accumulated valuable experience and provided more mature technical support for similar projects in the future.

Although the above embodiments have specifically described the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements can be made based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. and modifications are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A field containerization planting method for trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:

excavating tree pits; digging tree pits 3 days ahead of the transplanting of the trees, vertically digging each tree pit into a cylinder, spraying a sterilization insecticide to the four walls and the bottom of the tree pit, wherein the depth of each planting pit is 2/3 of the diameter, and the upper caliber and the lower caliber of each planting pit are equal;

planting in a container; preparing a root control planting container, wherein the root control planting container is a cylindrical structure which penetrates through the root control planting container from top to bottom, the diameter of the root control planting container is smaller than that of a planting hole, a plurality of air holes are formed in the side wall of the root control planting container, the root control planting container is placed in the planting hole, a gap is reserved between the root control planting container and the planting hole for gas exchange, a water filtering layer is laid at the bottom of the root control planting container, a water draining pipe is erected in the root control planting container, the lower end of the water draining pipe is in contact with the water filtering layer, the upper end of the water draining pipe is higher than the root control planting container, then nutrient soil is laid, a liquid filling pipe is erected in the nutrient soil, the upper end of the liquid filling pipe is higher than the root control planting container, a rooting liquid is sprayed on the surface of a soil ball, the soil ball is placed on the upper surface of the nutrient soil, nutrient soil ball is filled with nutrient soil, iron wires, removing the root control planting container outside the soil ball, and filling original soil between the soil ball and the tree pit.

2. The on-site containerization planting method of claim 1, wherein the sidewall of the root-controlling planting container is uniformly provided with growing grooves protruding outwards, and the ventilation holes are formed between the growing grooves.

3. The on-site containerization planting method of claim 1, wherein the water filtering layer is arranged in a ring shape along the inner sidewall of the root control planting container, the middle part of the water filtering layer is filled with nutrient soil, and the thickness of the water filtering layer is more than 50 cm and comprises a lower geotextile, a lower gravel, a water permeable blind pipe, an upper gravel and an upper geotextile which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

4. The on-site containerized planting method of claim 4, wherein the average particle size of the crushed stones in the lower crushed stone and the upper crushed stone is 5 cm.

5. The out-of-season transplanting method for large trees according to claim 1, wherein the drain pipe and the liquid injection pipe are both inclined at an angle of 5-15 degrees from the vertical direction.

6. The on-site containerized planting method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the nutrient soil is greater than 50 cm, the nutrient soil is formed by mixing raw soil and branch fermentation humus fertilizer in a mass ratio of 4:1, and the water content of the nutrient soil is greater than 60%.

7. The method for containerized planting of trees in situ of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the soil ball is 5-8 times of the diameter of the tree breast height, the thickness of the soil ball is 0.6-1 m, the diameter of the root-controlling planting container is 40-60 mm larger than the diameter of the soil ball, the diameter of one side is 20-30 mm larger, and the top of the root-controlling planting container is 5 cm higher than the planting hole.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transplanting the trees is performed within a time period of ten hours before the morning or sixteen hours after the afternoon.

9. The field containerization planting method of claim 1, further comprising a step of maintaining the trees after transplanting the trees, comprising:

pruning leaves; 1/3 of the crown is evenly trimmed off by the branches and leaves during trimming;

regulating the medicament; forming a hole at a position 15-20 cm away from the base of the trunk, wherein the hole diameter is 5 mm, the hole depth is 3-6 cm, the number of the holes is increased along with the increase of the diameter of the trunk, and the injection is diluted by an infusion apparatus and then injected into the trunk through the holes;

building a shade shed; the method comprises the following steps that a shading shed adopts steel pipes to erect scaffolds, shading net covering is carried out after the scaffolds are erected, the shading net is made of polyethylene, and the shading net is gradually removed according to the growth condition of trees and temperature change;

spraying on leaf surfaces; and a spraying device is arranged on the top of the tree crown in combination with the shading shed, and is sprayed for cooling at random time to form an artificial rainforest environment in combination with the shading net.

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