CN111562473A - Photovoltaic module insulation testing device and testing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic module insulation testing device and a testing method, belonging to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, and comprising a testing water tank, a testing platform, a testing support, an insulation tester and a spraying device, wherein a temperature control device for adjusting the water temperature is arranged in the testing water tank; the test platform is arranged in the test water tank; the test support is supported on the test platform and used for fixing the photovoltaic module to be tested; the insulation tester is positioned outside the test water tank and used for testing the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic module; the spraying device is located above the photovoltaic module and used for simulating a natural rainwater state. According to the photovoltaic module insulation testing device provided by the invention, the spraying device is utilized to simulate rainwater in the nature, so that the ambient environment of the photovoltaic module is more real and close to the natural environment, the working insulation performance of the photovoltaic module in a rainy state is effectively simulated, the accuracy of testing the insulation resistance is improved, and great help is provided for material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Photovoltaic module insulation test device and test method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic components, and more particularly, relates to a photovoltaic component insulation testing device and a testing method.

Background technique

Photovoltaic modules are the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system and the most valuable part of the photovoltaic power generation system. Its function is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or drive the load to work.

With the continuous expansion of the end market, new materials and new processes continue to emerge, and photovoltaic modules are applied to wider areas and more complex environments, which requires a deeper understanding of product performance. Only by being more familiar with the actual performance of products in various environments can we provide customers with efficient and reliable photovoltaic module products.

Due to the complexity of the application environment of photovoltaic modules, in addition to the influence of temperature, humidity, sand, rain and snow in actual use, the insulation performance of photovoltaic modules has become the main factor affecting the safety of use, especially the insulation performance in rainy conditions. The photovoltaic module wet insulation test is to test the insulation performance of the module under humid working conditions, to detect whether the moisture from rain, fog, dew or melted snow enters the internal circuit of the module, and to judge the safety of the photovoltaic module.

At present, the commonly used wet insulation detection method is to test in the normal temperature environment. This detection method cannot completely simulate the natural environment under the rain state, which will lead to inaccurate detection results and affect the safety performance of photovoltaic modules.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module insulation test device, which aims to solve the problem of inaccurate insulation test results of existing photovoltaic modules.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module insulation test device, including: a test water tank, a test platform, a test support, an insulation tester and a spray device, and the test water tank is provided with a device for adjusting A temperature control device for water temperature, the test water tank is made of insulating material, or the inner wall of the test water tank is an insulating material; the test platform is set in the test water tank; the test bracket is supported on the test platform for fixing The photovoltaic module to be tested; the insulation tester is located outside the test water tank, and is used to test the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic module; the spray device is located above the photovoltaic module, used to simulate the natural rain state, to the said photovoltaic module. Photovoltaic modules spray water.

As another embodiment of the present application, the test stand includes: two tripods and two beams, the two tripods are supported on the test platform in parallel, and the tripods include bottom beams connected end to end in sequence , inclined beams and upright columns; two beams are connected in parallel on the two inclined beams corresponding to the two tripods, and the beams connect the two tripods into a whole; the photovoltaic modules are connected by pressing parts fixed on the beam.

As another embodiment of the present application, the tripod is a height-adjustable structure, wherein the bottom beam and the inclined beam are hinged through a hinge, the inclined beam and the upright are hinged through a hinge, and the upright is hinged. It is hinged with the bottom beam through a hinge; by adjusting the hinge position of the upright column and the bottom beam, the inclination angle of the inclined beam is increased or decreased to adjust the placement angle of the photovoltaic module.

As another embodiment of the present application, the beam is a telescopic structure with adjustable length, and the length of the beam can be adjusted to adapt to the test installation of the photovoltaic modules of different widths.

As another embodiment of the present application, both the tripod and the beam are made of profiled steel, and the profiled steel is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the length direction.

As another embodiment of the present application, the section steel is any one of channel steel, I-beam or angle steel.

As another embodiment of the present application, the pressing member includes a pressing block with a through hole and a bolt for fastening, and the bolt passes through the through hole of the pressing block and the through hole of the frame of the photovoltaic module and the mounting holes on the beam, and the photovoltaic module is mounted on the tripod.

As another embodiment of the present application, the spray device includes a water tank, a water pump, and a spray head connected to the water pump, and the spray head is supported above the photovoltaic module by a hard pipe connected to the water pump.

As another embodiment of the present application, the temperature control device includes an electric heating rod disposed at the bottom of the test water tank.

The present invention also provides a method for testing the wet insulation performance of photovoltaic modules, comprising the following steps:

Install the PV module to be tested on the test stand;

Fixing a thermocouple on the surface of the photovoltaic module for collecting the temperature of the photovoltaic module;

Connect the positive and negative poles of the DC voltage-stabilized power supply to the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic component to heat the photovoltaic component;

Input a current value of 1 times or more of its operating current to the photovoltaic module, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is kept at ±2°C of its nominal operating temperature;

Turn on the spray device, and spray the back of the photovoltaic module with normal temperature water with a resistivity not greater than 3500Ω·cm for 20±5min;

Turn the photovoltaic module 180°, and spray the front of the photovoltaic module for 30±5min;

After the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module are sprayed, the current stops supplying power;

The positive pole of the insulation tester is connected to the positive and negative pole connectors of the photovoltaic module, and the negative pole of the insulation tester is connected to the grounding point of the photovoltaic module;

Apply a voltage value equal to or higher than the maximum system voltage to the photovoltaic module for 10±5min, and record the insulation resistance value;

Insulation test result = insulation resistance value × photovoltaic module area;

Adjust the water pressure of the spray device, simulate the natural rainwater state, repeat the test steps, and obtain the insulation test results under different water spray volumes.

The beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module insulation test device and the test method provided by the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module insulation test device of the present invention uses a spray device to simulate natural rainwater, so that the surrounding environment of the photovoltaic module is more truly close to nature It effectively simulates the insulation performance of photovoltaic modules when working in rainy conditions, improves the accuracy of the insulation resistance tested, and is of great help to the material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of photovoltaic modules. The invention has simple operation and is beneficial to ensure and improve the safety performance of photovoltaic modules.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. In some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module insulation testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of a test bracket of a photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a second structural schematic diagram of a test bracket of a photovoltaic module insulation test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an A-direction view in FIGS. 2 and 3 .

In the picture: 1. Insulation tester; 2. DC voltage stabilized power supply; 3. Test water tank; 4. Test platform; 5. Test bracket; 51. Press block; 52, Beam; 55. Bottom beam; 56. Upright column; 6. Spray device; 61. Hard pipe; 7. Photovoltaic module.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 together, and now the photovoltaic module insulation testing device provided by the present invention will be described. The photovoltaic module insulation test device includes a test tank 3, a test platform 4, a test bracket 5, an insulation tester 1 and a spray device 6. The test tank 3 is provided with a temperature control device for adjusting the water temperature. The water tank 3 is made of insulating material, or the inner wall of the test water tank 3 is an insulating material; the test platform 4 is arranged in the test water tank 3; the test bracket 5 is supported on the test platform 4 for fixing the Photovoltaic component 7; Insulation tester 1 is located outside the test water tank 3, used to test the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic component 7; The spray device 6 is located above the photovoltaic component 7, for simulating the natural rain state, Water is sprayed on the photovoltaic modules 7 .

Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by the present invention uses the spray device 6 to simulate natural rainwater, so that the surrounding environment of the photovoltaic module 7 is more truly close to the natural environment, and effectively simulates the photovoltaic module 7 in the rain state. The insulation performance during operation is of great help to the material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of the photovoltaic module 7 . The present invention is simple to operate, and is beneficial to ensure and improve the safety performance of the photovoltaic assembly 7 .

In this embodiment, the test platform 4 can be made of a metal plate or an insulating material.

As a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic module insulation test device provided by the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 3 , the test bracket 5 includes: two tripods and two beams 52 , and the two tripods are supported in parallel On the test platform 4, the tripod includes a bottom beam 55, an inclined beam 53 and a vertical column 56 connected in sequence; 53, the beam 52 connects the two tripods into one; the photovoltaic module 7 is fixed on the beam 52 by a pressing member. Through the tripod and the beam 52, the photovoltaic module 7 is tilted and fixed to match the angle at which the photovoltaic module 7 is installed outdoors, so as to simulate the installation angle and position of the photovoltaic module 7, and improve the accuracy of the insulation resistance test results.

As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the tripod is a height-adjustable structure, wherein the bottom beam 55 and the inclined beam 53 are hinged through a hinge, and the The inclined beam 53 and the upright post 56 are hinged through hinges, and the upright post 56 and the bottom beam 55 are hinged via hinged parts; The angle of inclination increases or decreases to adjust the placement angle of the photovoltaic module 7 . Through the height-adjustable tripod, the height of the tripod can be adjusted at any time according to the different installation angles of the photovoltaic modules 7 , which is beneficial to ensure the accuracy of the test results of the photovoltaic modules 7 .

In this embodiment, the hinge includes a hinge base 54 and a hinge shaft. Among the two parts connected to the hinge base 54, one part is fixedly connected to the hinge base 54 through bolts, and the other part is rotatably connected to the hinge base 54 through a hinge shaft or bolts . For example, the hinge seat 54 and the beam 52 are fixedly connected by bolts, the lower end of the inclined beam 53 and the hinge seat 54 are connected by bolt rotation; the upper end of the inclined beam 53 and the hinge seat 54 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the upper end of the column 56 and the hinge seat 54 are connected by bolts. Bolts are rotatably connected; similarly, the lower end of the column 56 is rotatably connected to the hinge seat 54, and the hinge seat 54 and the beam 52 are fixedly connected by bolts. When the height of the tripod needs to be adjusted, open the fixing bolt at the position of the upright column 56, move the upright column 56 to the right, the angle between the upright column 56 and the inclined beam 53 increases, the height of the triangle decreases, and the inclination angle of the inclined beam 53 decreases. Small; when the column 56 is moved to the left, the angle between the column 56 and the inclined beam 53 decreases, the height of the triangle increases, and the inclination angle of the inclined beam 53 increases.

As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the beam 52 is a telescopic structure with adjustable length, and the length of the beam 52 is adjusted to adapt to the test installation of the photovoltaic modules 7 of different widths. Specifically, there are several installation holes on the beam, the beam is divided into two sections, and the two sections of beams are overlapped. The length of the overall beam can be adjusted by the length of the overlap, and the lap joint can be fixed with bolts.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 3 , the height-adjustable tripod may also be a telescopic structure with the column 56 , and the height of the tripod can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the column 56 . The adjustment structure of the upright column 56 has the same principle as the adjustment structure of the beam.

As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 , the tripod and the beam are made of profiled steel, and the profiled steel is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the length direction. Set up multiple mounting holes for easy fixing, installation and adjustment.

As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 , the section steel is any one of channel steel, I-beam or angle steel.

As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the pressing member includes a pressing block 51 provided with a through hole and a bolt for fastening, and the bolt passes through the pressing member 51 . The through holes of the block 51 , the through holes of the frame of the photovoltaic assembly 7 and the installation holes on the beam are used to install the photovoltaic assembly 7 on the tripod.

As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 1 , the spray device 6 includes a water tank, a water pump and a spray head connected to the water pump, and the spray head is supported by a hard pipe 61 connected to the water pump above the photovoltaic module 7 . The rigid pipe 61 may be a PVC pipe or a metal pipe, such as a stainless steel pipe. The water tank and the water pump are conventional technologies, which are not shown in the figure. A control valve is provided on the hard pipe 61 , and different levels of rainfall are provided for the photovoltaic module 7 by adjusting the control valve.

As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 1 , the temperature control device includes an electric heating rod disposed at the bottom of the test water tank 3 . The electric heating rod is a U-shaped heating rod, and the temperature of the water in the test tank 3 is controlled by current control of the electric heating rod. The temperature control device used for water temperature control, the electric heating rod is also a conventional device for heating the water temperature, which is a well-known technology in the art, and is not shown here.

The present invention also provides a method for testing the wet insulation performance of photovoltaic modules, referring to FIG. 1 , comprising the following steps:

Step 1, install the photovoltaic module 7 to be tested on the test stand 5; at the same time or first adjust the water temperature in the test water tank 3 to room temperature -30°C; the specific water temperature can be adjusted to 22±2°C;

Step 2, fixing a thermocouple on the surface of the photovoltaic assembly 7 for collecting the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly 7;

Step 3, connect the positive and negative poles of the DC voltage-stabilized power supply 2 to the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic assembly 7 to heat the photovoltaic assembly 7;

Step 4, input a current value of 1 times or more of its working current to the photovoltaic assembly 7, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly 7 is maintained at its nominal working temperature ±2°C;

Step 5, open the spray device 6, and spray the back of the photovoltaic module 7 with normal temperature water with a resistivity not greater than 3500Ω/cm for 20±5min;

Step 6, turning the photovoltaic assembly 7 over by 180°, and spraying the front of the photovoltaic assembly 7 for 30±5min;

Step 7, after the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module 7 are sprayed, the current stops supplying power;

Step 8, the positive electrode of the insulation tester 1 is connected to the positive and negative connectors of the photovoltaic assembly 7, and the negative electrode of the insulation tester 1 is connected to the grounding point of the photovoltaic assembly 7;

Step 9, apply a voltage value of 1 times or more the maximum system voltage to the photovoltaic module 7 for 10±5min, and record the insulation resistance value; the maximum system voltage is the amount that can be applied when the photovoltaic module 7 is applied to the equipment or to the system. The maximum voltage, the insulation tester 1 is used to test the insulation performance of the module, which can provide a pressure value of 500V or higher than the maximum system voltage of the photovoltaic module 7;

Step 10, insulation test result = insulation resistance value × area of photovoltaic module 7;

In step eleven, the water pressure of the spray device 6 is adjusted to simulate different levels of rainfall in nature, and the test steps are repeated to obtain insulation test results under different water spray amounts.

In the present invention, the photovoltaic module 7 is sprayed by rainwater at the working temperature and its insulation resistance is tested, which can more truly reflect the insulation condition of the photovoltaic module 7 in the natural environment. And by simulating different levels of rainfall, different insulation resistance values can be obtained, which is of great help to the material selection, process optimization and finished product quality of the photovoltaic module 7, and is conducive to ensuring and improving the safety performance of the photovoltaic module 7.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. Photovoltaic module insulation testing device, is characterized in that, comprises: A test water tank, a temperature control device for adjusting the water temperature is arranged in the test water tank, the test water tank is made of insulating material, or the inner wall of the test water tank is an insulating material; a test platform, arranged in the test water tank; a test bracket, supported on the test platform, for fixing the photovoltaic module to be tested; an insulation tester, located outside the test water tank, for testing the insulation resistance value of the photovoltaic module; The spraying device is located above the photovoltaic modules, and is used for simulating the natural rainwater state and spraying water to the photovoltaic modules. 2. The photovoltaic module insulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the test support comprises: two tripods, the two tripods are supported on the test platform in parallel, and the tripods include bottom beams, inclined beams and upright columns connected end to end in sequence; Two beams are connected in parallel on the two inclined beams corresponding to the two tripods, and the beams connect the two tripods as a whole; the photovoltaic modules are fixed on the beams by pressing parts superior. 3 . The photovoltaic module insulation testing device according to claim 2 , wherein the tripod is a height-adjustable structure, wherein the bottom beam and the inclined beam are hinged through a hinge, and the inclined beam is connected to the slant beam. 4 . The upright column is hinged by a hinge, and the upright column and the bottom beam are hinged by a hinge; by adjusting the hinge position of the upright column and the bottom beam, the inclination angle of the inclined beam is increased or decreased to adjust The placement angle of the photovoltaic module. 4 . The photovoltaic module insulation testing device according to claim 2 , wherein the beam is a telescopic structure with adjustable length, and the length of the beam can be adjusted to adapt to the test of the photovoltaic modules of different widths. 5 . Install. 5 . The photovoltaic module insulation testing device according to claim 2 , wherein the tripod and the beam are made of profiled steel, and the profiled steel is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the length direction. 6 . 6 . The photovoltaic module insulation testing device according to claim 5 , wherein the shaped steel is any one of channel steel, I-beam steel or angle steel. 7 . 7 . The photovoltaic module insulation testing device according to claim 5 , wherein the pressing member comprises a pressing block provided with a through hole and a bolt for fastening, and the bolt passes through the pressure block. 8 . The through holes, the through holes of the frame of the photovoltaic component and the installation holes on the beam are used to install the photovoltaic component on the tripod. 8. The photovoltaic module insulation testing device according to claim 1, wherein the spray device comprises a water tank, a water pump and a spray head connected with the water pump, the spray head is supported by a hard pipe connected with the water pump above the photovoltaic modules. 9 . The photovoltaic module insulation testing device according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature control device comprises an electric heating rod arranged at the bottom of the testing water tank. 10 . 10. A method for testing the wet insulation performance of photovoltaic modules, comprising the following steps: Install the PV module to be tested on the test stand; Fixing a thermocouple on the surface of the photovoltaic module for collecting the temperature of the photovoltaic module; Connect the positive and negative poles of the DC voltage-stabilized power supply to the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic component to heat the photovoltaic component; Input a current value of 1 times or more of its operating current to the photovoltaic module, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is kept at ±2°C of its nominal operating temperature; Turn on the spray device, and spray the back of the photovoltaic module with normal temperature water with a resistivity not greater than 3500Ω/cm for 20±5min; Turn the photovoltaic module 180°, and spray the front of the photovoltaic module for 30±5min; After the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module are sprayed, the current stops supplying power; The positive pole of the insulation tester is connected to the positive and negative pole connectors of the photovoltaic module, and the negative pole of the insulation tester is connected to the grounding point of the photovoltaic module; Apply a voltage value equal to or higher than the maximum system voltage to the photovoltaic module for 10±5min, and record the insulation resistance value; Insulation test result = insulation resistance value × photovoltaic module area; Adjust the water pressure of the spray device, simulate the natural rainwater state, repeat the test steps, and obtain the insulation test results under different water spray volumes.

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