CN111562351B - Automatic monitoring device and method for water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment inlet water - Google Patents

Automatic monitoring device and method for water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment inlet water Download PDF

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CN111562351B
CN111562351B CN202010465059.3A CN202010465059A CN111562351B CN 111562351 B CN111562351 B CN 111562351B CN 202010465059 A CN202010465059 A CN 202010465059A CN 111562351 B CN111562351 B CN 111562351B
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control valve
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pipe
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CN111562351A (en
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牛犇
孙勇
徐华伟
吕小林
王浩
杜艳超
汪永威
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Huazhong Electric Power Test Research Institute China of Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic monitoring device and a method for a reverse osmosis device inlet water quality pollution index, wherein the monitoring device comprises a water sample storage tank, a microporous filter, a metering cylinder, a backwashing water tank and a pipeline connected between the monitoring device and the backwashing water tank, the surface of a microporous filter membrane is washed by a backwashing pipe and a backwashing pump, impurities such as particles, colloid, bacteria and the like on the surface of the microporous filter membrane are removed, the microporous filter membrane in the microporous filter does not need to be replaced after each measurement, the measurement interval time of the inlet water quality pollution index is shortened, a change curve can be drawn after data are collected by a computer, the pollution tendency of reverse osmosis inlet water is judged by observing the change curve, whether a pretreatment system of the reverse osmosis device is normal or not is diagnosed in time, the automatic monitoring of the reverse osmosis device inlet water quality pollution index is realized, the labor input is reduced, and the manual operation error is reduced.

Description

一种反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置及方法An automatic monitoring device and method for reverse osmosis equipment influent water quality pollution index

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及反渗透设备进水水质污染指数测定领域，特别涉及一种反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置及方法。The invention relates to the field of measuring the water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment, in particular to an automatic monitoring device and method for the water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment.

背景技术Background technique

水质污染指数（SDI）是衡量反渗透装置进水水质的重要指标之一，是反渗透装置日常运行中必须要监控的水质指标。目前，测定方法为定期离线测定，即每隔一段时间取被测水样，使其在207kPa的恒定表压下通过直径为47mm、孔径为0.45μm的微孔滤膜，水样中凡直径大于0.45μm的微粒、胶体、细菌等杂质全部被截留在膜面上，使水通过滤膜的流速降低，根据收集初始透过滤膜的500mL水样所需时间γ 0，和过滤一段时间γ后再收集500mL水样所需时间γ 1，从而计算出水样的污染指数。该测定方法缺点是，每次测定后必需人工更换新的微孔滤膜，耗时费力，增加成本，且无法连续监测，安装微孔滤膜的微孔过滤器频繁地拆卸易造成泄露、偏流和微孔滤膜的不平整。由于上述缺点，许多热力发电厂反渗透设备进水水质污染指数测量间隔时间较长，一般在3h以上，反渗透装置处于高污染程度时无法及时发现。因此，针对上述技术缺陷，亟需研发一种反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置及方法，以缩短进水水质污染指数的测量间隔时间，提高水质处理的质量。The water pollution index (SDI) is one of the important indicators to measure the water quality of the reverse osmosis device, and it is a water quality index that must be monitored in the daily operation of the reverse osmosis device. At present, the measurement method is regular off-line measurement, that is, the water sample to be tested is taken at regular intervals to pass through a microporous membrane with a diameter of 47 mm and a pore size of 0.45 μm under a constant gauge pressure of 207 kPa. 0.45μm particles, colloids, bacteria and other impurities are all trapped on the membrane surface, which reduces the flow rate of water passing through the filter membrane. According to the time required to collect 500mL water samples that initially pass through the filter membrane The time required to collect 500mL water sample is γ 1 , so as to calculate the pollution index of the water sample. The disadvantage of this measurement method is that it is necessary to manually replace the new microporous filter membrane after each measurement, which is time-consuming and laborious, increases costs, and cannot be continuously monitored. Frequent disassembly of the microporous filter installed with the microporous filter membrane may easily cause leakage and bias flow and the unevenness of the microporous membrane. Due to the above shortcomings, the measurement interval of the influent water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment in many thermal power plants is long, generally more than 3 hours, and it cannot be detected in time when the reverse osmosis device is at a high pollution level. Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned technical defects, it is urgent to develop an automatic monitoring device and method for the influent water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment, so as to shorten the measurement interval of the influent water quality pollution index and improve the quality of water quality treatment.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了解决上述问题，本发明提出一种反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置及方法。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an automatic monitoring device and method for the pollution index of the influent water of reverse osmosis equipment.

具体内容如下：一种反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置，该装置包括水样储存箱、微孔过滤器、计量筒、反洗水箱及连接管路，其特征是：The specific content is as follows: an automatic monitoring device for the water pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment, the device includes a water sample storage tank, a microporous filter, a metering cylinder, a backwash water tank and a connecting pipeline, and is characterized in that:

所述的水样储存箱通过取样管与反渗透设备进水母管接通，在取样管上串联接通有控制阀门A，在水样储存箱的底部还接通有第一排空管，该第一排空管上串联接通有控制阀门B，在水样储存箱的底部还接通有总出水管，该总出水管上自水样储存箱所在的一端起依次串联接通有给水泵、控制阀门C、稳压阀、逆止阀和控制阀门D，在逆止阀与稳压阀之间的总出水管上接通有压力表；The water sample storage tank is connected to the water inlet pipe of the reverse osmosis equipment through a sampling pipe, a control valve A is connected in series on the sampling pipe, and a first emptying pipe is also connected to the bottom of the water sample storage tank. A control valve B is connected in series on the first emptying pipe, and a main outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the water sample storage tank, and a feed pump is connected in series on the main outlet pipe starting from the end where the water sample storage tank is located. , control valve C, pressure stabilizing valve, check valve and control valve D, and a pressure gauge is connected to the total outlet pipe between the check valve and the stabilizing valve;

所述的计量筒与总出水管之间接通有过滤管，该过滤管接通在控制阀门D与逆止阀之间的总出水管上，在过滤管上自计量筒所在的一端起依次串联接通有控制阀门G、微孔过滤器和控制阀门E，且微孔过滤器内设置有微孔滤膜，在微孔过滤器和控制阀门G之间的过滤管上还接通有第二排空管，该第二排空管上串联接通有控制阀门F，在计量筒的底部还接通有第三排空管，该第三排空管上串联接通有控制阀门H；A filter pipe is connected between the metering cylinder and the main water outlet pipe, and the filter pipe is connected to the main water outlet pipe between the control valve D and the check valve, and connected in series on the filter pipe from the end where the metering cylinder is located. A control valve G, a microporous filter and a control valve E are connected, and a microporous filter membrane is arranged in the microporous filter, and a second filter tube is connected between the microporous filter and the control valve G. An emptying pipe, a control valve F is connected in series on the second emptying pipe, and a third emptying pipe is connected in series at the bottom of the metering cylinder, and a control valve H is connected in series on the third emptying pipe;

所述的反洗水箱通过反洗管与微孔过滤器和控制阀门G之间的过滤管接通，在该反洗管上自反洗水箱所在的一端起依次串联接通有反洗泵和控制阀门I。The backwash water tank is connected through the filter pipe between the backwash pipe and the microporous filter and the control valve G, and the backwash pump and Control valve I.

优选的，所述的微孔过滤器内设置的微孔滤膜的材质为亲水性硝酸纤维素和醋酸纤维素的混合膜。Preferably, the material of the microporous membrane provided in the microporous filter is a mixed membrane of hydrophilic cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate.

优选的，所述的反洗水箱内盛装的反冲洗水为反渗透设备处理后的水。Preferably, the backwash water contained in the backwash water tank is water treated by reverse osmosis equipment.

优选的，所述的第一排空管、第二排空管和第三排空管均接通至排污管上。Preferably, the first emptying pipe, the second emptying pipe and the third emptying pipe are all connected to the sewage pipe.

优选的，所述的总出水管的自由端也接通至排污管上。Preferably, the free end of the main outlet pipe is also connected to the sewage pipe.

优选的，所述的压力表的测量范围的最大值不小于207kPa。Preferably, the maximum value of the measuring range of the pressure gauge is not less than 207kPa.

优选的，所述的水样储存箱内设有液位传感器。Preferably, a liquid level sensor is provided in the water sample storage tank.

优选的，所述的计量筒内设有液位传感器和计时器。Preferably, a liquid level sensor and a timer are arranged in the metering cylinder.

一种应用上述的反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置的监测方法，该方法包括如下步骤：A monitoring method using the automatic monitoring device of the above-mentioned reverse osmosis equipment inlet water quality pollution index, the method comprises the following steps:

①向水样储存箱内加注样品水，打开控制阀门A，关闭控制阀门B和控制阀门C，反渗透设备进水母管内的样品水通过取样管进入水样储存箱内并达到预设的液面高度；① Fill sample water into the water sample storage tank, open control valve A, close control valve B and control valve C, and the sample water in the water inlet tube of the reverse osmosis equipment enters the water sample storage tank through the sampling tube and reaches the preset liquid level. surface height;

②清洗总出水管，水样储存箱内的液面达到预设高度后，关闭控制阀门A，打开控制阀门C、稳压阀、逆止阀和控制阀门D，并关闭控制阀门E，然后打开给水泵，通过样品水对总出水管进行冲洗，最后样品水通过控制阀门D排出，且冲洗时间不少于2分钟；②Clean the main outlet pipe. After the liquid level in the water sample storage tank reaches the preset height, close control valve A, open control valve C, pressure stabilizing valve, check valve and control valve D, close control valve E, and then open The feed water pump flushes the main outlet pipe with sample water, and finally the sample water is discharged through the control valve D, and the flushing time is not less than 2 minutes;

③总出水管冲洗完成后，关闭控制阀门D，打开控制阀门E和控制阀门G，并关闭控制阀门F、控制阀门H和控制阀门I，调节稳压阀使压力表的示数值为207kPa，样品水通过控制阀门E进入微孔过滤器，样品水被微孔过滤器过滤后进入计量筒内，同时计量筒开始记录筒内样品水的体积及对应的注水时间，当计量筒内样品水的体积达到500mL时，对应的注水时间为γ 0秒；③ After the main outlet pipe is flushed, close control valve D, open control valve E and control valve G, and close control valve F, control valve H and control valve I, adjust the pressure stabilizing valve so that the value indicated by the pressure gauge is 207kPa, the sample Water enters the microporous filter through the control valve E, and the sample water is filtered by the microporous filter and enters the measuring cylinder. At the same time, the measuring cylinder starts to record the volume of sample water in the cylinder and the corresponding water injection time. When the volume of sample water in the measuring cylinder When it reaches 500mL, the corresponding water injection time is γ 0 seconds;

④计量筒内样品水的体积达到500mL后，然后关闭控制阀门G，打开控制阀门F，并打开控制阀门H将计量筒内的样品水排空，且被微孔过滤器过滤后的样品水通过控制阀门F排出，同时开始记录该段样品水被过滤的时间间隔γ分钟；④ After the volume of the sample water in the measuring cylinder reaches 500mL, then close the control valve G, open the control valve F, and open the control valve H to empty the sample water in the measuring cylinder, and the sample water filtered by the microporous filter passes through Control the discharge of valve F, and start recording the time interval γ minutes during which the sample water is filtered;

⑤当过滤间隔时间γ达到预设值，关闭控制阀门F、控制阀门H，打开控制阀门G，样品水通过控制阀门E进入微孔过滤器，样品水被微孔过滤器过滤后再次进入计量筒内，同时计量筒开始记录筒内样品水的体积及对应的注水时间，当计量筒内样品水的体积达到500mL时，对应的注水时间为γ 1秒；⑤When the filtration interval time γ reaches the preset value, close the control valve F, control valve H, open the control valve G, the sample water enters the microporous filter through the control valve E, and the sample water enters the measuring cylinder again after being filtered by the microporous filter At the same time, the metering cylinder starts to record the volume of sample water in the cylinder and the corresponding water injection time. When the volume of sample water in the metering cylinder reaches 500mL, the corresponding water injection time is γ 1 second;

⑥计量筒内样品水的体积再次达到500mL后，关闭控制阀门G和给水泵，打开反洗泵、控制阀门I、控制阀门D和控制阀门H，反洗水箱中的反冲洗水通过控制阀门I后，对微孔过滤器进行反洗，将微孔过滤器内微孔滤膜膜面上的微粒、胶体、细菌等杂质去除，最终通过控制阀门D排出，计量筒中的样品水通过控制阀门H排空；⑥ After the volume of the sample water in the metering cylinder reaches 500mL again, close the control valve G and the feed water pump, turn on the backwash pump, control valve I, control valve D and control valve H, and the backwash water in the backwash water tank passes through the control valve I Finally, backwash the microporous filter to remove particles, colloids, bacteria and other impurities on the surface of the microporous membrane in the microporous filter, and finally discharge through the control valve D, and the sample water in the metering cylinder passes through the control valve H emptying;

⑦关闭反洗泵、控制阀门I，打开控制阀门F和控制阀门B，微孔过滤器及过滤管中的残留水通过控制阀门F排出，水样储存箱内的水通过控制阀门B排空；⑦Close the backwash pump and control valve I, open control valve F and control valve B, the residual water in the microporous filter and filter tube is discharged through the control valve F, and the water in the water sample storage tank is emptied through the control valve B;

⑧通过计算公式计算出反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的值，该值越大表示反渗透设备进水水质的污染越严重；⑧Calculate the value of the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment through the calculation formula. The larger the value, the more serious the pollution of the water quality of the reverse osmosis equipment;

⑨重复步骤①-⑧，将所有的值通过计算机采集数据后绘制变化曲线，观测变化曲线判断反渗透设备进水水质的污染倾向大小。⑨Repeat steps ①-⑧, collect all the values through the computer and draw the change curve, observe the change curve to judge the pollution tendency of the influent water quality of the reverse osmosis equipment.

本发明的有益技术效果：Beneficial technical effect of the present invention:

本发明是一种反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置，其中监测装置包括水样储存箱、微孔过滤器、计量筒、反洗水箱及其之间连接的管路，通过反洗管及反洗泵冲洗微孔滤膜膜面，去除微孔滤膜膜面上的微粒、胶体、细菌等杂质，每次测定后无需更换微孔过滤器内的微孔滤膜，缩短进水水质污染指数的测量间隔时间，还可通过计算机采集数据后绘制变化曲线，通过观测变化曲线判断反渗透进水的污染倾向大小，及时诊断反渗透设备预处理系统是否正常，实现反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动连续监测，减少人力投入，并降低人为操作误差。The invention is an automatic monitoring device for the water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment, wherein the monitoring device includes a water sample storage tank, a microporous filter, a metering cylinder, a backwash water tank and the pipelines connected therebetween. Tube and backwash pump flush the surface of the microporous membrane to remove particles, colloids, bacteria and other impurities on the surface of the microporous membrane. After each measurement, there is no need to replace the microporous membrane in the microporous filter, which shortens the time of water inflow. The measurement interval of the water pollution index can also be used to collect data through the computer and draw a change curve. By observing the change curve, the pollution tendency of the reverse osmosis influent water can be judged, and the pretreatment system of the reverse osmosis equipment can be diagnosed in time. Automatic and continuous monitoring of water pollution index reduces manpower input and human error.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置的连接关系示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the connection relation of the automatic monitoring device of the influent water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment;

图2为A电厂在某24h内的变化曲线图；Fig. 2 is the change curve of A power plant within a certain 24h;

图3为B电厂在某24h内的变化曲线图；Fig. 3 is the change curve of B power plant within a certain 24h;

图中：11.反渗透设备进水母管、12.取样管、13.控制阀门A、14.水样储存箱、15.第一排空管、16.控制阀门B、17.给水泵、18.控制阀门C、19.稳压阀、20.压力表、21.逆止阀、22.总出水管、23.控制阀门D、24.控制阀门E、25.微孔过滤器、26.第二排空管、27.过滤管、28.控制阀门G、29.控制阀门I、30.反洗泵、31.计量筒、32.第三排空管、33.控制阀门H、34.反洗管、35.反洗水箱、36.控制阀门F。In the figure: 11. Inlet jellyfish pipe of reverse osmosis equipment, 12. Sampling pipe, 13. Control valve A, 14. Water sample storage tank, 15. First emptying pipe, 16. Control valve B, 17. Feed water pump, 18 .Control valve C, 19. Regulator valve, 20. Pressure gauge, 21. Check valve, 22. Main outlet pipe, 23. Control valve D, 24. Control valve E, 25. Microporous filter, 26. No. Second emptying pipe, 27. Filter pipe, 28. Control valve G, 29. Control valve I, 30. Backwash pump, 31. Measuring cylinder, 32. Third emptying pipe, 33. Control valve H, 34. Reverse Washing pipe, 35. backwash water tank, 36. control valve F.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例一，参见图1，一种反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置，该装置包括水样储存箱、微孔过滤器、计量筒、反洗水箱及其之间连接的管路；Embodiment 1, referring to Fig. 1, an automatic monitoring device for the water quality index of reverse osmosis equipment, the device includes a water sample storage tank, a microporous filter, a metering cylinder, a backwash water tank and pipelines connected therebetween ;

所述的水样储存箱通过取样管与反渗透设备进水母管接通，在取样管上串联接通有控制阀门A，在水样储存箱的底部还接通有第一排空管，该第一排空管上串联接通有控制阀门B，水样储存箱内设有液位传感器，用于测量水箱内的液位，在水样储存箱的底部还接通有总出水管，该总出水管上自水样储存箱所在的一端起依次串联接通有给水泵、控制阀门C、稳压阀、逆止阀和控制阀门D，在逆止阀与稳压阀之间的总出水管上接通有压力表；所述的压力表的测量范围的最大值不小于207kPa，满足设备使用的需求。The water sample storage tank is connected to the water inlet pipe of the reverse osmosis equipment through a sampling pipe, a control valve A is connected in series on the sampling pipe, and a first emptying pipe is also connected to the bottom of the water sample storage tank. A control valve B is connected in series on the first emptying pipe, and a liquid level sensor is provided in the water sample storage tank to measure the liquid level in the water tank. A main outlet pipe is also connected to the bottom of the water sample storage tank. From the end where the water sample storage tank is located, the main outlet pipe is connected in series with the feed pump, control valve C, pressure stabilizing valve, check valve and control valve D. The main outlet between the check valve and the pressure stabilizing valve A pressure gauge is connected to the water pipe; the maximum measurement range of the pressure gauge is not less than 207kPa, which meets the needs of the equipment.

所述的计量筒与总出水管之间接通有过滤管，该过滤管接通在控制阀门D与逆止阀之间的总出水管上，在过滤管上自计量筒所在的一端起依次串联接通有控制阀门G、微孔过滤器和控制阀门E，且微孔过滤器内设置有微孔滤膜，在微孔过滤器和控制阀门G之间的过滤管上还接通有第二排空管，该第二排空管上串联接通有控制阀门F，在计量筒的底部还接通有第三排空管，该第三排空管上串联接通有控制阀门H；所述的计量筒内设有液位传感器和计时器，分别用于记录计量筒内液体的体积及注入对应体积液体所需要的时间；A filter pipe is connected between the metering cylinder and the main water outlet pipe, and the filter pipe is connected to the main water outlet pipe between the control valve D and the check valve, and connected in series on the filter pipe from the end where the metering cylinder is located. A control valve G, a microporous filter and a control valve E are connected, and a microporous filter membrane is arranged in the microporous filter, and a second filter tube is connected between the microporous filter and the control valve G. An emptying pipe, the second emptying pipe is connected in series with a control valve F, and a third emptying pipe is connected at the bottom of the metering cylinder, and a control valve H is connected in series on the third emptying pipe; The measuring cylinder is provided with a liquid level sensor and a timer, which are respectively used to record the volume of the liquid in the measuring cylinder and the time required to inject the corresponding volume of liquid;

所述的反洗水箱通过反洗管与微孔过滤器和控制阀门G之间的过滤管接通，在该反洗管上自反洗水箱所在的一端起依次串联接通有反洗泵和控制阀门I。The backwash water tank is connected through the filter pipe between the backwash pipe and the microporous filter and the control valve G, and the backwash pump and Control valve I.

所述的微孔过滤器内设置的微孔滤膜的材质为白色亲水性硝酸纤维素和醋酸纤维素混合膜。The material of the microporous membrane provided in the microporous filter is white hydrophilic nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate mixed membrane.

所述的反洗水箱内盛装的反冲洗水为反渗透设备处理后的产品水，保证反冲洗水的水质，保证反冲洗效果，减小监测误差。The backwash water contained in the backwash water tank is the product water treated by the reverse osmosis equipment, which ensures the water quality of the backwash water, guarantees the backwash effect, and reduces monitoring errors.

所述的第一排空管、第二排空管和第三排空管均接通至排污管上，所述的总出水管的自由端也接通至排污管上。将样品水集中排放至排污管中，避免随意排放。The first emptying pipe, the second emptying pipe and the third emptying pipe are all connected to the sewage pipe, and the free end of the main outlet pipe is also connected to the sewage pipe. Discharge the sample water centrally into the sewage pipe to avoid random discharge.

实施例二，参见图1，一种应用实施例一所述的反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置的监测方法，该方法包括如下步骤：Embodiment two, referring to Fig. 1, a kind of monitoring method of the automatic monitoring device of water quality index of water quality of reverse osmosis equipment described in application embodiment one, this method comprises the following steps:

①向水样储存箱内加注样品水，打开控制阀门A，关闭控制阀门B和控制阀门C，反渗透设备进水母管内的样品水通过取样管进入水样储存箱内并达到预设的液面高度；① Fill sample water into the water sample storage tank, open control valve A, close control valve B and control valve C, and the sample water in the water inlet tube of the reverse osmosis equipment enters the water sample storage tank through the sampling tube and reaches the preset liquid level. surface height;

②清洗总出水管，水样储存箱内的液面达到预设高度后，关闭控制阀门A，打开控制阀门C、稳压阀、逆止阀和控制阀门D，并关闭控制阀门E，然后打开给水泵，通过样品水对总出水管进行冲洗，最后样品水通过控制阀门D排出，且冲洗时间不少于2分钟；②Clean the main outlet pipe. After the liquid level in the water sample storage tank reaches the preset height, close control valve A, open control valve C, pressure stabilizing valve, check valve and control valve D, close control valve E, and then open The feed water pump flushes the main outlet pipe with sample water, and finally the sample water is discharged through the control valve D, and the flushing time is not less than 2 minutes;

③总出水管冲洗完成后，关闭控制阀门D，打开控制阀门E和控制阀门G，并关闭控制阀门F、控制阀门H和控制阀门I，调节稳压阀使压力表的示数值为207kPa，样品水通过控制阀门E进入微孔过滤器，样品水被微孔过滤器过滤后进入计量筒内，同时计量筒开始记录筒内样品水的体积及对应的注水时间，当计量筒内样品水的体积达到500ml时，对应的注水时间为γ 0秒；③ After the main outlet pipe is flushed, close control valve D, open control valve E and control valve G, and close control valve F, control valve H and control valve I, adjust the pressure stabilizing valve so that the value indicated by the pressure gauge is 207kPa, the sample Water enters the microporous filter through the control valve E, and the sample water is filtered by the microporous filter and enters the measuring cylinder. At the same time, the measuring cylinder starts to record the volume of sample water in the cylinder and the corresponding water injection time. When the volume of sample water in the measuring cylinder When it reaches 500ml, the corresponding water injection time is γ 0 seconds;

④计量筒内样品水的体积达到500mL后，然后关闭控制阀门G，打开控制阀门F，并打开控制阀门H将计量筒内的样品水排空，且被微孔过滤器过滤后的样品水通过控制阀门F排出，同时开始记录该段样品水被过滤的时间间隔γ分钟；γ的值一般为5min、10min或者15min，若γ 0变化曲线增长较快，应进一步降低过滤间隔时间γ，同时对反渗透预处理系统进行检查；④ After the volume of the sample water in the measuring cylinder reaches 500mL, then close the control valve G, open the control valve F, and open the control valve H to empty the sample water in the measuring cylinder, and the sample water filtered by the microporous filter passes through Control the valve F to discharge, and start to record the time interval γ minutes during which the sample water is filtered; the value of γ is generally 5min , 10min or 15min. Check the reverse osmosis pretreatment system;

⑤当过滤间隔时间γ达到预设值，关闭控制阀门F、控制阀门H，打开控制阀门G，样品水通过控制阀门E进入微孔过滤器，样品水被微孔过滤器过滤后再次进入计量筒内，同时计量筒开始记录筒内样品水的体积及对应的注水时间，当计量筒内样品水的体积达到500mL时，对应的注水时间为γ 1秒；⑤When the filtration interval time γ reaches the preset value, close the control valve F, control valve H, open the control valve G, the sample water enters the microporous filter through the control valve E, and the sample water enters the measuring cylinder again after being filtered by the microporous filter At the same time, the metering cylinder starts to record the volume of sample water in the cylinder and the corresponding water injection time. When the volume of sample water in the metering cylinder reaches 500mL, the corresponding water injection time is γ 1 second;

⑥计量筒内样品水的体积再次达到500mL后，关闭控制阀门G和给水泵，打开反洗泵、控制阀门I、控制阀门D和控制阀门H，反洗水箱中的反冲洗水通过控制阀门I后，对微孔过滤器进行反洗，将微孔过滤器内微孔滤膜膜面上的微粒、胶体、细菌等杂质去除，最终通过控制阀门D排出，计量筒中的样品水通过控制阀门H排空；通过反洗去除微孔滤膜膜面上的微粒、胶体、细菌等杂质，每次测定后无需更换微孔过滤器的微孔滤膜；⑥ After the volume of the sample water in the metering cylinder reaches 500mL again, close the control valve G and the feed water pump, turn on the backwash pump, control valve I, control valve D and control valve H, and the backwash water in the backwash water tank passes through the control valve I Finally, backwash the microporous filter to remove particles, colloids, bacteria and other impurities on the surface of the microporous membrane in the microporous filter, and finally discharge through the control valve D, and the sample water in the metering cylinder passes through the control valve H Evacuation; remove particles, colloids, bacteria and other impurities on the surface of the microporous membrane membrane by backwashing, and there is no need to replace the microporous membrane of the microporous filter after each measurement;

⑦关闭反洗泵、控制阀门I，打开控制阀门F和控制阀门B，微孔过滤器及过滤管中的残留水通过控制阀门F排出，水样储存箱内的水通过控制阀门B排空；⑦Close the backwash pump and control valve I, open control valve F and control valve B, the residual water in the microporous filter and filter tube is discharged through the control valve F, and the water in the water sample storage tank is emptied through the control valve B;

⑧通过计算公式计算出反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的值，该值越大表示反渗透设备进水水质的污染越严重；⑧Calculate the value of the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment through the calculation formula. The larger the value, the more serious the pollution of the water quality of the reverse osmosis equipment;

⑨重复步骤①-⑧，实现反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的连续监测，将所有的值通过计算机采集数据后绘制变化曲线，观测变化曲线判断反渗透设备进水水质的污染倾向大小，及时诊断反渗透设备预处理系统是否正常。⑨Repeat steps ①-⑧ to realize the continuous monitoring of the pollution index of the influent water quality of the reverse osmosis equipment, draw all the values through the computer to collect data and draw the change curve, observe the change curve to judge the pollution tendency of the influent water quality of the reverse osmosis equipment, and diagnose in time Whether the pretreatment system of reverse osmosis equipment is normal.

实施例三，参见图1-3，为使本发明的目的、技术方案及技术效果更加清楚、明确，下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明的内容做进一步详细说明；可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，而非对本发明的限定；另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部内容。Embodiment 3, referring to Fig. 1-3, in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and technical effect of the present invention clearer and clearer, the content of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments; it can be understood that this The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention; in addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the accompanying drawings only show parts related to the present invention but not all of them.

A电厂采用城市污水处理厂二级处理出水为锅炉补给水水源，反渗透设备预处理系统为：城市污水处理厂二级处理出水→中水处理系统→清水泵→生水加热器→自清洗过滤器→超滤装置→超滤水箱→超滤水泵，采用本发明反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置及方法后，反渗透设备进水水质污染指数测量间隔时间由原来的24h缩短到20min。使用设备后，A电厂在某24h内的变化曲线图请参见图2。A power plant uses the secondary treatment effluent of the urban sewage treatment plant as the boiler feed water source, and the pretreatment system of the reverse osmosis equipment is: secondary treatment effluent of the urban sewage treatment plant → reclaimed water treatment system → clean water pump → raw water heater → self-cleaning filter device → ultrafiltration device → ultrafiltration water tank → ultrafiltration water pump, after adopting the automatic monitoring device and method of the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment inlet water of the present invention, the measurement interval time of the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment inlet water is shortened from the original 24h to 20min. After using the equipment, please refer to Figure 2 for the change curve of power plant A within a certain 24h.

通过分析A电厂在某24h内的变化曲线，发现在短期出现上升趋势，需及时调整超滤系统运行工况，降低反渗透进水。By analyzing the change curve of A power plant within a certain 24h, it is found that there is an upward trend in the short term, and it is necessary to adjust the operating conditions of the ultrafiltration system in time to reduce the reverse osmosis water inflow.

该厂在采用本反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置及方法后，反渗透设备膜元件化学清洗周期延长2~3倍，有效降低反渗透设备的进水污染倾向。After the factory adopts the automatic monitoring device and method of the influent water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment, the chemical cleaning cycle of the membrane elements of the reverse osmosis equipment is extended by 2 to 3 times, effectively reducing the tendency of the influent water pollution of the reverse osmosis equipment.

B电厂采用循环冷却水排污水为锅炉补给水水源，反渗透设备预处理系统为：循环冷却水排污水→预处理机械加速澄清池→双介质过滤器→超滤保安过滤器→超滤装置→超滤水箱→超滤水泵，采用本发明反渗透设备进水水质污染指数的自动监测装置及方法后，反渗透设备进水水质污染指数测量间隔时间由原来的8h缩短到15min。使用设备后，B电厂在某24h内的变化曲线图请参见图3。Power plant B uses circulating cooling water and sewage as the boiler feed water source, and the pretreatment system of reverse osmosis equipment is: circulating cooling water and sewage → pretreatment mechanical acceleration clarification tank → dual-media filter → ultrafiltration security filter → ultrafiltration device → Ultrafiltration water tank → ultrafiltration water pump, after adopting the automatic monitoring device and method of the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment inlet water of the present invention, the measurement interval of the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment inlet water is shortened from the original 8h to 15min. After using the equipment, please refer to Figure 3 for the change curve of Power Plant B within a certain 24h.

通过分析B电厂在某24h内的变化曲线，发现某一时间段反渗透设备进水水质污染指数增长明显，确定反渗透设备正在快速污染。该厂立即组织人员排查原因，发现预处理机械加速澄清池进水负荷变化较快，出水浊度有所升高，通过先降低反渗透设备给水回收率，再稳定机械加速澄清池进水负荷，降低反渗透进水，待下降后，再提高给水回收率，避免了反渗透设备的进一步污染。By analyzing the change curve of power plant B within a certain 24 hours, it was found that the pollution index of the influent water quality of the reverse osmosis equipment increased significantly during a certain period of time, and it was determined that the reverse osmosis equipment was polluting rapidly. The factory immediately organized personnel to investigate the cause and found that the influent load of the pretreatment mechanical accelerated clarification tank changed rapidly, and the turbidity of the effluent increased. By first reducing the feed water recovery rate of the reverse osmosis equipment, and then stabilizing the mechanical accelerated clarifier tank influent load, Reduce the reverse osmosis influent, and then increase the feed water recovery rate after the drop, avoiding further pollution of the reverse osmosis equipment.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an automatic monitoring devices of reverse osmosis equipment quality of water pollution index of intaking, the device include water sample bin, microporous filter, a metering cylinder, backwash water tank and connecting line, characterized by:
the water sample storage tank is communicated with a water inlet main pipe of the reverse osmosis equipment through a sampling pipe, a control valve A is communicated with the sampling pipe in series, a first emptying pipe is communicated with the bottom of the water sample storage tank in series, a control valve B is communicated with the first emptying pipe in series, a main water outlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the water sample storage tank, a water feed pump, a control valve C, a pressure stabilizing valve, a check valve and a control valve D are sequentially communicated with the main water outlet pipe in series from one end of the water sample storage tank, and a pressure gauge is communicated with the main water outlet pipe between the check valve and the pressure stabilizing valve;
a filter pipe is communicated between the metering cylinder and the total water outlet pipe, the filter pipe is communicated on the total water outlet pipe between the control valve D and the check valve, a control valve G, a microporous filter and a control valve E are sequentially communicated in series on the filter pipe from one end where the metering cylinder is located, a microporous filter membrane is arranged in the microporous filter, a second emptying pipe is further communicated on the filter pipe between the microporous filter and the control valve G, a control valve F is communicated in series on the second emptying pipe, a third emptying pipe is communicated at the bottom of the metering cylinder, and a control valve H is communicated in series on the third emptying pipe;
the backwashing water tank is communicated with a filter pipe between the microporous filter and the control valve G through a backwashing pipe, and a backwashing pump and a control valve I are sequentially communicated in series on the backwashing pipe from one end where the backwashing water tank is positioned.
2. The automatic monitoring device for the water quality pollution index of the inlet water of the reverse osmosis equipment as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the microporous filter membrane arranged in the microporous filter is made of a mixed membrane of hydrophilic nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate.
3. The automatic monitoring device for the intake water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the backwashing water contained in the backwashing water tank is water treated by the reverse osmosis equipment.
4. The automatic monitoring device for the water quality pollution index of the inlet water of the reverse osmosis equipment as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: the first emptying pipe, the second emptying pipe and the third emptying pipe are communicated with the sewage discharge pipe.
5. The automatic monitoring device for the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment inlet water as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the free end of the main water outlet pipe is also communicated with the sewage discharge pipe.
6. The automatic monitoring device for the water quality pollution index of the inlet water of the reverse osmosis equipment as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the maximum value of the measuring range of the pressure gauge is not less than 207kPa.
7. The automatic monitoring device for the intake water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that: and a liquid level sensor is arranged in the water sample storage tank.
8. The automatic monitoring device for the intake water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that: a liquid level sensor and a timer are arranged in the metering cylinder.
9. A method for monitoring the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment inlet water by using the automatic monitoring device of the water quality pollution index of the reverse osmosis equipment inlet water, which comprises the following steps:
(1) filling sample water into the water sample storage tank, opening the control valve A, closing the control valve B and the control valve C, and enabling the sample water in the water inlet mother pipe of the reverse osmosis equipment to enter the water sample storage tank through the sampling pipe and reach the preset liquid level height;
(2) cleaning the main water outlet pipe, after the liquid level in the water sample storage tank reaches a preset height, closing the control valve A, opening the control valve C, the pressure stabilizing valve, the check valve and the control valve D, closing the control valve E, then opening the water feeding pump, flushing the main water outlet pipe by sample water, and finally discharging the sample water through the control valve D, wherein the flushing time is not less than 2 minutes;
(3) after the total water outlet pipe is washed, closing the control valve D, opening the control valve E and the control valve G, closing the control valve F, the control valve H and the control valve I, adjusting the pressure stabilizing valve to enable the reading value of the pressure gauge to be 207kPa, enabling sample water to enter the microporous filter through the control valve E, enabling the sample water to enter the metering cylinder after being filtered by the microporous filter, and simultaneously starting the recording of the volume of the sample water in the metering cylinder and the corresponding water injection time by the metering cylinder, wherein when the volume of the sample water in the metering cylinder reaches 500mL, the corresponding water injection time isγ 0 Second;
(4) after the volume of the sample water in the metering cylinder reaches 500mL, the control valve G is closed, the control valve F is opened, the control valve H is opened to empty the sample water in the metering cylinder, the sample water filtered by the microporous filter is discharged through the control valve F, and meanwhile, the time interval of the sample water filtered by the section of sample water is recordedγThe method comprises the following steps of (1) taking minutes;γthe value of (A) is generally 5min, 10min orFor 15min, ifγ 0 The change curve is increased rapidly, and the filtering interval time is further reducedγSimultaneously checking the reverse osmosis pretreatment system;
(5) when filtering the intervalγWhen the volume of the sample water in the measuring cylinder reaches 500mL, the corresponding water injection time is set asγ 1 Second;
(6) after the volume of the sample water in the metering cylinder reaches 500mL again, closing the control valve G and the water feeding pump, opening the backwashing pump, the control valve I, the control valve D and the control valve H, backwashing the microporous filter after backwashing water in the backwashing water tank passes through the control valve I, removing impurities such as particles, colloid and bacteria on the surface of a microporous filter membrane in the microporous filter, finally discharging the impurities through the control valve D, and emptying the sample water in the metering cylinder through the control valve H;
(7) closing the backwashing pump and the control valve I, opening the control valve F and the control valve B, discharging residual water in the microporous filter and the filter pipe through the control valve F, and emptying water in the water sample storage tank through the control valve B;
(8) calculating the value of the pollution index of the water quality of the inlet water of the reverse osmosis equipment through a calculation formula, wherein the larger the value is, the more serious the pollution of the water quality of the inlet water of the reverse osmosis equipment is;
(9) and (5) repeating the steps (1) to (8), collecting data of all the values by a computer, drawing a change curve, and observing the change curve to judge the pollution tendency of the water quality of the water fed into the reverse osmosis equipment.
CN202010465059.3A 2020-05-28 2020-05-28 Automatic monitoring device and method for water quality pollution index of reverse osmosis equipment inlet water Expired - Fee Related CN111562351B (en)

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