CN111562189B - Ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device for diversion trench material - Google Patents

Ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device for diversion trench material Download PDF

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CN111562189B
CN111562189B CN202010481331.7A CN202010481331A CN111562189B CN 111562189 B CN111562189 B CN 111562189B CN 202010481331 A CN202010481331 A CN 202010481331A CN 111562189 B CN111562189 B CN 111562189B
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temperature
alumina ceramic
jet
kerosene
diversion trench
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CN111562189A (en
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张玉
李贝贝
李斌
张建荣
刘汉滨
廖乐平
任朝峰
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
    • G01N3/567Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/04Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/48Control
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222Temperature
    • G01N2203/0226High temperature; Heating means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0694Temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device for a diversion trench material, which comprises a base, a diversion trench scale model, a high-temperature jet loading device and an infrared temperature measuring sensor, wherein the base is provided with a guide trench; four supporting columns are fixed on the base, and a test platform is fixed on the four supporting columns; and a diversion trench reduced scale model and a high-temperature jet flow loading device are arranged on the test platform. The invention can be used for researching the erosion damage degree of different materials under the ultrahigh temperature jet at different jet temperatures and different gas flows, disclosing the erosion mechanism of different materials under the action of the ultrahigh temperature jet, researching the temperature field distribution condition of different materials under the ultrahigh temperature jet, effectively simulating the double-mechanism coupling action of the ultrahigh temperature gas flame ablation and the high-speed gas jet blowing erosion on the diversion trench concrete in the actual launching process of an aircraft, researching the high-temperature damage dynamic evolution rule of the diversion trench concrete under the double-mechanism coupling action, and providing a basis for the construction of corresponding engineering.

Description

Ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device for diversion trench material
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrahigh-temperature jet flow simulation test device, in particular to an ultrahigh-temperature gas jet flow erosion test device for a diversion trench material.
Background field of the invention
With the development of national defense modernization, the launching frequency of the spacecraft and the rocket is continuously improved, and new requirements on the precision and the efficiency of the launching technology are also provided. The continuous technical update is carried out on auxiliary equipment such as machinery, electricity and the like from a spacecraft such as a rocket and the like to a launching field, and relatively speaking, the technical development of the rocket diversion trench and related materials is relatively lagged. On one hand, the rocket diversion trench and the material thereof directly face the ultrahigh-temperature high-speed jet flow ejected by the tail nozzle of the engine when the rocket is launched, so that the working environment is severe and the technical difficulty is high; on the other hand, the diversion trench plays a key role in rocket launching, and the ex-service rocket engine and the test bed are adopted for testing, so that the method is old and weak in pertinence, the research site is fixed, the time is uncontrollable, the test period is long, the research cost is high, the test is high in risk, the operation is complex, the uncontrollable factors are numerous, quantitative data are difficult to extract, even the support frame is melted and damaged, and the method has great risk and blindness. Particularly, in-situ test is carried out in a diversion trench on a rocket launching site, micro-disturbance can be caused to a normal launching boundary to a certain extent, and the micro-disturbance is difficult to implement, and serious consequences can be caused if the guidance of rocket wake flow is influenced.
The dual-mechanism coupling effect of the ultra-high temperature gas flame ablation and the high-speed gas jet flow erosion is the main reason for the degradation of the concrete performance of the diversion trench and the reduction of the service life. In view of the defects of high cost, long test period, complex test piece preparation, difficult reaching of limit temperature and the like of some existing test devices, the hot load working condition of the diversion trench concrete under high-temperature jet impact is difficult to accurately simulate, the difference with the actual emission environment is large, the temperature field distribution condition of the diversion trench concrete under the extreme high-temperature environment is uncertain, and the high-temperature damage dynamic evolution law of the diversion trench concrete cannot be effectively researched. In the present stage, a low-cost and high-efficiency test testing device is urgently needed, the temperature field characteristics of the gas flow field in the diversion trench in the rocket launching process can be effectively simulated, and the performance test and the optimized promotion of the diversion trench material of the launching field are realized by adopting the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high cost, long test period, complex test piece preparation and difficult ultimate temperature reaching of the existing ultrahigh-temperature jet erosion test device, and provides the ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device facing to the diversion trench material in order to more accurately simulate the hot load working condition of diversion trench concrete under high-temperature jet impact and further predict the damage degree of an emission platform in the actual emission environment.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device for a diversion trench material comprises a base, a diversion trench scale model, a high-temperature jet loading device and an infrared temperature measuring sensor.
Four supporting columns are fixed on the base, and a test platform is fixed on each supporting column; a guide groove reduced scale model and a high-temperature jet loading device are arranged on the test platform; the diversion trench reduced scale model is fixed by six rigid pull rods and nuts.
The flow guide groove reduced scale model comprises an alumina ceramic lining; the alumina ceramic lining comprises an alumina ceramic bottom plate, an alumina ceramic front side plate and an alumina ceramic rear side plate, wherein an alumina ceramic top plate covers the alumina ceramic lining, and is mounted on the rigid pull rod through a nut; the right end of the alumina ceramic lining is provided with an opening, the left end of the alumina ceramic lining is fixedly provided with a positioning clamp, the positioning clamp is fixed on the test platform through a fastening bolt, an alumina ceramic base plate is laid on an upper clamping plate of the positioning clamp, and a concrete panel test piece is fixed on the alumina ceramic base plate; the left end of the alumina ceramic top plate is provided with a high-temperature jet hole, and the high-temperature jet hole is positioned right above the center of the concrete panel; and the alumina ceramic base plate and the test platform are both provided with infrared laser temperature measuring holes.
The high-temperature jet loading device comprises a supersonic airflow nozzle, a mixing air chamber, a high-pressure oxygen interface, a kerosene pump, a fixing clamp, a metal support rod, a sliding table, a sliding chute, a high-pressure oxygen conveying pipe, a kerosene storage tank and a high-pressure oxygen storage tank.
The supersonic gas flow nozzle adopts a Laval nozzle.
And the high-pressure oxygen conveying pipe is provided with a pressure gauge, a backfire preventer and a rotor flow meter.
An oxygen input chamber, a porous fire distribution plate and a mixed combustion chamber are arranged in the mixed gas chamber; the porous fire distribution plate is made of tantalum alloy metal materials, the highest bearable temperature can reach 2900 ℃, a plurality of small holes are formed in the surface of the porous fire distribution plate, and the porous fire distribution plate aims to divide input high-pressure oxygen into a plurality of small beams so that the high-pressure oxygen and kerosene can be sufficiently combusted.
The kerosene pump comprises a pump body, a motor and a shell, wherein the motor can drive an impeller in the pump body to rotate at a high speed when being electrified, so that kerosene is sucked from an oil inlet and then is pressed out from an oil outlet. The metal supporting rod can be contracted up and down, the sliding table can move left and right along the direction of the sliding groove, and the purpose is to adjust the height and the horizontal position of the high-temperature jet loading device according to the test requirements.
The multifunctional test device can perform the following four types of tests:
1. and (3) testing the influence of different gas flows on the erosion depth of the test piece. Delaying the temperature invasion speed is the most effective means for prolonging the service life of the refractory concrete of the diversion trench. When the surface of the concrete test piece is in a continuous fire state, the erosion speed of the concrete is greatly increased, the high-temperature jet flow continuously erodes, the temperature reduction and solidification cannot be realized after the exposed surface of the concrete forms a molten state, the progressive erosion is in a continuous state, and the high-temperature invasion rate is increased. The experimental device can change the gas flow to explore the erosion degree of the test piece under different working conditions.
A test method for testing the influence of different gas flows on the erosion depth of a test piece includes fixing a concrete panel test piece above an alumina ceramic backing plate by a positioning fixture, adjusting the thickness of the alumina ceramic backing plate to enable the center of the concrete panel test piece to be opposite to a high-temperature jet hole (an opening at the left end of an alumina ceramic top plate), arranging a metal support rod and a sliding table on a high-temperature jet injection device, adjusting the position of the high-temperature jet injection device by the vertical contraction characteristic of the metal support rod and the left-right movement characteristic of the sliding table to enable a supersonic air flow nozzle to be aligned with the high-temperature jet hole (the opening at the left end of the alumina ceramic top plate), starting a supersonic air flow nozzle switch, screwing the high-pressure oxygen switch to enable high-pressure oxygen to be input into a mixing air chamber, and turning on a kerosene pump switch to enable an impeller in a motor to drive a pump body to rotate at high speed to suck kerosene out from a kerosene storage tank and press the kerosene into the mixing air chamber, the high-pressure oxygen and the kerosene are in mixed contact, an ignition switch is pressed down, an ignition device is started, a high-pressure valve is pulled to adjust the gas flow, the total flow of the high-pressure oxygen of the pipeline is measured through a rotor flow meter, the temperature of the concrete panel test piece after the back fire surface is eroded is recorded through an infrared temperature measuring sensor, and the test of the influence of different gas flows on the erosion depth of the test piece is carried out after the target temperature is reached. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and finishing the test.
2. And (3) testing the influence of different soaking times on the erosion rate of the test piece. In the actual launching process of a high-speed aircraft, jet temperature of a tail flame direct-flushing launching platform reaches more than 2000 ℃ instantly, and the launching platform of the refractory concrete is difficult to bear the high temperature. Refractory concrete launch platforms tend to be damaged at such high temperatures if not sprinkled. Therefore, before the high-speed aircraft is launched, the launching platform needs to be subjected to pre-cooling treatment, and the research on the influence of different water spraying treatment times on the fire resistance of the fire-resistant concrete launching platform is very important.
A test method for testing the influence of different soaking times on the erosion rate of a test piece is characterized in that the test piece of a concrete panel which is soaked at different soaking times is fixed above an alumina ceramic backing plate through a positioning fixture, the center of the test piece of the concrete panel is enabled to be opposite to a high-temperature jet hole (an opening at the left end of an alumina ceramic top plate) through adjusting the thickness of the alumina ceramic backing plate, a high-temperature jet device is provided with a metal support rod and a sliding table, the position of the high-temperature jet device can be adjusted through the vertical contraction characteristic of the metal support rod and the left-right movement characteristic of the sliding table, a supersonic gas flow nozzle is enabled to be aligned with the high-temperature jet hole (the opening at the left end of the alumina ceramic top plate), a supersonic gas flow nozzle switch is started, the high-pressure oxygen switch is screwed to enable high-pressure oxygen to be input into a mixing gas chamber, a kerosene pump switch is turned on to enable a motor to drive an impeller in a pump body to rotate at high speed so as to suck out the kerosene from a kerosene storage tank and press the kerosene mixing gas chamber, the high-pressure oxygen and the kerosene are in mixed contact, an ignition switch is pressed down, an ignition device is started, the temperature of the back fire surface of the test piece after erosion is recorded by an infrared temperature measuring sensor, and the test of the influence of different soaking time on the erosion rate of the test piece is carried out after the target temperature is reached. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and ending the test.
3. And (4) testing the temperature field distribution of the test piece along the section under the ultrahigh temperature jet. The progressive nature of heat invasion makes the concrete form temperature gradient from surface to inside, and efflux temperature and concrete heat transfer coefficient determine the progressive nature of temperature gradient increase and heat-conduction, and it can provide the basis for the transmission platform preparation of corresponding engineering to explore the temperature field distribution of refractory concrete under high temperature.
The distribution test method of the temperature field of the test piece along the cross section under the ultrahigh temperature jet achieves the aim of researching the distribution rule of the internal temperature field of the concrete under the high temperature by measuring the back fire surface temperature of the test piece of the concrete panels with different thicknesses. Concrete panel test pieces with different thicknesses are fixed above the alumina ceramic base plate through the positioning fixture, and the height of the concrete panel test piece is adjusted by adding or reducing the number of alumina ceramic gaskets, so that the center of the concrete panel test piece is positioned under the high-temperature jet hole (the left end opening of the alumina ceramic top plate). The high-temperature jet flow injection device is provided with a metal support rod and a sliding table, the position of the high-temperature jet flow injection device can be adjusted through the vertical shrinkage characteristic of the metal support rod and the left-right movement characteristic of the sliding table, a supersonic speed airflow nozzle is aligned to a high-temperature jet hole (an opening at the left end of an alumina ceramic top plate), a supersonic speed airflow nozzle switch is turned on, a high-pressure oxygen switch is turned on to input high-pressure oxygen into a mixing air chamber, a kerosene pump switch is turned on to drive an impeller in a pump body to rotate at a high speed so that kerosene is sucked out of a kerosene from a kerosene storage tank and is pressed into the mixing air chamber, the high-pressure oxygen is in mixed contact with the kerosene, an ignition switch is pressed, an ignition device is started, the temperature after the back fire surface of a test piece is eroded is recorded by using an infrared temperature measuring sensor, and a distribution test of the test piece along a section temperature field under the ultrahigh-temperature jet flow is carried out after the target temperature reaches the target temperature. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and ending the test.
4. And (3) performing intermittent erosion test by ultrahigh-temperature jet flow. In practical engineering, the high-temperature jet flow is intermittently flushed, and surface molten matters formed by single high-temperature impact are not completely eroded but only partially eroded, so that the glass body formed after the residual molten matters are solidified and hardened is beneficial to blocking the heat conduction rate in the next heat flow impact process, and the heat exchange can be carried out on the surface of new concrete after the residual glass body is remelted and eroded by the next high-temperature jet flow, so that a certain blocking effect is formed on heat transfer. Therefore, the ultrahigh-temperature jet intermittent erosion test has important significance in the research on the erosion degree of the launching platform in the actual working condition.
A high-temperature jet injection device is adopted, the gas flow and the erosion times are changed, and the influence of intermittent erosion on the high-temperature erosion of the refractory concrete panel test piece under different working conditions is researched.
The ultra-high temperature jet intermittent erosion test method comprises fixing a concrete panel test piece above an alumina ceramic backing plate through a positioning fixture, adjusting the thickness of the alumina ceramic backing plate to enable the center of the concrete panel test piece to be opposite to a high temperature jet hole (left end opening of an alumina ceramic top plate), arranging a metal support rod and a sliding table on a high temperature jet injection device, adjusting the position of the high temperature jet injection device through the vertical contraction characteristic of the metal support rod and the left and right movement of the sliding table, enabling a supersonic gas flow nozzle to be aligned with the high temperature jet hole (left end opening of the alumina ceramic top plate), starting a supersonic gas flow nozzle switch, screwing on the high pressure oxygen switch to enable high pressure oxygen to be input into a mixing gas chamber, turning on a kerosene pump switch to enable a motor to drive an impeller in a pump body to rotate at high speed to suck kerosene out of the kerosene storage tank and press the kerosene into the mixing gas chamber, and enabling the high pressure oxygen to be in mixed with the kerosene, pressing an ignition switch, starting an ignition device, pulling a high-pressure valve to adjust gas flow, measuring the total flow of high-pressure gas in a pipeline through a rotor flowmeter, recording the temperature of a back fire surface of a test piece after erosion by using an infrared temperature measuring sensor, and performing an ultrahigh-temperature jet intermittent erosion test after reaching a target temperature. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and ending the test.
Compared with the prior art, the test device disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is simple to operate, safe, reliable, strong in practicability and good in economic benefit, can be used for researching erosion damage degrees of different materials under ultrahigh-temperature jet flow at different jet flow temperatures and different gas flow rates, revealing an erosion mechanism of the different materials under the action of the ultrahigh-temperature jet flow, researching temperature field distribution conditions of the different materials under the ultrahigh-temperature jet flow, effectively simulating an erosion damage evolution rule of the launching platform in the actual launching process of the aircraft, and providing a basis for construction of corresponding engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device facing the diversion trench material.
FIG. 2 is a view showing the internal structure of a mixing chamber and a kerosene pump in the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the external structure of a scale model of a diversion trench according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the scale model of the guide groove in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the positioning jig of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1-base, 2-pillar, 3-test platform, 4-diversion trench scale model, 5-rigid pull rod, 6-nut, 7-supersonic airflow nozzle, 8-mixing air chamber, 9-high pressure oxygen interface, 10-kerosene interface, 11-kerosene pump, 12-stationary fixture, 13-metal support rod, 14-sliding table, 15-chute, 16-high pressure oxygen delivery pipe, 17-kerosene delivery pipe, 18-kerosene storage tank, 19-high pressure oxygen storage tank, 20-pressure gauge, 21-backfire preventer, 22-rotor flow meter, 23-oxygen input chamber, 24-porous fire separating plate, 25-mixing combustion chamber, 26-infrared temperature measuring sensor, 27-alumina ceramic bottom plate, 28-alumina ceramic front side plate, 29-alumina ceramic rear side plate, 30-alumina ceramic top plate, 31-positioning clamp, 32-fastening bolt, 33-alumina ceramic base plate, 34-concrete panel test piece, 35-high temperature jet hole, 36-infrared laser temperature measuring hole, 37-pump body, 38-motor, 39-shell, 40-impeller, 41-oil inlet and 42-oil outlet.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
An ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device for a diversion trench material comprises a base 1, a diversion trench scale model 4, a high-temperature jet loading device and an infrared temperature measuring sensor 26.
As shown in fig. 1, four pillars 2 are fixed on a base, a test platform 3 is fixed on the four pillars 2, and a diversion trench reduced scale model 4 and a high-temperature jet loading device are installed on the test platform 3.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the high-temperature jet loading device includes a supersonic air flow nozzle 7, a mixing air chamber 8, a high-pressure oxygen port 9, a kerosene port 10, a kerosene pump 11, a fixing clamp 12, a metal support rod 13, a sliding table 14, a chute 15, a high-pressure oxygen delivery pipe 16, a kerosene delivery pipe 17, a kerosene storage tank 18, and a high-pressure oxygen storage tank 19. The supersonic gas flow nozzle 7 adopts a Laval nozzle; an oxygen input chamber 23, a porous fire division plate 24 and a mixed combustion chamber 25 are arranged in the mixed gas chamber 8; the porous fire distribution plate 24 is made of tantalum alloy metal material, the highest bearable temperature reaches 2900 ℃, and the surface of the porous fire distribution plate is provided with a plurality of small holes; the upper end of the mixing gas chamber 8 is provided with a high-pressure oxygen interface 9, the high-pressure oxygen interface 9 is connected with a high-pressure oxygen storage tank 19 through a high-pressure oxygen conveying pipe 16, and the high-pressure oxygen conveying pipe 16 is provided with a pressure gauge 20, a backfire preventer 21 and a rotor flow meter 22; the right side of the mixing air chamber 8 is provided with a kerosene interface 10, the kerosene interface 10 is connected with a kerosene pump 11, the interior of the kerosene pump 11 is provided with a pump body 37, a motor 38 and a shell 39, and when the motor 38 is electrified, an impeller 40 in the pump body 37 can be driven to rotate at a high speed, so that kerosene is sucked from an oil inlet 41 and then is pressed out from an oil outlet 42; the kerosene pump 11 is connected with the kerosene storage tank through a kerosene delivery pipe; the kerosene pump 11 is fixed by mounting fixture 12 to by metal branch 13 welding support, metal branch 13 welds in sliding stand 14, and sliding stand 14 can remove about the spout 15 that test platform 3 set up, and metal branch can contract from top to bottom, can adjust high temperature efflux loading device's height and horizontal position according to the experimental requirement.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the guiding gutter reduced scale model 4 is fixed on the test platform 3 by six rigid pull rods 5 and nuts 6, and the guiding gutter reduced scale model 4 comprises an alumina ceramic lining; the alumina ceramic lining is composed of an alumina ceramic bottom plate 27, an alumina ceramic front side plate 28 and an alumina ceramic rear side plate 29, an alumina ceramic top plate 30 covers the alumina ceramic lining, and the alumina ceramic lining is fixed on the test platform 3 through a nut 6 and a rigid pull rod 5 by the alumina ceramic top plate 30; the right end of the alumina ceramic lining is provided with an opening, and the left end is fixed with a positioning clamp 31.
The right end of the alumina ceramic lining is provided with an opening, which is beneficial to the discharge of heat.
As shown in fig. 5, the positioning fixture 31 is composed of an upper clamp plate and a lower clamp plate, the upper clamp plate and the lower clamp plate are connected into a whole at an included angle of 30-60 degrees, the lower clamp plate is connected with the test platform 3 through a fastening bolt 32, and the upper clamp plate is provided with an infrared laser temperature measurement hole 36.
As shown in fig. 4, an alumina ceramic pad 33 can be laid on the upper clamping plate of the positioning clamp 31 according to the test requirements, and a concrete panel test piece 34 is fixed on the alumina ceramic pad 33; the left end of the alumina ceramic top plate 30 is provided with a high-temperature jet hole 35, so that the high-temperature jet hole 35 is positioned right above the center of the concrete panel test piece 34; the alumina ceramic backing plate 33 and the test platform 3 are both provided with infrared laser temperature measuring holes 36. The infrared temperature measuring sensor 26 can emit laser to measure the temperature of the back surface of the concrete panel test piece 34 through the infrared laser temperature measuring hole 36.
The concrete panel test piece 34 is obliquely arranged at an angle of 30-60 degrees along with the positioning clamp 31, so that the direction of the concrete panel 34 is consistent with the high-temperature erosion direction of the concrete of the diversion trench in the actual launching environment.
Example 1
A test method for testing the influence of different gas flows on the erosion depth of a test piece includes the steps of fixing a concrete panel test piece 34 above an alumina ceramic base plate 33 through a positioning clamp 31, enabling the center of the concrete panel test piece 34 to be opposite to a high-temperature jet hole 35 by adjusting the thickness of the alumina ceramic base plate 33, enabling a high-temperature jet device to be provided with a metal support rod 13 and a sliding table 14, enabling the high-temperature jet device to be adjusted in position by means of vertical contraction of the metal support rod 13 and left-right movement of the sliding table 14, enabling a supersonic gas flow nozzle 7 to be aligned with the high-temperature jet hole 35, starting a switch of the supersonic gas flow nozzle 7, screwing off a high-pressure oxygen switch to enable high-pressure oxygen to be input into a mixing gas chamber 8, starting a switch of a kerosene pump 11 to enable a motor 38 to drive an impeller 40 in a pump body 37 to rotate at a high speed to suck out kerosene from a kerosene storage tank 18 and press the kerosene into the mixing gas chamber 8 to enable the high-pressure oxygen to be in mixed with the kerosene, pressing an ignition switch, starting an ignition device, pulling a high-pressure valve to adjust the gas flow, measuring the total flow of high-pressure gas in the pipeline through a rotor flow meter 22, recording the temperature of the concrete panel test piece 34 after the back fire surface is eroded by using an infrared temperature measuring sensor 26, and performing an erosion depth influence test on the test piece by different gas flows after the target temperature is reached. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and finishing the test.
Example 2
A test method for testing influence of different soaking times on erosion rate of a test piece is characterized in that a concrete panel test piece 34 subjected to different soaking times is fixed above an alumina ceramic backing plate 33 through a positioning clamp 31, the thickness of the alumina ceramic backing plate 33 is adjusted to enable the center of the concrete panel test piece 34 to be opposite to a high-temperature jet hole 35, a high-temperature jet injection device is provided with a metal support rod 13 and a sliding table 14, the position of the high-temperature jet injection device can be adjusted through the vertical contraction characteristic of the metal support rod 13 and the left-right movement characteristic of the sliding table 14, a supersonic air flow nozzle 7 is aligned with the high-temperature jet hole 35, a supersonic air flow nozzle 7 switch is opened, the high-pressure oxygen switch is unscrewed to enable high-pressure oxygen to be input into a mixing air chamber 8, the coal oil pump 11 switch is opened to enable a motor 38 to drive an impeller 40 in a pump body 37 to rotate at high speed to suck out kerosene from a kerosene storage tank 18 and press the kerosene into the mixing air chamber 8, the high-pressure oxygen and the kerosene are in mixed contact, an ignition switch is pressed down, an ignition device is started, the temperature of the back fire surface of the concrete panel test piece 34 after erosion is recorded by the infrared temperature measuring sensor 26, and the test for the influence of different soaking time on the erosion rate of the test piece is carried out after the target temperature is reached. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and finishing the test.
Example 3
The distribution test method of the test piece along the section temperature field under the ultrahigh temperature jet flow is characterized in that concrete panel test pieces 34 with different thicknesses are fixed above an alumina ceramic base plate 33 through a positioning clamp 31, and the height of the concrete panel test pieces 34 is adjusted by adding or reducing the number of the alumina ceramic base plates 33, so that the centers of the concrete panel test pieces 34 are positioned under a high temperature jet flow hole 35. The high-temperature jet flow injection device is provided with a metal support rod 13 and a sliding table 14, the position of the high-temperature jet flow injection device can be adjusted through the vertical contraction characteristic of the metal support rod 13 and the left-right movement characteristic of the sliding table 14, the supersonic air flow nozzle 7 is aligned with a high-temperature jet flow hole 35, the switch of the supersonic air flow nozzle 7 is turned on, the high-pressure oxygen switch is turned on to input high-pressure oxygen into the mixing air chamber 8, the switch of the kerosene pump 11 is turned on to drive the motor 38 to drive the impeller 40 in the pump body 37 to rotate at a high speed to suck kerosene out from the kerosene storage tank 18 and press the kerosene and high-pressure oxygen into mixed contact, the ignition switch is pressed down to start the ignition device, the temperature of the concrete panel test piece 34 after the back fire surface is eroded is recorded by the infrared temperature sensor 26, and the distribution test of the test piece along the section temperature field under the super-temperature jet flow is carried out after the target temperature. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and finishing the test.
Example 4
The ultra-high temperature jet intermittent erosion test method comprises the steps of fixing a concrete panel test piece 34 above an alumina ceramic backing plate 33 through a positioning fixture 31, adjusting the thickness of the alumina ceramic backing plate 33 to enable the center of the concrete panel test piece 34 to be opposite to a high-temperature jet hole 35, arranging a metal support rod 13 and a sliding table 14 on a high-temperature jet injection device, adjusting the position of the high-temperature jet injection device through the vertical contraction characteristic of the metal support rod 13 and the left-right movement characteristic of the sliding table 14, enabling a supersonic air nozzle 7 to be aligned with the high-temperature jet hole 35, starting a switch of the supersonic air nozzle 7, screwing off a high-pressure oxygen switch to input high-pressure oxygen into a mixing air chamber 8, turning on a switch of a kerosene pump 11 to enable a motor 38 to drive an impeller 40 in a pump body 37 to rotate at a high speed to suck kerosene out from a kerosene storage tank 18 and press the kerosene into the mixing air chamber 8, and enabling the high-pressure oxygen to be in mixed contact with the kerosene, pressing an ignition switch, starting an ignition device, pulling a high-pressure valve to adjust gas flow, measuring the total flow of high-pressure gas in the pipeline through a rotor flowmeter 22, recording the temperature of the back fire surface of a concrete panel test piece 34 after erosion by using an infrared temperature measurement sensor 26, and performing an ultrahigh-temperature jet intermittent erosion test after the target temperature is reached. And after the test is finished, closing the high-pressure oxygen switch and the kerosene pump switch, and ending the test.
In the embodiment, a high-speed injection device is adopted, the gas flow and the erosion times are changed, and the influence of intermittent erosion on the high-temperature erosion of the refractory concrete test piece under different working conditions is researched.

Claims (1)

1. An ultrahigh-temperature gas jet erosion test device for a diversion trench material comprises a base (1), wherein four pillars (2) are fixed on the base, and a test platform (3) is fixed on the four pillars (2); a guide groove reduced scale model (4) and a high-temperature jet loading device are arranged on the test platform (3); the diversion trench reduced scale model (4) is fixed by six rigid pull rods (5) and nuts (6); the high-temperature jet loading device comprises a spray gun, a kerosene pump (11), a kerosene storage tank (18) and a high-pressure oxygen storage tank (19), wherein the kerosene pump (11) is connected with the kerosene storage tank (18) through a kerosene conveying pipe (17), and the spray gun is connected with the high-pressure oxygen storage tank (19) through a high-pressure oxygen conveying pipe (16); the method is characterized in that: the flow guide groove reduced scale model (4) comprises an alumina ceramic lining; the alumina ceramic lining comprises an alumina ceramic bottom plate (27), an alumina ceramic front side plate (28) and an alumina ceramic rear side plate (29), wherein an alumina ceramic top plate (30) covers the alumina ceramic lining, and the alumina ceramic top plate (30) is installed on the rigid pull rod (5) through a nut (6); the right end of the alumina ceramic lining is provided with an opening, the left end of the alumina ceramic lining is fixed with a positioning clamp (31), the positioning clamp (31) is fixed on the test platform (3) through a fastening bolt (32), an alumina ceramic base plate (33) is laid on an upper clamping plate of the positioning clamp (31), and a concrete panel test piece (34) is fixed on the alumina ceramic base plate (33); the left end of the alumina ceramic top plate (30) is provided with a high-temperature jet hole (35), and the high-temperature jet hole (35) is positioned right above the center of the concrete panel test piece (34); the alumina ceramic backing plate (33) and the test platform (3) are both provided with infrared laser temperature measuring holes (36).
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