CN111560836A - Construction method of arch bridge main arch and construction method of assembled arch bridge - Google Patents
Construction method of arch bridge main arch and construction method of assembled arch bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111560836A CN111560836A CN202010428100.XA CN202010428100A CN111560836A CN 111560836 A CN111560836 A CN 111560836A CN 202010428100 A CN202010428100 A CN 202010428100A CN 111560836 A CN111560836 A CN 111560836A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D4/00—Arch-type bridges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
- E01D2101/24—Concrete
- E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
- E01D2101/28—Concrete reinforced prestressed
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a main arch of an arch bridge and a method for constructing an assembled arch bridge, which comprise the following steps: a. dividing the main arch into a plurality of main arch sub-bodies with the same shape along the width direction, sequentially dividing the main arch sub-bodies into a front section, a middle section and a rear section along the span direction, wherein the two divided surfaces are planes with the bending moment of 0 on the main arch; b. prefabricating the front section, the middle section and the rear section; c. splicing and hoisting the sections on the abutment of the arch bridge after prefabrication is finished; the main arch is divided into the main arch split body, the main arch split body is divided into the front section, the middle section and the rear section, so that each part can be prefabricated, the transportation and the hoisting are convenient, the water pumping and the blocking of a river are not needed, and in addition, the two splitting surfaces of the main arch are the surfaces with the bending moment of 0 under the condition that the main arch split body is subjected to the uniform load, the load capacity of the main arch can be ensured, and the service life of the main arch is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridges, in particular to a construction method of a main arch of an arch bridge and a construction method of an assembled arch bridge.
Background
The existing arch bridge structure is a steel structure, and the existing arch bridge structure is a reinforced concrete structure. The steel structure arch bridge is generally suitable for large-span bridges due to light weight and high strength, but the steel structure is corroded under the action of the atmosphere, is easy to rust and has high maintenance cost, so the cost is expensive, and the steel structure arch bridge is not suitable for small-span arch bridges. For the construction of the reinforced concrete arch bridge, if the river is short, river water is pumped out firstly and then the arch bridge is constructed, if the river is large, the river is blocked at the bridge planned place, the river water is pumped out in the blocking area, a construction site is prepared for the construction of the arch bridge, then maintenance structures such as supports, scaffolds, templates and the like are arranged, and then procedures such as binding steel bars, casting concrete on site and the like are started. The above construction methods have three main disadvantages: (1) blocking rivers or pumping water, draining water and the like, large engineering quantity, certain time and cost, and no environmental protection; (2) a large number of supporting auxiliary structures such as scaffolds, templates and the like are required to be built for bridge construction, and manpower and material resources are consumed; (3) the construction of bridges is field operation, and noise, dust, garbage and the like influence the surrounding environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for building a main arch of an arch bridge and a method for building an assembled arch bridge, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, so that the construction process is simpler, the construction period is shortened, the cost is saved, and the load performance of the arch bridge can be ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a method for building a main arch of an arch bridge, which comprises the following steps:
a. dividing the main arch into a plurality of main arch sub-bodies with the same shape along the width direction, sequentially dividing the main arch sub-bodies into a front section, a middle section and a rear section along the span direction, wherein the two division surfaces are planes with the bending moment of 0 of the main arch sub-bodies under the action of uniform load;
b. prefabricating the front section, the middle section and the rear section;
c. and splicing the front section, the middle section and the rear section after prefabrication is finished, and hoisting the spliced front section, the middle section and the rear section on a bridge abutment of the arch bridge.
Preferably, in the step c, after the front section, the middle section and the rear section are spliced, two ends of the first prestressed tendon are respectively anchored at the end parts of the front section and the rear section, and then the main arch is hoisted and fixed on the abutment in a split manner.
Preferably, in the step c, after the plurality of main arch split bodies are fixed on the abutment, the plurality of main arch split bodies are fixed in series by using second prestressed tendons along the width direction, and the second prestressed tendons are arranged on the front section, the middle section and/or the rear section.
Preferably, in the step b, the front section, the middle section and the rear section are all prefabricated by a 3D printing method, and a through hole for the second tendon to pass through is reserved while printing.
Preferably, in step c, the front section and the middle section, and the middle section and the rear section are bonded by mortar.
The invention also provides a construction method of the assembled arch bridge, the arch bridge comprises two fixed abutment platforms, a main arch arranged between the abutment platforms, a vault side wall and a vault filler thereof, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) the arch bridge is disassembled according to the design drawing of the arch bridge, and the disassembled components comprise the abutment, the main arch, the vault side wall and the vault filler;
2) manufacturing the abutment, and preparing the main arch and the vault side wall through a 3D printer;
3) fixing the abutment, then hoisting the main arch and the arch crown side wall in sequence, and finally paving the arch crown filler to finish the construction of the arch bridge;
wherein, the main arch is built by applying the construction method of the arch bridge main arch.
Preferably, the arch bridge further comprises an abdominal arch which has the same width as the main arch and is lapped above two end portions of the main arch, and in the step 1), the abdominal arch is divided into a plurality of identical abdominal arch sub-bodies along the width direction, and the abdominal arch sub-bodies are lapped on the main arch sub-bodies.
Preferably, in the step 3), after the main arch is installed, the abdominal arch split bodies are hoisted, and the abdominal arch split bodies and the main arch split bodies are bonded by adopting magnesium phosphate mortar.
Preferably, in the step 1), the vault side wall is divided into a plurality of side wall split bodies along the span direction, the side wall split bodies are hoisted after the abdominal arch split bodies are fixed in the step 3), and the side wall split bodies are bonded with the main arch split bodies and the abdominal arch split bodies by magnesium phosphate mortar.
Preferably, in the step 2), an anchoring end for fixing the third tendon is reserved when the bridge abutment is prepared.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. according to the invention, the main arch is divided into the main arch split body, and the main arch split body is divided into the front section, the middle section and the rear section, so that each part can be prefabricated and is convenient to transport and hoist, and the whole construction process of the main arch does not need to pump water and block a river, and does not need to set up supporting auxiliary structures such as an arch frame and the like, so that the construction process is simpler, the construction period is shortened, and the purposes of saving cost are achieved;
2. according to the invention, two cutting surfaces of the main arch are surfaces with bending moment of 0 under the condition that the main arch split body is uniformly loaded, after the front section, the middle section and the rear section are spliced, the bending moment of the main arch split body near the joint under the action of uniform load is lower, the stable connection of the joint can be ensured, the integral strength of the main arch can not be influenced, so that the loading capacity of the main arch can be ensured, and the service life of the main arch can be prolonged;
3. compared with the field construction operation, the front section, the middle section and the rear section are prefabricated by adopting a 3D printing method, the temperature and the humidity of a prefabricating environment can be effectively controlled and adjusted, the maintenance can be more refined, and the forming quality of a concrete structure can be favorably controlled;
4. the arch bridge is integrally prefabricated in blocks and then is built by a hoisting assembly type method, so that the construction period is shortened, the cost is saved, the influence on the environment is reduced, and the automatic, efficient and green bridge construction is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a block schematic view of an arch bridge;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the main arch after anchoring the first tendon;
FIG. 3 is a bending moment diagram of the main arch under balanced loading;
wherein, 1, the main arch is split; 2. an abutment; 3. the abdominal arches are separated; 4. a vault side wall; 5. a first tendon; 6. a second tendon; 7. a third tendon;
in fig. 3, L is the main arch split axis; q is a load; f is the horizontal component force of the abutment to the arch foot; m is a bending moment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method for building a main arch of an arch bridge and a method for building an assembled arch bridge, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, so that the construction process is simpler, the construction period is shortened, and the cost is saved.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a method for building a main arch of an arch bridge, which comprises the following steps:
a. dividing the main arch into a plurality of main arch sub-bodies 1 with the same shape along the width direction, sequentially dividing the main arch sub-bodies 1 into a front section, a middle section and a rear section along the span direction, wherein the two division surfaces are planes with the bending moment of 0 under the action of uniform load of the main arch sub-bodies 1;
b. prefabricating the front section, the middle section and the rear section;
c. and after prefabrication is finished, the front section, the middle section and the rear section are spliced and hung on the bridge abutment 2 of the arch bridge.
The main arch is divided into the main arch split body 1, and the main arch split body 1 is divided into the front section, the middle section and the rear section, so that each part can be prefabricated and is convenient to transport and hoist; and the two divided surfaces of the main arch split body 1 are surfaces with bending moment of 0 when the main arch is under uniform load, after the front section, the middle section and the rear section are spliced, the bending moment near the joint under the action of uniform load of the main arch is lower, the stable connection of the joint can be ensured, the integral strength of the main arch can not be influenced, thereby ensuring the load capacity of the main arch and prolonging the service life of the main arch.
Here, a plane where the bending moment is 0 on the main arch split 1 is explained, as shown in fig. 3, the main arch split 1 is regarded as an arc line to obtain an axis L of the main arch split 1, the lower side of the axis L of the main arch split 1 is pulled under the action of the uniformly distributed load q to generate a positive bending moment, the horizontal component force of the abutment 2 to the arch foot pulls the upper side of the arch structure to generate a negative bending moment, the bending moments at each point on the axis L of the main arch split 1 are positive and negative bending moments which are superposed to obtain a bending moment diagram shown in fig. 3, and the point where the positive and negative bending moments are equal is a position where the bending moment is equal to 0, so that the plane where the bending moment is 0 on the main.
In the step c, after the front section, the middle section and the rear section are spliced, two ends of the first prestressed tendon 5 are respectively anchored at the end parts of the front section and the rear section, inward pretightening force is applied, and then the main arch split body 1 is hoisted and fixed on the bridge abutment 2; the first prestressed tendons 5 are used for pre-stretching the main arch split body 1 to enhance the bearing capacity of the main arch split body 1; after the main arch split body 1 with the first prestressed tendons 5 is hoisted on the bridge abutment 2, the bridge abutment 2 has a clamping effect on the main arch split body 1, and after the main arch split body 1 is fixed, if the first prestressed tendons 5 are close to the water surface of a river to block the water surface ship from running, the first prestressed tendons 5 can be removed.
In order to ensure the stability of the main arch, in the step c, after the plurality of main arch split bodies 1 are fixed on the bridge abutment 2, the plurality of main arch split bodies 1 are fixed in series by using the second prestressed tendons 6 along the width direction, so that the plurality of main arch split bodies 1 are connected into a whole, and the second prestressed tendons 6 are arranged on the front section, the middle section and/or the rear section.
In the embodiment, the front section, the middle section and the rear section are prefabricated by adopting a 3D printing method, and through holes for the second prestressed tendons 6 to pass through are reserved during printing; for the site operation, carry out 3D in the mill and print anterior segment, middle section, back end, ambient temperature, humidity can effective control and regulation among the prefabrication process, and what the maintenance can be done is more meticulous, is favorable to controlling concrete structure's shaping quality.
In this embodiment, all bond through concrete mortar between anterior segment and the middle section, middle section and the back end, concrete mortar's intensity should be higher than the concrete intensity that anterior segment, middle section, back end used, for example, 3D prints the intensity grade of using concrete and is C40, and the intensity grade of bonding using concrete mortar can adopt C60, even C80 to guarantee to bond firmly. However, those skilled in the art should understand that in the actual construction process, the connection mode of the front section, the middle section and the rear section is not limited to bonding, and reinforcing steel bars can be embedded in both ends of the middle section, pre-embedded holes of the reinforcing steel bars and grouting holes for grouting are reserved in the corresponding positions of the front section and the rear section, and then splicing and grouting are performed to ensure stable connection. Of course other ways of enabling the connection are also possible.
The invention also provides a construction method of the assembled arch bridge, the arch bridge comprises two fixed abutment platforms 2, a main arch arranged between the abutment platforms 2, a vault side wall 4 and a vault filler thereof, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) the arch bridge is disassembled according to a design drawing of the arch bridge, and the disassembled parts comprise a bridge abutment 2, a main arch, a vault side wall 4 and vault fillers;
2) manufacturing a bridge abutment 2, and preparing a main arch and a vault side wall 4 through a 3D printer;
3) fixing the abutment 2, then hoisting the main arch and the vault side wall 4 in sequence, and finally paving vault fillers to complete the construction of the arch bridge;
wherein, the main arch is built by applying the construction method of the arch bridge main arch.
This embodiment is prefabricated through carrying out the piecemeal to encircleing bridge, can practice thrift the prefabrication time, improves prefabricated precision, hoists one by one again, can reduce the influence to the environment, has reached automatic, high efficiency, the bridge construction of greenization.
The vault filler in the implementation can be prefabricated in a 3D mode and then bonded to the vault, and a method for laying the vault can also be adopted.
The arch bridge also comprises an abdominal arch which has the same width as the main arch and is lapped above two end parts of the main arch, in the step 1), the abdominal arch is divided into a plurality of abdominal arch split bodies 3 which are the same along the width direction, and the abdominal arch split bodies 3 are lapped on the main arch split bodies 1.
In order to improve the loading capacity of the main arch and the abdominal arch, in the embodiment, the abdominal arch split body 3 is overlapped on the main arch split body 1 in a staggered manner, and if the width of the main arch and the abdominal arch is 20m, the width of the main arch split body 1 is 4m, and the width of the abdominal arch is 5m, the joint of the abdominal arch split body 3 is ensured not to be overlapped with the joint of the main arch split body 1.
In the step 3), after the main arch is installed, the abdominal arch split body 3 is hoisted, and the abdominal arch split body 3 and the main arch split body 1 are bonded by magnesium phosphate mortar.
In order to facilitate prefabrication and installation of the vault side wall 4, in the step 1), the vault side wall 4 is divided into a plurality of side wall split bodies along the span direction, after the belly arch split body 3 is fixed in the step 3), the side wall split bodies are hoisted, and the side wall split bodies are bonded with the main arch split body 1 and the belly arch split body 3 through magnesium phosphate mortar.
In the step 2), an anchoring end for fixing the third prestressed tendon 7 is reserved when the abutment 2 is prepared. The abutment 2 is the foundation for bearing the arch bridge, so that the stability of the abutment has important significance on the overall stability of the arch bridge; when the abutment 2 is arranged in a foundation with soft soil, the third prestressed tendon 7 can be applied to the anchoring end, so that the abutment 2 cannot move to two sides under the action of load; when the abutment 2 is arranged in a hard foundation, such as a natural rock mass, the foundation conditions can ensure that the abutment 2 does not move towards two sides, and the third prestressed tendons 7 do not need to be applied.
Railing, road surface, step etc. can also set up on the arched bridge, railing, step also can be prefabricated through 3D printing.
The adaptation according to the actual needs is within the scope of the invention.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for building a main arch of an arch bridge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. dividing the main arch into a plurality of main arch sub-bodies with the same shape along the width direction, sequentially dividing the main arch sub-bodies into a front section, a middle section and a rear section along the span direction, wherein the two division surfaces are planes with the bending moment of 0 of the main arch sub-bodies under the action of uniform load;
b. prefabricating the front section, the middle section and the rear section;
c. and splicing the front section, the middle section and the rear section after prefabrication is finished, and hoisting the spliced front section, the middle section and the rear section on a bridge abutment of the arch bridge.
2. The method for constructing a main arch of an arch bridge according to claim 1, wherein in step c, after the front section, the middle section and the rear section are completely assembled, both ends of the first tendon are anchored to the ends of the front section and the rear section, respectively, and then the main arch is separately hoisted and fixed to the abutment.
3. The method for constructing a main arch of an arch bridge according to claim 2, wherein in step c, after a plurality of the main arch segments are fixed to the abutment, the plurality of main arch segments are fixed in series in the width direction by a second tendon provided on the front section, the middle section and/or the rear section.
4. The method for constructing an arch bridge main arch according to claim 3, wherein in step b, the front section, the middle section and the rear section are prefabricated by 3D printing, and through holes for the second prestressed tendons to pass through are reserved during printing.
5. The method for constructing a main arch of an arch bridge according to claim 2, wherein in step c, the front section and the middle section, and the middle section and the rear section are bonded to each other by mortar.
6. A construction method of an assembled arch bridge, wherein the arch bridge comprises two fixed abutment platforms, a main arch arranged between the abutment platforms, a vault side wall and vault fillers thereof, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the arch bridge is disassembled according to the design drawing of the arch bridge, and the disassembled components comprise the abutment, the main arch, the vault side wall and the vault filler;
2) manufacturing the abutment, and preparing the main arch and the vault side wall through a 3D printer;
3) fixing the abutment, then hoisting the main arch and the arch crown side wall in sequence, and finally paving the arch crown filler to finish the construction of the arch bridge;
wherein the main arch is constructed by applying the method for constructing the main arch of the arch bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The method of constructing a fabricated arch bridge according to claim 6, wherein the arch bridge further includes an abdominal arch having the same width as the main arch and overlapping over both end portions of the main arch, and in step 1), the abdominal arch is divided into a plurality of identical abdominal arch divisions in a width direction, and the abdominal arch divisions overlap the main arch divisions.
8. The construction method of the fabricated arch bridge of claim 7, wherein in the step 3), the abdominal arch sub-bodies are hoisted after the installation of the main arch is completed, and the abdominal arch sub-bodies and the main arch sub-bodies are bonded by magnesium phosphate mortar.
9. The construction method of the fabricated arch bridge according to claim 7, wherein in step 1), the arch crown side wall is divided into a plurality of side wall split bodies along the span direction, and after the abdominal arch split bodies are fixed in step 3), the side wall split bodies are hoisted, and the side wall split bodies are bonded with the main arch split bodies and the abdominal arch split bodies by magnesium phosphate mortar.
10. The method for constructing a fabricated arch bridge of claim 6, wherein in the step 2), an anchoring end for fixing the third tendon is reserved when the bridge deck is prepared.
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