CN111559224B - Separated solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for buses - Google Patents
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- CN111559224B CN111559224B CN202010524231.8A CN202010524231A CN111559224B CN 111559224 B CN111559224 B CN 111559224B CN 202010524231 A CN202010524231 A CN 202010524231A CN 111559224 B CN111559224 B CN 111559224B
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 230
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3201—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00371—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. buses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B37/00—Absorbers; Adsorbers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of solar adsorption type refrigeration systems, and discloses a separated solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for buses. The invention adopts double adsorption beds to circulate alternately, and improves the heat utilization rate and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption beds by recovering heat from the desorption state to the adsorption state of the adsorption beds; the condensation heat of the condenser and the adsorption heat of the adsorption bed in the adsorption state are carried away by the high-speed windward during the running process of the bus, so that the energy is saved and the structure is more compact. The adsorption bed consists of a plurality of layers of sub adsorption beds which are spaced, fins are added on the outer walls of the inner heat exchange tubes of the sub adsorption beds and the inner and outer walls of the upper part and the bottom of the bed shell, so that the utilization rate of solar energy is improved, and the heat dissipation of the adsorption bed in an adsorption state is enhanced. The invention can effectively utilize solar energy for refrigeration, reduce the energy consumption of the bus air conditioner and improve the endurance mileage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar adsorption refrigeration systems, and particularly relates to a separated solar adsorption refrigeration air conditioner for buses.
Background
As an important component of new energy development and utilization in the world today, solar energy is a clean and pollution-free renewable energy source. The solar energy radiation quantity is matched with the height of the seasonal peak of the refrigerating capacity, and the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and greenness are achieved, so that the solar refrigeration has bright application prospect. Compared with solar absorption refrigeration, the solar absorption refrigeration does not need a solution pump or a fractionation device, does not have the phenomena of corrosion and crystallization in absorption refrigeration, and can utilize low-grade heat energy. Therefore, from the viewpoints of energy utilization and environmental protection, the solar adsorption refrigeration system has the advantages of simple structure, energy conservation, environmental protection and low noise, and has great development potential.
With the aggravation of energy crisis and environmental protection appeal, governments and automobile enterprises all increase the development investment on buses. Meanwhile, as an auxiliary system with the largest energy consumption in a bus, namely an electric air conditioning system, the consumed energy generally accounts for 20% -40% of the whole bus energy consumption, and the excessive power causes energy waste and the excessive power affects driving comfort. The solar adsorption type refrigerating system is combined with the existing bus system, so that the energy consumption of an air conditioning system can be reduced, and the power performance and the endurance mileage of the bus can be improved.
Patent document CN106627047a discloses a solar adsorption type refrigerating air conditioner for buses. The air conditioning system comprises an adsorption refrigeration device, a solar heat collection device, a ventilation system and a control device. The solar heat collecting plate of the solar adsorption air conditioner for the bus is in direct contact with the adsorption bed, and only heat exchange between the solar heat collecting device and the adsorption bed is performed through heat conduction, so that the heat conduction quantity is small, the heat conduction effect is poor, and the temperature in the adsorption bed is uneven.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a separated solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for buses, which has the advantages of large heat conduction quantity, good heat transfer effect and uniform temperature in an adsorption bed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A separated solar adsorption refrigeration air conditioner for buses comprises a first adsorption bed, a second adsorption bed, a heat collecting plate, a condenser and an evaporator; the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed comprise a plurality of layers of sub-adsorption beds, gaps are arranged between two adjacent layers of sub-adsorption beds, outer fins are arranged on the outer wall of each layer of sub-adsorption bed, inner fins and a hot water pipe are arranged in each layer of sub-adsorption bed, the inner fins are sleeved on the hot water pipe, and through holes for passing a refrigerant are formed in the inner fins; the hot water pipes on the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed from the total water inlet to the total water outlet are same-program pipelines, and the hot water pipes in each layer of sub-adsorption beds are also same-program pipelines;
The refrigerant outlets of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are respectively communicated with the inlet end of the condenser through a first pipeline and a second pipeline, and a first valve and a second valve are respectively arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline; the outlet end of the condenser is communicated with the inlet end of the evaporator through a third pipeline; the outlet end of the evaporator is respectively communicated with the refrigerant inlets of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed through a fourth pipeline and a fifth pipeline, and a third valve and a fourth valve are respectively arranged on the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline;
The water outlet end of the heat collecting plate is respectively communicated with the total water inlets of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline, and a fifth valve and a sixth valve are respectively arranged on the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline; the total water outlets of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate through an eighth pipeline and a ninth pipeline, and a seventh valve and an eighth valve are respectively arranged on the eighth pipeline and the ninth pipeline.
Further, the sixth pipeline is communicated with the seventh pipeline, the total water outlets of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are also communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate through a tenth pipeline and an eleventh pipeline respectively, and a ninth valve and a tenth valve are respectively arranged on the tenth pipeline and the eleventh pipeline.
Further, a water pump is arranged at the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate, the input end of the water pump is respectively communicated with the eighth pipeline and the ninth pipeline, and the output end of the water pump is communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate.
Further, an electric valve is arranged between the output end of the water pump and the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate.
Further, a guide rail is arranged between the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed, a heat shield capable of moving along the guide rail is arranged on the guide rail, and the heat shield is used for covering the first adsorption bed or the second adsorption bed.
Further, a liquid storage tank is arranged on the third pipeline and is used for containing liquid refrigerant.
Further, an electromagnetic expansion valve is further arranged on the third pipeline, and the electromagnetic expansion valve is located between the liquid storage tank and the inlet end of the evaporator.
Further, the gap between two adjacent layers of sub-adsorption beds is 10 mm-25 mm.
Further, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve and the tenth valve are all solenoid valves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a separated solar adsorption refrigeration air conditioner for buses, which comprises a first adsorption bed and a second adsorption bed, wherein the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed comprise a plurality of layers of sub-adsorption beds, gaps are arranged between two adjacent layers of sub-adsorption beds, so that air can circulate between the adjacent sub-adsorption beds conveniently, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved; the outer wall of each layer of sub-adsorption bed is provided with the outer fins, and for the adsorption bed in an adsorption state, heat brought back by the refrigerant is conducted to the outer fins, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly improved; the inside at every layer of sub-adsorption beds is provided with inner fins and hot-water line, the inner fins cover is established on the hot-water line, set up the through-hole that is used for the refrigerant to pass through on the inner fins, for the adsorption beds that is in desorption state, heat conduction in the hot-water line is to on the inner fins, be favorable to increasing the heat conduction area, increase the heat conduction volume, and realize big heat transfer volume, and then improved the desorption of refrigerant greatly, and the hot-water line between total water inlet to the delivery port on first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed is same-stroke pipeline, and the inside hot-water line of every layer of sub-adsorption beds is also same-stroke pipeline, the flow and the velocity of flow of hot-water that gets into from the water inlet through every hot-water line are the same, and then make the temperature distribution in the adsorption beds even. In summary, the invention adopts the alternate circulation of the double adsorption beds, utilizes the condensation heat of the condenser and the adsorption heat of the adsorption bed in the adsorption state carried by the high-speed windward during the running process of the bus, not only saves energy and has more compact structure, but also the adsorption bed consists of a plurality of layers of sub adsorption beds with intervals, fins are added on the outer wall of the internal heat exchange tube (hot water pipe) of the sub adsorption bed and the inner and outer walls of the upper part and the bottom of the shell of the sub adsorption bed, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency, improving the utilization rate of solar energy, enhancing the heat dissipation of the adsorption bed in the adsorption state, and finally improving the solar adsorption refrigeration cop. The invention can effectively utilize solar energy for refrigeration, reduce the energy consumption of the bus air conditioner, improve the endurance mileage of the bus air conditioner, and has good popularization and application values.
Further, the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline of the invention are communicated, the water outlets of the first adsorption bed and the second adsorption bed are also respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate through a tenth pipeline and an eleventh pipeline, and a ninth valve and a tenth valve are respectively arranged on the tenth pipeline and the eleventh pipeline. The design has the advantages that when the first adsorption bed is transited from the heating desorption state to the adsorption state and the second adsorption bed is transited from the adsorption state to the heating desorption state, water flow can enter the first adsorption bed through the ninth valve and flow into the second adsorption bed after being heated by the waste heat of the first adsorption bed; or when the second adsorption bed is transited from the heating desorption state to the adsorption state and the first adsorption bed is transited from the adsorption state to the heating desorption state, the water flow can enter the second adsorption bed through the tenth valve and flow into the first adsorption bed after being heated by the waste heat of the second adsorption bed. Therefore, the design improves the heat utilization rate and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption bed through heat recovery from the desorption state to the adsorption state of the adsorption bed.
Further, the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate is provided with a water pump, the input end of the water pump is respectively communicated with the eighth pipeline and the ninth pipeline, the output end of the water pump is communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate, and the water pump is used for overcoming the on-way resistance and the local resistance of a hot water pipeline and ensuring that the hot water flow in the hot water pipe in the sub-adsorption bed meets the requirement.
Further, an electric valve is arranged between the output end of the water pump and the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate, and the electric valve can adjust the flow of the pipeline so as to realize the adjustment of the ratio of the flow to the solar flat plate type heat collecting plate to the whole hot water flow when the adsorption bed is in a transitional running state, and the other part of low-temperature hot water is led to the adsorption bed in the state from heating and desorption, so that the heat recovery from the heating and desorption to the adsorption bed in the adsorption state is realized.
Further, the invention is also provided with the heat shield, when the first adsorption bed is in the desorption state, the heat shield is positioned above the first adsorption bed, so that the natural air can be prevented from cooling the first adsorption bed in the heating desorption state, and the desorption efficiency of the first adsorption bed can be improved; similarly, when the second adsorption bed is in the desorption state, the heat shield is positioned above the second adsorption bed, so that the natural air cooling of the second adsorption bed in the heating desorption state can be avoided, and the desorption efficiency of the second adsorption bed can be improved.
Further, the third pipeline is provided with a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is used for containing liquid refrigerant, and the design has the advantages that the flow rate of the refrigerant desorbed from the adsorption bed by heating periodically fluctuates, so that the amount of the liquid refrigerant from the condenser is unstable, after the liquid storage tank is added, the flow rate to the electromagnetic expansion valve can be controlled to be constant, the evaporator has stable refrigerant flow rate, and the stable refrigerating capacity is realized at the evaporator.
Further, an electromagnetic expansion valve is further arranged on the third pipeline, and the electromagnetic expansion valve is positioned between the liquid storage tank and the inlet end of the evaporator, and can realize the isenthalpic throttling process, so that the refrigerant is changed from a high-temperature high-pressure state to a low-temperature low-pressure state.
Further, the gap between two adjacent layers of sub-adsorption beds is 10-25 mm, so that the adsorption beds can be cooled by fully utilizing the head-on wind when the bus runs, and the whole adsorption beds cannot be excessively high.
Further, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve and the tenth valve are all electromagnetic valves, and the electromagnetic valves can automatically cut off or open pipelines so as to realize automatic switching of different running states.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a separated solar adsorption refrigeration air conditioner for buses;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the first adsorption bed in the heating desorption state and the second adsorption bed in the adsorption state according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention when the first adsorption bed is transited from the heating desorption state to the adsorption state and the second adsorption bed is transited from the adsorption state to the heating desorption state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the second adsorption bed in the heating desorption state and the first adsorption bed in the adsorption state according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention when the second adsorption bed is transited from the heating desorption state to the adsorption state and the first adsorption bed is transited from the adsorption state to the heating desorption state;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a first adsorbent bed and a second adsorbent bed according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction 1-1 in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction 2-2 in FIG. 6;
fig. 10 is an enlarged partial schematic view of fig. 9.
In the figure: a-a sub-adsorbent bed; b-a hot water pipe; c-outer fins; d-inner fins; e-through holes; a-refrigerant outlet; b-refrigerant inlet; c-a total water inlet; d, a total water outlet; 1-a first adsorbent bed; 2-a second adsorbent bed; 3-heat collecting plates; 4-a condenser; a 5-evaporator; 6-a first valve; 7-a second valve; 8-a third valve; 9-fourth valve; 10-a fifth valve; 11-sixth valve; 12-seventh valve; 13-eighth valve; 14-ninth valve; 15-tenth valve; 16-a water pump; 17-an electric valve; 18-a liquid storage tank; 19-an electromagnetic expansion valve; 20-heat shield.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a split solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for buses according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first adsorption bed 1, a second adsorption bed 2, a heat collecting plate 3, a condenser 4, an evaporator 5, a first valve 6, a second valve 7, a third valve 8, a fourth valve 9, a fifth valve 10, a sixth valve 11, a seventh valve 12, an eighth valve 13, a ninth valve 14, a tenth valve 15, a water pump 16, an electric valve 17, a liquid storage tank 18, an electromagnetic expansion valve 19, and a heat shield 20. As shown in fig. 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, the first adsorbent bed 1 and the second adsorbent bed 2 in the present invention each include a plurality of sub-adsorbent beds a, and a gap is provided between two adjacent sub-adsorbent beds a, preferably, the gap between two adjacent sub-adsorbent beds a is 10mm to 25mm. As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the outer wall of each layer of sub-adsorbent bed a is provided with an outer fin c, namely, the top and the bottom of each layer of sub-adsorbent bed a are provided with outer fins c; the inside of each layer of sub-adsorption bed a is provided with a plurality of inner fins d and a plurality of hot water pipes b, each inner fin d is sleeved on each hot water pipe b, each inner fin d is provided with a through hole e for passing a refrigerant, specifically speaking, the inside of each layer of sub-adsorption bed a is uniformly provided with a plurality of inner fins d and hot water pipes b, and in each layer of sub-adsorption bed a, each inner fin d is provided with a through hole e at a position between two adjacent hot water pipes b. The hot water pipes b between the total water inlet C and the total water outlet D on the first adsorption bed 1 and the second adsorption bed 2 are same-program pipelines, and the hot water pipes b in each layer of sub-adsorption bed a are also same-program pipelines, namely a plurality of hot water pipes are connected in parallel through single-thread pipelines, and the same-program pipelines ensure the heat uniformity of the adsorption beds, so that the heat utilization rate is improved. As shown in fig. 6, a refrigerant inlet B and a refrigerant outlet a, and a total water inlet C and a total water outlet D are respectively distributed on both sides of the first adsorbent bed 1 and the second adsorbent bed 2.
In this embodiment, the first adsorbent bed 1 and the second adsorbent bed 2 each include three layers of sub-adsorbent beds a, and the gap between two adjacent layers of sub-adsorbent beds a is 10mm.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6 to 10, the refrigerant outlets a of the first adsorbent bed 1 and the second adsorbent bed 2 are respectively communicated with the inlet end of the condenser 4 through a first pipe and a second pipe, and the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively provided with a first valve 6 and a second valve 7. The outlet end of the condenser 4 is in communication with the inlet end of the evaporator 5 via a third conduit, preferably a liquid storage tank 18 and an electromagnetic expansion valve 19 are provided on the third conduit, and the electromagnetic expansion valve 19 is located between the liquid storage tank 18 and the inlet end of the evaporator 5, the liquid storage tank 18 being adapted to contain liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 4. The outlet end of the evaporator 5 is respectively communicated with the refrigerant inlets B of the first adsorption bed 1 and the second adsorption bed 2 through a fourth pipeline and a fifth pipeline, and a third valve 8 and a fourth valve 9 are respectively arranged on the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline.
The water outlet end of the heat collecting plate 3 is respectively communicated with the total water inlets C of the first adsorption bed 1 and the second adsorption bed 2 through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline, and a fifth valve 10 and a sixth valve 11 are respectively arranged on the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline; preferably, the sixth conduit and the seventh conduit are in communication. The total water outlet D of the first adsorption bed 1 and the second adsorption bed 2 is respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate 3 through an eighth pipeline and a ninth pipeline, and a seventh valve 12 and an eighth valve 13 are respectively arranged on the eighth pipeline and the ninth pipeline; preferably, the total water outlet D of the first and second adsorption beds 1 and 2 is also respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate 3 through a tenth and eleventh pipeline, on which a ninth valve 14 and a tenth valve 15 are respectively provided.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water pump 16 is further provided at the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate 3, the input end of the water pump 16 is respectively communicated with the eighth pipe and the ninth pipe, the output end of the water pump 16 is communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate 3, and more preferably, an electric valve 17 is further provided between the output end of the water pump 16 and the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate 3.
In addition to the above-described embodiments, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide rail is provided between the first adsorbent bed 1 and the second adsorbent bed 2, and a heat shield 20 is provided on the guide rail so as to be movable along the guide rail, and the heat shield 20 is used to cover the first adsorbent bed 1 or the second adsorbent bed 2. Specifically, the heat shield 20 is moved along the guide rail by motor driving.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the first valve 6, the second valve 7, the third valve 8, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 10, the sixth valve 11, the seventh valve 12, the eighth valve 13, the ninth valve 14 and the tenth valve 15 are solenoid valves.
The working principle of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to fig. 2 to 5.
As shown in fig. 2: when the first adsorption bed 1 is in the heating desorption state and the second adsorption bed 2 is in the adsorption state, the second valve 7, the third valve 8, the sixth valve 11, the eighth valve 13, the ninth valve 14 and the tenth valve 15 are all in the closed state, and the heat shield 20 is positioned above the first adsorption bed 1 to avoid natural wind cooling the first adsorption bed 1 in the heating desorption state. The refrigerant of the first adsorption bed 1 is heated and desorbed, the refrigerant vapor flows out from the refrigerant outlet of the first adsorption bed 1, is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the condenser 4 through the first valve 6, after releasing condensation heat, the liquid refrigerant flows out from the outlet of the condenser 4, is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 5 through the liquid storage tank 18 and the electromagnetic expansion valve 19, and is gasified after absorbing the heat of the environment, and the refrigerant vapor flows into the second adsorption bed 2 through the fourth valve 9 from the refrigerant inlet of the second adsorption bed 2 and is absorbed by the adsorbent, and the released absorption heat is taken away by high-speed windward when the bus runs. Hot water heated by the flat plate type solar heat collecting plate 3 enters the first adsorption bed 1 from a hot water inlet of the first adsorption bed 1 through the fifth valve 10, heat is transferred to the first adsorption bed 1 for heating and desorbing the refrigerant, and then flows into the flat plate type solar heat collecting plate 3 through the seventh valve 12, the water pump 16 and the electric valve 17 to complete closed hot water circulation.
As shown in fig. 3: when the first adsorption bed 1 is transited from the heating desorption state to the adsorption state and the second adsorption bed 2 is transited from the adsorption state to the heating desorption state, the first valve 6, the fourth valve 9, the seventh valve 12 and the tenth valve 15 are all in the closed state, and the heat shield 20 is driven by the motor to move from the upper side of the first adsorption bed 1 to the upper side of the second adsorption bed 2 along the guide rail. The low-temperature hot water in the second adsorption bed 2 flows into the water pump 16 through the eighth valve 13, is pressurized by the water pump 16 and is divided into two paths, one path enters the flat-plate solar heat collecting plate 3 through the electric valve 17 to be heated, the other path enters the first adsorption bed 1 through the ninth valve 14 to be heated by the waste heat of the first adsorption bed 1, and flows into the second adsorption bed 2 together with the hot water flowing out of the flat-plate solar heat collecting plate 3, so that heat is transferred into the second adsorption bed 2. When the temperature difference between the first adsorbent bed 1 and the second adsorbent bed 2 decreases to a certain extent, the transition state ends.
As shown in fig. 4: when the second adsorption bed 2 is in the heating desorption state and the first adsorption bed 1 is in the adsorption state, the first valve 6, the fourth valve 9, the fifth valve 10, the seventh valve 12, the ninth valve 14 and the tenth valve 15 are all in the closed state, and the heat shield 20 is positioned above the second adsorption bed 2 to avoid natural wind cooling the second adsorption bed 2 in the heating desorption state. The refrigerant of the second adsorption bed 2 is desorbed after being heated, the refrigerant vapor flows out from the refrigerant outlet of the second adsorption bed 2, is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the condenser 4 through the second valve 7, flows out from the outlet of the condenser 4 after releasing condensation heat, is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 5 through the liquid storage tank 18 and the electromagnetic expansion valve 19, is gasified after absorbing the heat of the environment, flows into the first adsorption bed 1 through the third valve 8 from the refrigerant inlet of the first adsorption bed 1, is absorbed by the adsorbent, and simultaneously releases absorption heat to be taken away by high-speed windward when the bus runs. Hot water heated by the flat plate type solar heat collecting plate 3 enters the second adsorption bed 2 from a hot water inlet pipe of the second adsorption bed 2 through the sixth valve 11, heat is transferred to the second adsorption bed 2 for heating and desorption of the refrigerant, and then flows into the flat plate type solar heat collecting plate 3 through the eighth valve 13, the water pump 16 and the electric valve 17, so that closed hot water circulation is completed.
As shown in fig. 5: when the second adsorption bed 2 is transited from the heating desorption state to the adsorption state and the first adsorption bed 1 is transited from the adsorption state to the heating desorption state, the second valve 7, the third valve 8, the eighth valve 13 and the ninth valve 14 are all in the closed state, and the heat shield 20 is driven by the motor to move from the upper side of the second adsorption bed 2 to the upper side of the first adsorption bed 1 along the guide rail. The low-temperature hot water in the first adsorption bed 1 flows into a water pump 16 through a seventh valve 12, is pressurized by the water pump 16 and is divided into two paths, one path enters the flat plate type solar heat collecting plate 3 through an electric valve 17 to be heated, the other path enters the second adsorption bed 2 through a tenth valve 15 to be heated by the waste heat of the second adsorption bed 2, and flows into the first adsorption bed 1 together with hot water flowing out of the flat plate type solar heat collecting plate 3, so that heat is transferred into the first adsorption bed 1. When the temperature difference between the second adsorbent bed 2 and the first adsorbent bed 1 decreases to a certain extent, the transition state ends.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The separated solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for the bus is characterized by comprising a first adsorption bed (1), a second adsorption bed (2), a heat collecting plate (3), a condenser (4) and an evaporator (5); the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2) comprise a plurality of layers of sub-adsorption beds (a), gaps are formed between every two adjacent layers of sub-adsorption beds (a), outer fins (c) are arranged on the outer wall of each layer of sub-adsorption bed (a), inner fins (d) and a hot water pipe (b) are arranged in each layer of sub-adsorption bed (a), the inner fins (d) are sleeved on the hot water pipe (b), and through holes (e) for refrigerant to pass through are formed in the inner fins (d); the hot water pipes (b) between the total water inlet (C) and the total water outlet (D) on the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2) are same-program pipelines, and the hot water pipes (b) in each layer of the sub adsorption beds (a) are also same-program pipelines;
The refrigerant outlets (A) of the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2) are respectively communicated with the inlet end of the condenser (4) through a first pipeline and a second pipeline, and a first valve (6) and a second valve (7) are respectively arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline; the outlet end of the condenser (4) is communicated with the inlet end of the evaporator (5) through a third pipeline; the outlet end of the evaporator (5) is respectively communicated with the refrigerant inlets (B) of the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2) through a fourth pipeline and a fifth pipeline, and a third valve (8) and a fourth valve (9) are respectively arranged on the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline;
The water outlet end of the heat collecting plate (3) is respectively communicated with the total water inlets (C) of the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2) through a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline, and a fifth valve (10) and a sixth valve (11) are respectively arranged on the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline; the total water outlets (D) of the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2) are respectively communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate (3) through an eighth pipeline and a ninth pipeline, and a seventh valve (12) and an eighth valve (13) are respectively arranged on the eighth pipeline and the ninth pipeline;
The sixth pipeline is communicated with the seventh pipeline, the total water outlet (D) of the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2) is also communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate (3) through a tenth pipeline and an eleventh pipeline respectively, and a ninth valve (14) and a tenth valve (15) are respectively arranged on the tenth pipeline and the eleventh pipeline;
The water inlet end of the heat collecting plate (3) is provided with a water pump (16), the input end of the water pump (16) is respectively communicated with the eighth pipeline and the ninth pipeline, and the output end of the water pump (16) is communicated with the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate (3);
an electric valve (17) is arranged between the output end of the water pump (16) and the water inlet end of the heat collecting plate (3);
A guide rail is arranged between the first adsorption bed (1) and the second adsorption bed (2), a heat shield (20) capable of moving along the guide rail is arranged on the guide rail, and the heat shield (20) is used for covering the first adsorption bed (1) or the second adsorption bed (2).
2. A split solar adsorption refrigeration air conditioner for buses as claimed in claim 1, wherein a liquid storage tank (18) is arranged on said third pipeline, said liquid storage tank (18) being for containing liquid refrigerant.
3. A split solar adsorption refrigeration air conditioner for buses according to claim 2, wherein an electromagnetic expansion valve (19) is further arranged on the third pipeline, and the electromagnetic expansion valve (19) is located between the liquid storage tank (18) and the inlet end of the evaporator (5).
4. The split solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for buses according to claim 1, wherein a gap between two adjacent layers of sub-adsorption beds (a) is 10 mm-25 mm.
5. The split solar adsorption refrigeration air conditioner for buses according to claim 1, wherein the first valve (6), the second valve (7), the third valve (8), the fourth valve (9), the fifth valve (10), the sixth valve (11), the seventh valve (12), the eighth valve (13), the ninth valve (14) and the tenth valve (15) are all electromagnetic valves.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105402837A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-16 | 天津商业大学 | Small-sized solar driving type ice slurry air conditioner |
| CN106627047A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-10 | 太原理工大学 | Solar adsorption type air conditioning used for bus |
| CN212267189U (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-01-01 | 长安大学 | Separated solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for bus |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7093461B2 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2006-08-22 | Hutchinson Fts, Inc. | Receiver-dryer for improving refrigeration cycle efficiency |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105402837A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-16 | 天津商业大学 | Small-sized solar driving type ice slurry air conditioner |
| CN106627047A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-10 | 太原理工大学 | Solar adsorption type air conditioning used for bus |
| CN212267189U (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-01-01 | 长安大学 | Separated solar adsorption type refrigeration air conditioner for bus |
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