CN111552848A - Avionics system fault analysis method based on graph database - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of maintenance and guarantee of avionics systems, and discloses a graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of maintenance and guarantee of avionics systems, and particularly relates to a graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method.
Background
Graph databases are typically non-relational databases in which data is represented and stored in a graph structure of nodes representing "entities" in the real world and edges representing "relationships" between entities. The graph database improves the description and retrieval capacity of the graph model by adding the concepts of attributes and labels. Compared with the traditional relational database, the graph database has closer relation between the logic model obtained by modeling the field and the original physical model of the field, and is a natural expression mode for actually existing objects and the relation thereof. In addition, the graph database has stronger expansibility, and new domain entities and connection relations can be naturally added without influencing the existing data.
Avionics systems are continuously developing towards integration, modularization and integration, more and more devices are provided, and functions are more and more complex, so that the maintenance and guarantee difficulty of the avionics systems is greatly increased. The analysis and positioning of the fault by the outfield maintenance support personnel are difficult to be efficiently completed only by virtue of personal experience knowledge, and the fault needs to be supported by virtue of fault case information and knowledge of designers. The existing fault data are stored in documents or databases, but cannot be effectively used for fault analysis to assist the maintenance and guarantee work of the avionic system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method, which combines avionics system design knowledge with historical fault cases, stores the avionics system design knowledge in a graph database form, supports the continuous increase of closed-loop fault cases and typical fault modes according to the long-term maintenance guarantee requirements of avionics products, and finally realizes fault positioning and reason analysis of the avionics system by using related query assistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a graph database based avionics system fault analysis method, the method comprising:
step 1, generating a networked data model according to an avionics system architecture; generating a graph database of the avionics system architecture according to the data model;
and 3, acquiring a current fault case, and determining the reason of the current fault case in the database of the faults of the avionic system.
The technical scheme of the invention has the characteristics and further improvements that:
(1) in step 1, the generating of the networked data model according to the avionics system architecture specifically includes:
acquiring a design document and a maintenance operation instruction of an avionics system, constructing a multilayer avionics system architecture of an airplane, a system, a subsystem, a module and a component, and determining the subordination relationship between the upper layer and the lower layer of the multilayer avionics system architecture;
constructing a communication relation between entity nodes of each layer of the multilayer avionics system architecture;
the entity nodes, the subordination relations and the communication relations of the multilayer avionics system architecture jointly form an avionics system networked data model.
(2) In step 1, generating a graph database of an avionics system architecture according to the data model specifically comprises:
the networked data model of the avionics system is realized as a graph database model in a graph database tool, and attribute information of the graph database model is set; the attribute information of the graph database model comprises attribute information of entity nodes in the graph database model, attribute information of subordinate relations in the graph database model and attribute information of communication relations in the graph database model;
therefore, a graph database of an avionics system architecture is formed, wherein the graph database is formed by describing the entity nodes, the affiliations and the communication relations.
(3) In step 2, the obtaining of the existing fault case and the induction of the fault mode according to the existing fault case specifically include:
standardizing names and expressions through semantic disambiguation based on the existing fault cases to construct a standardized fault description format;
and carrying out normalized description on the existing fault cases according to a normalized fault description format, and dividing the normalized fault cases into multiple types of typical fault modes.
(4) In step 2, establishing a relation among the fault case, the fault mode and a graph database of the avionics system architecture to obtain a graph database of the avionics system fault;
establishing a fault mode node corresponding to each typical fault mode according to the typical fault modes, and establishing a corresponding relation between the fault mode node and an entity node of an avionics system architecture so as to obtain a graph database of avionics system faults; wherein the correspondence is a relationship in which a fault in a typical fault mode is located at some physical node in the avionics system architecture.
(5) The corresponding relationship at least comprises the following attributes:
the relation comprises that the phenomenon described in the fault case is located at an entity node of a certain avionics system architecture, and the fault reason of the fault case is determined to be caused by the fault of the entity node of the certain avionics system architecture;
the failure mode node at least comprises the following attributes: time of occurrence, place of occurrence, fault phenomenon, cause of fault.
(6) After step 2 and before step 3, the method further comprises:
establishing a query function, performing function definition on a fault mode query statement and a fault phenomenon query statement, and combining the fault mode query statement and the fault phenomenon query statement with a graph data retrieval language;
the failure mode query directly matches the failure mode node in the graph database, and the result is returned to the architecture entity node corresponding to the failure mode.
(7) The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: according to the current fault case, determining two architecture entity nodes related to the fault case node in the graph database of the avionic system fault, traversing and acquiring a directed path existing between the two architecture entity nodes, and determining the information flow of the fault phenomenon caused by the fault reason; the two architecture entity nodes related to the fault case node comprise a fault cause corresponding node and a fault phenomenon corresponding node.
The invention provides a fault analysis method for the field of avionics systems, which utilizes avionics system design documents and fault case data to create a graph database according to the modeling method, respectively carries out modeling definition on architecture entities, fault modes, fault cases and relations, and sets related attribute information to store system design knowledge and fault data, so that search functions of query, statistics and explanation can be conveniently created in the subsequent application, and the search functions are applied to interactive query of graph data to assist in fault maintenance and guarantee work of the avionics system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method combines the design knowledge of the avionic system with the fault cases, the fault handling does not completely depend on the knowledge of the system architecture and the experience of the fault handling of the support personnel, the information flow between fault phenomena caused by fault reasons can be visually seen, the fault occurrence reasons can be explained, and the fault location can be assisted;
2) according to the storage method based on the graph database, provided by the invention, system architecture knowledge can be stored, fault case data can also be stored, and a relationship is established between the system architecture knowledge and the fault case data, so that subsequent application can realize functions such as query, statistics, explanation and the like by means of a retrieval language of the graph database and a user-defined retrieval function;
3) the graph database has very good expansibility, the fault cases can be continuously increased along with the maintenance guarantee of products, and the graph database can be continuously added according to the method. The new addition of the failure mode and the improvement of the system architecture can also quickly change the corresponding nodes in the graph database without influencing other parts in the graph database. Furthermore, logical relations such as fault reasoning and the like can also be expanded and added into the graph database, so that fault analysis is better realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an avionics system architecture hierarchy;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fault map data structure of an avionics system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The avionics system fault analysis method based on the graph database comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: abstracting an avionics system architecture to generate a networked data model according to the design information of the avionics system; generating a graph database in the avionics architecture field according to the data model;
step two: summarizing and concluding a typical fault mode according to the existing fault case data; establishing a relation among a fault case, a fault mode and a framework entity, and establishing a graph database of the avionics fault;
step three: and searching, inquiring, counting and explaining the fault phenomenon and reason in the graph database model, and assisting in fault positioning and analysis.
Further, the step one specifically includes the following steps:
1) a user constructs an integrated multilayer model of an airplane, a system, a subsystem, a module and a component as shown in figure 1 by using technical data such as avionics system design documents, maintenance operation instructions and the like, and determines the dependency relationship between the upper layer and the lower layer of an avionics architecture; according to the information flow of each function of the system, constructing the communication relation among entity nodes of each layer of the model; the entity nodes, the subordination relations and the communication relations of the system jointly form an avionics system networked data model.
2) The obtained data model is implemented as a graph database model in a graph database tool, and model attribute information is set; the attribute information of the graph database model comprises attribute information of entity nodes in the data model and attribute information of a dependency relationship and a communication relationship; and constructing a graph database of the avionics architecture field which is described by nodes, relations and attributes.
Further, the second step specifically includes the following steps:
1) based on the existing zero-setting fault case data, names and expressions are standardized through semantic disambiguation, a normalized fault description format and a proprietary dictionary are constructed, and the normalized fault cases are divided into multiple types of typical fault modes.
2) According to the generalized typical fault mode, creating a corresponding fault mode node, and establishing a relation with a structural entity node of the avionic system; wherein the relationship is that the fault in the fault mode may be located in some components of the avionics system; the relationship and failure mode nodes may each be attributed for subsequent use of the sequential graph database.
3) The fault case and the fault mode are in a subordinate relationship, and the fault case and the architecture entity have various relationships; the relationship includes that the phenomenon described in the fault case is located in a certain architecture entity, the fault cause of the fault case is determined to be caused by the fault of the certain architecture entity, and the like.
4) Importing the normalized fault case into a corresponding position in a graph database graph structure, and creating the relationship between the node of the fault case and the architecture entity node; the fault case node sets multiple attributes including occurrence time, occurrence place, fault phenomenon, fault reason and the like; the zero-reset fault cases can be continuously imported into the database according to the process, and the size of the database is expanded.
According to the modeling method, the graph database which is composed of the architecture entity, the fault mode and the fault case of the avionics system shown in FIG. 2 is created. According to the business requirements of maintenance and guarantee of the avionics system, architecture design knowledge and fault case data are combined in a targeted manner, so that creation and data storage of a graph database are completed, and a foundation is laid for application of follow-up auxiliary guarantee.
Further, the implementation of the application in step three can be subdivided into the following processes:
1) establishing a query function, performing function definition on a fault mode query statement and a fault phenomenon query statement, and combining the fault mode query statement and the fault phenomenon query statement with a graph data retrieval language; the failure mode query directly matches the failure mode node in the graph database, and the result is returned to the architecture entity node with possible failure in the node-related relationship; and the fault phenomenon query carries out word segmentation on the fault description input by the user, then normalizes the word according to a special dictionary, carries out regular matching on the word and the fault phenomenon attribute in the fault case node, and returns the result to the fault case node with similar fault phenomenon.
2) According to the attributes of the fault cases, the fault occurrence condition is counted, the attributes of the fault cases comprise time, places, reasons and the like, a statistical function of corresponding attribute values is created, and the statistical function is combined with a database retrieval language; and counting the distribution conditions of all fault cases according to the fault modes and the fault occurrence frequency of each fault piece to be confirmed associated with the fault modes.
3) According to two architecture entity nodes related to the fault case node, including a fault cause corresponding node and a fault phenomenon corresponding node, a directed path existing between the two nodes is obtained in a traversing mode through a graph traversing capacity, so that information flow of the fault phenomenon caused by the fault cause is determined, and the fault explaining capacity is achieved.
Taking a certain subsystem of a hypothetical avionics system as an example, the implementation process of the graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method provided by the invention is described as follows:
(1) graph data design research of avionics architecture
The knowledge of the avionics architecture mainly extracts relevant information of system architecture design and maintenance guarantee through system design documents, use and maintenance manuals and the like. As shown in fig. 1, the architecture design of an avionics system is often divided into five layers of structures including a complete machine, a system, a subsystem, a module and a component, each layer includes a plurality of system entities, and the upper layer and the lower layer are in a subordinate relationship. The realization of each function of the airplane requires the cooperation of a plurality of systems and subsystems, and the mapping to a module layer is data communication among a plurality of modules. Therefore, data communication among the modules is analyzed, information flow in the system is constructed, and information flow directions of the avionic system when each function is executed are recorded. Inter-module communication is according to various types of buses including PCIe, RS422, FC, Ethernet, etc. Thus, the architecture entities, dependencies and communication relationships of the system together form a networked data model of the avionics system.
The data model can be modeled into a graph database model by utilizing a graph database modeling tool, and the graph database model comprises information such as architecture entities, dependency relationships, communication relationships and the like. Because the nodes and the relations can be added with attributes at will, the graph database can be continuously added with various information, the knowledge scale is expanded, and the knowledge composition is refined.
(2) Fusion of failure and system graph databases
The graph database of the avionics system fault needs to integrate fault information on the basis of the graph database, and mainly relates to two types of nodes of a fault mode and a fault case. By referring to the maintenance operation instruction and the data recorded in the field security record, the most reproducible faults can be found to have a certain fault mode. Although the presentation records of the faults are different for field support personnel, many fault descriptions thereof all point to the same typical fault. Therefore, the primary task is to standardize names and expressions by semantic disambiguation based on the existing zero-resetting fault data set, and construct a normalized fault description format and a description dictionary. As shown in table 1, different representations of the fault cases can be unified into several types of typical fault patterns, and the fault case nodes and the fault pattern nodes are constructed accordingly.
The invention provides a fault analysis method for the field of avionics systems, which utilizes avionics system design documents and fault case data to create a graph database according to the modeling method, respectively carries out modeling definition on architecture entities, fault modes, fault cases and relations, and sets related attribute information to store system design knowledge and fault data, so that search functions of query, statistics and explanation can be conveniently created in the subsequent application, and the search functions are applied to interactive query of graph data to assist in fault maintenance and guarantee work of the avionics system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method combines the design knowledge of the avionic system with the fault cases, the fault handling does not completely depend on the knowledge of the system architecture and the experience of the fault handling of the support personnel, the information flow between fault phenomena caused by fault reasons can be visually seen, the fault occurrence reasons can be explained, and the fault location can be assisted;
2) according to the storage method based on the graph database, provided by the invention, system architecture knowledge can be stored, fault case data can also be stored, and a relationship is established between the system architecture knowledge and the fault case data, so that subsequent application can realize functions such as query, statistics, explanation and the like by means of a retrieval language of the graph database and a user-defined retrieval function;
3) the graph database has very good expansibility, the fault cases can be continuously increased along with the maintenance guarantee of products, and the graph database can be continuously added according to the method. The new addition of the failure mode and the improvement of the system architecture can also quickly change the corresponding nodes in the graph database without influencing other parts in the graph database. Furthermore, logical relations such as fault reasoning and the like can also be expanded and added into the graph database, so that fault analysis is better realized.
TABLE 1 System failure modes and case examples
Based on the normalized fault case data, a graph database modeling tool is utilized to construct fault case nodes and fault mode nodes, the fault case nodes and the fault mode nodes are fused with the structural entity nodes, and fault information is added into the constructed graph database. As shown in FIG. 2, a failure mode node has a "fail-over" relationship with a fabric entity node, indicating that this failure mode may be caused by the fabric entity failure, and that there may be multiple "fail-over" relationships with the same failure mode, pointing to multiple fabric entities. The "failure location" relationship may also set an attribute "occurrence number", according to which the failure of the failure case in the failure mode is the number of times caused by the failure of a certain architecture entity. The fault case node and the fault mode node are in a subordination relation, and the nodes in the same architecture entity have two types of relations, namely 'phenomenon is located' and 'reason is located'. The "phenomenon is located" relationship specifies that the phenomenon of the failure case appears on a certain architecture entity of the system, and the "reason is located" relationship specifies that the reason for the failure case is caused by a failure of a certain architecture entity of the system. The two types of relations can be extracted after the fault data are normalized, and are established among the fault case node, the fault mode node and the architecture entity node. The fault case node may set attributes including time, location, cause, phenomenon, etc. Therefore, the graph database of the avionic system is constructed, and the fault cases of a closed loop can be continuously added according to the graph database, so that the scale of the database is expanded to support better data application.
(3) Application of fault analysis
The graph database of the avionics system integrates system design knowledge and fault case data, not only is used for storing fault data, but also is used for providing support for fault analysis application, combines avionics system field data with a service scene, and assists in field service transformation. The method aims to solve the business scene that maintenance personnel of avionic system products are assisted to complete a fault analysis task, and quick positioning and reason explanation of faults are realized.
And based on the established database of the avionics system fault, realizing corresponding fault analysis, including functions of query, statistics, interpretation and the like. The graph database modeling tool supports special retrieval languages such as Cyber, and can write retrieval sentences of corresponding functional applications according to syntax. The fault case nodes are all related to the nodes where phenomena and reasons are located, and the fault propagation path is explained by matching the information flow path and combining the node attributes and the relationship attributes.
Claims (8)
1. A graph database based avionics system fault analysis method, the method comprising:
step 1, generating a networked data model according to an avionics system architecture; generating a graph database of the avionics system architecture according to the data model;
step 2, acquiring an existing fault case, and inducing a fault mode according to the existing fault case; establishing a relation between the existing fault case, the fault mode and a graph database of the avionics system architecture to obtain a graph database of the avionics system fault;
and 3, acquiring a current fault case, and determining the reason of the current fault case in the database of the faults of the avionic system.
2. The graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the networked data model is generated according to an avionics system architecture, specifically:
acquiring a design document and a maintenance operation instruction of an avionics system, constructing a multilayer avionics system architecture of an airplane, a system, a subsystem, a module and a component, and determining the subordination relationship between the upper layer and the lower layer of the multilayer avionics system architecture;
constructing a communication relation between entity nodes of each layer of the multilayer avionics system architecture;
the entity nodes, the subordination relations and the communication relations of the multilayer avionics system architecture jointly form an avionics system networked data model.
3. The graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method according to claim 2, wherein in step 1, the graph database of the avionics system architecture is generated according to the data model, specifically:
the networked data model of the avionics system is realized as a graph database model in a graph database tool, and attribute information of the graph database model is set; the attribute information of the graph database model comprises attribute information of entity nodes in the graph database model, attribute information of subordinate relations in the graph database model and attribute information of communication relations in the graph database model;
therefore, a graph database of an avionics system architecture is formed, wherein the graph database is formed by describing the entity nodes, the affiliations and the communication relations.
4. The graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the obtaining of the existing fault cases and the induction of the fault modes according to the existing fault cases are specifically as follows:
standardizing names and expressions through semantic disambiguation based on the existing fault cases to construct a standardized fault description format;
and carrying out normalized description on the existing fault cases according to a normalized fault description format, and dividing the normalized fault cases into multiple types of typical fault modes.
5. The graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method according to claim 4, characterized in that in step 2, the relationship between fault cases, fault modes and graph databases of avionics system architecture is established to obtain a graph database of avionics system faults;
establishing a fault mode node corresponding to each typical fault mode according to the typical fault modes, and establishing a corresponding relation between the fault mode node and an entity node of an avionics system architecture so as to obtain a graph database of avionics system faults; wherein the correspondence is a relationship in which a fault in a typical fault mode is located at some physical node in the avionics system architecture.
6. The graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method according to claim 5, wherein said correspondence comprises at least the following attributes:
the relation comprises that the phenomenon described in the fault case is located at an entity node of a certain avionics system architecture, and the fault reason of the fault case is determined to be caused by the fault of the entity node of the certain avionics system architecture;
the failure mode node at least comprises the following attributes: time of occurrence, place of occurrence, fault phenomenon, cause of fault.
7. A graph database based avionics system fault analysis method according to claim 6, wherein after step 2 and before step 3, said method further comprises:
establishing a query function, performing function definition on a fault mode query statement and a fault phenomenon query statement, and combining the fault mode query statement and the fault phenomenon query statement with a graph data retrieval language;
the failure mode query directly matches the failure mode node in the graph database, and the result is returned to the architecture entity node corresponding to the failure mode.
8. The graph database-based avionics system fault analysis method according to claim 7, wherein step 3 is specifically: according to the current fault case, determining two architecture entity nodes related to the fault case node in the graph database of the avionic system fault, traversing and acquiring a directed path existing between the two architecture entity nodes, and determining the information flow of the fault phenomenon caused by the fault reason; the two architecture entity nodes related to the fault case node comprise a fault cause corresponding node and a fault phenomenon corresponding node.
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| CN116304207A (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-06-23 | 中广核智能科技(深圳)有限责任公司 | Data association method and system based on graph database |
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