CN111549937A - Environment-friendly high-ductility heat-preservation heat-insulation combined masonry wall structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Environment-friendly high-ductility heat-preservation heat-insulation combined masonry wall structure and construction method thereof Download PDF

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CN111549937A
CN111549937A CN202010279140.2A CN202010279140A CN111549937A CN 111549937 A CN111549937 A CN 111549937A CN 202010279140 A CN202010279140 A CN 202010279140A CN 111549937 A CN111549937 A CN 111549937A
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李爽
赵建军
翟长海
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Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/64—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor for making damp-proof; Protection against corrosion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙及其施工方法，其中组合砌体墙包括PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖，粘贴在墙体外侧的保温板，设置于保温板外侧的环保高韧性水泥基材料预制板，设置于高韧性水泥基材料预制板外侧的饰面涂层。解决了外墙保温材料耐气候性和耐久性较差，施工过程复杂，墙体裂缝不易控制，抗震性能差，增加了墙体厚度，但对保温隔热效果改善不太明显的问题，同时如何将这些固体废弃物进行回收再利用的问题。本发明通过PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖和环保、高韧性水泥基复合材料预制板的应用，可有效提高砌体墙结构的施工进度，增加墙体的抗弯、抗剪、抗腐蚀、抗冻以及抗震性能，而且更符合绿色可持续发展。

Figure 202010279140

The invention discloses an environment-friendly, high-ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall and a construction method thereof. The combined masonry wall comprises PVA fiber concrete porous bricks, a thermal insulation board pasted on the outside of the wall, and an environmental protection board arranged on the outside of the thermal insulation board. The high-toughness cement-based material prefabricated board is provided as a finishing coating on the outer side of the high-toughness cement-based material prefabricated board. It solves the problems of poor weather resistance and durability of external wall insulation materials, complicated construction process, difficult control of wall cracks, poor seismic performance, increased wall thickness, but less obvious improvement in thermal insulation effect. The problem of recycling and reusing these solid wastes. The invention can effectively improve the construction progress of the masonry wall structure and increase the bending resistance, shear resistance, corrosion resistance, frost resistance and earthquake resistance of the wall through the application of the PVA fiber concrete porous brick and the environmental protection and high toughness cement-based composite material prefabricated board. performance, and more in line with green sustainable development.

Figure 202010279140

Description

一种环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构及其施工方法A kind of environmental protection, high ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure and construction method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明具体涉及环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构及其施工方法，属于建筑外围护结构工程技术领域。The invention specifically relates to an environmental protection, high ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building outer protection structure engineering.

背景技术Background technique

从古至今，砌体墙一直是我国建筑行业的一项重要组成部分。然而，砌体结构抗弯、抗剪强度低；延性差；抗腐蚀、抗冻性能差；导致其抗震性能差，地震过后，大量的砌体结构发生大面积倒塌现象，而且无法进行修复。因此，处于地震中的砌体结构，不仅会增加地震中的伤亡人数，还会造成大量的经济损失。Since ancient times, masonry walls have always been an important part of my country's construction industry. However, the masonry structure has low flexural and shear strength; poor ductility; poor corrosion resistance and frost resistance; resulting in poor seismic performance. After the earthquake, a large number of masonry structures collapsed and could not be repaired. Therefore, the masonry structure in the earthquake will not only increase the number of casualties in the earthquake, but also cause a lot of economic losses.

再者，随着绿色可持续发展理念的推广，绿色建筑逐渐被人们所认知。其中，外墙保温系统便是其中之一。在冬季，外墙保温系统的投入使用，可有效减少墙体热损失，因而，可降低暖气与空调能制热设备所需能耗；在夏季，外墙保温系统能减少太阳辐射的热传导，有效降低太阳腐蚀和室外空气综合作用，因而，可降低电风扇与空调能制冷设备所需能耗。Furthermore, with the promotion of the concept of green sustainable development, green buildings are gradually recognized by people. Among them, the external wall insulation system is one of them. In winter, the external wall insulation system is put into use, which can effectively reduce the heat loss of the wall, thus reducing the energy consumption required by heating and air-conditioning heating equipment; in summer, the external wall thermal insulation system can reduce the heat conduction of solar radiation, effectively Reduce the combined effect of solar corrosion and outdoor air, therefore, can reduce the energy consumption of electric fans and air conditioning refrigeration equipment.

现有技术中，外墙保温材料耐气候性和耐久性较差，施工过程复杂，墙体裂缝不易控制，抗震性能差，保温材料的投入使用，虽增加了墙体厚度，但对保温隔热效果改善不太明显。In the prior art, the external wall thermal insulation materials have poor weather resistance and durability, complicated construction process, difficult control of wall cracks, and poor seismic performance. The effect is not much improved.

如今，由于旧建筑物的翻新和重建活动，玻璃和陶瓷废弃量在全球范围内日益增多，如何将这些固体废弃物进行回收再利用，是我们目前所面临的一项重大挑战。Today, due to the renovation and reconstruction of old buildings, the amount of glass and ceramic waste is increasing worldwide, and how to recycle these solid wastes is a major challenge we are currently facing.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明针对上述背景技术中提出的外墙保温材料耐气候性和耐久性较差，施工过程复杂，墙体裂缝不易控制，抗震性能差，增加了墙体厚度，但对保温隔热效果改善不太明显问题，同时如何将这些固体废弃物进行回收再利用的问题，提供一种环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构及其施工方法，通过PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖代替原有的烧结多孔砖和普通混凝土多孔砖，利用环保、高韧性水泥基复合材料预制板代替原有的网格布和抗裂砂浆等施工工艺，可有效提高砌体墙结构的施工进度，增加墙体的抗弯、抗剪、抗腐蚀、抗冻以及抗震性能，而且更符合绿色可持续发展。The present invention is aimed at the poor weather resistance and durability of the external wall thermal insulation material proposed in the above-mentioned background technology, complicated construction process, difficult control of wall cracks, poor seismic performance, and increased wall thickness, but does not improve the thermal insulation effect. The problem is too obvious. At the same time, the problem of how to recycle and reuse these solid wastes provides an environmentally friendly, high-ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure and its construction method. The original sintered porous bricks are replaced by PVA fiber concrete porous bricks. For bricks and ordinary concrete perforated bricks, the use of environmentally friendly, high-toughness cement-based composite material prefabricated panels to replace the original construction techniques such as mesh cloth and anti-crack mortar can effectively improve the construction progress of the masonry wall structure and increase the wall's bending resistance. , anti-shear, anti-corrosion, anti-freezing and anti-vibration performance, and more in line with green sustainable development.

本发明提出一种环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构，包括若干PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖、砌筑砂浆、粘结层、保温层、水泥基复合材料预制板、若干锚固件和饰面涂层，若干PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖采用高强度砌筑砂浆粘结成墙体，所述墙体外由里及外依次设置粘结层、保温层、水泥基复合材料预制板、若干锚固件和饰面涂层，所述粘结层用于粘贴保温层，若干锚固件用于水泥基复合材料预制板的加固；所述PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖的配合比为：水泥为353kg/m3，水169kg/m3，粉煤灰为67kg/m3，砂子为712kg/m3，石子为1068kg/m3，减水剂为4.2kg/m3，PVA纤维长度为12mm，体积掺量为1.2kg/m3。The invention proposes an environment-friendly, high-ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure, which includes several PVA fiber concrete porous bricks, masonry mortar, bonding layer, thermal insulation layer, cement-based composite material prefabricated board, several anchors and veneers Coating, a number of PVA fiber concrete porous bricks are bonded with high-strength masonry mortar to form a wall, and the outside of the wall is sequentially provided with an adhesive layer, a thermal insulation layer, a cement-based composite material prefabricated board, a number of anchors and Finishing coating, the bonding layer is used for pasting the thermal insulation layer, and several anchors are used for the reinforcement of the cement-based composite material prefabricated board; the mixing ratio of the PVA fiber concrete porous brick is: cement is 353kg/m 3 , water 169kg/m 3 , fly ash 67kg/m 3 , sand 712kg/m 3 , stone 1068kg/m 3 , water reducing agent 4.2kg/m 3 , PVA fiber length 12mm, volume dosage 1.2kg /m 3 .

优选地，所述PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖的孔截面为圆形，砖块之间采用高强度砌筑砂浆2粘结。Preferably, the cross section of the hole of the PVA fiber concrete porous brick is circular, and high-strength masonry mortar 2 is used to bond the bricks.

优选地，所述粘结层包括界面剂和粘结剂，方便粘合。Preferably, the adhesive layer includes an interface agent and a binder to facilitate adhesion.

优选地，所述保温层可为聚苯板、挤塑板、聚氨酯发泡材料、珍珠岩以及岩棉板等保温材料，所用材料均有良好的稳定性、阻燃性以及吸水率。Preferably, the thermal insulation layer can be thermal insulation materials such as polystyrene board, extruded plastic board, polyurethane foam material, perlite and rock wool board, and the materials used have good stability, flame retardancy and water absorption.

优选地，所述水泥基复合材料预制板内部掺有固废陶瓷粉或固废玻璃粉，预制板厚度为2-3cm。Preferably, solid waste ceramic powder or solid waste glass powder is mixed inside the cement-based composite material prefabricated board, and the thickness of the prefabricated board is 2-3 cm.

优选地，掺固废陶瓷粉的水泥基复合材料预制板的配合比为：水泥126.4kg/m3、粉煤灰884.8kg/m3、废固陶瓷粉252.8kg/m3、石英砂455kg/m3、水303kg/m3、纤维26kg/m3，减水剂为胶凝材料掺量的1.3％，消泡剂为胶凝材料掺量的0.3％，增稠剂为胶凝材料掺量的0.08％，所述废固陶瓷粉为300目。所述胶凝材料为水泥、粉煤灰、固废陶瓷粉、石英砂、水和聚乙烯醇纤维形成的凝胶状的混合物。Preferably, the mixing ratio of the cement-based composite prefabricated board mixed with solid waste ceramic powder is: cement 126.4kg/m 3 , fly ash 884.8kg/m 3 , waste solid ceramic powder 252.8kg/m 3 , quartz sand 455kg/m m 3 , water 303kg/m 3 , fiber 26kg/m 3 , the water reducing agent is 1.3% of the content of the cementitious material, the defoamer is 0.3% of the content of the cementitious material, and the thickener is the content of the cementitious material 0.08%, the waste solid ceramic powder is 300 mesh. The cementitious material is a gel-like mixture formed by cement, fly ash, solid waste ceramic powder, quartz sand, water and polyvinyl alcohol fibers.

优选地，掺固废玻璃粉的水泥基复合材料预制板的配合比为：水泥252.8kg/m3，粉煤灰758.4kg/m3，固废玻璃粉252.8kg/m3，石英砂455kg/m3，水303kg/m3，纤维26kg/m3，减水剂为胶凝材料掺量的1.3％，消泡剂为胶凝材料掺量的0.3％，增稠剂为胶凝材料掺量的0.08％。所述胶凝材料为水泥、粉煤灰、固废玻璃粉、石英砂、水和聚乙烯醇纤维形成的凝胶状的混合物。Preferably, the mixing ratio of the cement-based composite prefabricated board mixed with solid waste glass powder is: cement 252.8kg/m 3 , fly ash 758.4kg/m 3 , solid waste glass powder 252.8kg/m 3 , quartz sand 455kg/m m 3 , water 303kg/m 3 , fiber 26kg/m 3 , water reducing agent is 1.3% of the content of the cementitious material, defoamer is 0.3% of the content of the cementitious material, thickener is the content of the cementitious material 0.08%. The cementitious material is a gel-like mixture formed by cement, fly ash, solid waste glass powder, quartz sand, water and polyvinyl alcohol fibers.

优选地，所述锚固件进墙深度≥5cm，锚固钉数量每平方米≥4个。Preferably, the depth of the anchors entering the wall is greater than or equal to 5 cm, and the number of anchoring nails is greater than or equal to 4 per square meter.

所述的环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构的施工方法，具体包括以下步骤：The construction method of the environmental protection and high ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure specifically includes the following steps:

(1)根据工程设计要求，砌筑PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖；(1) According to the engineering design requirements, build PVA fiber concrete porous bricks;

(2)对砌筑起来的基层墙体进行清洁处理，并挂垂直线和水平线，找平以保证后续结构层的平整度；(2) Clean the masonry base walls, hang vertical and horizontal lines, and level them to ensure the flatness of the subsequent structural layers;

(3)在保温层一面薄薄涂刷一层界面剂，待干燥后，采用点贴和条贴相结合的方法涂抹粘结剂；(3) A thin layer of interface agent is applied on one side of the thermal insulation layer, and after drying, the adhesive is applied by a combination of dot stickers and strip stickers;

(4)粘贴保温层，粘贴时应轻揉滑动到位；(4) Paste the insulation layer, and it should be gently rubbed and slid into place when pasting;

(5)粘贴24小时后，在保温层外侧从上而下加固一层水泥基复合材料预制板，加固方法为：在水泥基复合材料预制板外安装锚固件，锚固件可为拧入或敲入，每安装一块水泥基复合材料预制板时，均需锚固，水平方向水泥基复合材料预制板必须紧贴，竖直方向水泥基复合材料预制板搭接长度不低于5cm；(5) After 24 hours of pasting, reinforce a layer of cement-based composite material prefabricated panels from top to bottom on the outside of the thermal insulation layer. The reinforcement method is: install anchors outside the cement-based composite material prefabricated panels. The anchors can be screwed in or knocked on. When installing a cement-based composite material prefabricated board, it needs to be anchored. The horizontal direction of the cement-based composite material prefabricated board must be close, and the vertical direction of the cement-based composite material prefabricated board. The overlap length is not less than 5cm;

(6)水泥基复合材料预制板加固完毕之后，便可以进行墙体上部饰面涂层的施工，饰面涂层采取从上而下施工方式。(6) After the cement-based composite material prefabricated board is reinforced, the construction of the decorative coating on the upper part of the wall can be carried out, and the decorative coating shall be constructed from top to bottom.

本发明所述的环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the environmental protection and high ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure of the present invention are:

1、本发明采用环保、高韧性复合材料预制板对保温材料有一定的保护作用，水泥基复合材料预制板具有良好的平整度，无需采用网格布、抗裂砂浆以及找平等施工过程。1. The present invention adopts the environmental protection and high toughness composite material prefabricated board to have a certain protective effect on the thermal insulation material, and the cement-based composite material prefabricated board has good flatness, and does not need to use mesh cloth, anti-cracking mortar and leveling construction process.

2、本发明通过PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖代替原有的烧结多孔砖和普通混凝土多孔砖，利用环保、高韧性水泥基复合材料预制板代替原有的网格布和抗裂砂浆等施工工艺，可有效提高砌体墙结构的施工进度，增加墙体的抗弯、抗剪、抗腐蚀、抗冻以及抗震性能，而且更符合绿色可持续发展。2. The present invention replaces the original sintered porous bricks and ordinary concrete porous bricks with PVA fiber concrete porous bricks, and replaces the original mesh cloth and anti-cracking mortar and other construction techniques with environmentally friendly, high-toughness cement-based composite material prefabricated boards. It can effectively improve the construction progress of the masonry wall structure, increase the bending resistance, shear resistance, corrosion resistance, frost resistance and seismic performance of the wall body, and is more in line with green sustainable development.

3、本发明采用的PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖材料具有良好的抗压、抗拉性能，可有效提高墙体的整体稳定性；环保、高韧性复合材料预制板具有良好的弯曲韧性，属于超高韧性材料，可增强墙体的保温隔热效果，而且该材料的投入使用，可大大促进固废陶瓷和固废玻璃的循环利用，从而缓解废弃物处置压力，一定程度上改善环境污染问题，除此之外，该材料具有良好的抗冻、抗腐蚀、自修复、抗裂性能，可有效提高砌体墙的抗震性能。3. The PVA fiber concrete porous brick material used in the present invention has good compressive and tensile properties, which can effectively improve the overall stability of the wall; the prefabricated board of environmentally friendly, high-toughness composite material has good bending toughness, which belongs to ultra-high toughness It can enhance the thermal insulation effect of the wall, and the use of this material can greatly promote the recycling of solid waste ceramics and solid waste glass, thereby relieving the pressure of waste disposal and improving environmental pollution to a certain extent. In addition, the material has good frost resistance, corrosion resistance, self-healing and crack resistance, which can effectively improve the seismic performance of masonry walls.

4、本发明的施工方法较现有的施工方法相比，该施工过程更简单，施工效率高，可节约大量的时间，成型效果更好，材料环保性能更好，成本更低，使用价值高，抗震性能好，使用寿命长，顺应可持续发展时代要求。复合材料预制板和饰面涂层施工均采用至上而下顺序施工，可实现下部预制板安装和上部涂层施工同步进行。4. Compared with the existing construction method, the construction method of the present invention has simpler construction process, high construction efficiency, can save a lot of time, better molding effect, better environmental protection performance of materials, lower cost and high use value. , good seismic performance, long service life, in line with the requirements of the era of sustainable development. The construction of composite material prefabricated panels and finish coating is carried out in a top-down sequence, which can realize the simultaneous installation of the lower prefabricated panels and the construction of the upper coating.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明所述的环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of the environmental protection, high ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure according to the present invention;

图2为本发明所述的环保、高韧性水泥基复合材料预制板的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the environmental protection, high toughness cement-based composite material prefabricated board of the present invention;

附图标记说明：1-PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖；2-砌筑砂浆；3-粘结层；4-保温层；5-水泥基复合材料预制板；6-锚固件；7-饰面涂层；8-搭接处。Description of reference numerals: 1-PVA fiber concrete porous brick; 2-Masonry mortar; 3-Adhesive layer; 4-Insulation layer; 5-Cement-based composite material prefabricated board; 6-Anchor; ; 8 - Overlap.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明：The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

具体实施方式一：参见图1-2说明本实施方式。本实施方式所述的环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构，包括若干PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖1、砌筑砂浆2、粘结层3、保温层4、水泥基复合材料预制板5、若干锚固件6和饰面涂层7，若干PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖1采用高强度砌筑砂浆2粘结成墙体，所述墙体外由里及外依次设置粘结层3、保温层4、水泥基复合材料预制板5、若干锚固件6和饰面涂层7，粘结层3用于粘贴保温层4，若干锚固件6用于水泥基复合材料预制板5的加固；所述PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖1的配合比为：水泥为353kg/m3，水169kg/m3，粉煤灰为67kg/m3，砂子为712kg/m3，石子为1068kg/m3，减水剂为4.2kg/m3，PVA纤维长度为12mm，体积掺量为1.2kg/m3。Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1-2 . The environmental protection and high ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure described in this embodiment includes several PVA fiber concrete porous bricks 1, masonry mortar 2, bonding layer 3, thermal insulation layer 4, cement-based composite material prefabricated boards 5, Several anchors 6 and finishing coatings 7, several PVA fiber concrete porous bricks 1 are bonded into a wall with high-strength masonry mortar 2, and the outside of the wall is sequentially provided with an adhesive layer 3 and a thermal insulation layer 4 from the inside to the outside. , a cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5, several anchors 6 and a decorative coating 7, the bonding layer 3 is used to paste the thermal insulation layer 4, and a number of anchors 6 are used for the reinforcement of the cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5; the PVA The mixing ratio of fiber reinforced concrete porous brick 1 is: cement is 353kg/m 3 , water is 169kg/m 3 , fly ash is 67kg/m 3 , sand is 712kg/m 3 , stone is 1068kg/m 3 , and water reducing agent is 4.2kg/m 3 , the PVA fiber length is 12mm, and the volume dosage is 1.2kg/m 3 .

所述PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖1的孔截面为圆形，砖块之间采用高强度砌筑砂浆2粘结，砌筑砂浆2应饱满。所述PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖1的孔截面，本领域技术人员可根据实际需求设计为其它形状。PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖1尺寸规格应符合《混凝土多孔砖》JC943-2004行业标准。The PVA fiber concrete porous brick 1 has a circular cross-section of the hole, and the bricks are bonded with high-strength masonry mortar 2, which should be full. The cross section of the hole of the PVA fiber concrete porous brick 1 can be designed into other shapes by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. The size specification of PVA fiber concrete porous brick 1 should conform to the industry standard of "Concrete Porous Brick" JC943-2004.

所述粘结层3包括界面剂和粘结剂，方便粘合。The adhesive layer 3 includes an interface agent and an adhesive, which facilitates bonding.

所述保温层4可为聚苯板、挤塑板、聚氨酯发泡材料、珍珠岩以及岩棉板等保温材料，所用材料均有良好的稳定性、阻燃性以及吸水率。所述保温层4的尺寸和厚度按设计要求选用。The thermal insulation layer 4 can be thermal insulation materials such as polystyrene board, extruded plastic board, polyurethane foam material, perlite and rock wool board, and the materials used have good stability, flame retardancy and water absorption. The size and thickness of the thermal insulation layer 4 are selected according to design requirements.

所述水泥基复合材料预制板5内部掺有固废陶瓷粉或固废玻璃粉，预制板厚度为2-3cm。The cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5 is mixed with solid waste ceramic powder or solid waste glass powder, and the thickness of the prefabricated board is 2-3 cm.

掺固废陶瓷粉的水泥基复合材料预制板5配合比为：水泥126.4kg/m3(P.O 42.5)，粉煤灰884.8kg/m3(一级)，陶瓷粉252.8kg/m3(300目)，石英砂455kg/m3，水303kg/m3，纤维26kg/m3(K-Ⅱ型可乐纶)减水剂(改性聚羧酸盐类)为胶凝材料掺量的1.3％，消泡剂为胶凝材料掺量的0.3％，增稠剂(羟丙甲基纤维素)为胶凝材料掺量的0.08％。所述胶凝材料为水泥、粉煤灰、固废陶瓷粉、石英砂、水和聚乙烯醇纤维形成的凝胶状的混合物。The mixing ratio of cement-based composite prefabricated board 5 mixed with waste ceramic powder is: cement 126.4kg/m 3 (PO 42.5), fly ash 884.8kg/m 3 (first grade), ceramic powder 252.8kg/m 3 (300 mesh), quartz sand 455kg/m 3 , water 303kg/m 3 , fiber 26kg/m 3 (K-Ⅱ type Kolalon) water reducing agent (modified polycarboxylate) is 1.3% of the content of the cementitious material , the defoaming agent is 0.3% of the content of the gelling material, and the thickener (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) is 0.08% of the content of the gelling material. The cementitious material is a gel-like mixture formed by cement, fly ash, solid waste ceramic powder, quartz sand, water and polyvinyl alcohol fibers.

掺固废玻璃粉的水泥基复合材料预制板5配合比为：水泥252.8kg/m3(P.O 42.5)，粉煤灰758.4kg/m3(一级)，固废玻璃粉252.8kg/m3(300目)，石英砂455kg/m3，水303kg/m3，纤维26kg/m3(K-Ⅱ型可乐纶)，减水剂(改性聚羧酸盐类)为胶凝材料掺量的1.3％，消泡剂为胶凝材料掺量的0.3％，增稠剂(羟丙甲基纤维素)为胶凝材料掺量的0.08％。所述胶凝材料为水泥、粉煤灰、固废玻璃粉、石英砂、水和聚乙烯醇纤维形成的凝胶状的混合物。The mixing ratio of cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5 mixed with solid waste glass powder is: cement 252.8kg/m 3 (PO 42.5), fly ash 758.4kg/m 3 (first grade), solid waste glass powder 252.8kg/m 3 (300 mesh), quartz sand 455kg/m 3 , water 303kg/m 3 , fiber 26kg/m 3 (K-Ⅱ type Kolalon), water reducing agent (modified polycarboxylate) is the content of cementitious material 1.3% of the content of the defoaming agent, 0.3% of the content of the gelling material, and 0.08% of the content of the thickening agent (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose) of the gelling material. The cementitious material is a gel-like mixture formed by cement, fly ash, solid waste glass powder, quartz sand, water and polyvinyl alcohol fibers.

所述锚固件6进墙深度≥5cm，锚固钉数量每平方米≥4个。The depth of the anchor 6 into the wall is greater than or equal to 5cm, and the number of anchoring nails per square meter is greater than or equal to 4.

所述的环保、高延性保温隔热组合砌体墙结构的施工方法，具体包括以下步骤：The construction method of the environmental protection and high ductility thermal insulation combined masonry wall structure specifically includes the following steps:

(1)根据工程设计要求，砌筑PVA纤维混凝土多孔砖1；(1) According to the engineering design requirements, build PVA fiber concrete porous brick 1;

(2)对砌筑起来的基层墙体进行清洁处理，并挂垂直线和水平线，找平以保证后续结构层的平整度；(2) Clean the masonry base walls, hang vertical and horizontal lines, and level them to ensure the flatness of the subsequent structural layers;

(3)在保温层4一面薄薄涂刷一层界面剂，待干燥后，采用点贴和条贴相结合的方法涂抹粘结剂；(3) A thin layer of interface agent is applied on one side of the thermal insulation layer 4, and after drying, the adhesive is applied by a combination of dot stickers and strip stickers;

(4)粘贴保温层4，粘贴时应轻揉滑动到位；(4) Paste the insulation layer 4, and it should be gently rubbed and slid into place when pasting;

(5)粘贴24小时后，在保温层4外侧从上而下加固一层水泥基复合材料预制板5，加固方法为：在水泥基复合材料预制板5外安装锚固件6，锚固件6可为拧入或敲入，每安装一块水泥基复合材料预制板5时，均需锚固，水平方向水泥基复合材料预制板5必须紧贴，竖直方向水泥基复合材料预制板5搭接长度不低于5cm；(5) After 24 hours of pasting, a layer of cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5 is reinforced from top to bottom on the outside of the thermal insulation layer 4. The reinforcement method is: An anchor 6 is installed outside the cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5. The anchor 6 can be In order to screw in or knock in, every time a cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5 is installed, it needs to be anchored. less than 5cm;

(6)水泥基复合材料预制板5加固一部分后，便可以进行墙体上部饰面涂层7的施工，饰面涂层7采取从上而下施工方式。(6) After a part of the cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5 is reinforced, the construction of the decorative coating 7 on the upper part of the wall can be carried out, and the decorative coating 7 is constructed from top to bottom.

所述水泥基复合材料预制板5和饰面涂层7均采用从上而下的加固方法，一方面从上而下加固方便施工，另一方面上方加固完就可以加固饰面涂层了，可以缩短工期，。The cement-based composite material prefabricated board 5 and the finishing coating 7 all adopt the reinforcement method from top to bottom. On the one hand, the reinforcement from top to bottom is convenient for construction, and on the other hand, the finishing coating can be reinforced after the top reinforcement is completed. The construction period can be shortened.

本发明采用环保、高韧性复合材料预制板对保温材料有一定的保护作用，预制板具有良好的平整度，无需采用网格布、抗裂砂浆以及找平等施工过程，较现有的施工方法相比，该施工过程更简单，施工效率高，可节约大量的时间，成型效果好，材料环保性能好，成本低，使用价值高，抗震性能好，使用寿命长，顺应可持续发展时代要求。The invention adopts environmental protection and high toughness composite material prefabricated board to have a certain protective effect on the thermal insulation material, the prefabricated board has good flatness, and does not need to use mesh cloth, anti-cracking mortar and leveling construction process, which is comparable to the existing construction method. The construction process is simpler, the construction efficiency is high, it can save a lot of time, the molding effect is good, the material environmental protection performance is good, the cost is low, the use value is high, the seismic performance is good, the service life is long, and it conforms to the requirements of the sustainable development era.

需要说明的是，本实施例中的高韧性复合材料预制板也可用于框架结构或框架剪力墙等结构的墙体保温层外侧。It should be noted that the high-toughness composite material prefabricated board in this embodiment can also be used for the outer side of the wall insulation layer of the frame structure or the frame shear wall and other structures.

以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明。所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，还可以是上述各个实施方式记载的特征的合理组合，凡在本发明精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and may also be a reasonable combination of the features recorded in the above-mentioned various embodiments, all within the spirit and principle of the present invention, Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The environment-friendly high-ductility heat-preservation and heat-insulation combined masonry wall structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of PVA fiber concrete porous bricks (1), masonry mortar (2), a bonding layer (3), a heat-preservation layer (4), a cement-based composite precast slab (5), a plurality of anchoring pieces (6) and a facing coating (7), wherein the plurality of PVA fiber concrete porous bricks (1) are bonded into a wall body by adopting high-strength masonry mortar (2), the bonding layer (3), the heat-preservation layer (4), the cement-based composite precast slab (5), the anchoring pieces (6) and the facing coating (7) are sequentially arranged outside the wall body from inside to outside, the bonding layer (3) is used for bonding the heat-preservation layer (4), and the anchoring pieces (6) are used for reinforcing the cement-based composite precast slab (5);
the PVA fiber concrete perforated brick (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: the cement content is 353kg/m3169kg/m of water3The fly ash is 67kg/m3Sand of 712kg/m3The stone is 1068kg/m3The water reducing agent is 4.2kg/m3The PVA fiber length is 12mm, and the volume mixing amount is 1.2kg/m3。
2. The environmentally friendly, high ductility, insulating, and masonry wall assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the holes of the PVA fiber concrete perforated brick (1) is circular.
3. The environmentally friendly, high ductility, insulating, modular masonry wall structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the bonding layer (3) comprises an interfacial agent and a binder.
4. The environment-friendly high-ductility heat-insulating combined masonry wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat-insulating layer (4) can be made of heat-insulating materials such as polystyrene boards, extruded sheets, polyurethane foam materials, perlite and rock wool boards, and the materials have good stability, fire resistance and water absorption.
5. The environmentally friendly, high-ductility heat-insulating combined masonry wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the cement-based composite precast slab (5) is doped with solid waste ceramic powder or solid waste glass powder, and the thickness of the precast slab is 2-3 cm.
6. The environment-friendly high-ductility heat-preserving heat-insulating combined masonry wall structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the cement-based composite material precast slab (5) doped with solid waste ceramic powder has the following mixing ratio: 126.4kg/m cement3884.8kg/m of fly ash3252.8kg/m of solid waste ceramic powder3455kg/m of quartz sand3303kg/m of water326kg/m of fiber3The water reducing agent accounts for 1.3 percent of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the defoaming agent accounts for 0.3 percent of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the thickening agent accounts for 0.08 percent of the mixing amount of the cementing material, and the waste solid ceramic powder is 300 meshes.
7. The environment-friendly high-ductility heat-insulating combined masonry wall structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the cement-based composite precast slab (5) doped with solid waste glass powder has the following mix ratio: 252.8kg/m cement3758.4kg/m of fly ash3Solid waste glass powder252.8kg/m3455kg/m of quartz sand3303kg/m of water326kg/m of fiber3The water reducing agent accounts for 1.3 percent of the mixing amount of the cementing material, the defoaming agent accounts for 0.3 percent of the mixing amount of the cementing material, and the thickening agent accounts for 0.08 percent of the mixing amount of the cementing material.
8. The environment-friendly high-ductility heat-insulating combined masonry wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the wall-entering depth of the anchoring piece (6) is more than or equal to 5cm, and the number of anchoring nails per square meter is more than or equal to 4.
9. The construction method of the environment-friendly high-ductility heat-preservation heat-insulation combined masonry wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) building the PVA fiber concrete porous brick (1) according to the engineering design requirement;
(2) cleaning the built base wall, hanging vertical lines and horizontal lines, and leveling to ensure the flatness of a subsequent structural layer;
(3) coating a layer of interfacial agent on one surface of the heat-insulating layer (4) in a thin manner, and coating a binder by adopting a point-pasting and strip-pasting combined method after drying;
(4) the heat-insulating layer (4) is pasted, and the heat-insulating layer is gently rubbed and slid in place during pasting;
(5) after 24 hours of pasting, a layer of cement-based composite precast slab (5) is reinforced on the outer side of the heat preservation layer (4) from top to bottom, and the reinforcing method comprises the following steps: the anchoring piece (6) is arranged outside the cement-based composite prefabricated plate (5), the anchoring piece (6) can be screwed in or knocked in, when one cement-based composite prefabricated plate (5) is arranged, the cement-based composite prefabricated plate (5) needs to be anchored, the cement-based composite prefabricated plate (5) in the horizontal direction needs to be tightly attached, and the overlapping length of the cement-based composite prefabricated plate (5) in the vertical direction is not less than 5 cm;
(6) after a part of the cement-based composite precast slab (5) is reinforced, the construction of the facing coating (7) on the upper part of the wall body can be carried out, and the facing coating (7) is constructed from top to bottom.
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