CN111547795B - An organic fertilizer maintenance method, a maintenance tank and an integrated maintenance equipment for realizing zero discharge of the existing domestic garbage leachate - Google Patents

An organic fertilizer maintenance method, a maintenance tank and an integrated maintenance equipment for realizing zero discharge of the existing domestic garbage leachate Download PDF

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CN111547795B
CN111547795B CN202010362880.2A CN202010362880A CN111547795B CN 111547795 B CN111547795 B CN 111547795B CN 202010362880 A CN202010362880 A CN 202010362880A CN 111547795 B CN111547795 B CN 111547795B
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maintenance
tank
water
leachate
air
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CN111547795A (en
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吴军
罗培康
朱俊伟
杨智力
吕宜廉
李丹阳
李志远
马海涛
郭小境
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Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co ltd
Nanjing University
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Nanjing Cross Environmental Technology Co ltd
Nanjing University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/28—Selection of materials for use as drying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种实现存量生活垃圾渗滤液零排放的有机肥养护方法、养护槽及一体化养护设备，属于废水资源化技术领域。利用养护槽对颗粒有机肥进行养护，期间持续向养护槽内喷洒渗滤液作为养护用水，同时强制向养护槽内通入热风，渗滤液中的水分蒸发并分散于养护槽内的气体中；所述一体化养护设备，包括：养护槽以及生石灰脱水槽，所述离心风机的出风口与生石灰脱水槽相连通，所述生石灰脱水槽，任意选择性的直接与养护槽的排水布气装置相连通或通过换热器与养护槽的排水布气装置相连通。本发明能实现渗滤液尾水的零排放，又以再利用的形式实现了渗滤液中污染元素的去除，提高了颗粒生物有机肥的肥效。

Figure 202010362880

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer maintenance method, a maintenance tank and an integrated maintenance device for realizing zero discharge of existing domestic garbage leachate, and belongs to the technical field of waste water recycling. Use the curing tank to maintain the granular organic fertilizer. During the period, the leachate is continuously sprayed into the curing tank as the maintenance water. At the same time, hot air is forced into the curing tank, and the water in the leachate is evaporated and dispersed in the gas in the curing tank. The integrated maintenance equipment includes: a maintenance tank and a quicklime dewatering tank, the air outlet of the centrifugal fan is communicated with the quicklime dewatering tank, and the quicklime dewatering tank is optionally directly communicated with the drainage and air distribution device of the maintenance tank Or communicate with the drainage and air distribution device of the curing tank through a heat exchanger. The invention can realize zero discharge of leachate tail water, realize the removal of polluting elements in the leachate in the form of reuse, and improve the fertilizer efficiency of the granular biological organic fertilizer.

Figure 202010362880

Description

Organic fertilizer maintenance method, maintenance tank and integrated maintenance equipment for realizing zero discharge of stored domestic garbage leachate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental engineering, in particular to an organic fertilizer maintenance method, a maintenance tank and integrated maintenance equipment for realizing zero discharge of stored domestic garbage leachate.
Background
The quantity of the domestic stock refuse landfill is large, a large amount of land is occupied, the pollution problem is serious, and the exploitation, separation and resource utilization of the stock refuse by utilizing the urban mineral production technology is the best scheme for fundamentally solving the problem. For example, humus soil organic matter resources in the stored garbage are utilized to produce granular biological organic fertilizer; and for example, the technology of treating percolate or domestic sewage by using undersize humus obtained after mining and sorting of a stock refuse landfill is also verified and popularized (for example, the Chinese patent application with the application number of 00127298.5, a purification treatment method of percolate of the refuse landfill, the Chinese patent application with the application number of 200610166396.2, a method for dispersing domestic sewage and a reactor thereof). The stored garbage dug and collected materials are generally subjected to pretreatment to improve the stability and reduce the water content and then are subjected to sorting and recycling so as to improve the operating environment and improve the capacity of processing equipment. The wastewater generated in the heterotopic strengthening pretreatment process conforms to the water quality characteristics of old landfill leachate, namely has the characteristics of high ammonia nitrogen and difficult biodegradation.
The domestic landfill leachate mainstream treatment process is an MBR + double-membrane method, and comprises MBR + NF + RO, MBR + DT-RO and the like. Although the combined process has a good denitrification effect, some problems still appear in practical application, such as a high reflux ratio of mixed liquor of an MBR biochemical system, and the reflux of the mixed liquor containing a large amount of dissolved oxygen to a denitrification tank can inhibit a denitrification process, thereby affecting the removal effect of total nitrogen; the concentrated solution of the membrane separation technical unit and the problem of membrane pollution increase the burden of subsequent treatment.
The Chinese patent with patent number 201511020744.0 discloses a zero discharge treatment system for landfill leachate in the field of wastewater treatment, which mainly comprises a pretreatment device, an A2/O biochemical treatment reactor, an ultrafiltration device, a forward and reverse osmosis device, an evaporative crystallization device and other multi-stage treatments. The invention utilizes the hydrolysis acidification tank and the A2/O tank to carry out biochemical treatment, utilizes forward osmosis and reverse osmosis as advanced treatment, effectively reduces energy consumption, has stable effluent quality, and can meet the recycling standard of urban sewage by each index. However, this system has the following disadvantages: 1) excessive equipment and floor space are required; 2) the evaporation tower is required to be used for carrying out evaporation crystallization on the concentrated solution generated by normal permeation, so that the cost of water treatment per ton is increased; 3) still adopt A2/O biological treatment method, the high reflux ratio causes the system energy consumption to be higher, the running cost increases; 4) the operation management process is complicated.
Therefore, the development of a new advanced treatment method/use method of the percolate has great practical significance for realizing zero emission of the percolate.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem that the deep treatment effect of the existing leachate is not ideal, the invention provides a method and equipment for maintaining granular organic fertilizer by using landfill leachate.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a particle organic fertilizer maintenance method for realizing zero discharge of household garbage leachate at the stock comprises the following steps:
1) putting the granular organic fertilizer to be maintained at the temperature t1In the curing tank;
2) continuously spraying percolate as water for maintenance into the maintenance tank, and simultaneously using the temperature t2The hot air is forced to ventilate the curing tank, the moisture in the percolate is evaporated and dispersed in the gas in the curing tank, and N, P nutritive salt in the percolate can be enriched in the granular organic fertilizer;
the air volume L of the hot air is L, and the air volume L meets the following relationship:
L＝Q1/CH(t2-t1)
wherein, L is the air volume introduced by the dry hot air, kg/d;
CHsetting its value as temperature t1Specific heat capacity and temperature of saturated humid air is t2The average value of the specific heat capacity of dry air, kJ/(kg. DEG C);
Q1the total amount W of heat required for the total evaporation of the percolate, kJ/d;
t1-curing temperature in the curing tank, c;
t2-the temperature of the hot air introduced into the maintenance tank, at DEG C;
preferably, the heat quantity required for evaporating the percolate satisfies the following relationship:
Q1＝W(2490+1.88t1-4.187t0)
wherein, t0-temperature of leachate, deg.c;
w is the total amount of percolate sprayed in kg/d.
Preferably, the circulating thermal ventilation of the maintenance tank is realized by utilizing a centrifugal fan and a quicklime dehydration tank, the centrifugal fan extracts gas with moisture in the maintenance tank, the gas is converted into outlet air and is introduced into the closed quicklime dehydration tank for drying and heating to form hot air, and then the hot air is introduced into the maintenance tank to realize the evaporation of the moisture in the percolate and the maintenance of the maintenance temperature in the maintenance tank.
Preferably, the actual temperature of the air volume L after being dried and heated by the quicklime dehydration tank is t3Said t is3Satisfy the following relationships：
t3＝t1+(Q2·W)/(CH·L)
Wherein Q is2The reaction heat released by the reaction of quicklime and water is 3210kJ/kgH2O；
If t3＞t2The hot air exhausted from the quicklime dehydration tank needs to be treated by a heat exchanger and then enters the maintenance tank; if t3＜t2The hot air discharged from the lime dewatering tank is directly introduced into the curing tank. The heat exchanger adopts an air cooling heat exchanger, and the temperature of an air outlet can be regulated and controlled.
Preferably, the curing temperature t1Is (40-60 ℃) plus or minus (3-5 ℃), and the temperature t of the drying hot air is2Below 100 ℃, preferably (90-100 ℃); the curing time is 5-10 days.
Preferably, the leachate is leachate tail water pretreated by a biological method, COD of the leachate tail water is 100-1000mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen is 0-25 mg/L.
A particle organic fertilizer maintenance tank for realizing zero discharge of household garbage leachate is characterized in that the top of the maintenance tank is sealed and provided with a fiber capillary water distribution system and an exhaust pipe, and the bottom of the maintenance tank is provided with a water and gas drainage and distribution device; and a centrifugal fan is communicated between the exhaust pipe and the water and gas discharging device.
Preferably, the fiber capillary water distribution system comprises: a water distribution main pipe; a water distribution main pipe optionally connected with the water distribution main pipe; at least one fiber water distribution branch pipe with the end part connected with the water distribution main pipe or the water distribution main pipe and arranged in parallel, wherein the fiber water distribution branch pipe is made of a fiber capillary water distribution pipe;
the water and gas discharging device comprises: an air inlet pipe; the air inlet and water outlet pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe; the plurality of draining and ventilating heads are connected with the air inlet and drainage pipes; the draining venting head comprises: the gravel-shaped air inlet and water outlet cover comprises a main shell, gravel and an air inlet and water outlet cover, wherein the air inlet and water outlet cover is clamped and fixedly installed in the main shell, gravel is filled between the outside of the air inlet and water outlet cover and the main shell, the lower end part of the air inlet and water outlet cover is arranged into a grid shape, and one end of an air inlet and water outlet pipe penetrates through the main shell and extends into the air inlet and water outlet;
and an air inlet of the centrifugal fan is communicated with an exhaust pipe of the maintenance groove, and an air outlet of the centrifugal fan is communicated with an air inlet main pipe of the maintenance groove.
Preferably, the top of the maintenance groove is sealed by an LDPE geomembrane, and the fiber water distribution branch pipe is fixed on the surface of the LDPE geomembrane by a semicircular fixing ring.
An integrated maintenance device for realizing zero discharge of household garbage leachate, which comprises: the air outlet of the centrifugal fan is communicated with the quick lime dehydration tank, and the quick lime dehydration tank is optionally communicated with the water and gas discharging device of the maintenance tank directly or through a heat exchanger.
In the preferable scheme, a plurality of baffle plates are arranged in the quick lime dehydration tank to ensure that air flows in a baffling mode, so that the saturated wet air can be fully dried after entering; a non-woven fabric filter screen is arranged at the outlet of the dewatering tank to intercept fine dust (such as quicklime and slaked lime dust formed after water absorption). The adding amount of the quicklime is calculated according to the moisture absorption rate (generally three kilograms of quicklime can absorb one kilogram of water), the adding amount is at least three times of the total weight of the daily spraying leachate, and the replacement frequency is once a day.
Preferably, the integrated maintenance equipment further comprises: the leachate collecting tank is communicated with the water distribution main pipe and the drain pipe through pipelines, and a lifting pump is arranged on the communicating pipeline.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method for maintaining the granular organic fertilizer for realizing zero discharge of the stored domestic garbage percolate, provided by the invention, the percolate tail water is used as maintenance water, hot air is forcibly introduced into the maintenance groove to control the air quantity, so that the percolate is basically and completely evaporated, N, P nutrient salt substances in the percolate tail water are intercepted in the granular biological organic fertilizer, the zero discharge of the percolate is realized, the removal of pollution elements in the percolate is realized in a recycling mode, and the fertilizer efficiency of the granular biological organic fertilizer is improved;
(2) the maintenance method of the granular organic fertilizer for realizing zero discharge of the stored domestic garbage leachate provided by the invention can realize evaporation decrement of water in the leachate by means of circulating forced hot ventilation and by controlling the air volume L of the dry hot air; but also can maintain the temperature of the maintenance tank without supplementing extra heat energy; meanwhile, the recycling of the gas also prevents the exhaust of waste gas, avoids secondary pollution and finally realizes the zero emission of the leachate;
(3) according to the granular organic fertilizer maintenance method for realizing zero discharge of the stored domestic garbage leachate, the specific fiber material is adopted to manufacture the water distribution pipe, and through the capillary action of fiber pores, the capillary uniform water distribution of a long-distance small water head can be effectively realized, the influence of small water head fluctuation is avoided during water distribution, and the problem that the uniform water distribution is influenced by the restriction of hydraulic conditions in the existing water distribution technology is effectively solved;
(4) the integrated maintenance equipment for the granular organic fertilizer realizing zero discharge of the stored domestic garbage leachate provided by the invention realizes the circulating ventilation of the maintenance tank by utilizing the centrifugal fan and the quicklime dehydration tank, the centrifugal fan extracts gas with moisture in the maintenance tank, and the gas is introduced into the closed quicklime dehydration tank for drying and heating to form dry hot air, and then the dry hot air is introduced into the maintenance tank, so that the dehydration and drying of the air are realized, meanwhile, the reaction heat is directly used for heating the air, the temperature in the maintenance tank can be maintained without supplementing extra heat energy, the evaporation and decrement of the leachate are realized, the exhaust of waste gas is prevented, and the secondary pollution is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of organic fertilizer maintenance integrated equipment for realizing zero discharge of stored domestic garbage leachate, provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic fertilizer maintenance tank for realizing zero discharge of leachate of household garbage stored in the tank;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a fiber capillary water distribution system installation of a maintenance tank of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of a fiber capillary water distribution system installation of a maintenance tank of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a water and air discharging device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the water and air distributing device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of an organic fertilizer maintenance method for realizing zero discharge of leachate of household garbage stored in the present invention;
in the figure:
1. a maintenance tank;
100. a gallery;
200. LDPE geomembrane;
300. a fiber capillary water distribution system; 310. a water distribution main pipe; 320. a water distribution main pipe; 330. a fiber distribution branch pipe; 331. a short fiber water distribution pipe; 332. a short connecting pipe; 333. fiber connection bent pipe; 340. a semicircular fixing ring; 350. a first valve; 360. a second valve; 370. a temperature detector;
400. automatic geomembrane retracting and releasing equipment;
500. a centrifugal fan;
600. an exhaust pipe;
700. a water and gas discharging device; 710. an air inlet pipe; 720. a draining and ventilating head; 721. a main housing; 722. gravel; 723. an air intake and drainage cover; 724. grid bars; 725. clamping a head; 726. a card slot; 730. an air intake and water discharge branch pipe; 740. an air inlet and water outlet pipe; 750. a quick coupling; 760. a reinforced concrete terrace;
2. a quicklime dehydration tank;
3. a heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or the two elements can be directly connected together; when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or the two elements may be directly integrated. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
As used herein, the term "about" is used to provide the flexibility and inaccuracy associated with a given term, measure or value. The degree of flexibility for a particular variable can be readily determined by one skilled in the art.
As used herein, "adjacent" refers to two structures or elements being in proximity. In particular, elements identified as "adjacent" may abut or be connected. Such elements may also be near or proximate to each other without necessarily contacting each other. In some cases, the precise degree of proximity may depend on the particular context.
Lengths, amounts, and other numerical data may be presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such a range format is used merely for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. For example, a numerical range of about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited limit values of 1 to about 4.5, but also include individual numbers (such as 2, 3, 4) and sub-ranges (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc.). The same principle applies to ranges reciting only one numerical value, such as "less than about 4.5," which should be construed to include all of the aforementioned values and ranges. Moreover, such an interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or feature being described.
The leachate is pretreated leachate tail water, the purpose of the pretreatment is mainly to convert ammonia nitrogen in the leachate into nitrate nitrogen so as to improve the nitrogen content in the granular organic fertilizer, and more or less inorganic nutrient salts, such as N, P and other nutrient salts, can exist in the leachate tail water after the pretreatment. The pretreatment mode is preferably CN 1351969A-a purification treatment method of the percolating water of the refuse landfill.
The "curing temperature" referred to herein is a temperature at which the conditions in the curing bath are substantially stabilized.
The fiber capillary water distribution pipe used in the invention is made of fiber material with the tightness of 50-80% and the porosity of 60-90%, the thickness of the pipe wall is 0.5-3mm, and/or the inner diameter is 19-21 mm; the fiber material is selected from one of polypropylene, terylene, chinlon and acrylic fiber, and/or the weaving mode is selected from one of weaving process, knitting process or non-weaving process; the thickness of the tube wall of the fiber capillary water distribution tube prepared by the knitting process is 0.5-1.5 mm; the thickness of the pipe wall of the fiber capillary water distribution pipe prepared by the non-woven process is 2-3 mm; the fiber capillary water distribution pipe prepared by the weaving process has the density range of 200 plus 250 pieces/10 cm, the weft density range of 210 plus 240 pieces/10 cm and the pipe wall thickness of 0.5-1 mm.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 2, the main body of the maintenance tank 1 for granular organic fertilizer provided by the invention is a gallery 100 structure arranged on a reinforced concrete terrace 760, the top of the maintenance tank is sealed by an LDPE geomembrane 200, and a fiber capillary water distribution system 300, a temperature detector 370 and an exhaust pipe 600 capable of communicating with the outside are arranged above the gallery 100; the bottom of the gallery 100 is provided with a water and gas drainage and distribution device 700, a centrifugal fan 500 is communicated between the exhaust pipe 600 and the water and gas drainage and distribution device 700, specifically, an air inlet of the centrifugal fan 500 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 600, and an air outlet of the centrifugal fan 500 is communicated with the water and gas drainage and distribution device 700.
The fiber capillary water distribution system 300 mainly comprises an LDPE geomembrane 200 which can be laid on the top of a gallery 100, a PVC water distribution main pipe 310 along one side (such as a short side) of the gallery 100, a PVC water distribution main pipe 320 vertically communicated with the PVC water distribution main pipe 310 along the other side (such as a long side) of the gallery 100, fiber water distribution branch pipes 330 vertically communicated with the PVC water distribution main pipe 320, fiber connecting bent pipes 333 for connecting two adjacent fiber water distribution branch pipes 330, PE semicircular fixing rings 340 for fixing the fiber water distribution branch pipes 330 on the surface of the LDPE geomembrane 200, and automatic retraction equipment 400 for retracting and expanding the LDPE geomembrane 200, wherein the fiber water distribution branch pipes 330 are formed by connecting a plurality of fiber water distribution short pipes 331 through PVC connecting short pipes 332, the PVC connecting short pipes 332 are rigid compared with the fiber water distribution branch pipes 330 and play a role of supporting the LDPE geomembrane 200 on one hand, so as to prevent the LDPE geomembrane 200 from being sucked into the gallery 100 and contacted by garbage when the suction force is larger, on the other hand, facilitates the disassembly of the fiber distribution manifold 330. The PVC water distribution header 310 delivers water to the PVC water distribution main 320, and the water in the PVC water distribution main 320 enters the fiber distribution branch pipe 330 for system water distribution. The LDPE geomembrane 200 is hot-melt-bonded with PE semicircular fixing rings 340 at equal intervals close to one side of the gallery 100, fiber water distribution branch pipes 330 are uniformly installed at equal intervals along the width direction of the gallery 100, the facility of the fiber capillary water distribution system 300 is shown in a plan view in fig. 3, and a section view B-B is shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the water and gas discharging and distributing device 700 mainly comprises an air inlet pipe 710 arranged along one side (such as short side) of the gallery 100, an air inlet and water outlet pipe 740 arranged along the other side (such as long side) of the gallery 100 and vertically communicated with the air inlet pipe 710, a draining air vent head 720 communicated with the air inlet and water outlet pipe 740 through an air inlet and water outlet branch pipe 730, and a plurality of draining air vent heads 720 uniformly distributed at the bottom of the curing tank. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the draining and ventilating head 720 includes a main housing 721, gravels 722, and an air inlet and drain cover 723, the main housing 721 is embedded in the reinforced concrete floor 760, and the top of the main housing 721 is flush with the surface of the reinforced concrete floor 760, the air inlet and drain cover 723 is fixedly mounted in the main housing 721 through a snap-fit structure, the lower end of the air inlet and drain cover 723 is arranged in a grid shape, one end of an air inlet and drain branch pipe 730 passes through the main housing 721 and extends into the air inlet and drain cover 723, and is fixedly connected to the base of the main housing 721 by welding, and the other end of the air inlet and drain branch pipe 730 is connected to an air inlet and drain pipe 740 through a quick coupling 750. The intake duct 710 is connected to an intake drain pipe 740, and is installed outside the main casing 721. At the top of the air inlet and drain pipe 740, when the water body flows out along the air inlet and drain pipe 740 in a non-full-flow state, the air inlet pipe 710 supplies air, and the air flows from the middle upper part of the air inlet and drain pipe 740 without water space, so that the air blockage phenomenon can be avoided, and ventilation and drainage can be performed simultaneously. The gravel 722 filled between the outside of the air inlet and drain cover 723 and the main shell 721 can effectively avoid the problem that the vehicle transportation crush damages the water and air discharging and distributing device 700 and simultaneously prevent the vehicle tire from crushing the gravel 722 and shifting. As shown in fig. 6, the main housing 721 is a "table body" type stainless steel housing with a small upper opening and a large lower opening, the upper end of the main housing 721 is open, the lower end of the main housing 721 is an integrated base, and four clamping grooves 726 formed on the base are clamped and fixed with an upper clamping head 725 of the air intake and drainage cover 723; the length of the air inlet and drain pipe 740 in the air inlet and drain cover 723 is less than the height of the grid 724 so as not to affect air inlet and drain.
The invention provides integrated maintenance equipment for granular organic fertilizer, which comprises a maintenance tank 1, a quicklime dehydration tank 2, a percolate collecting tank and a heat exchanger 3, wherein the maintenance tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the air outlet of the centrifugal fan 500 is communicated with the air inlet of the quicklime dewatering tank 2 through a pipeline, the air outlet of the quicklime dewatering tank 2 can be directly communicated with the air inlet pipe 710 of the maintenance tank 1 through a pipeline and also can be communicated with the air inlet of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline, and then the air outlet of the heat exchanger 3 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 710 of the maintenance tank 1 through a pipeline. The percolate collecting tank is communicated with the water distribution main pipe 310 and the air inlet and drain pipe 740 through pipelines, and a lifting pump is arranged on the communicating pipeline.
The air outlet of quick lime dehydration groove 2 is established non-woven fabrics filter screen and is intercepted tiny dust (for example quick lime and the hydrated lime dust that forms after absorbing water), and the volume of adding of quick lime is calculated according to its moisture absorption rate (three kilograms of quick lime can absorb a kilogram of water generally), is at least three times of the leachate total weight of spraying daily, and the change frequency is once a day.
The working principle and the steps of maintaining the granular organic fertilizer by using the integrated maintenance equipment are as follows:
1) placing the granular organic fertilizer to be maintained in a maintenance tank 1;
2) the leachate is continuously sprayed into the maintenance tank 1 by using the fiber capillary water distribution system 300, in the using process of the specific fiber capillary water distribution system 300, after the LDPE geomembrane 200 with the fiber water distribution branch pipes 330 is laid on the top of the maintenance tank 100 by using the automatic retraction equipment 400 of the LDPE geomembrane 200, a first valve 350 on the PVC water distribution main pipe 310 and a second valve 360 on the PVC water distribution main pipe 320 are opened to start introducing the leachate, water is simultaneously distributed in each water distribution main pipe 330, the leachate uniformly drips through the capillary action of the fiber water distribution branch pipes 330 and falls into the granular organic fertilizer, the water distribution flow of each fiber water distribution branch pipe 330 is measured, and the dripping flow difference between any two points is within 3 percent, so that the uniform water distribution of a long-distance small water head is effectively realized by using the method of the embodiment;
meanwhile, the centrifugal fan 500 and the quicklime dehydration tank 2 are utilized to realize the circulating forced hot ventilation of the maintenance tank 1, under the action of the forced hot ventilation, the water in the percolate is evaporated, reduced and dispersed in the gas in the maintenance tank 1, and N, P nutritive salt substances in the percolate are intercepted in the granular bio-organic fertilizer; in the using process of the centrifugal fan 500 and the quicklime dehydration tank 2, the centrifugal fan 500 is started, the centrifugal fan 500 extracts gas with moisture in the maintenance tank 1 and feeds the gas into the closed quicklime dehydration tank 2, the quicklime reacts with the moisture carried in the gas to carry out exothermic reaction, the gas is dehydrated and dried, and meanwhile, the generated reaction heat heats the gas to obtain dry hot air; the dry hot air can directly enter the curing tank 1 from the water and gas discharging device 700 system at the bottom of the curing tank 1, or can further process the temperature of the air through the heat exchanger 3 and then enter the curing tank 1 from the water and gas discharging device 700 system at the bottom of the curing tank 1; in the use process of the specific water and gas discharging and distributing device 700, after being sucked by a centrifugal fan, negative pressure is formed in the curing tank 1, and dry hot air uniformly passes through the air inlet pipe 710, the air inlet and water outlet pipe 740, the air inlet and water outlet branch pipe 730 and the draining and gas passing head 720 in sequence to be subjected to circulating forced hot ventilation in the curing tank 1;
3) during maintenance, the maintenance temperature in the maintenance tank 1 can be observed in time through the temperature detector 370, and the temperature of the wind introduced into the maintenance tank 1 can be adjusted in real time through the heat exchanger 3;
meanwhile, during maintenance, a small amount of leachate may seep down to the surface of the reinforced concrete floor 760 and then flow into the main casing 721 from the gravels 722, and when the water level in the main casing 721 exceeds the pipe orifice of the air inlet and drain branch pipe 730, the leachate flows back to the leachate collecting tank from the air inlet and drain branch pipe 730 and the air inlet and drain pipe 740 for recycling.
Example 1
Utilize above-mentioned integration maintenance equipment in this embodiment to percolate as maintenance water and carry out the maintenance to semi-manufactured goods granule fertilizer.
In the embodiment, a non-woven fabric filter screen is arranged at the outlet of the quicklime dehydration tank 2 to intercept fine dust (such as quicklime and slaked lime dust formed after water absorption); the adding amount of the lime in the lime dehydration tank 2 is three times of the total weight of the daily spraying leachate, and the replacement frequency is once a day;
the leachate in the embodiment is leachate tail water after pretreatment, and the specific treatment mode and the used device are the same as CN 1351969A-a purification treatment method of landfill leachate, part of the description is example 1; the total amount W of percolate required to be sprayed every day is 25000 kg/d; the area of the maintenance tank 1 is 500m2The stacking height of the organic fertilizer is 2m, and the temperature t of percolate in the percolate collecting tank is tested0It was 25 ℃.
As shown in fig. 3: in the embodiment, the semi-finished product granular organic fertilizer containing the dry powder biological agent is maintained at the maintenance temperature t1The temperature t is set to 40 ℃, and hot air is introduced2The concrete curing steps are as follows at 100 ℃:
1) placing the granular organic fertilizer to be maintained in a sealed maintenance tank 1;
2) continuously spraying percolate into the maintenance tank 1, and simultaneously carrying out forced thermal circulation ventilation on the maintenance tank 1 through a centrifugal fan and a quicklime dehydration tank 2, wherein the required heat Q is obtained when the water in the percolate is completely evaporated under the condition1The formula one is satisfied:
Q1＝W(2490+1.88t1-4.187t0)……………(1)
＝6.15×107kJ/d
wherein，t0-temperature of leachate, deg.c;
w is the total amount of percolate sprayed in kg/d.
The air volume L of the hot air is calculated by a formula II:
Figure BDA0002475582540000091
wherein, L is the air volume introduced by the dry hot air, kg/d;
CHsetting its value as temperature t1Specific heat capacity and temperature of saturated humid air is t2The average value of the specific heat capacity of the dry air is 1.06, kJ/(kg DEG C);
Q1the total amount of W of heat required for the complete evaporation of the leachate tail water, kJ/d;
w is the total amount of the sprayed leachate tail water, kg/d;
and selecting a proper high-pressure centrifugal fan to supply air to the maintenance tank 1 according to the air volume L required for maintaining the temperature of the maintenance tank 1.
Wherein, as shown in figure 3, the gas containing moisture above the curing tank 1 is pumped out by a centrifugal fan, converted into outlet air, sent into a quicklime dehydration tank 2 for drying and heating to form hot air, the quicklime reacts with the water to generate heat, and the heat makes the temperature of the hot air raised to t3，t3Can be calculated by the formula three:
t3＝t1+(Q2·W)/(CH·L)……………(3)
＝118.3℃
wherein Q is2The reaction heat released by the reaction of quicklime and water is 3210kJ/kgH2O；
Due to t3＞t2Introducing high-temperature dry hot tail gas into a heat exchanger 3 to recover part of heat energy, reducing the temperature of the tail gas to 100 ℃, then introducing the tail gas into a maintenance tank 1, then extracting moisture-containing gas in the maintenance tank 1 again by a centrifugal fan, and repeating the process, thereby forming gas circulation, heating and utilization;
through actual measurement, after the maintenance tank 1 is subjected to forced thermal circulation ventilation, the maintenance temperature in the maintenance tank 1 is basically maintained in a stable state of 40 +/-3-5 ℃.
3) After 5d of maintenance, the biological particle organic fertilizer basically meets the standard requirement of the biological organic fertilizer and the required mechanical strength, and can be sold as a finished product organic fertilizer.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and the embodiments shown in the drawings are only one of the embodiments of the invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, a person skilled in the art shall not be able to devise the similar structural modes and embodiments without inventively designing them, but shall fall within the scope of the present patent.

Claims (7)

1. An organic fertilizer maintenance method for realizing zero discharge of household garbage leachate in stock, wherein the leachate is leachate tail water after pretreatment, and is characterized in that: maintaining the granular organic fertilizer by using the maintenance groove, continuously spraying percolate serving as maintenance water into the maintenance groove during the maintenance period, and forcibly introducing hot air into the maintenance groove, so that the water in the percolate is evaporated and dispersed in the gas in the maintenance groove;
the air volume L of the hot air is L, and the air volume L meets the following relationship:
L＝Q1/CH(t2-t1)
wherein, L is the air volume introduced by the dry hot air, kg/d;
CHsetting its value as temperature t1Specific heat capacity and temperature of saturated humid air is t2The average value of the specific heat capacity of dry air, kJ/(kg. DEG C);
Q1the total amount W of heat required for the total evaporation of the percolate, kJ/d;
t1-curing temperature in the curing tank, c;
t2-the temperature of the hot air introduced into the maintenance tank, at DEG C;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) realizing circulating thermal ventilation of a maintenance tank by utilizing a centrifugal fan and a quicklime dehydration tank, extracting gas with moisture in the maintenance tank by utilizing the centrifugal fan, converting the gas into outlet air, introducing the outlet air into the closed quicklime dehydration tank for drying and heating to form hot air, and then introducing the hot air into the maintenance tank to realize evaporation of moisture in percolate and maintenance of maintenance temperature in the maintenance tank;
wherein the heat required for evaporating the percolate satisfies the following relationship:
Q1＝W(2490+1.88t1-4.187t0)
wherein, t0-temperature of leachate, deg.c;
w is the total amount of percolate sprayed in kg/d.
2. The organic fertilizer maintenance method for realizing zero discharge of the leachate of the on-site domestic garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the actual temperature of the air quantity L after being dried and heated by the quicklime dehydration tank is t3Said t is3The following relationship is satisfied:
t3＝t1+(Q2·W)/(CH·L)
wherein Q is2The reaction heat released by the reaction of quicklime and water is 3210kJ/kgH2O；
If t3＞t2The hot air exhausted from the quicklime dehydration tank needs to be treated by a heat exchanger and then enters the maintenance tank;
if t3＜t2The hot air discharged from the lime dewatering tank is directly introduced into the curing tank.
3. The method for maintaining the organic fertilizer to realize zero discharge of the leachate of the household garbage on an inventory basis as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the COD of the leachate tail water is 100-1000mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen is 0-25 mg/L.
4. The utility model provides a realize integration maintenance of stock domestic waste leachate zero release equipment which characterized in that: the apparatus comprises: a maintenance tank and a quicklime dehydration tank;
the top of the maintenance groove is sealed and provided with a fiber capillary water distribution system and an exhaust pipe, and the bottom of the maintenance groove is provided with a water and gas drainage device; a centrifugal fan is communicated between the exhaust pipe and the water and gas discharging device
The air outlet of the centrifugal fan is communicated with a quicklime dewatering tank, and the quicklime dewatering tank is optionally and selectively communicated with a water and gas discharging device of the maintenance tank directly or communicated with the water and gas discharging device of the maintenance tank through a heat exchanger.
5. The integrated maintenance equipment for realizing zero emission of the leachate of the household garbage on the basis of the claim 4, is characterized in that: the fiber capillary water distribution system comprises: a water distribution main pipe; a water distribution main pipe optionally connected with the water distribution main pipe; at least one fiber water distribution branch pipe with the end part connected with the water distribution main pipe or the water distribution main pipe and arranged in parallel, wherein the fiber water distribution branch pipe is made of a fiber capillary water distribution pipe;
the water and gas discharging device comprises: an air inlet pipe; the air inlet and water outlet pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe; the plurality of draining and ventilating heads are connected with the air inlet and drainage pipes; the draining venting head comprises: the gravel-shaped air inlet and water outlet cover comprises a main shell, gravel and an air inlet and water outlet cover, wherein the air inlet and water outlet cover is clamped and fixedly installed in the main shell, gravel is filled between the outside of the air inlet and water outlet cover and the main shell, the lower end part of the air inlet and water outlet cover is arranged into a grid shape, and one end of an air inlet and water outlet pipe penetrates through the main shell and extends into the air inlet and water outlet cover;
and an air inlet of the centrifugal fan is communicated with an exhaust pipe of the maintenance groove, and an air outlet of the centrifugal fan is communicated with an air inlet main pipe of the maintenance groove.
6. The integrated maintenance equipment for realizing zero emission of the leachate of the household garbage on the basis of the claim 4, is characterized in that: the top of the maintenance groove is sealed through an LDPE geomembrane, and the fiber water distribution branch pipe is fixed on the surface of the LDPE geomembrane through a semicircular fixing ring.
7. The integrated maintenance equipment for realizing zero emission of the leachate of the household garbage on the basis of claim 6, wherein the integrated maintenance equipment comprises: the integrated maintenance equipment further comprises a percolate collecting tank, the percolate collecting tank is communicated with the water distribution main pipe and the drain pipe through a pipeline, and a lifting pump is arranged on the communicated pipeline.
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