CN111546120A

CN111546120A - Rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool

Info

Publication number: CN111546120A
Application number: CN202010467982.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 喻明辉; 姚勇; 傅立新; 江卫锋; 谈运华
Original assignee: Anhui Huangshan Bench Drilling Machine Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Huangshan Bench Drilling Machine Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-28
Filing date: 2020-05-28
Publication date: 2020-08-18

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a rotary type multi-station drilling and reaming tool which is used for positioning a workpiece, wherein the bottom of the workpiece is provided with a first through hole of which the axis is vertical to the bottom of the workpiece, the workpiece is also provided with a side wall, at least two second through holes to be formed in the side wall are formed, and the distances between the axes of all the second through holes and the bottom of the workpiece are equal; the method is characterized in that: the tool comprises a support, wherein a turntable is rotatably mounted on the support, and a positioning mechanism capable of positioning the turntable is further arranged on the support; the turntable is provided with a positioning column, a first nut is screwed at the end part of the positioning column, and a first through hole of the workpiece is inserted on the positioning column and then fixed through the first nut. The invention has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, when the tool is used for hole machining, machining of a plurality of holes can be achieved only by installing the workpiece once, the position precision and the size precision between the holes are high, the workpiece does not need to be installed and disassembled for many times, machining efficiency is high, and labor intensity is low.

Description

Rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a rotary type multi-station drilling and reaming tool.

Background

In the mechanical processing, according to the design requirements of workpieces, a punching operation is required to be performed on the workpieces, after punching, in order to improve the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of holes, a reaming operation is usually required to be performed, in addition, some workpieces have special structures, such as the workpiece 1 shown in fig. 1 and 2, which is a casting, a first through hole 11 with an axis along the vertical direction is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece 1, in the actual production process, two second through holes 12 are required to be formed in the opposite side walls of the two sides of the first through hole 11, the two second through holes 12 are coaxial, in the prior art, for such a workpiece, the workpiece is usually positioned and then drilled, after the first hole is drilled, the second hole is drilled, and after drilling, reaming or boring is respectively performed, in the processing process, the workpiece 1 needs to be disassembled and assembled repeatedly, the labor intensity is high, the processing efficiency is low, and the positioning accuracy cannot be ensured, so that errors exist in the processing of different holes, it is difficult to ensure positional accuracy as well as dimensional accuracy between the respective holes.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the technical problems of low hole machining precision, low machining efficiency and high labor intensity of workpieces in the prior art are solved.

The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means: the device comprises a bracket, wherein a turntable is rotatably arranged on the bracket, and a positioning mechanism capable of positioning the turntable is also arranged on the bracket;

the bottom of the workpiece is provided with a first through hole of which the axis is vertical to the bottom of the workpiece, the workpiece is also provided with a side wall, at least two second through holes to be formed in the side wall are provided, and the distances between the axes of all the second through holes and the bottom of the workpiece are equal;

the turntable is provided with a positioning column, a first nut is screwed at the end part of the positioning column, and a first through hole of the workpiece is inserted on the positioning column and then fixed through the first nut.

When the rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool is practically applied, the tool is installed on a drilling machine, then a workpiece is installed on a turntable, the turntable is rotated until the position to be drilled on the workpiece is aligned with a drill bit, the positioning mechanism is utilized to position the turntable to prevent the turntable from deviating, and then drilling and reaming operations are carried out, after the first hole is machined, the turntable is rotated to move the other position to be drilled to be aligned with the drill bit, the positioning mechanism is utilized to position the turntable to prevent the turntable from deviating, then drilling and reaming operations are carried out, the processes are repeated, and machining of different holes on the same workpiece can be realized, compared with the prior art, when the tool is adopted for hole machining, machining of a plurality of holes can be realized only by installing the workpiece once, the position precision and the size precision among the holes are higher, and the workpieces do not need to be assembled and disassembled repeatedly, the processing efficiency is high, and the labor intensity is low.

Preferably, the support comprises a base and a vertical plate, the vertical plate is vertically arranged on the base, the turntable is rotatably arranged on the vertical plate, and the rotation axis of the turntable is perpendicular to the vertical plate.

The setting of base makes things convenient for the installation of whole frock, and the carousel rotates on the riser and conveniently treats the drilling position with the work piece and remove to aligning drill bit department to in going on of drilling reaming.

Preferably, the outer surface of one end of the positioning column close to the turntable is a polished surface, the end part of the positioning column is provided with a thread, and the diameter of the thread is larger than that of the polished surface.

Preferably, a gasket is arranged between the first nut and the workpiece, the gasket is provided with an opening, and the width of the opening is larger than the large diameter of the end part thread of the positioning column.

During the practical application, unscrew first nut, need not to tear first nut and tear down and can insert the work piece on the reference column, then block gasket opening in reference column tip screw thread department, then adjust the work piece position, screw up first nut and can realize the location installation of work piece.

Preferably, the turntable is provided with a first positioning hole;

the positioning pin penetrates through the workpiece and is inserted into the first positioning hole.

The positioning pin can be matched with the positioning column to realize positioning of the workpiece, so that accuracy of subsequent drilling and reaming is ensured.

Preferably, the turntable is provided with a cushion block, and the cushion block is positioned between the workpiece and the turntable.

In actual operation, in order to realize accurate support of the workpiece, the position of the supporting workpiece needs to be accurately machined, and the cushion block can support the workpiece, so that only finish machining needs to be performed on the cushion block in actual application, the efficiency is high, and the cost is low.

Preferably, the turntable is provided with a drill bushing, and the drill bushing is coaxial with a hole to be drilled in the workpiece.

Preferably, a second positioning hole is formed in the turntable;

the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning rod, and the positioning rod can penetrate through the support to be inserted into the second positioning hole.

In order to realize accurate drilling and reaming on the workpiece, when the turntable drives the workpiece to rotate to the position to be drilled and aligns the drill bit, the positioning rod penetrates through the support and is inserted into the second positioning hole, and then the positioning of the turntable is realized, so that accurate drilling and reaming are ensured, and the hole machining precision is ensured.

The optimized rotary table device further comprises a rotary table driving mechanism arranged on the support, and the rotary table driving mechanism can drive the rotary table to rotate.

The rotary table driving mechanism drives the workpiece to change the drilling position, so that the labor intensity is low, and the automation degree is high.

Preferably, the turntable driving mechanism comprises a motor arranged on the support, and the motor drives the turntable to rotate through a belt transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. when the rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool is practically applied, the tool is installed on a drilling machine, then a workpiece is installed on a turntable, the turntable is rotated until the position to be drilled on the workpiece is aligned with a drill bit, the positioning mechanism is utilized to position the turntable to prevent the turntable from deviating, and then drilling and reaming operations are carried out, after the first hole is machined, the turntable is rotated to move the other position to be drilled to be aligned with the drill bit, the positioning mechanism is utilized to position the turntable to prevent the turntable from deviating, then drilling and reaming operations are carried out, the processes are repeated, and machining of different holes on the same workpiece can be realized, compared with the prior art, when the tool is adopted for hole machining, machining of a plurality of holes can be realized only by installing the workpiece once, the position precision and the size precision among the holes are higher, and the workpieces do not need to be assembled and disassembled repeatedly, the processing efficiency is high, and the labor intensity is low.

2. The setting of base makes things convenient for the installation of whole frock, and the carousel rotates on the riser and conveniently treats the drilling position with the work piece and remove to aligning drill bit department to in going on of drilling reaming.

3. During the practical application, unscrew first nut, need not to tear first nut and tear down and can insert the work piece on the reference column, then block gasket opening in reference column tip screw thread department, then adjust the work piece position, screw up first nut and can realize the location installation of work piece.

4. The positioning pin can be matched with the positioning column to realize positioning of the workpiece, so that accuracy of subsequent drilling and reaming is ensured.

5. In actual operation, in order to realize accurate support of the workpiece, the position of the supporting workpiece needs to be accurately machined, and the cushion block can support the workpiece, so that only finish machining needs to be performed on the cushion block in actual application, the efficiency is high, and the cost is low.

6. In order to realize accurate drilling and reaming on the workpiece, when the turntable drives the workpiece to rotate to the position to be drilled and aligns the drill bit, the positioning rod penetrates through the support and is inserted into the second positioning hole, and then the positioning of the turntable is realized, so that accurate drilling and reaming are ensured, and the hole machining precision is ensured.

7. The rotary table driving mechanism drives the workpiece to change the drilling position, so that the labor intensity is low, and the automation degree is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of a workpiece;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 3;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool in the second embodiment of the invention;

wherein,

a workpiece-1;

the device comprises a support-2, a base-21, a vertical plate-22 and a bearing-221;

the device comprises a rotary table-3, a positioning column-31, a first nut-32, a gasket-33, a first positioning hole-34, a cushion block-35, a drill bushing-36, a second positioning hole-37, a rotating shaft-38, a cantilever beam-39, a balancing weight-381 and a second nut-382; a positioning mechanism-4, a positioning rod-41 and a positioning rod driving mechanism-42;

positioning pins-5;

a turntable driving mechanism-6, a motor-61, a driving gear-62 and a driven gear-63.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3-5, a rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool comprises a support 2, a turntable 3, a positioning mechanism 4 and a positioning pin 5.

As shown in fig. 4, the turntable 3 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 2, specifically, the bracket 2 includes a base 21 and an upright plate 22, the upright plate 22 is vertically mounted on the base 21, the base 21 and the upright plate 22 mainly serve to provide a mounting position for the turntable 3, and are not limited to a specific shape, in this embodiment, the upright plate 22 is vertically mounted on the left end of the base 21, and of course, the upright plate 22 is not limited to be mounted on the end of the base 21.

A rib plate is further arranged between the base 21 and the vertical plate 22, the rotary table 3 is rotatably mounted on the vertical plate 22, and the rotation axis of the rotary table 3 is perpendicular to the vertical plate 22, so that for convenience of understanding and description, the rotary table 3 is located on the left side of the vertical plate 22 by taking the view of fig. 4 as the view of the front view.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, a rotating shaft 38 perpendicular to the vertical plate 22 is disposed on one side of the rotary table 3 close to the vertical plate 22, a bearing 221 is disposed in the vertical plate 22, the rotating shaft 38 is installed in the bearing 221, further, in order to balance the weight at two ends of the rotating shaft 38, the bearing 221 extends out of the right end of the rotating shaft 38, a shaft shoulder is disposed at the right end of the rotating shaft 38, a counterweight block 381 is sleeved on the right side of the shaft shoulder, a second nut 382 is screwed on the right side of the counterweight block 381, and the counterweight block 381 is further.

As shown in fig. 5, the workpiece 1 is mounted on the turntable 3; specifically, set up reference column 31 on carousel 3, it is specific, reference column 31 perpendicular to carousel 3 left surface, and reference column 31 installs on carousel 3 through welding or bolted connection's mode, and first nut 32 has been twisted to reference column 31 left end.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the bottom of the workpiece 1 is provided with a first through hole 11 whose axis is perpendicular to the bottom of the workpiece 1, the workpiece 1 is further provided with a side wall, at least two second through holes 12 to be opened are formed in the side wall, and the distances between the axes of all the second through holes 12 and the bottom of the workpiece 1 are equal, in this embodiment, two second through holes 12 to be opened are provided and are coaxial.

The first through hole 11 of the workpiece 1 is inserted into the positioning column 31 and then fixed by the first nut 32, the outer surface of one end of the positioning column 31 close to the turntable 3 is a smooth surface, and the end part of the positioning column 31 is provided with a thread, and the diameter of the thread is large and smaller than the diameter of the smooth surface.

As shown in fig. 5, a gasket 33 is arranged between the first nut 32 and the workpiece 1, and the gasket 33 is provided with a gap, and the width of the gap is larger than the large diameter of the end part thread of the positioning column 31.

As shown in fig. 5, a first positioning hole 34 is formed in the rotary table 3, the first positioning hole 34 is located in a coincidence range of the workpiece 1 and the rotary table 3, and an opening of the first positioning hole 34 is chamfered; still include locating pin 5, locating pin 5 passes work piece 1 and inserts first locating

hole

34, and 5 tip chamfers of locating pin, the optimization, for the convenience of plug locating pin 5, sets up the handle at 5 tip of locating pin to the operation is held to the convenience.

As shown in fig. 5, the turntable 3 is provided with cushion blocks 35, the cushion blocks 35 are located between the workpiece 1 and the turntable 3, the number of the cushion blocks 35 is set according to actual requirements, and the cushion blocks 35 are fixed on the turntable 3 by welding or screws.

As shown in fig. 4, the rotary table 3 is provided with drill sleeves 36, the drill sleeves 36 are coaxial with holes to be drilled in the workpiece 1, the drill sleeves 36 correspond to the holes to be drilled in the workpiece 1 one by one, that is, the number of the drill sleeves 36 is determined by the number of the holes to be drilled in the workpiece 1, specifically, the holes to be drilled in the workpiece 1 are two opposite holes, the two holes are respectively located on two opposite side surfaces, the two holes to be drilled are coaxial, a cantilever beam 39 is welded or mounted on the rotary table 3 through a screw, and the drill sleeves 36 are embedded in the cantilever beam 39.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, a second positioning hole 37 is formed in the turntable 3, an opening of the second positioning hole 37 is chamfered, a positioning mechanism 4 capable of positioning the turntable 3 is further disposed on the bracket 2, the positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning rod 41, an end portion of the positioning rod 41 is chamfered, the positioning rod 41 can penetrate through the bracket 2 and be inserted into the second positioning hole 37, specifically, in this embodiment, the two second positioning holes 37 are symmetrically disposed about a rotation center of the turntable 3, a circle center of the two positioning holes and the rotation center of the turntable 3 are located on the same straight line, and the positioning rod 41 is located right above the rotating shaft 38.

The position and the number of the second positioning holes 37 and the insertion position and the number of the positioning rods 41 are freely arranged according to actual requirements, so that after the workpiece 1 rotates for a certain angle along with the turntable 3, the positioning rods 41 and the second positioning holes 37 are matched for positioning, and the position to be drilled on the workpiece 1 can be aligned to a drill bit and a reamer.

The working principle is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3-5, in practical application, the rotary multi-station drilling and reaming tool of the present invention is installed on a drilling machine, then the workpiece 1 is installed on the rotary table 3, the rotary table 3 is rotated until the position to be drilled on the workpiece 1 is aligned with a drill bit, the rotary table 3 is positioned by the positioning mechanism 4 to prevent the deviation, and then drilling and reaming operations are performed, after the first hole is processed, the rotary table 3 is rotated to move the other position to be drilled to be aligned with the drill bit, the rotary table 3 is positioned by the positioning mechanism 4 to prevent the deviation, then drilling and reaming operations are performed, and the above processes are repeated, so that different holes on the same workpiece 1 can be processed, compared with the prior art, when the tool in the present application is used for hole processing, the processing of a plurality of holes can be realized only by installing the workpiece 1 once, and the position precision and the size precision between the holes are high, the workpiece 1 does not need to be assembled and disassembled for many times, the machining efficiency is high, and the labor intensity is low.

Example two:

the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is:

as shown in fig. 6, the positioning mechanism 4 further includes a positioning rod driving mechanism 42 disposed on the base 21 or the vertical plate 22, in this embodiment, the positioning rod driving mechanism 42 employs an air cylinder or a push rod motor, and the positioning rod 41 is connected to a movable end of the positioning rod driving mechanism 42, so that the positioning rod driving mechanism 42 can drive the positioning rod 41 to extend or retract.

As shown in fig. 6, the device further comprises a turntable driving mechanism 6 disposed on the support 2, and the turntable driving mechanism 6 can drive the turntable 3 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 6, the turntable driving mechanism 6 includes a motor 61 disposed on the base 21, the motor 61 drives the turntable 3 to rotate through a belt transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism, in this embodiment, an output shaft of the motor 61 is provided with a driving gear 62, the rotating shaft 38 is provided with a driven gear 63, and the driving gear 62 is engaged with the driven gear 63.

Still include the control unit, the control unit in this embodiment adopts PLC, and PLC is prior art, and the skilled person in the art programs it according to actual need, can realize the control function described in this embodiment, specifically, locating lever actuating mechanism 42 and motor 61 are controlled by PLC.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary multi-position drill and reaming tool for positioning a workpiece (1), the bottom of the workpiece (1) is provided with a first through hole (11) whose axis is perpendicular to the bottom of the workpiece (1), and the workpiece (1) is provided with a first through hole (11) at the bottom A side wall is also provided, and there are at least two second through holes (12) to be opened on the side wall, and the axes of all the second through holes (12) are at the same distance from the bottom of the workpiece (1); it is characterized in that: the The tooling comprises a bracket (2) on which a turntable (3) is rotatably installed, and a positioning mechanism (4) capable of positioning the turntable (3) is further provided on the bracket (2);

The turntable (3) is provided with a positioning column (31), the end of the positioning column (31) is screwed with a first nut (32), and the first through hole (11) of the workpiece (1) is inserted into the positioning column (31) Then, it is fixed by the first nut (32).

2. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tool according to claim 1, wherein the bracket (2) comprises a base (21) and a vertical plate (22), and the vertical plate (22) is installed vertically On the base (21), the turntable (3) is rotatably mounted on the vertical plate (22), and the rotation axis of the turntable (3) is perpendicular to the vertical plate (22).

3. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer surface of one end of the positioning column (31) close to the turntable (3) is a smooth surface, and the end of the positioning column (31) is provided with Thread, and the major diameter of the thread is smaller than the diameter of the smooth surface.

4. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: a gasket (33) is arranged between the first nut (32) and the workpiece (1), and the gasket (33) is arranged Gap, the width of the gap is larger than the major diameter of the thread at the end of the positioning post (31).

5. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a first positioning hole (34) is provided on the turntable (3);

A positioning pin (5) is also included, and the positioning pin (5) is inserted into the first positioning hole (34) through the workpiece (1).

6. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tooling according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a spacer (35) is provided on the turntable (3), and the spacer (35) is located in the workpiece (1). ) and the turntable (3).

7. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a drill sleeve (36) is provided on the turntable (3), and the drill sleeve (36) is connected to the workpiece (1). ) are coaxial with the holes to be drilled.

8. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a second positioning hole (37) is provided on the turntable (3);

The positioning mechanism (4) includes a positioning rod (41), and the positioning rod (41) can be inserted into the second positioning hole (37) through the bracket (2).

9. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tooling according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: it also comprises a turntable drive mechanism (6) arranged on the bracket (2), and the turntable drive mechanism (6) The turntable (3) can be driven to rotate.

10. The rotary multi-station drill and reaming tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: the turntable drive mechanism (6) comprises a motor (61) arranged on the bracket (2), and the motor (61) passes through the belt The transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism or the gear transmission mechanism drives the turntable (3) to rotate.