CN111518679A - Harmless treatment system and method for rural perishable organic garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and method for the harmless treatment of perishable organic waste in rural areas. A spray device is installed, and a roller crushing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the receiving bin; one end of the screw conveyor is connected to the bottom of the receiving bin, and the other end is provided with an adjustable feeding top cone, which can be used for conveying to the screw conveyor. The material at the outlet of the conveyor is extruded; the fermentation machine includes a cylinder body and a multifunctional heating tube that are sleeved together and can move relatively.

Description

A system and method for harmless treatment of perishable organic waste in rural areas

technical field

The invention relates to the field of garbage disposal, in particular to a harmless disposal system and method for rural perishable organic garbage.

Background technique

With the development of social economy and urbanization, the area of rural areas is reduced, the population is concentrated, economic activities are increasingly intensified, and the generation and discharge of rural solid wastes are increasing rapidly, which has caused great adverse effects on the rural living environment and ecological environment. For perishable domestic waste, aerobic fermentation is one of the main ways to carry out harmless treatment and resource utilization. The inventor found that at present, domestic perishable waste fermentation plants mostly use large-scale equipment for centralized treatment, which occupies a large area and has high maintenance costs. , lack of suitable equipment for small-scale processing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for the harmless treatment of perishable organic waste in rural areas, which has moisture regulation, and can provide suitable temperature for the fermentation material inside the equipment, so as to speed up the biological fermentation process, Improve efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide a harmless treatment system for perishable organic waste in rural areas, including a receiving bin, a screw conveyor, a shaftless screw conveyor, and a fermentation machine arranged in sequence, wherein the top of the receiving bin is A spray device is installed, and a roller crushing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the receiving bin; one end of the screw conveyor is connected to the bottom of the receiving bin, and the other end is provided with an adjustable feed top cone, which can be adjusted and The distance between the feed ports of the shaft screw conveyor can prevent the material from being discharged directly, so as to squeeze the material conveyed to the outlet of the screw conveyor. .

As a further implementation, the screw conveyor is inclined at a set angle, and its bottom end is connected to the discharge port of the receiving bin, and its high end is located above the feed end of the shaftless screw conveyor.

As a further implementation, the inclination angle of the screw conveyor is 15-20°. On the premise of ensuring that the entire equipment unit is basically located at the same level, the material is screwed to the top of the feed port of the shaftless screw conveyor. into the feed inlet.

As a further implementation manner, a humidity sensor is fixed inside the shaftless screw conveyor, and the humidity sensor is connected with an adjustable feed top cone to a controller.

As a further implementation manner, the cylinder body is installed at an inclined set angle, and a supporting wheel mechanism is provided at the bottom of the cylinder body.

As a further implementation, the lower end of the cylinder is connected to the shaftless screw conveyor, and the upper end of the cylinder is provided with a material outlet.

As a further implementation manner, the multifunctional heating pipe includes a pipe body, a plurality of spiral conveying blades are distributed in the circumferential direction of the pipe body, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided in the pipe body along the axial direction.

As a further implementation manner, nested ventilation pipes are arranged inside the pipe body.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a harmless treatment method for perishable organic waste in rural areas, using the harmless treatment system, including:

The material enters the receiving bin, and is crushed and mixed by the roller crushing mechanism at the bottom of the receiving bin; then it is transported by the screw conveyor to the adjustable feed top cone and falls into the shaftless screw conveyor;

The material enters the fermentation machine through the shaftless screw conveyor. Driven by the supporting roller mechanism, the cylinder rotates at the corresponding speed and moves relative to the multi-functional heating pipe, which stirs the material and pushes the material to move to the material outlet. Blow in the gas to promote the aerobic reaction; by adjusting the rotation speed of the cylinder, the fermentation material can be fermented and decomposed when it reaches the end of the cylinder, and the cylinder is discharged when the material outlet rotates to the lowest point and automatically opens.

As a further implementation, the humidity sensor inside the shaftless screw conveyor monitors the humidity of the feed in real time. When the humidity is too high, the adjustable feed top cone approaches the exit of the screw conveyor, and the material moves at the exit with the push of the screw conveyor. When the humidity is too low, the humidity sensor feeds back a signal, so that the spray device starts to replenish water, and continues to convey after mixing.

The beneficial effects of the above embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

(1) One or more embodiments of the present invention have the function of adjusting the moisture content of the feed. For over-wet materials, extrusion and precipitation can be achieved through a screw conveyor and an adjustable feed top cone, and for over-dry materials, spraying can be used. The device increases moisture, and can also be deodorized by spraying chemicals for materials that are prone to odor. It is suitable for rural perishable garbage from different sources, and has a wider applicability;

(2) In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the roller mechanism is used to drive the cylinder to roll, which improves the stirring strength of the internal materials and effectively avoids the dead angle of stirring; more fermentation materials can be loaded, and the processing efficiency is improved. Spiral conveying blades, ventilation holes, etc. are all set on the multi-functional heating pipe, which makes the overall integration of the equipment higher;

(3) The heating pipe of one or more embodiments of the present invention is provided with a spiral conveying blade, and in accordance with the elevation angle of the fermenter cylinder, the material is fermented synchronously with the advancement of the spiral blade, and after adjusting the rotational speed, the completion of the material fermentation and the advancement of the unloading can be realized completely synchronously ; The material outlet is set to rotate to the bottom to automatically open the discharge, and the continuity of the equipment operation is better, overcoming the limitation of the sequence batch reaction of the conventional fermentation device.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fermenter barrel and the shaftless screw conveyor according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a multifunctional heating tube according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

5 is a side view of a fermenter barrel according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

Among them, 1, receiving bin; 11, spray device; 12, roller crushing mechanism; 2, screw conveyor; 21, adjustable feeding top cone; 22, shaftless screw conveyor; 23, nesting hole; 3 , cylinder; 31, the second through hole; 32, the material outlet; 33, the first through hole; 4, the roller mechanism; 5, the multifunctional heating pipe; 51, the screw conveying blade; 52, the ventilation hole; 53, the ventilation pipeline.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof;

For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in this application, it only means that the directions of up, down, left and right are consistent with the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. It is to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the application.

Terminology explanation part: Terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" in this application should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated; It can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, an internal connection between two elements, or an interaction relationship between two elements. specific meaning.

Example 1:

This embodiment provides a harmless treatment system for perishable organic waste in rural areas, as shown in FIG. 1 , including a receiving bin 1, a screw conveyor 2, a shaftless screw conveyor 22, and a fermentation machine arranged in sequence; The conveyor 2 is inclined at a set angle, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the receiving bin 1, and the other end corresponds to the top of one end of the shaftless screw conveyor 22; the other end of the shaftless screw conveyor 22 is connected to the fermentation machine.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the receiving bin 1 is tapered, the top of which is the feeding port, and the bottom is the discharging port. A spray device 11 is installed on the top of the receiving bin 1. For over-dried materials, the moisture can be increased by spraying, and for materials that are prone to odor, the odor can be deodorized by spraying chemicals. The spray device 11 includes a plurality of spray heads, and the installation angle of the spray heads and the receiving bin 1 is adjustable, so as to spray the materials in the receiving bin 1 uniformly.

A roller crushing mechanism 12 is installed above the discharge port of the receiving bin 1, and the perishable garbage and other materials are crushed and evenly mixed by the roller crushing mechanism 12. Further, the roller crushing mechanism 12 includes two crushing rollers, and the two crushing rollers rotate to the side close to each other.

The screw conveyor 2 is installed at an elevation angle of 15-20° with the discharge port of the receiving bin 1 as the lowest point, so that the outlet of the screw conveyor 2 is at the highest point. The outlet of the screw conveyor 2 is provided with an adjustable feed top cone 21. The adjustable feed top cone 21 is close to the outlet end of the screw conveyor 2 and is a solid hemispherical shape, which can be achieved by adjusting the distance from the feed port of the shaftless screw conveyor 22. The blocking material is directly discharged, thereby squeezing the material conveyed to the outlet of the screw conveyor 2, and excess moisture flows back to the bottom of the receiving bin 1 along the screw conveyor 2.

The feeding port of the shaftless screw conveyor 22 corresponds to the lower part of the adjustable feeding top cone 21 , and the discharging end thereof is connected to the fermentation machine; and the discharging end is provided with a nesting hole 23 . A humidity sensor is fixed inside the shaftless screw conveyor 22, and the humidity sensor is connected to the controller with the adjustable feed top cone 21. The adjustable feed top cone 21 can adjust the opening degree according to the average humidity data of the feed after crushing. When the humidity is too high, the adjustable feed top cone 21 will block, so that the material accumulation will be squeezed, and the water will flow back to the receiving bin 1 along the screw conveyor 2; Moisture regulation function.

The fermentation machine includes a cylinder body 3 and a multifunctional heating pipe 5 installed inside the cylinder body 3. A thermal insulation interlayer is arranged outside the cylinder body 3, and the thermal insulation interlayer is filled with thermal insulation material; in this embodiment, the thermal insulation material is rock wool fiber. As shown in FIG. 2 , the cylinder body 3 is inclined, one end of the cylinder body 3 is provided with a first through opening 33 , and the other end is provided with a second through opening 31 ;

Further, the cylinder body 3 is installed at an elevation angle of 3 to 5° with the connection of the shaftless screw conveyor 22 as the lowest point. A material outlet 32 is provided at a relatively higher end of the cylinder body 3 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the material outlet 32 and the second through port 31 are located at the same end. The material outlet 32 is provided with a gravity gate structure, and the opening direction is set to be consistent with the rotation direction, so that the material outlet 32 is automatically opened when the cylinder body 3 rotates to the lowest point, and the fermented products located near the material outlet 32 are automatically discharged.

A ring-shaped supporting roller track is arranged around the cylinder body 3, and a supporting roller mechanism 4 is embedded in it. The supporting roller mechanism 4 includes multiple sets of supporting rollers, and each set of supporting rollers has two supporting rollers. When the supporting roller rotates, the cylinder body 3 is driven to rotate together, which provides rotational power for the cylinder body 3 and provides support for the fermentation machine. In this embodiment, the supporting roller mechanism 4 includes two sets of supporting rollers, which are respectively arranged at one end of the cylinder body 3 . In this embodiment, the outer cylinder body 3 is designed to rotate, while the multifunctional heating pipe 5 running through the fermentation machine remains stationary, and the rotation speed of the cylinder body 3 is adjustable at a speed of 0.3-1 rpm.

A multifunctional heating tube 5 is installed inside the cylinder 3 along its axis direction. As shown in Figure 3, one end of the multifunctional heating tube 5 passes through the nesting hole 23 of the shaftless screw conveyor 22 and is nested with the shaftless screw; The other end of the pipe 5 passes through the second through-hole 31 and is connected with the cylinder 3 through a bearing. The outer diameter of the shaftless spiral is 2 to 2.5 times the diameter of the multifunctional heating tube 5 .

Further, the multifunctional heating pipe 5 comprises a pipe body, a number of spiral conveying blades 51 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the pipe body, and a number of ventilation holes 52 are arranged in the pipe body along the axial direction; Provide ventilation and exhaust, and at the same time, there is hot water circulating inside for fermentation and heat preservation. By arranging the screw conveying blade 51 , the ventilation hole 52 and the ventilation pipe 53 on the pipe body, the overall integration of the equipment is higher, and the multi-function of the heating pipe is realized.

Embodiment 2:

This embodiment provides a harmless treatment method for perishable organic waste in rural areas, using the harmless treatment system described in Embodiment 1, including:

After the perishable garbage and other materials fall into the receiving bin 1, they are crushed and evenly mixed by the roller crushing mechanism 12 at the bottom of the receiving bin 1, and then lifted by the screw conveyor 2 to the adjustable feed top cone 21 and then fall into the shaftless screw conveyor. Machine 22. The humidity sensor inside the shaftless screw conveyor 22 monitors the feed humidity in real time, and when the humidity is too high, the signal is fed back to the controller, so that the adjustable feed top cone 21 approaches the exit of the screw conveyor 2 . The material is squeezed at the outlet with the push of the screw conveyor 2, and the excess moisture flows back to the bottom of the receiving bin 1 along the screw conveyor 2. When the humidity is too low, the humidity sensor feeds back a signal, so that the spray device 11 located at the top of the receiving bin 1 starts to replenish water, and continues to convey after mixing.

The material enters the cylinder body 3 of the fermentation machine through the shaftless screw conveyor 22 through the nesting hole 23. Driven by the supporting roller mechanism 4, the cylinder body 3 rotates at the corresponding speed, and the screw conveying blades on the multifunctional heating tube 5 51 moves relatively, stirs and flips the material, and pushes the material to move to the side of the material outlet 32 . At the same time, the external blower blows air into the cylinder body 3 through the ventilation pipe 53 and the ventilation hole 52 to promote the aerobic reaction, and as the reaction progresses, it slowly advances to the side of the fermenter outlet 32. By adjusting the rotation speed of the cylinder body 3, the fermentation material is When reaching the end of the cylinder body 3, the fermentation and decomposing are completed, and the cylinder body 3 is discharged when the gravity door structure of the material outlet 32 rotates to the lowest point and automatically opens.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A rural perishable organic garbage innocent treatment system is characterized by comprising a receiving bin, a screw conveyor, a shaftless screw conveyor and a fermentation machine which are sequentially arranged, wherein the top of the receiving bin is provided with a spraying device, and the bottom of the receiving bin is provided with a double-roller crushing mechanism; one end of the spiral conveyor is connected with the bottom of the receiving bin, and the other end of the spiral conveyor is provided with an adjustable feeding tip cone which can extrude the materials conveyed to the outlet of the spiral conveyor; the fermentation machine comprises a cylinder body and a multifunctional heating pipe, wherein the cylinder body and the multifunctional heating pipe are sleeved together and can move relatively.

2. A system for harmless treatment of perishable organic garbage in rural areas according to claim 1, wherein the screw conveyor is inclined at a set angle, the bottom end of the screw conveyor is connected with the discharge port of the receiving bin, and the high end of the screw conveyor is located above the feeding end of the shaftless screw conveyor.

3. A rural harmless treatment system for perishable organic garbage according to claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the screw conveyer is 15-20 °.

4. A system for harmless treatment of rural perishable organic garbage according to claim 1, wherein a humidity sensor is fixed inside the shaftless screw conveyor, and the humidity sensor is connected with the adjustable feeding tip cone.

5. A rural harmless treatment system for perishable organic garbage according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder is installed in a tilted set angle, and a riding wheel mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder.

6. A system for harmless treatment of rural perishable organic garbage according to claim 5, wherein the lower end of the cylinder is connected with a shaftless screw conveyor, and the upper end of the cylinder is provided with a material outlet.

7. A rural harmless treatment system for perishable organic garbage according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional heating pipe comprises a pipe body, a plurality of spiral conveying blades are distributed on the circumference of the pipe body, and a plurality of vent holes are formed in the pipe body along the axial direction.

8. A rural harmless treatment system for perishable organic garbage according to claim 7, wherein the inside of the pipe body is provided with nested ventilation pipelines.

9. A method for harmless treatment of perishable organic garbage in rural areas, which is characterized in that the harmless treatment system according to any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:

the materials enter a receiving bin, and are crushed and mixed by a double-roller crushing mechanism at the bottom of the receiving bin; then the material is conveyed to an adjustable feeding tip cone by a screw conveyor and falls into the shaftless screw conveyor;

the material enters the fermentation machine through the shaftless screw conveyor, and the cylinder rotates at a corresponding rotating speed under the driving of the riding wheel mechanism and moves relative to the multifunctional heating pipe to stir the material and push the material to move towards the material outlet; meanwhile, blowing gas through a blower to promote aerobic reaction; the fermentation material is fermented and decomposed when reaching the tail end of the barrel body by adjusting the rotating speed of the barrel body, and is discharged out of the barrel body when the material outlet rotates to the lowest point and is automatically opened.

10. The method for harmless treatment of perishable organic garbage in rural areas according to claim 9, wherein a humidity sensor inside the shaftless screw conveyor monitors the feeding humidity in real time, when the humidity is too high, the adjustable feeding tip cone approaches to the outlet of the screw conveyor, the material is extruded at the outlet along with the pushing of the screw conveyor, and the excessive moisture flows back to the bottom of the receiving bin along the screw conveyor; when the humidity is too low, the humidity sensor feeds back a signal to enable the spraying device to start water replenishing and continue to convey after uniform mixing.

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