CN111501040B - Inner wall laser cladding device suitable for high draw ratio pipe fitting - Google Patents
Inner wall laser cladding device suitable for high draw ratio pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111501040B CN111501040B CN202010639490.5A CN202010639490A CN111501040B CN 111501040 B CN111501040 B CN 111501040B CN 202010639490 A CN202010639490 A CN 202010639490A CN 111501040 B CN111501040 B CN 111501040B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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Abstract
The invention provides an inner wall laser cladding device suitable for a high-length-diameter-ratio pipe fitting, which comprises a cladding head, a transmission arm and a base mechanism, wherein the transmission arm is mainly formed by sequentially connecting and fixedly connecting a plurality of transmission arm sections in series, each transmission arm section is integrally a round pipe body, and an axis channel formed by an axis through hole is used for transmitting laser and coaxial shielding gas; the channels for respectively transmitting the nozzle shielding gas, the cladding powder and the cooling water are directly arranged on the pipe wall of the circular pipe body. The invention is suitable for laser cladding of the inner wall of a pipe fitting with a high length-diameter ratio, the pipe diameter can be as small as 55mm, the cladding depth can be as large as 3m, and if the cladding is carried out on a through hole, the cladding on two sides can be 6 m; convenient assembling and stability are high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser cladding equipment, and particularly relates to a device capable of performing laser cladding on the inner wall of a pipe fitting with a high length-diameter ratio.
Background
For example, the inner walls of pipe fittings such as pipelines, oil cylinder columns and the like are required to be subjected to wear-resistant or corrosion-resistant treatment, and traditionally, an electric arc copper melting or electroplating mode is mainly adopted, and the two modes are limited by material selection and can only be used on a plurality of specific products; in addition, electroplating is greatly influenced on the environment due to the adoption of chemical means, and is gradually eliminated in recent years. The laser cladding technology can solve the problem of material limitation, but the outer diameter of a corresponding mechanism for bearing a laser cladding head of the existing device for carrying out laser cladding on the inner wall of a pipe fitting is larger, the device can only be used for cladding the inner wall of the pipe fitting with the inner diameter of more than 100mm, a mode of adding a plurality of supports is adopted, and the device cannot be used for the inner wall of a non-standard cylindrical hole such as an injection molding machine.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an inner wall laser cladding apparatus suitable for a pipe with a high length-diameter ratio, which specifically comprises:
including cladding head, transmission arm and base mechanism, its characterized in that: the transmission arm is mainly formed by sequentially connecting and fixedly connecting a plurality of transmission arm sections in series, each transmission arm section is integrally a circular tube body, and an axis channel formed by an axis through hole is used for transmitting laser and coaxial shielding gas; the channels for respectively transmitting the nozzle shielding gas, the cladding powder and the cooling water are directly arranged on the pipe wall of the circular pipe body;
the pipe wall of each transmission arm section is uniformly provided with six first-class channel holes, one first-class channel hole is used for transmitting nozzle shielding gas, two first-class channel holes are used for transmitting cladding powder, and the remaining three first-class channel holes are respectively used as water return channels of a cooling water circulation waterway;
each transmission arm section is matched and additionally provided with an inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is sleeved in an axis through hole of the transmission arm section, the front end and the rear end of the wall of the axis through hole of the transmission arm section are provided with annular steps protruding inwards, and the annular steps at the two ends of the axis through hole are hermetically connected with the outer surfaces of the two ends of the inner sleeve;
the annular gap between the annular steps at two ends between the inner sleeve and the axis through hole forms an annular sealing cavity, the front end and the rear end of the annular sealing cavity are respectively communicated with water inlet channel holes which are obliquely arranged, one end orifice of each water inlet channel hole is positioned on the end surface of the pipe wall, the other end orifice is arranged on the wall of the axis through hole close to the annular step, and therefore the annular sealing cavity and the oblique water inlet channel holes at two ends respectively form a water inlet channel of the transmission arm section.
Furthermore, six first-class channel holes are uniformly formed in the pipe wall of each transmission arm section, one first-class channel hole is used for transmitting nozzle shielding gas, two first-class channel holes are used for transmitting cladding powder, the remaining three first-class channel holes are respectively used as water return channels of a cooling water circulation waterway, water inlet channel holes used as water inlet channels are also directly formed in the pipe wall, and each water inlet channel hole is close to and arranged beside the channel hole of the corresponding water return channel.
Furthermore, a plurality of weight reduction grooves are uniformly formed in the periphery of the pipe wall, and each weight reduction groove is formed between two first-class channel holes and water inlet channel holes at two ends.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of positioning pin mounting blind holes are uniformly formed in the end faces of the tube walls of the two adjacent sections of transmission arm sections, the number of the positioning pin mounting blind holes in each group is at least one, the positioning pins are correspondingly arranged, and the hole center of each positioning pin mounting blind hole is parallel to the center of the axis through hole; two ends of the positioning pin respectively extend into the mounting blind holes of the two adjacent transmission arm sections and are fixedly connected with the mounting blind holes.
Furthermore, two ends of the positioning pin respectively extend into the mounting blind holes of the two adjacent transmission arm sections and are in interference fit with the mounting blind holes.
Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the pipe wall of the transmission arm section positioned on the left side in the two adjacent transmission arm sections is obliquely provided with an oblique installation screw hole which corresponds to and is communicated with each positioning pin installation blind hole; the oblique mounting screw hole is arranged on the pipe wall in the opening direction from outside to inside and is intersected with the corresponding positioning pin mounting blind hole in the same side from the hole opening to the extending direction of the hole bottom;
each positioning pin is integrally cylindrical, a part of the side wall of the left half rod body is removed to form an inclined concave part, and the inclined concave part is provided with an inclined surface for the inclined head of the inclined jackscrew to extend into and an abutting surface capable of abutting against the top end surface of the head of the jackscrew; the right half of the positioning pin extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm section on the right side and is in interference fit with the positioning pin mounting blind hole, the left half of the positioning pin extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm section on the left side, the oblique jackscrew extends into the oblique jackscrew along the oblique mounting screw hole in a threaded manner, and the top end face of the head of the jackscrew abuts against the abutting surface of the oblique depressed part of the left half of the positioning pin in the corresponding positioning pin mounting blind hole.
Furthermore, the number of the mounting blind holes of each group of positioning pins is two; on the pipe wall of the transmission arm section of seting up the slant installation screw, correspond every group locating pin installation blind hole and still respectively set up a vertical installation screw that is used for the vertical jackscrew of spiro union, vertical installation screw is located between two locating pin installation blind holes of every group and all link up perpendicularly with two locating pin installation blind holes, and vertical jackscrew spiro union stretches into vertical installation screw, and the jackscrew head terminal surface can support with the locating pin lateral surface homogeneous phase in two locating pin installation blind holes.
Furthermore, the head of the vertical jackscrew is a cone with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part, and two sides of the outer conical surface of the cone are respectively abutted against the outer side surfaces of the two positioning pins of the corresponding group.
Furthermore, the number of the mounting blind holes of each group of positioning pins is two; the pipe wall of the transmission arm joint on the left side is provided with two vertical mounting screw holes corresponding to each group of positioning pin mounting blind holes for screwing vertical jackscrews, the two vertical mounting screw holes are positioned between the two positioning pin mounting blind holes of each group and vertically communicated with the two positioning pin mounting blind holes,
each positioning pin is integrally cylindrical, and two annular positioning grooves are formed in the left half part of the rod body; the right half of the positioning pin stretches into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm joint on the right side and is fixedly connected with the positioning pin in an interference fit mode, the left half of the positioning pin stretches into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm joint on the left side, the two vertical jackscrews stretch into the positioning pin mounting blind hole along the vertical mounting screw hole in a threaded mode, and the head portions of the two jackscrews are respectively clamped to the annular positioning grooves corresponding to the left half of the two positioning pins.
The invention is suitable for laser cladding of the inner wall of a pipe fitting with a high length-diameter ratio, the pipe diameter can be as small as 55mm, the cladding depth can be as large as 3m, and if the cladding is carried out on a through hole, the cladding on two sides can be 6 m; convenient assembling and stability are high.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the present apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first structural embodiment of a transfer arm segment;
FIG. 3 is a front end view of a first structural embodiment of a transfer arm segment;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second structural embodiment of a transfer arm segment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the inner sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a front end view of the inner sleeve sleeved over the transmission arm joint;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion circled B in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of two transmission arm sections in a butt joint state, cut along the center of a pair of water inlet passage holes;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a left portion of a positioning pin and a transfer arm section according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a positioning pin according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a positioning pin, an oblique jack screw and a vertical jack screw according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a vertical jackscrew with a cone-shaped head;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a left portion of a positioning pin and a transfer arm section in accordance with a third embodiment;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the connection structure of each set of positioning pins and vertical jackscrews of the third embodiment;
FIGS. 16 and 17 are schematic perspective views of two structural forms of the fixing frame;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a horizontal encircling auxiliary fixing structure;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of an upper inclined auxiliary fixing structure;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a composite diagonal auxiliary fixing structure;
FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the middle portion of the composite diagonal auxiliary fixing structure;
fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the optical path structure of the present apparatus.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the apparatus, wherein the operation table of the apparatus and the clamping and rotating mechanisms for the pipe fitting can be implemented by the prior art, which is not the focus of the present invention, and therefore omitted;
as shown in the figure, the device comprises a cladding head 1, a transmission arm 2 and a base mechanism 3, wherein the transmission arm 2 is the key point of the invention;
two ends of a transmission arm 2 are respectively fixedly connected and communicated with the cladding head 1 and the base mechanism 3, and the transmission arm 2 is used for conveying laser, coaxial shielding gas, nozzle shielding gas and cladding powder for the cladding head 1; cladding powder, shielding gas and laser are sprayed out from the cladding head 1 to carry out laser cladding on the inner wall of the pipe to be processed;
the transmission arm 2 is mainly formed by sequentially connecting and fixedly connecting a plurality of transmission arm sections in series, the invention provides two structural embodiments of the transmission arm sections, which are respectively introduced as follows by combining the attached drawings:
the first embodiment is as follows:
figures 2 and 3 are a perspective view and a front end view, respectively, of a first constructive embodiment of the transfer arm segment; the laser is transported in the direction from the rear end to the front end, and therefore, according to the transport direction of the laser, the position indicated by 2101 is defined as the rear end of the transfer arm section, and the position indicated by 2102 is defined as the front end of the transfer arm section;
each transmission arm section 21 is integrally a circular tube body, and an axis channel formed by the axis through hole 211 is directly used for transmitting laser and coaxial shielding gas; the channels for transmitting the nozzle shielding gas, the cladding powder and the cooling water are directly arranged on the pipe wall of the circular pipe body;
preferably, as shown in the drawing, in this embodiment, six first-class passage holes are uniformly formed in the tube wall 212 of the transmission arm section 21, wherein one first-class passage hole denoted by 2121 in the drawing is used for transmitting nozzle shielding gas, one second-class passage hole denoted by 2122 in two drawings is used for transmitting cladding powder, the remaining three second-class passage holes denoted by 2123 in the drawings are respectively used as return water passages of the cooling water circulation water path, and the water inlet passage hole 2124 serving as a water inlet passage is also directly formed in the tube wall in this embodiment, and the passage hole adjacent to each return water passage is matched with one water inlet passage hole 2124;
in the first embodiment, the water inlet passage holes 2124 are directly formed in the pipe wall like the first-type passage holes, that is, the water inlet passage holes are formed in the pipe wall from the rear end opening of the pipe wall to the front end opening of the pipe wall;
example two:
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second structural embodiment of a transfer arm segment; FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the inner sleeve; FIG. 6 is a front end view of the transmission arm joint sleeved with an inner sleeve 215; FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion circled B in FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a schematic view of two transmission arm sections in a butt joint state, cut along the center of a pair of water inlet passage holes;
the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment includes:
six weight-reducing grooves 213 are uniformly formed in the periphery of the pipe wall so as to reduce the weight of the transmission arm section, and the groove wall 214 between every two adjacent weight-reducing grooves also plays a role of a reinforcing rib; however, each weight reduction groove 213 is provided between two first-class passage holes, which may conflict with the passage portion of the water inlet passage hole in the pipe wall in the first embodiment, therefore, in this embodiment, each section of the transmission arm section is additionally provided with an inner sleeve 215 (shown in fig. 5) in a matching manner, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, the inner sleeve 215 is sleeved in the axis through hole 211 of the transmission arm section, and the front and rear ends of the wall of the axis through hole 211 of the transmission arm section are provided with annular steps 2111 protruding inwards, the annular steps 2111 at the two ends of the axis through hole 211 are connected with the outer surfaces of the two ends of the inner sleeve 215 in a sealing manner, and in order to enhance the sealing performance, a sealing rubber ring (hidden in the figure) is further installed between the two grooves 21111 provided on the inner side surface of;
therefore, an annular sealing cavity 216 is formed by an annular gap between the annular step 2111 at two ends between the inner sleeve 215 and the axis through hole 211, referring to fig. 9, the front and rear ends of the annular sealing cavity 216 are respectively communicated with obliquely opened water inlet passage holes 2124A, one end opening of each water inlet passage hole 2124A is positioned on the end surfaces of the front and rear ends of the pipe wall 212, which are indicated by 2102 and 2101 in fig. 2, and the other end opening is opened on the wall of the axis through hole 211 close to the annular step 2111, so that the annular sealing cavity 216 and the three obliquely opened water inlet passage holes 2124A at two ends jointly form a water inlet passage of the transmission arm section; the weight reduction groove 213 is arranged on the outer surface of the pipe wall between the water inlet passage holes at the two ends;
the above structure can reduce the weight of the transmission arm section, ensure the whole strength, and perform water cooling for the axial channel actually occupied by the inner sleeve 215 more uniformly and efficiently.
Further, in order to increase the sealing performance of the butt joint of each channel of the two adjacent transmission arm sections, an annular sealing groove (for example, 21242 indicated in fig. 9) is further formed at the orifice end of the corresponding channel orifice of one of the two adjacent transmission arm sections, and is used for accommodating a sealing O-ring, referring to fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 6, the annular sealing groove is formed at the orifice end on the front end face, and of course, the annular sealing groove can be uniformly formed at the orifice end on the rear end face, or one part of the annular sealing groove is formed at the front end face, and the other part of the annular sealing groove;
in addition, the invention also provides several embodiments of the connecting structure of two adjacent transmission arm sections, which are respectively described as follows by combining the attached drawings:
three groups of positioning pin mounting blind holes 217 (see fig. 3) are uniformly formed in the end faces of the tube walls of the two sections of transmission arm sections, the number of the positioning pin mounting blind holes in each group is two, the two positioning pins correspond to each group, and the hole center of each positioning pin mounting blind hole is parallel to the hole center of the axis through hole 211;
one embodiment is as follows: the positioning pin is cylindrical, and two ends of the positioning pin respectively extend into the mounting blind holes 217 of the two adjacent transmission arm sections and are in interference fit with the mounting blind holes, so that the two adjacent transmission arm sections are tightly butted; the structure is simplest, but the processing precision requirement is extremely high;
the second embodiment: referring to fig. 10, the right-side transmission arm section is hidden in the drawing, and the right half parts of the two positioning pins and the positioning pin mounting blind holes of the right-side transmission arm section are still in interference fit; the outer peripheral surface of the pipe wall of the transmission arm joint on the left side is obliquely provided with an oblique mounting screw hole 219 which corresponds to each positioning pin mounting blind hole and is communicated with the positioning pin mounting blind hole and is used for screwing an oblique jackscrew; the inclined mounting screw hole 219 is arranged in the pipe wall from outside to inside in the same direction as the corresponding positioning pin mounting blind hole in the same side from the orifice to the extending direction of the bottom of the hole;
correspondingly, referring to fig. 11, each positioning pin 218 is also cylindrical as a whole, and a portion of the sidewall of the left rod body half is removed by cutting or other means to form an inclined recessed portion 220, which has an inclined surface 2202 into which the inclined plug head portion obliquely extends and an abutting surface 2201 which can abut against the top end surface of the plug head portion; referring to fig. 12, the transmission arm sections on both sides are hidden in the drawing, the right half part of the positioning pin 218 extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm section on the right side and still adopts interference fit with the positioning pin mounting blind hole, the left half part of the positioning pin 218 extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm section on the left side, for convenient installation and alignment, the two sides can not adopt interference fit, but can have an adjustment gap for convenient final fastening connection, an oblique jackscrew 221 is screwed and extends into along an oblique mounting screw hole 219, and the top end surface of the head part of the jackscrew abuts against the top surface 2201 of an oblique depressed part 220 of the left half part of the positioning pin 218 in the corresponding positioning pin mounting blind hole, because the oblique mounting screw hole 219 is provided with a direction from the outside to the inside of the pipe wall and the same side as the extending direction from the hole to the hole bottom of the corresponding positioning pin mounting blind hole, the oblique jackscrew 221, meanwhile, the jackscrew can be screwed, so that the transmission arm sections on the two sides are connected more firmly, the sealing performance is enhanced, and the coaxiality of the two sections of corresponding through channels can be adjusted more conveniently due to the matching of the three groups and six positioning pins which are uniformly distributed and the oblique jackscrew;
preferably, a vertical mounting screw hole for screwing a vertical jackscrew 222 is further formed in each group of positioning pin mounting blind holes on the pipe wall of the transmission arm section provided with the oblique mounting screw hole 219, the vertical mounting screw hole is positioned between the two positioning pin mounting blind holes in each group and vertically communicated with the two positioning pin mounting blind holes, the vertical jackscrew 222 is screwed and extends into the vertical mounting screw hole, and the head end surface of the jackscrew can be abutted against the outer side surfaces of the positioning pins 218 in the two positioning pin mounting blind holes, so that fine adjustment of the axes of the two positioning pins 218 in each group can be realized through the vertical jackscrew 222, and further auxiliary adjustment of the coaxiality of the correspondingly communicated channels of the two adjacent transmission arm sections is realized;
preferably, in order to make the vertical jackscrew 222 contact and abut against the outer side surfaces of the two positioning pins 218 of the corresponding group better, as shown in fig. 13, the head 2221 of the vertical jackscrew 222 is a cone with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part, and two sides of the outer conical surface of the cone abut against the outer side surfaces of the positioning pins of the corresponding group respectively.
Third embodiment:
referring to fig. 14, the right-side transmission arm section is hidden, and the right half parts of the two positioning pins 218A and the positioning pin mounting blind holes of the right-side transmission arm section are in interference fit as in the first and second embodiments; the pipe wall of the transmission arm joint on the left side is provided with two vertical mounting screw holes for screwing the vertical jackscrews 222 corresponding to each group of two positioning pin mounting blind holes, and the two vertical mounting screw holes are positioned between the two positioning pin mounting blind holes of each group and vertically communicated with the two positioning pin mounting blind holes;
correspondingly, referring to fig. 15, each positioning pin 218A is also cylindrical as a whole, and two annular positioning grooves 224 are cut or otherwise formed in the left half rod body thereof; the right half of the positioning pin 218A extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the right transmission arm section and still adopts interference fit with the positioning pin mounting blind hole, the left half of the positioning pin 218A extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the left transmission arm section, and for convenient installation and alignment, the two parts can not adopt interference fit, but with adjustable clearance, in order to facilitate the final fastening, two vertical jackscrews 222 are screwed into the vertical mounting screw holes, and the head of each jackscrew is respectively clamped against the corresponding annular positioning groove 224 on the left half part of the two positioning pins 218A, the vertical jackscrew 222 can prevent the left half part 218A of the positioning pin from being separated from the positioning pin mounting blind hole, meanwhile, the connection between the transmission arm sections at two sides is firmer and the sealing performance is enhanced by screwing the jackscrew, due to the matching of the three groups and six uniformly distributed positioning pins and the oblique jackscrews, the coaxiality of two sections of corresponding communicated channels can be more conveniently adjusted;
preferably, in order to make the vertical jackscrew 222 contact and abut against the annular positioning groove 224 of the two positioning pins 218A of the corresponding set better, as shown in fig. 13 and 15, the head 2221 of the vertical jackscrew 222 is a cone with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part, and the axial cross-sectional shape of the annular positioning groove 224 is a corresponding trapezoid.
In order to further enhance the stability and firmness of the ultra-long transmission arm 2 formed by connecting a plurality of transmission arm sections in series, the invention also provides an auxiliary fixing structure, the core part of the auxiliary fixing structure comprises a fixing frame and a fixing rod, the figures 16 and 17 are respectively a three-dimensional schematic diagram of two structural forms of the fixing frame, the fixing frame comprises an annular body 300, a central through hole of the annular body is matched with an axis through hole 211 of the transmission arm section and can be in butt joint communication, and the pipe wall of the annular body is provided with through holes which are matched with a first-class channel hole, a water inlet channel hole and a positioning pin mounting blind hole which are arranged on the pipe wall of the transmission arm section and can be in butt joint communication respectively; the periphery of the annular body 300 is also provided with a plurality of protruding parts provided with through holes 302 for the fixed rods to pass through; as shown in fig. 16, the annular body 300 of this embodiment has three protrusions 301 uniformly around its periphery, or as shown in fig. 17, has four protrusions;
fig. 18 shows an exemplary embodiment of an auxiliary fastening structure (see also fig. 1): the principle schematic diagram of the horizontal surrounding type auxiliary fixing structure is that a plurality of fixing frames are sequentially arranged along the length direction of a transmission arm 2, each fixing frame is clamped between two transmission arm sections, a positioning pin penetrates through corresponding through holes of the fixing frames, the positioning pin and the corresponding through holes of the fixing frames can be in interference fit, and a class of through channel holes and a water inlet channel hole in each transmission arm section are respectively communicated with the corresponding through holes in the fixing frames in a sealing mode through sealing rubber rings; the fixing frames adopt the structure form shown in fig. 16 or fig. 17, each fixing rod 32 sequentially passes through the through hole of the corresponding boss of each fixing frame, the axis of the through hole of each boss 301 of each fixing frame is parallel to the axis of the axis through hole 211, so that the axis of each fixing rod is also parallel to the axis through hole 211, the front end of each fixing rod 32 is fixed with the corresponding boss of the fixing frame 31 positioned at the foremost end through a nut, and the rear end of each fixing rod 32 is fixed with the corresponding position of the base mechanism 3;
fig. 19 is another embodiment of the auxiliary fixing structure: the structural schematic diagram of the upper oblique-pulling auxiliary fixing structure is different from the horizontal surrounding type in that the axes of through hole holes of two symmetric protruding portions 301B at the upper end of the outer periphery of the annular body of the fixing frame 31A (see fig. 17) at the foremost end are inclined upward, and the two protruding portions are defined as oblique-pulling protruding portions; the axes of the through hole holes of the other protruding portions are the same as those of the horizontal surrounding type, namely, the axes are parallel to the axis of the axis through hole 211, the corresponding connecting fixing rod is defined as a horizontal fixing rod 33, the front end of each horizontal fixing rod 33 is respectively arranged through the through hole of the corresponding protruding portion of the fixing frame 31A at the foremost end and is fixed through a nut, the rear end of each horizontal fixing rod 33 is respectively fixed with the corresponding position of the base mechanism 3, namely, the axis of the rod of the horizontal fixing rod 33 is parallel to the axis of the axis through hole 211; the two diagonal-pulling convex parts 301B are fixedly connected with a diagonal-pulling fixing rod 32A respectively, one end of the diagonal-pulling fixing rod penetrates through a through hole of the diagonal-pulling convex part and is fixed by a fastening nut, the other end of the diagonal-pulling fixing rod is fixed with the corresponding position of the base mechanism 3, and the axial lead of the diagonal-pulling fixing rod and the axial lead of the axial center through hole 211 are obliquely intersected in the projection of a vertical plane, namely the diagonal-pulling fixing rod is fixedly arranged from the front end to the rear end in an oblique and upward manner, so that a better diagonal-pulling fixing auxiliary effect is realized on the transmission arm;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a composite diagonal auxiliary fixing structure; FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the middle part of the embodiment;
the composite oblique-pulling auxiliary fixing mechanism is equivalent to the combination of a horizontal surrounding type and an upper oblique-pulling type, in particular to
As shown in the figure, the device comprises a horizontal unit and a cable-stayed unit, wherein the horizontal unit is arranged at the front section part of the transmission arm 2, the horizontal unit comprises a horizontal front end fixing frame 331 and a horizontal rear end fixing frame 332 which are positioned at the front end and the rear end, the cable-stayed unit comprises a cable-stayed front end fixing frame 341 positioned at the front end, and the cable-stayed front end fixing frame 341 is positioned between the horizontal front end fixing frame 331 and the horizontal rear end fixing frame 332; a plurality of transmission arm sections can be arranged between the cable-stayed front end fixing frame 341 and the horizontal rear end fixing frame 332 at intervals, preferably, the cable-stayed front end fixing frame 341 and the horizontal rear end fixing frame 332 are respectively attached to and fixed on the end faces of the front end and the rear end of the same transmission arm section 21, namely, only one transmission arm section 21 is arranged between the cable-stayed front end fixing frame 341 and the horizontal rear end fixing frame 332 at intervals, so that the overall strength can be better ensured;
the fixing modes of the horizontal front end fixing frame 331, the horizontal rear end fixing frame 332, the diagonal front end fixing frame 341 and the two adjacent transmission arm sections can be referred to in the foregoing, and are not described in detail herein;
a plurality of fixing rods 333 are fixedly arranged between the horizontal front end fixing frame 331 and the horizontal rear end fixing frame 332 and around the transmission arm, each fixing rod is parallel to the axial lead of the axial center through hole 211 of the transmission arm, and the connection structure of each fixing rod with the horizontal front end fixing frame 331 and the horizontal rear end fixing frame 332 and the fixing part structure of each fixing frame can be referred to in the foregoing, and are not described again;
the axes of the through holes of the two symmetric protrusions 3411 at the upper end of the outer periphery of the annular body of the cable-stayed front end fixing frame 341 are inclined upward, defining the two protrusions as cable-stayed protrusions; the axes of the through hole holes of the other protruding portions are the same as those of the horizontal surrounding type, namely, the axes are parallel to the axis of the axis through hole 211, the front ends of the correspondingly connected horizontal fixing rods 343 are respectively arranged through the through holes of the corresponding protruding portions of the diagonal front-end fixing frame 341 and fixed through nuts, the rear end of each horizontal fixing rod 343 is respectively fixed with the corresponding position of the base mechanism 3, namely, the axis of the rod of the horizontal fixing rod 343 is parallel to the axis of the axis through hole 211; the two diagonal protrusions 3411 are fixedly connected with a diagonal fixing rod 342 respectively, one end of the diagonal fixing rod penetrates through a through hole of the diagonal protrusion and is fixed by a fastening nut, the other end of the diagonal fixing rod is fixed with the corresponding position of the base mechanism 3, and the axial lead of the diagonal fixing rod and the axial lead of the axial center through hole 211 are obliquely intersected in a vertical plane, namely the diagonal fixing rod is fixedly arranged from the front end to the rear end in an oblique and upward manner;
preferably, the fixing rod of the horizontal unit surrounds the periphery of the front cable-stayed fixing frame 341 of the cable-stayed unit, and the horizontal fixing rod 343 and the cable-stayed fixing rod 342 of the cable-stayed unit surround the periphery of the rear horizontal fixing frame 332 of the horizontal unit, respectively. Therefore, the space can be fully utilized, and the stress distribution of the auxiliary mechanism can be more balanced.
The present invention further provides an embodiment of an optical path structure suitable for the apparatus, as shown in fig. 22, a first collimating lens 41 and a plane mirror 42 are sequentially disposed in the base mechanism 3 from the vertical downward direction of the incident position of the optical fiber, the plane mirror 42 is located at the initial position on the laser transmission direction line in the transmission arm 2, and a first convex lens group and a terminal lens group are sequentially disposed along the laser transmission direction in the transmission arm 2 from back to front, wherein the first convex lens group includes one or more first convex lenses 43 sequentially disposed from back to front, the terminal lens group includes a second convex lens 44, a concave lens 45 and a parabolic lens 46 sequentially disposed from back to front, and the parabolic lens is disposed in the cladding head 1, and the first convex lens group and the second convex lens 44, the concave lens 45 of the terminal lens group are disposed in the transmission arm 2;
laser is emitted into the base mechanism 3 from the optical fiber incidence position from top to bottom, is converted into parallel light through the first collimating mirror 41, is converted into horizontal direction through the plane reflecting mirror 42 and is emitted into the transmission arm, the laser is ensured to be converged through the first convex lens group, light rays emitted to the outer wall are reduced, and the number of the first convex lenses is determined according to the length of the transmission arm; then the light is converted into parallel light through a second convex lens 44 of the tail end lens group, the parallel light is diverged through a concave lens 45, and finally the parallel light is turned and focused by a parabolic mirror 46 of the tail end lens group and is emitted from the cladding head vertically and downwards;
the light path structure can avoid the problem that the parabolic mirror is easy to burn when the power is too high, and improve the uniformity of the whole illuminated area; the design of the multi-convex lens is adopted, so that the energy scattered to the tube wall by the laser is reduced, and the remote transmission becomes possible.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. Inner wall laser cladding device suitable for high draw ratio pipe fitting, including cladding head, transmission arm and base mechanism, its characterized in that: the transmission arm is mainly formed by sequentially connecting and fixedly connecting a plurality of transmission arm sections in series, each transmission arm section is integrally a circular tube body, and an axis channel formed by an axis through hole is used for transmitting laser and coaxial shielding gas; the channels for respectively transmitting the nozzle shielding gas, the cladding powder and the cooling water are directly arranged on the pipe wall of the circular pipe body;
the pipe wall of each transmission arm section is uniformly provided with six first-class channel holes, one first-class channel hole is used for transmitting nozzle shielding gas, two first-class channel holes are used for transmitting cladding powder, and the remaining three first-class channel holes are respectively used as water return channels of a cooling water circulation waterway;
each transmission arm section is matched and additionally provided with an inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is sleeved in an axis through hole of the transmission arm section, the front end and the rear end of the wall of the axis through hole of the transmission arm section are provided with annular steps protruding inwards, and the annular steps at the two ends of the axis through hole are hermetically connected with the outer surfaces of the two ends of the inner sleeve;
an annular sealing cavity is formed in an annular gap between annular steps at two ends between the inner sleeve and the axis through hole, the front end and the rear end of the annular sealing cavity are respectively communicated with obliquely arranged water inlet channel holes, one end orifice of each water inlet channel hole is positioned on the end surface of the pipe wall, and the other end orifice is arranged on the wall of the axis through hole close to the annular step, so that the annular sealing cavity and the three oblique water inlet channel holes at two ends jointly form a water inlet channel of the transmission arm section;
a plurality of groups of positioning pin mounting blind holes are uniformly formed in the end faces of the tube walls of the two adjacent sections of transmission arm sections respectively, the number of the positioning pin mounting blind holes in each group is at least one, the positioning pins are correspondingly arranged, and the hole center of each positioning pin mounting blind hole is parallel to the center of the axis through hole; two ends of the positioning pin respectively extend into the mounting blind holes of the two adjacent transmission arm sections and are fixedly connected with the mounting blind holes;
the outer peripheral surface of the pipe wall of the transmission arm section positioned on the left side in the two adjacent transmission arm sections is obliquely provided with an oblique installation screw hole which corresponds to and is communicated with each positioning pin installation blind hole; the oblique mounting screw hole is arranged on the pipe wall in the opening direction from outside to inside and is intersected with the corresponding positioning pin mounting blind hole in the same side from the hole opening to the extending direction of the hole bottom;
each positioning pin is integrally cylindrical, a part of the side wall of the left half rod body is removed to form an inclined concave part, and the inclined concave part is provided with an inclined surface for the inclined head of the inclined jackscrew to extend into and an abutting surface capable of abutting against the top end surface of the head of the jackscrew; the right half of the positioning pin extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm section on the right side and is in interference fit with the positioning pin mounting blind hole, the left half of the positioning pin extends into the positioning pin mounting blind hole of the transmission arm section on the left side, the oblique jackscrew extends into the oblique jackscrew along the oblique mounting screw hole in a threaded manner, and the top end face of the head of the jackscrew abuts against the abutting surface of the oblique depressed part of the left half of the positioning pin in the corresponding positioning pin mounting blind hole.
2. The inner wall laser cladding device suitable for the pipe with the high length-diameter ratio of claim 1, wherein the pipe wall of each transmission arm section is uniformly provided with six first-class channel holes, one first-class channel hole is used for transmitting nozzle shielding gas, two first-class channel holes are used for transmitting cladding powder, the remaining three first-class channel holes are respectively used as water return channels of a cooling water circulation water channel, water inlet channel holes used as water inlet channels are also directly arranged on the pipe wall, and each water inlet channel hole is arranged close to and beside the channel hole of the corresponding water return channel.
3. The inner wall laser cladding device suitable for the pipe with the high length-diameter ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of weight reduction grooves are uniformly formed in the periphery of the pipe wall, and each weight reduction groove is formed between two first-class channel holes and water inlet channel holes at two ends.
4. The inner wall laser cladding device suitable for high aspect ratio pipe fittings of claim 1, wherein each set of positioning pin mounting blind holes is two in number; on the pipe wall of the transmission arm section of seting up the slant installation screw, correspond every group locating pin installation blind hole and still respectively set up a vertical installation screw that is used for the vertical jackscrew of spiro union, vertical installation screw is located between two locating pin installation blind holes of every group and all link up perpendicularly with two locating pin installation blind holes, and vertical jackscrew spiro union stretches into vertical installation screw, and the jackscrew head terminal surface can support with the locating pin lateral surface homogeneous phase in two locating pin installation blind holes.
5. The inner wall laser cladding device suitable for high aspect ratio pipe fittings of claim 4, wherein the head of the vertical jackscrew is a cone with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part, and two sides of the outer conical surface of the cone respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of the two positioning pins of the corresponding group.
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| CN202010639490.5A CN111501040B (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Inner wall laser cladding device suitable for high draw ratio pipe fitting |
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| US5900171A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1999-05-04 | Fanuc, Ltd | Laser machining apparatus with head support by angularly movable expandable arms |
| CN2707773Y (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Bore type coaxial laser cladding nozzle |
| CN204825050U (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding head for hole |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1204351A1 (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1986-01-15 | Предприятие П/Я М-5836 | Arrangement for turning cylindrical tanks |
| WO2016141896A1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | 刘素华 | Method for arranging main and lateral reciprocating teeth on jack section-increasing tooth body and mining machine with main and lateral reciprocating teeth arranged on section-increasing tooth body in jack manner |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5900171A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1999-05-04 | Fanuc, Ltd | Laser machining apparatus with head support by angularly movable expandable arms |
| CN2707773Y (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Bore type coaxial laser cladding nozzle |
| CN204825050U (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding head for hole |
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Denomination of invention: Inner wall laser cladding device suitable for high aspect ratio pipe fittings Effective date of registration: 20230324 Granted publication date: 20200918 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited Tianjin New Technology Industrial Park Branch Pledgor: ACUNITY (TIANJIN) Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023120000010 |
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