CN111497540B - A composite leaf spring suspension assembly device with two levels of stiffness - Google Patents
A composite leaf spring suspension assembly device with two levels of stiffness Download PDFInfo
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- CN111497540B CN111497540B CN202010433704.3A CN202010433704A CN111497540B CN 111497540 B CN111497540 B CN 111497540B CN 202010433704 A CN202010433704 A CN 202010433704A CN 111497540 B CN111497540 B CN 111497540B
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- leaf spring
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 127
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 127
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000510097 Megalonaias nervosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/04—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种两级刚度的复合板簧悬架总成装置，包括作为副簧的FRP复合材料板簧和作为钢板弹簧主簧的钢板弹簧，还包括FRP复合材料板簧固定装置，所述FRP复合材料板簧固定装置用于压紧所述FRP复合材料板簧；压紧骑马螺栓，所述压紧骑马螺栓跨设在所述钢板弹簧上，且所述压紧骑马螺栓的两端螺柱朝下；所述钢板弹簧位于所述FRP复合材料板簧固定装置的下侧，所述压紧骑马螺栓的U型端底部位于所述FRP复合材料板簧的下侧并连接所述FRP复合材料板簧固定装置。本发明能够充分保证整车悬架系统的稳定性和安全性，同时又大幅降低板簧悬架的重量，实现整车轻量化设计，提高了板簧使用寿命，提高了燃油效力和车辆行驶的平顺性。
The present invention discloses a composite leaf spring suspension assembly device with two-level stiffness, including an FRP composite leaf spring as a secondary spring and a steel leaf spring as a main spring of a steel leaf spring, and also includes an FRP composite leaf spring fixing device, the FRP composite leaf spring fixing device is used to compress the FRP composite leaf spring; a compression riding bolt, the compression riding bolt is straddled on the steel leaf spring, and the studs at both ends of the compression riding bolt face downward; the steel leaf spring is located at the lower side of the FRP composite leaf spring fixing device, and the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression riding bolt is located at the lower side of the FRP composite leaf spring and connected to the FRP composite leaf spring fixing device. The present invention can fully ensure the stability and safety of the whole vehicle suspension system, while greatly reducing the weight of the leaf spring suspension, realizing the lightweight design of the whole vehicle, increasing the service life of the leaf spring, and improving the fuel efficiency and the smoothness of the vehicle's driving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-independent suspension systems of commercial vehicles, in particular to a two-stage rigidity composite plate spring suspension assembly device.
Background
The suspension is one of the main components of modern automobiles, can elastically connect a frame with an axle, and has the main tasks of transmitting all forces and moments acting between the frame and wheels, relieving impact loads transmitted to the frame due to uneven pavement, attenuating vibration of a bearing system caused by the impact loads and ensuring normal operation of the automobiles. The leaf spring is an elastic element which is most widely applied in an automobile suspension, and is divided into a front spring and a rear spring according to the difference of the installation positions of the leaf spring and a frame, and in the long-term development process, the leaf spring has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, small occupied space, convenient maintenance and the like, and is widely applied in the automobile industry.
With the development of technology, FRP composite plate springs are gradually used for automobile suspension spring elements. The composite materials used for automobile leaf springs are FRP (fiber-reinforced plastics) composite materials. The FRP composite material has high strength ratio modulus, good fatigue resistance, damping vibration attenuation performance and corrosion resistance, so that the FRP composite material is used as a plate spring, the smoothness and the comfort of a vehicle can be greatly improved, the mass is only about 1/4 of that of a steel plate spring, the fuel efficiency is effectively improved, the unsprung mass is also reduced, unsprung vibration is reduced, the service life is more than 3 times that of the steel plate spring, an elastic element is not required to be replaced within the service life range of the whole vehicle, and the use and maintenance cost of the whole vehicle are relatively low.
At present, many automobile manufacturers at home and abroad want to replace the steel plate springs of the existing front and rear suspensions by using FRP composite plate springs, as shown in figure 11, but the conventional longitudinal steel plate springs have the functions of guiding besides the function of an elastic element and the function of transmitting transverse force, longitudinal force and moment of the suspension, and also have the functions of a guiding device, bear the problems of ear winding impact, longitudinal torsion and the like generated under the conditions of emergency braking, steering, vertical bouncing and the like of a vehicle, change the motion track of the plate springs in the impact process, transfer the axle load to the front lifting lug and generate different degrees of S-shaped torsion of the plate springs after the plate springs, but because the allowable shearing stress of the FRP composite plate springs is very small, tau is less than or equal to 50Mpa, if the FRP composite plate springs are directly used for completely replacing the steel plate springs, particularly for rear suspension, the transmission and the guiding effect of force cannot be met based on the characteristics of the composite material, ear shearing fracture easily occurs in the running process of the vehicle, and the safety of the whole vehicle is affected. In order to solve the problem, manufacturers use a leaf spring for the main spring and an FRP composite leaf spring for the auxiliary spring, as shown in fig. 13, the leaf spring and the FRP composite leaf spring are integrally fastened by saddle bolts, and the leaf spring pressing plate, the FRP composite cover plate, the composite material, the leaf spring, the rear axle housing and the rear axle lower support plate are sequentially stacked and fastened, and by taking an M20 saddle bolt as an example, the locking torque is 450n.m, and the pressing force f=t/(k×d) =450/(0.2×0.2) =11250N is calculated according to the formula T (torque) =k×f×d. The FRB resin material has a hardness of HBa =50, a brinell hardness of 32HB in terms of conversion, and a deformation depth of h= 4*F/(32×s) =4×11250/(32×70×175) =0.115 mm in the composite material after pressing the platen. Through analysis of FRP materials, due to the soft characteristic of the composite materials, the soft characteristic of the composite materials forms obvious soft connection characteristic on torque after fastening of the saddle bolts, and the composite materials are extruded in different directions in the processes of impact, side tilting and the like, so that deformation of the composite materials is aggravated, the torque of the saddle bolts is greatly attenuated, the clamping effect of the plate spring assembly and the stability of a suspension system are influenced, and the safety of the whole vehicle is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a two-stage rigidity composite plate spring suspension assembly device, which can fully ensure the service life and the safety of a suspension, greatly reduce the weight of a plate spring suspension, realize the light weight design of the whole vehicle, prolong the service life of the plate spring and improve the fuel efficiency and the running smoothness of the vehicle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is that the two-stage rigidity composite plate spring suspension assembly device comprises an FRP composite plate spring as an auxiliary spring, a plate spring as a main spring and a plate spring as a main spring, wherein the plate spring comprises a plate spring and a spring body
The FRP composite plate spring fixing device is used for pressing the FRP composite plate spring;
The compression saddle bolt is spanned on the steel plate spring, and studs at two ends of the compression saddle bolt face downwards;
The steel plate spring is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring fixing device, and the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring and connected with the FRP composite plate spring fixing device.
The FRP composite plate spring fixing device comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate which are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the middle of the FRP composite plate spring, wherein an upper constraint groove used for constraining the upper side part of the middle of the FRP composite plate spring is formed in the lower surface of the upper cover plate, a lower constraint groove used for constraining the lower side part of the middle of the FRP composite plate spring is formed in the upper surface of the lower cover plate, the sum of the groove depths of the upper constraint groove and the lower constraint groove is smaller than the thickness of the middle of the FRP composite plate spring, the middle of the FRP composite plate spring is higher than the groove depth of the lower constraint groove, the middle section of the FRP composite plate spring is higher than the groove depth of the lower constraint groove after the FRP composite plate spring is placed in the lower constraint groove, a gap is reserved between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate after the upper cover plate is fixed, a compression connecting device is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and the middle of the compression saddle bolt is connected with the lower cover plate.
As the preferable technical scheme, the upper limit column and the lower limit column are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring in a protruding mode, an upper limit hole corresponding to the upper limit column is formed in the bottom of an upper limit groove of the upper cover plate, and a lower limit hole corresponding to the lower limit column is formed in the bottom of a lower limit groove of the lower cover plate.
As the preferable technical scheme, the FRP composite plate spring comprises an FRP composite plate spring middle section, two ends of the FRP composite plate spring middle section are respectively and upwardly bent and extended to be provided with a variable section, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are positioned at the FRP composite plate spring middle section.
As an optimal technical scheme, the upper surface of the outer end of the variable section is bonded with a wear-resisting plate, and a countersunk head screw is further connected between the wear-resisting plate and the variable section.
As the preferable technical scheme, the compressing and connecting device comprises an upper cover plate, wherein bolt holes are respectively formed in four corners of the upper cover plate, an inner threaded hole corresponding to the bolt holes is formed in the lower cover plate, and flange bolts are connected in the bolt holes and the inner threaded holes.
As the preferable technical scheme, the bottom both ends of lower apron are protruding respectively to be provided with the pressure strip, be provided with the pressure groove on the pressure strip, lower apron both sides are provided with respectively compress tightly the saddle bolt, and two compress tightly the U type end bottom of saddle bolt sets up respectively in corresponding pressure groove.
As the preferable technical scheme, the compression saddle bolt is made of alloy round steel, the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt is of a forged flat structure subjected to forging tempering, and the shape of the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt is tightly matched with the compression groove.
As an optimal technical scheme, the FRP composite plate spring is of an equal-width FRP composite plate structure formed by a high-pressure resin transfer molding process.
The invention discloses a two-stage rigidity composite plate spring suspension assembly device, which comprises an FRP composite plate spring serving as a subsidiary spring, a plate spring serving as a main spring and an FRP composite plate spring fixing device, wherein the FRP composite plate spring fixing device is used for compressing the FRP composite plate spring, a compression saddle bolt is arranged on the plate spring in a crossing manner, studs at two ends of the compression saddle bolt face downwards, the plate spring is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring fixing device, the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring and is connected with the FRP composite plate spring fixing device, the FRP composite plate spring is used for replacing the traditional subsidiary plate spring, the main spring still adopts the plate spring, the FRP composite plate spring has lower shearing strength and is soft, the saddle bolt is uniformly adjusted into the FRP composite plate spring through the FRP composite plate spring fixing device according to the optimized structure of the stress size of the FRP composite plate spring, and the FRP composite plate spring clamping mode only brings the technical advantages:
1. The FRP composite plate spring is not broken instantly and completely, so that the running safety of the vehicle is ensured, and the fatigue life of the FRP composite plate spring manufactured by prepreg which conventionally uses epoxy resin as a matrix material and glass fiber as a reinforcing material is generally more than 50 ten thousand times;
2. the weight of the leaf spring suspension is greatly reduced, the light-weight design of the whole vehicle is realized, and the fuel efficiency and the smoothness of vehicle running are greatly improved;
3. The structure of the FRP composite plate spring and the metal connecting piece is improved, the reliability of the FRP composite plate spring is improved, the service life of the vertical plate spring suspension is prolonged to be more than 5 times that of the vertical plate spring, the elastic element such as the plate spring is not required to be replaced within the service life of the whole vehicle, and the service cost of the plate spring is greatly reduced;
4. The FRP composite plate spring is pressed by adopting the FRP composite plate spring fixing device, and only the steel plate spring is clamped by the pressing saddle bolt, so that torque attenuation in the clamping process of the pressing saddle bolt can be effectively avoided, and the overall stability of the suspension is ensured to be improved by the steel plate spring.
Drawings
The following drawings are only for purposes of illustration and explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an FRP composite leaf spring of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the FRP composite leaf spring of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a wear plate of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an upper cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the upper cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the lower cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a compression saddle of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the compression saddle of the present invention installed;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a prior art complete replacement of a suspension leaf spring with an FRP composite leaf spring;
FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of the prior art with FRP composite leaf springs fully replacing the suspension leaf springs with the force deflection;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a prior art FRP composite leaf spring for a main spring and a sub spring;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a prior art FRP composite leaf spring for the main spring and the auxiliary spring prior to a road test;
fig. 15 is a schematic view of a conventional FRP composite leaf spring for a main spring and a sub-spring after a road test.
In the drawing, a 1-FRP composite plate spring, a middle section of the 11-FRP composite plate spring, a 12-variable section, a 13-wear plate, a 14-upper limit post, a 15-lower limit post, a 16-countersunk screw, a 2-plate spring, a 3-compression saddle bolt, a 31-stud, a 32-U-shaped end bottom, a 4-upper cover plate, a 41-upper limit hole, a 42-bolt hole, a 43-upper constraint groove, a 5-lower cover plate, a 51-lower limit hole, a 52-internal threaded hole, a 53-lower constraint groove, a 54-compression plate, a 55-compression groove, a 6-rear axle, a 61-rear axle lower support plate, a 7-vehicle beam, a 71-limit block and a 72-plate spring bracket are arranged.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments according to the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, it is to be noted that in the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to constituent parts having substantially the same structure and function, and redundant description about the substantially same constituent parts is omitted for the sake of conciseness of the specification.
As shown in fig. 11, at present, many automobile manufacturers at home and abroad adopt FRP composite leaf springs 1 to replace leaf springs of existing suspensions completely as main springs and auxiliary springs, and the main springs and the auxiliary springs are fastened integrally, and parts such as a leaf spring pressing plate, the FRP composite leaf springs 1, a rear axle 6 and the like are stacked and fastened, so that in the running of a vehicle, a conventional longitudinal leaf spring has the functions of a guiding device besides the functions of an elastic element and the functions of transmitting transverse force, longitudinal force and moment of the suspension, and also has the functions of a guiding device, and bears the problems of rolling ear impact, longitudinal torsion and the like generated under the conditions of emergency braking, steering, vertical bouncing and the like of the vehicle, and the front end of the FRP composite leaf spring 1 is connected with a leaf spring bracket 72 on a vehicle beam 7 through a rolling ear and a pin shaft to form a fixed hinge fulcrum which is a fixed end and has the functions of force transmission, guiding and the like; the rear end of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is connected with a plate spring support 72 on the vehicle beam 7 through a rolling lug, a lifting lug and a pin shaft to form a swinging hinge fulcrum, the swing hinge fulcrum is a movable end, the distance between the central points of the two rolling lugs is guaranteed to be changed when the FRP composite plate spring 1 is deformed, as shown in figure 12, the movement track of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is changed during the running of a vehicle, the axle load is transferred to the front side and then the FRP composite plate spring 1 generates different degrees of S-shaped distortion, the movable end of the rear end of the FRP composite plate spring 1 forwards generates displacement a, the central point between the two rolling lugs of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is moved from a point d to a point d ', the distance between the fixed end of the front end of the FRP composite plate spring 1 and the central point between the two rolling lugs of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is contracted to a point b', but the allowable shearing stress of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is very small, and is tau is less than or equal to 50Mpa, thus the FRP composite plate spring 1 is directly used to replace the steel plate spring 2 completely, particularly, the rear overhang cannot meet the force transmission and guiding effects based on the characteristics of the composite material, and ear shearing fracture easily occurs in the running process of the automobile, so that the safety of the whole automobile is affected.
As shown in fig. 13, the existing manufacturer uses the steel plate spring 2 for the main spring, the FRP composite plate spring 1 for the auxiliary spring, and the steel plate spring and the FRP composite plate spring are integrally fastened, and the plate spring pressing plate, the composite cover plate, the FRP composite plate spring 1, the steel plate spring 2, the rear axle 6 housing and the rear axle lower support plate 61 are sequentially stacked and fastened by riding bolts, but due to the soft characteristic of the composite material, the soft characteristic of the composite material forms an obvious soft connection characteristic on the torque after the fastening of the riding bolts, and the composite material is extruded in different directions generated in the processes of impact, rolling and the like, so that the deformation of the composite material is aggravated, the torque of the riding bolts is greatly attenuated, the clamping effect of the plate spring assembly and the stability of a suspension system are influenced, and the safety of the whole vehicle is influenced.
The invention relates to a two-stage rigidity composite plate spring suspension assembly device, which comprises an FRP composite plate spring 1 serving as a secondary spring and a plate spring 2 serving as a main spring, wherein the plate spring 2 can adopt less plate springs and further comprises
The FRP composite plate spring fixing device is used for pressing the FRP composite plate spring 1;
The compression saddle bolt 3 is arranged on the steel plate spring 2 in a straddling way, and studs 31 at two ends of the compression saddle bolt 3 face downwards;
The steel plate spring 2 is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring fixing device, and the U-shaped end bottom 32 of the compression saddle bolt 3 is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring 1 and connected with the FRP composite plate spring fixing device.
Considering that the FRP composite plate spring 1 has lower allowable shearing strength and softness, according to the optimized structure of the stress of the FRP composite plate spring 1, the FRP composite plate spring 1 serving as an auxiliary spring is pressed by an FRP composite plate spring fixing device, then a pressing saddle bolt 3 is pressed and connected with the FRP composite plate spring fixing device and clamps a steel plate spring 2 serving as a main spring, the steel plate spring 2 serving as the main spring is matched with a rear axle lower supporting plate 61 to be installed on a rear axle 6 through the pressing saddle bolt 3, the front end of the steel plate spring 2 serving as the main spring is connected with a plate spring support 72 on a vehicle beam 7 through a rolling lug and a pin shaft to form a fixed hinge pivot, the rear end of the plate spring is connected with the plate spring support 72 on the vehicle beam 7 through the rolling lug, the lifting lug and the pin shaft to form a swinging hinge pivot, and the connection mode of the front end and the rear end of the steel plate spring 2 is the conventional technology. The FRP composite plate spring 1 can be an equal-width FRP composite plate structure formed by a high-pressure resin transfer molding process.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the fixing device for the FRP composite plate spring comprises an upper cover plate 4 and a lower cover plate 5 which are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring 1, an upper restraining groove 43 for restraining the upper side part of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is arranged on the lower surface of the upper cover plate 4, a lower restraining groove 53 for restraining the lower side part of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower cover plate 5, the sum of the groove depths of the upper restraining groove 43 and the lower restraining groove 53 is smaller than the thickness of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring 1, and the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is higher than the groove depth of the lower restraining groove 53, so that after the FRP composite plate spring 1 is placed in the lower restraining groove 53, the middle part is higher than the groove depth of the lower restraining groove 53, the upper cover plate 4 is covered, a gap is reserved between the upper cover plate 4 and the lower cover plate 5, a compression connecting device is arranged between the upper cover plate 4 and the lower cover plate 5, and the middle part of the compression horse 3 is connected with the lower cover plate 5. The upper cover plate 4 and the lower cover plate 5 can be cast and molded, normalizing and shot blasting are carried out, rust-proof painting is carried out on the surfaces of the upper cover plate 4 and the lower cover plate 5, the compression connecting device comprises bolt holes 42 which are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper cover plate 4, the lower cover plate 5 is provided with internal threaded holes 52 which correspond to the bolt holes 42, and flange bolts are connected in the bolt holes 42 and the internal threaded holes 52. The upper limiting groove 43 and the lower limiting groove 53 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring 1, the upper cover plate 4 and the lower cover plate 5 are connected and fastened through flange bolts, the FRP composite plate spring 1 is firmly restrained and fastened between the upper cover plate 4 and the lower cover plate 5, the upper limiting column 14 and the lower limiting column 15 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring 1 in a protruding mode, an upper limiting hole 41 corresponding to the upper limiting column 14 is arranged on the bottom of the upper limiting groove 43 of the upper cover plate 4, a lower limiting hole 51 corresponding to the lower limiting column 15 is arranged on the bottom of the lower limiting groove 53 of the lower cover plate 5, and the FRP composite plate spring 1 is matched with the upper limiting hole 41 through the upper limiting column 14, The lower limit column 15 is matched with the lower limit hole 51, so that the mutual play between the upper cover plate 4, the lower cover plate 5 and the FRP composite plate spring 1 is prevented, and the FRP composite plate spring 1 is protected. The FRP composite plate spring 1 comprises an FRP composite plate spring middle section 11, the two ends of the FRP composite plate spring middle section 11 are respectively provided with a variable section 12 in an upward bending extension mode, the upper cover plate 4 and the lower cover plate 5 are positioned at the FRP composite plate spring middle section 11, and therefore the upper limit column 14 and the lower limit column 15 are positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring middle section 11, and the fastening and supporting stress of the FRP composite plate spring 1 are balanced. The surface of the outer end of the variable section 12 is adhered with a wear-resistant plate 13, a countersunk screw 16 is also connected between the wear-resistant plate 13 and the variable section 12, the wear-resistant plate 13 can be an alloy steel plate, the surface of the wear-resistant plate is quenched, one side of the wear-resistant plate 13 is adhered to the upper surface of the outer end of the variable section 12 by gluing, the other side of the wear-resistant plate 13 is perforated and is fixedly connected to the outer end of the variable section 12 of the FRP composite plate spring 1 by the countersunk screw 16, and the wear-resistant plate is matched with a limiting block 71 on the beam 7. The bottom both ends of lower apron 5 are protruding respectively to be provided with clamp plate 54, and two clamp plates 54 stretch out to the fore-and-aft direction of respectively downwards apron 5, be provided with clamp groove 55 on the clamp plate 54, lower apron 5 both sides are provided with respectively compress tightly saddle bolt 3, and two U type end bottom 32 that compress tightly saddle bolt 3 sets up respectively in corresponding clamp groove 55, through upper apron 4, lower apron 5 and flange bolt with FRP combined material leaf spring 1 firm restraint and compress tightly like this, through compress tightly saddle bolt 3 and the cooperation of clamp groove 55 on lower apron 5, and install behind clamp plate spring 2 on rear axle 6, realized the components of a whole that can function independently clamp assembly mode of plate spring 2 and FRP combined material leaf spring 1, avoided FRP combined material leaf spring 1 to be in the vehicle driving because of the transmission suspension is horizontal, The device has the advantages of ensuring the safety of the whole vehicle, avoiding the deformation phenomenon of the FRP composite plate spring 1 caused by the anisotropic extrusion of impact, side tilting and the like due to the integral fastening of the plate spring 2 and the FRP composite plate spring 1, avoiding the great attenuation of the torque of a saddle bolt, and ensuring the clamping effect of the plate spring assembly and the stability of a suspension system.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the compression saddle bolt 3 is made of round alloy steel, the bottom 32 of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt 3 is of a forged and tempered flat structure, the shape of the bottom 32 of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt 3 is tightly matched with the compression groove 55, and the compression saddle bolt 3 can be effectively ensured to be matched with the compression groove 55 on the lower cover plate 5 through flat forging treatment, so that the leaf spring 2 is effectively clamped.
According to the invention, the compression saddle bolt 3 is only tightly connected with the leaf spring 2 and the rear axle 6, the U-shaped end bottom 32 of the compression saddle bolt 3 adopts a forged flat structure, and the clamping moment of the compression saddle bolt 3 is effectively ensured. The prior art is tested by a professional test field in a mode of integrally fastening a steel plate spring and assembling an FRP composite plate spring by a riding bolt and a mode of separately clamping and assembling the steel plate spring and the FRP composite plate spring, as shown in fig. 14, which is a schematic diagram of a main spring in the prior art before testing by adopting the steel plate spring 2 and an auxiliary spring by adopting the FRP composite plate spring 1, wherein the steel plate spring 2 and the FRP composite plate spring 2 are in a normal state, and torque attenuation conditions and suspension assembly states after testing are compared with the following table:
After a comparison test of 2000km professional roads in total of 800km belgium roads, 800km washboard roads and 400km twisted roads, the whole vehicle with two steel plate springs 2 and FRP composite plate springs 1 in an assembly mode generates high-frequency deflection change under the action of alternating load, and riding bolts of a suspension are obviously attenuated. The suspension components of the two steel plate springs 2 and the FRP composite plate spring 1 are disassembled and analyzed, experimental data are shown in the table, and the torque attenuation amplitude of the compression saddle bolt 3 of the split type fastening steel plate spring 2 and the FRP composite plate spring 1 is lower than that of the structure 14.45 percent of the traditional prior saddle bolt integrated fastening steel plate spring 2 and the FRP composite plate spring 1 through the comparative analysis of the experimental data in the table, so that the average torque of the compression saddle bolt 3 after attenuation basically meets the torque lower limit standard of the M20 x 1.5 saddle bolt and can be continuously used, and the clamping effect of the plate spring assembly and the stability of a suspension system can be still effectively ensured, and the safety of the whole vehicle is ensured. The riding bolts of the existing integral type fastening main spring steel plate spring and auxiliary spring FRP composite plate spring are obvious in torque attenuation, the auxiliary spring FRP composite plate spring 1 is obviously inclined, as shown in FIG. 15, the scheme of the main spring adopting the steel plate spring 2 and the auxiliary spring adopting the FRP composite plate spring 1 after a road test in the prior art is that the end part of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is obviously interfered with a vehicle beam 7 in the figure, the body material of the FRP composite plate spring 1 is worn and drawn, and the FRP composite plate spring 1 cannot be continuously used.
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations or substitutions may be made depending on design requirements or other factors, and they are within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A two-stage rigidity composite plate spring suspension assembly device comprises an FRP composite plate spring serving as a secondary spring and a plate spring serving as a main spring, and is characterized by further comprising
The FRP composite plate spring fixing device is used for pressing the FRP composite plate spring;
The compression saddle bolt is spanned on the steel plate spring, and studs at two ends of the compression saddle bolt face downwards;
the steel plate spring is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring fixing device, and the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt is positioned at the lower side of the FRP composite plate spring and connected with the FRP composite plate spring fixing device;
The FRP composite plate spring fixing device comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate which are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring, wherein an upper restraint groove used for restraining the upper side part of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring is formed in the lower surface of the upper cover plate, a lower restraint groove used for restraining the lower side part of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring is formed in the upper surface of the lower cover plate, the sum of the groove depths of the upper restraint groove and the lower restraint groove is smaller than the thickness of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring, the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring is higher than the groove depth of the lower restraint groove, and a compression connecting device is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate;
An upper limit column and a lower limit column are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the middle part of the FRP composite plate spring in a protruding mode, an upper limit hole corresponding to the upper limit column is formed in the bottom of an upper limit groove of the upper cover plate, and a lower limit hole corresponding to the lower limit column is formed in the bottom of a lower limit groove of the lower cover plate;
the compression connecting device comprises bolt holes respectively arranged at four corners of the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate is provided with internal threaded holes corresponding to the bolt holes, and flange bolts are connected in the bolt holes and the internal threaded holes;
The bottom both ends of apron under are provided with the pressure strip in the protrusion respectively, be provided with the pressure groove on the pressure strip, apron both sides are provided with respectively down compress tightly the saddle bolt, and two compress tightly the U type end bottom of saddle bolt sets up respectively in the pressure groove that corresponds.
2. The device for assembling the composite plate spring suspension with two levels of rigidity of claim 1, wherein the FRP composite plate spring comprises an FRP composite plate spring middle section, two ends of the FRP composite plate spring middle section are respectively provided with variable section sections in an upward bending and extending mode, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are positioned at the FRP composite plate spring middle section.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the outer end of the variable section is bonded with a wear plate, and a countersunk screw is connected between the wear plate and the variable section.
4. The device for assembling the two-stage rigid composite plate spring suspension is characterized in that the compression saddle bolt is made of round alloy steel, the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt is of a forged and tempered flat structure, and the shape of the bottom of the U-shaped end of the compression saddle bolt is closely matched with that of the compression groove.
5. A two-stage rigid composite leaf spring suspension assembly according to claim 1 to 4 wherein said FRP composite leaf spring is of a flat configuration of equal width FRP composite material formed by a high pressure resin transfer molding process.
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| CN113928069B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-11-10 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Anti-roll automobile main and auxiliary spring suspension system |
| US12311714B1 (en) * | 2024-05-31 | 2025-05-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Tension leaf with auxiliary spring |
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| CN212289425U (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-01-05 | 浙江飞碟汽车制造有限公司 | Composite plate spring suspension assembly device with two-stage rigidity |
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| US9657799B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-05-23 | Polyone Corporation | Suspension sub-assembly |
| CN107215160A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-09-29 | 深圳市科聚新材料有限公司 | Plate spring assembly and vehicle suspension device |
| CN107559366B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-12-17 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | main and auxiliary spring assembly made of FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) composite material |
| CN108608818A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-02 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of FRP composite materials major-minor spring assembly |
| CN209743451U (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-12-06 | 阿尔特汽车技术股份有限公司 | Composite structure of steel plate spring and FRP plate spring |
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