CN111488013B - Temperature control circuit of electronic equipment - Google Patents
Temperature control circuit of electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111488013B CN111488013B CN202010331029.3A CN202010331029A CN111488013B CN 111488013 B CN111488013 B CN 111488013B CN 202010331029 A CN202010331029 A CN 202010331029A CN 111488013 B CN111488013 B CN 111488013B
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- temperature control
- temperature
- circuit
- heating
- control circuit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/30—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature control circuit of electronic equipment, which comprises: the temperature control device comprises n temperature control branches connected in parallel, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each temperature control branch comprises a temperature control element, a heating element and an electrified delay relay; in the temperature control branch: the contact of the electrified delay relay, the temperature control element and the heating element are connected in series to form a control path; the control path and the control coil of the electrified time delay relay are connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply in parallel. The temperature control element, the heating element and the power-on delay relay are all non-semiconductor elements and are lower than the lower limit of the working temperature range of the semiconductor elements of the same level, so that the low-temperature adaptability of the electronic equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of temperature control circuits, and in particular, to a temperature control circuit for an electronic device.
Background
In the prior art, an automatic temperature control circuit of electronic equipment in a low-temperature environment mainly comprises three types of fixed continuous heating, single-stage temperature relay control and controller control.
1) Fixed continuous heating circuit
The circuit only consists of a heating element, heating is started after the power supply is switched on, and the heating device continuously works in the whole working process of the equipment and cannot be controlled and adjusted. Such temperature circuits are generally used in situations where the heat generated by the device itself is far from sufficient to balance the heat losses, and where the ambient temperature is stable and the heated device is able to give an accurate thermal model.
2) Single-stage temperature relay control temperature control circuit
The circuit consists of a temperature relay and a heating element, the temperature relay acting as a circuit controller. When the temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the temperature relay, the power supply is switched on to start heating, and when the temperature is higher than the upper limit temperature of the temperature relay, the power supply is switched off to stop heating. The temperature control circuit is generally used for the conditions that the environment temperature and the equipment heat consumption are relatively stable and the temperature control requirement is not high.
3) Controller control temperature control circuit
The circuit consists of a heating element, a control switch, a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor collects the temperature of the equipment and transmits the temperature to the controller, and the controller compares the collected temperature with the expected control temperature and then sends out a control signal to enable the control switch to be switched on and off so as to control heating and stopping. The method is generally used in the situation that the environmental temperature basically meets the operating requirement of the electronic equipment, and the temperature condition requirement of partial circuits or components in the electronic equipment is higher.
The temperature control method mainly comprises three types, namely a single threshold, an upper limit threshold, a lower limit threshold and error temperature control.
1) Single threshold temperature control method
The single-threshold temperature control method generally uses a single lower limit temperature as a control condition, judges the ambient temperature when the electronic equipment is powered on and started, starts heating if the ambient temperature is lower than the set lower limit temperature, and automatically stops after working for a period of time. The method is generally used for the condition that the environmental temperature is lower than the working temperature range of the electronic equipment, and the heat dissipation condition is poor due to the fact that the electronic equipment can generate more heat after working, so that the initial condition is provided for starting the electronic equipment in the low-temperature environment.
2) Temperature control method for upper and lower limit threshold values
The upper and lower threshold temperature control method uses an upper temperature threshold and a lower temperature threshold as control conditions. And when the temperature is higher than the upper limit temperature threshold value, the temperature control circuit is controlled to stop heating. The method is generally used for the conditions that the requirement on the control precision of the environmental temperature is not high and the energy consumption of a temperature control circuit is not clearly limited.
3) Error temperature control method
Error temperature control methods typically control the heating circuit by comparing the actual ambient temperature to the desired control temperature. When the actual ambient temperature is lower than the expected temperature, the heating circuit is controlled to be switched on to start heating, and when the actual ambient temperature is higher than the expected temperature, the heating circuit is controlled to be switched off to stop heating. The method is generally used in the occasions with stable environment temperature and higher temperature control precision requirements.
In the prior art, a general temperature control circuit comprises a semiconductor element for temperature comparison or loading a control program in order to improve the temperature control precision, and the low-temperature adaptability of the semiconductor element is at the same level as that of other circuits of electronic equipment, so that the temperature control circuit cannot adapt to the problem that the ambient temperature is lower than the working temperature range of the electronic equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature control circuit of electronic equipment, wherein all elements used in the circuit are non-semiconductor elements, so that the lower limit of the working temperature of the elements in the circuit is reduced, and the low-temperature adaptability of the equipment is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a temperature control circuit for an electronic device, the circuit comprising: the temperature control device comprises n temperature control branches connected in parallel, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each temperature control branch comprises a temperature control element, a heating element and an electrified delay relay;
in the temperature control branch: the contact of the electrifying delay relay, the temperature control element and the heating element are connected in series to form a control path; the control path and the control coil of the electrifying delay relay are connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply in parallel.
Optionally, one end of a contact of the power-on delay relay is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, the other end of the contact is connected with one end of the heating element, the other end of the heating element is connected with one end of the temperature control element, and the power supply negative electrode at the other end of the temperature control element is connected.
Optionally, the delay time of the n electrified delay relays is respectively expressed as Δ T1, Δ T2, … and Δ Tn, wherein Δ T1 < [ delta ] T2 < … < [ delta ] Tn.
Optionally, the upper limit operating temperatures of the n temperature control elements are respectively represented as T1_ H, T2_ H, … and Tn _ H, and the lower limit operating temperatures of the n temperature control elements are respectively represented as T1_ L, T2_ L, … and Tn _ L, wherein T1_ L < T2_ L < … < Tn _ L < T1_ H < T2_ H < … < Tn _ H.
Optionally, (T1_ H-Tn _ L) > 0.5 (Tn _ H-T1_ L).
Optionally, the heating element comprises a power resistor, a heating sheet or a heating film.
Optionally, the temperature control element is a temperature relay.
According to the invention content provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a temperature control circuit of electronic equipment, which comprises: the n temperature control branches are connected in parallel, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each temperature control branch comprises a temperature control element, a heating element and an electrified time delay relay; the contact of the electrified delay relay, the temperature control element and the heating element are connected in series to form a control path; the control path is connected with a control coil of the electrified time delay relay in parallel, wherein the temperature control element, the heating element and the electrified time delay relay are all non-semiconductor elements and are lower than the lower limit of the working temperature range of the semiconductor elements of the same level, so that the low-temperature adaptability of the electronic equipment is improved.
The circuit can independently and independently control the heating model according to different equipment temperatures by reasonably setting parameters through the multistage temperature control branch, realizes automatic temperature adjustment, does not need to be controlled by a controller, reduces the complexity of the circuit, and improves the reliability of temperature control.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control circuit of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage temperature control circuit of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating selection of a stable control interval according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a working process of a three-stage temperature control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a temperature control circuit of electronic equipment, wherein all elements used in the circuit are non-semiconductor elements, so that the lower limit of the working temperature of the elements in the circuit is reduced, and the low-temperature adaptability of the equipment is improved.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a temperature control circuit of an electronic device, the circuit comprising: the temperature control device comprises n temperature control branches connected in parallel, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each temperature control branch comprises a temperature control element, a heating element and an electrified delay relay; in the temperature control branch: the contact of the electrified delay relay, the temperature control element and the heating element are connected in series to form a control path; the control path and the control coil of the electrified time delay relay are connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the power supply in parallel.
The n parallel temperature control branches form n-stage temperature control branches, wherein K1, K2, K3, … and Kn represent temperature control elements in the temperature control branches of each stage, P1, P2, P3, … and Pn represent heating elements in the temperature control branches of each stage, KH1, KH2, KH3, P … and K KHn represent power-on delay relays in the temperature control branches of each stage, circuits of each stage are mutually independent and do not influence each other, the temperature control circuits are directly connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply of the electronic equipment, temperature adjustment is automatically carried out according to environmental temperature changes, and control of an equipment controller is not needed.
When a direct-current power supply is connected to a control coil of the power-on time-delay relay, the contact switch is closed after a period of time delay, and the length of the time delay can be adjusted. The delay time of the power-on delay relays in each stage of circuit is generally set to be different in length, so that each stage of circuit is sequentially switched on in a time-sharing manner, and larger current steps caused by simultaneous switching-on are avoided.
One end of a contact of the power-on time delay relay is connected with the anode of a power supply, the other end of the contact is connected with one end of the heating element, the other end of the heating element is connected with one end of the temperature control element, and the cathode of the power supply at the other end of the temperature control element is connected. There is no fixed constraint on the series order or mutual positions of the energized time delay relay, the heating element and the temperature control element.
The delay time of the n electrified delay relays is respectively expressed as delta T1, delta T2, … and delta Tn, wherein delta T1 < deltaT 2 < … < deltaTn.
The temperature control element has two parameters of a lower limit action temperature T _ L and an upper limit action temperature T _ H, and the working mode is as follows:
when the temperature T is lower than the set lower limit action temperature T _ L, the switch-on is carried out;
the switch-off is carried out when the temperature T is higher than the set upper limit operating temperature T _ H;
when the temperature T is between T _ L and T _ H (generally, T _ L < T _ H, T _ L and T _ H in each stage of circuit can be the same or different), the switch keeps the previous state from being operated.
The upper limit operating temperatures of the n temperature control elements are represented by T1_ H, T2_ H, … and Tn _ H, respectively, and the lower limit operating temperatures of the n temperature control elements are represented by T1_ L, T2_ L, … and Tn _ L, respectively, wherein T1_ L < T2_ L < … < Tn _ L < T1_ H < T2_ H < … < Tn _ H.
In order to ensure that the stable interval is larger than half of the whole temperature control interval, the requirement of (T1_ H-Tn _ L) > 0.5 (Tn _ H-T1_ L) is satisfied, wherein Tn _ L-T1 _ H represent the stable temperature interval, and T1_ L-Tn _ H represent the maximum temperature control interval.
The heating element comprises a power resistor, a heating sheet or a heating film and the like for converting electric energy into heat energy. The number of the heating elements in each stage of circuit can be one or more. The power of the heating elements in each stage of the circuit can be the same or different.
The temperature control element is a temperature relay, and the temperature control element can also be a combination of a relay and a temperature sensor.
The invention provides an arrangement for the use of temperature control circuits at all levels. The device comprises two parts: firstly, designing the delay time length of a power-on delay relay; and designing the upper limit action and the lower limit action temperature of the temperature control element. In the following description, taking a three-stage temperature control circuit as an example, as shown in fig. 2, the delay time lengths of the energized delay relays in the three-stage temperature control circuit are respectively expressed by Δ T1, Δ T2, and Δ T3, and the following conditions are satisfied:
the electrified delay relays with different delay time parameters (KH1 has the delay time of delta T1, KH2 has the delay time of delta T2 and KH3 has the delay time of delta T3) are selected, so that delta T1 is smaller than delta T2 is smaller than delta T3.
Δ T1: the time required for other circuits except the temperature control circuit of the part of the equipment to be powered on until the current is stabilized is longer than the time required for other circuits except the temperature control circuit of the part of the equipment to be powered on until the current is stabilized.
Δ T2: it should be greater than the sum of the time required for the 1 st stage temperature control circuit to switch on until the current stabilizes and Δ T1.
Δ T3: and the time required by the 2 nd stage temperature control circuit to switch on the power supply until the current is stabilized is greater than the sum of the time required by the power supply and the delta T2.
The upper limit temperature and the lower limit temperature of the temperature control element are designed, the upper limit temperature of the temperature control switch element in the three-stage temperature control circuit is respectively represented by T1_ H, T2_ H and T3_ H, and the lower limit temperature is respectively represented by T1_ L, T2_ L and T3_ L, so that the following conditions are met:
by setting the upper limit operating temperature and the lower limit operating temperature of the temperature control element (the lower limit operating temperature and the upper limit operating temperature of K1 are T1_ L and T1_ H, respectively, the lower limit operating temperature and the upper limit operating temperature of K2 are T2_ L and T2_ H, respectively, and the lower limit operating temperature and the upper limit operating temperature of K3 are T3_ L and T3_ H, respectively), T1_ L < T2_ L < T3_ L < T1_ H < T2_ H < T3_ H is set.
If the lowest working temperature which can be adapted by the equipment is T _ L, T _ L is less than T1_ L.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the selection of the stable control interval, and as shown in fig. 3, in order to make the temperature control circuit have a wider stable interval and avoid frequent operations, it is generally empirically determined that (T1_ H-T3_ L) > 0.5 (T3_ H-T1_ L) and the stable interval is greater than half of the entire temperature control interval.
The working control process of the three-stage temperature control circuit is shown in fig. 4, after the power supply is switched on, the KH1, the KH2 and the KH3 are respectively delayed to be switched on by delta T1, delta T2 and delta T3 according to the set delay time, so that the three-stage temperature control circuit is gradually switched on, the heating power is gradually increased, the excessive overshoot of the switching-on current is avoided, and the maximum power heating is ensured.
In the process of temperature rise, when the temperature rises to T1_ H, the upper limit action triggering condition of KH1 is met, and the switch is opened to disconnect the 1 st-stage temperature control circuit; when the temperature rises to T2_ H, the KH2 upper limit action triggering condition is met, and the switch is opened to disconnect the 2 nd-stage temperature control circuit; when the temperature rises to T3_ H, the KH3 upper limit action triggering condition is satisfied, and the switch is opened to turn off the 3 rd-stage temperature control circuit.
In the process of temperature reduction, when the temperature is reduced to T3_ L, the lower limit action triggering condition of KH3 is met, the switch is closed, so that the 3 rd-level temperature control circuit is switched on, and the heating is started again; when the temperature is reduced to T2_ L, the lower limit action triggering condition of KH2 is met, the switch is closed, so that the 2 nd-stage temperature control circuit is switched on, and the heating is started again; when the temperature drops to T1_ L, the KH1 lower limit action trigger condition is satisfied, the switch is closed, the 1 st stage temperature control circuit is turned on, and heating is started again.
The three-stage temperature control circuit is switched on and off successively in the temperature rising and falling processes, so that the temperature control precision can be improved, the switching action times can be reduced, and the service life of the circuit can be prolonged.
The invention relates to a temperature control circuit of electronic equipment, which achieves the technical effects that:
1) the temperature control circuit does not contain a semiconductor element and has strong low-temperature adaptability
The element temperature control element, the heating element, the delay control element and the connecting wire used by the designed circuit are all non-semiconductor elements, and the lower limit of the working temperature range of the elements is lower than that of the semiconductor elements of the same level.
2) The temperature circuit is independently controlled without a controller
The design circuit of the invention does not need a controller, and the multistage temperature control circuit can independently control the heating mode according to different equipment temperatures through reasonable parameter setting, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of heating.
3) The temperature control circuit can be used for low-temperature cold start
The electronic equipment using the circuit can realize cold start in an environment lower than the working temperature of the electronic equipment, namely, the temperature control circuit starts heating firstly to ensure that the equipment is started normally after the temperature of the equipment is raised to the working temperature range of the equipment.
4) The temperature control circuit is simple and reliable
The circuit of the invention has simple used devices and small quantity, and the temperature control circuits of all levels adopt the same circuit form and elements, thus having high inherent reliability.
5) High temperature control precision and low energy consumption
The circuit of the invention is composed of multi-stage circuits, and can realize hierarchical control according to the difference value of the equipment temperature and the expected temperature, the temperature control precision is high, the energy consumption is low, and the control precision is improved along with the increase of the stages.
6) The temperature control circuit is simple and easy to use and has strong adaptability
In the temperature control process, the multi-stage control is independent and flexible in combination, detailed thermal design is not needed to be used as input, the temperature can be effectively controlled in an expected temperature range only by knowing the environmental temperature condition and the working temperature range of the equipment, the design difficulty of the temperature control circuit is greatly reduced, and the temperature control circuit can be suitable for different equipment and environmental conditions.
7) The temperature control circuit has strong adaptability and can adapt to the environment temperature change condition
The temperature control process of the invention can not only adapt to the condition of stable environment temperature, but also better adapt to the condition of environment temperature change. The control process can automatically adjust the control mode according to the change of the environmental temperature, and the temperature of the equipment is controlled within the expected temperature interval.
8) The temperature control circuit has small starting current
The temperature control circuit of the invention delays the starting time of the temperature control circuit and other circuits in the equipment and the starting time of each stage of temperature control circuit by time delay during starting, thereby reducing the starting current and reducing the impact on the power supply.
9) Flexible circuit topology and adaptability to different heating requirements
The temperature control circuit of the invention is composed of multi-stage simple circuits, the topology is simple and flexible, and various heating modes can be realized only by changing the stage number of the temperature control circuit, thereby being suitable for the requirements of temperature control of electronic equipment under almost all low-temperature environments.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A temperature control circuit for an electronic device, the circuit comprising: the temperature control device comprises n temperature control branches connected in parallel, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and each temperature control branch comprises a temperature control element, a heating element and an electrified delay relay;
in the temperature control branch: the contact of the electrifying delay relay, the temperature control element and the heating element are connected in series to form a control path; the control path and a control coil of the electrifying delay relay are connected between the anode and the cathode of the power supply in parallel;
the upper limit action temperatures of the n temperature control elements are respectively represented as T1_ H, T2_ H, … and Tn _ H, and the lower limit action temperatures of the n temperature control elements are respectively represented as T1_ L, T2_ L, … and Tn _ L, wherein T1_ L < T2_ L < … < Tn _ L < T1_ H < T2_ H < … < Tn _ H;
the delay time of the n electrified delay relays is respectively expressed as delta T1, delta T2, … and delta Tn, wherein delta T1 is smaller than delta T2 and smaller than …;
(T1_H-Tn_L)>0.5*(Tn_H-T1_L);
the heating element comprises a power resistor, a heating sheet or a heating film; the temperature control element is a temperature relay.
2. The temperature control circuit of an electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the contact of the energization delay relay has one end connected to a positive electrode of a power supply and the other end connected to one end of the heating element, the other end of the heating element is connected to one end of the temperature control element, and the other end of the temperature control element is connected to a negative electrode of the power supply.
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