CN111486615A - Photovoltaic heat pump coupling step waste heat utilization and clean system - Google Patents

Photovoltaic heat pump coupling step waste heat utilization and clean system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111486615A
CN111486615A CN202010265947.0A CN202010265947A CN111486615A CN 111486615 A CN111486615 A CN 111486615A CN 202010265947 A CN202010265947 A CN 202010265947A CN 111486615 A CN111486615 A CN 111486615A
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China
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heat
water
heat pump
tower
flue gas
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CN202010265947.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111486615B (en
Inventor
陈海飞
缑婷
王韵杰
严佳娟
孟放
刘齐助
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Haiwei Zhongda Beijing Technology Co ltd
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Changzhou University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/42—Cooling means
    • H02S40/425—Cooling means using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

A photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system belongs to the field of heat pump systems. The photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system comprises an absorption heat pump, a spray tower, a purification tower, a heat exchanger, a heat storage box and auxiliary components such as a combined photovoltaic power generation device, an electrostatic dust collection device and a dry ash collection device. The system can utilize the heat pump to generate power by solar energy, and the photovoltaic panel absorbs the heat device, recovers the waste heat of the flue gas and couples the flue gas purification device, thereby achieving the effects of gradient waste heat utilization and purification. The waste heat recovery flue gas purification system combining solar energy and the heat pump can ensure the hot water heating temperature when the solar energy is insufficient and the electricity utilization problem of the heat pump on the basis of utilizing the solar energy, and ensures the economical efficiency of the system operation.

Description

Photovoltaic heat pump coupling step waste heat utilization and clean system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heat pump systems, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic combined secondary waste heat recovery and purification system.
Background
China has become the first major fossil energy consuming country in the world, and with the rapid and rapid development of economy, the phenomenon of excessive consumption of resource consumption is inevitably generated, and the environmental impact caused by an unreasonable energy utilization mode appears. For a long time, the corrosion phenomenon caused by dewing on the heating surface at the tail part of the air preheater of the boiler often occurs, so that the dewing and the corrosion phenomena have to be relieved by improving the exhaust gas temperature in the design of the boiler at present, even the air preheater is not arranged on a small-sized industrial boiler, only the cast iron type economizer is arranged, and the cast iron type economizer can bear the corrosion for a long time because the pipe wall of the cast iron type economizer is thick, so that the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler is higher, and a large amount of low-temperature waste heat is wasted. Therefore, energy conservation and efficiency improvement of the gas heating system become the key points of work.
The smoke-discharging heat loss of the gas-fired boiler is the most main factor influencing the boiler efficiency, and compared with the coal-fired boiler, although the content of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide discharged by the combustion natural gas is less, the pressure on the environment is reduced, a large amount of water vapor generated after combustion is discharged into the environment along with high-temperature flue gas, and the serious waste of energy is caused. In addition, a large amount of water vapor is contained in the discharged smoke, and the discharged smoke is condensed and discharged into the atmosphere in the form of 'white smoke', so that the smoke becomes one of the causes of haze. Thus, although gas boiler emissions are relatively clean, there are still problems of heat loss and pollution, which need to be further addressed. The conventional flue gas waste heat recovery system is difficult to fully recycle the heat of the flue gas, and the heat recovery by utilizing a heat pump is high in initial investment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a photovoltaic-combined secondary waste heat recovery and purification system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system comprises an absorption heat pump 18, a spray tower 16, a purification tower 7, a heat exchanger 1 and a heat storage box 4;
the absorption heat pump 18 is respectively communicated with the water tank B17, the heat supply network backwater 19 and the spray tower 16; the water tank B17 is communicated below the spray tower 16, and the chemical tank 20 is communicated above the water tank B17; the flue gas 15 enters from the bottom of the spray tower 16, meanwhile, cold water of return water 19 of a heat supply network is cooled by the absorption heat pump 18, and the water cooled by the absorption heat pump 18 is conveyed into the spray tower 16 through the circulating water pump 6 and is used for cooling the sprayed flue gas; the water sprayed by the spray tower 16 enters a water tank B17 below the spray tower 16, the water in the water tank B17 is neutralized by a medicament and flows back to the absorption heat pump 18, and the flue gas after primary purification enters a next-stage purification tower 7;
the spray tower 16 is connected with the purification tower 7 through a pipeline, and an induced draft fan 21 is arranged on the pipeline; a lime slurry layer 11, a partition plate 12 and a urea layer 13 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the purification tower 7 from top to bottom; wherein, the lime slurry layer 11 is supplied by a lime slurry pool 9, and the urea layer 13 is supplied by a urea pool 10; a pipeline is arranged on the upper parts of the urea layer 13 and the purification tower 7, and a circulating water pump 6 is arranged on the pipeline; the lime slurry layer 11 is connected with a waste liquid collecting device 14; the flue gas after primary spraying and purification in the spray tower 16 is introduced into the lime slurry liquid layer 11 of the purification tower 7 by the induced draft fan 21, and desulfurization treatment is carried out on the flue gas; meanwhile, the urea in the urea layer 13 is conveyed to the upper part of the purification tower 7 by the circulating water pump 6, and the flue gas is subjected to spray denitration; the sprayed urea and the lime slurry are mixed to generate ammonia gas, and the ammonia gas is easy to dissolve in water and flows back to the waste liquid collecting device 14 together with the lime slurry;
the heat exchanger 1 is arranged above the purification tower 7, one end of the heat exchanger 1 is connected with a water network of a user end, the other end of the heat exchanger 1 is connected with a water tank A8, the lower part of the water tank A8 is connected with a lime slurry liquid layer 11 and a waste liquid collecting device 14 through three-fork pipelines, the upper part of the water tank is connected with one end of a heat storage tank 4 through a pipeline, and the other end of the heat storage tank 4 is connected with the user end; a heat pipe 2 return net is arranged above the heat storage tank 4, wherein the bottom ends of the heat pipes 2 positioned at the two sides of the heat storage tank 4 are connected with external cold water 34, and the heat pipe 2 in the middle is connected with the heat storage tank 4; the flue gas passing through the purification tower 7 moves upwards, meanwhile, the water in the water tank A8 exchanges heat in the heat exchanger 1, and the heated hot water is discharged from the heat exchanger 1 and conveyed to a user end; the smoke continues to rise, meanwhile, the external cold water 34 provides cold water for the heat pipe 2, the smoke exchanges heat with the cold water in the heat pipe 2, the heat exchanged water is stored in the heat storage tank 4, one part of the heat exchanged water is communicated to the user side, and the other part of the heat exchanged water is communicated to the water tank 8; heat exchanger 1 carries out the secondary heat transfer, supplies with hot water to heat exchanger 1 from water tank 8, and because of lower floor's flue gas temperature is higher, hot water can absorb the flue gas waste heat and become the higher hot water of temperature and supply with the user and use in heat exchanger 1.
The combined photovoltaic power generation device 29 is arranged outside the condensation tower and used for receiving light energy to generate electric energy; the inner wall 31 of the condensing tower is used for arranging the heat pipe 2; an enclosure structure 30 is arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the condensation tower and used for fixing the combined photovoltaic power generation device 29; the heat pipe 2 can absorb the waste heat of the flue gas and the heat of the combined photovoltaic power generation device 29 through the return water.
The combined photovoltaic power generation devices 29 are divided into a series connection mode and a parallel connection mode, each combined photovoltaic power generation device 29 is respectively connected with the junction box 22, the junction box 22 is connected with the direct current cabinet 23, and the direct current cabinet 23 is connected with the inverter 24; the inverter 24 is respectively connected with a boosting system 25 and a data acquisition unit 26, and the boosting system 25 is connected with the power grid through a lead. One end of the data acquisition unit 26 is connected with the temperature meter and the irradiation meter 27, and the other end is connected with the computer 28.
An electrostatic dust collection device 32 and a dry ash collection device 33 are additionally arranged, and the electrostatic dust collection device 32 is connected with an inner wall; the upper end of the dry ash collecting device 33 is connected with the electrostatic dust collection device 32, and the lower end is connected with a dry ash outlet through a pipeline.
The absorption heat pump 18 is composed of a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber.
And a self-induction temperature measuring instrument 5 is arranged at the initial end of the pipeline leading to the user end and is used for detecting the water temperature and transmitting the water temperature to users with different requirements according to the water temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects;
(1) the flue gas is blown into the lime slurry pool by the induced draft fan in the purifying tower, so that the smoke exhaust rate is increased, and the problem that the smoke exhaust port is blocked by solid scale is alleviated to a certain extent.
(2) Lime slurry is selected for the lime slurry pool for desulfurization. Compared with limestone, the pH range of lime desulfurization to be controlled is larger, and the difficulty in operation is smaller. And the lime desulfurization liquid-gas ratio (the ratio of lime slurry to desulfurization slurry) is larger, more slurry is needed, so that the diameter of the tower body is larger, the number of the photovoltaic panels which can be attached is larger, and more solar energy is absorbed. The flue gas can have the washing effect to the flue gas when passing through lime thick liquid, has reduced particle concentration, reaches the purpose of partial de-whitening, and the lime thick liquid has absorbed oxysulfide and nitrogen dioxide simultaneously, has reduced the pressure on denitration layer. The spray liquid finally enters the lime slurry, has the function of supplementing water to the desulfurization part and also has the function of washing flue gas. The chemical reaction involved above releases heat, the temperature of the flue gas is higher, and medium water can absorb a large amount of heat after passing through the heat exchanger. The high-temperature intermediate water is utilized to become low-temperature water which can be input into the lime slurry pool to reduce the water replenishing pressure.
(3) The heat pipe is arranged between the inner wall and the steel protection structure and absorbs the residual heat of the flue gas and the heat of the photovoltaic panel through the return water.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a photovoltaic heat pump coupled cascade waste heat utilization and purification system.
Fig. 2 is a photovoltaic series-parallel structure diagram.
Fig. 3 is a spiral plate heat exchanger.
In the figure: 1, a heat exchanger, 2 heat pipes, 3 valves, 4 heat storage tanks, 5 self-induction temperature measuring instruments, 6 circulating water pumps, 7 purifying towers, 8 water tanks A, 9 lime slurry tanks, 10 urea tanks, 11 lime slurry liquid layers, 12 partition plates, 13 urea layers, 14 waste liquid collecting devices, 15 flue gas, 16 spray towers, 17 water tanks B, 18 absorption heat pumps, 19 heat network backwater, 20 reagent tanks, 21 induced draft fans, 22 confluence tanks, 23 direct current cabinets, 24 inverters, 25 boosting systems, 26 data collectors, 27 thermometers and irradiators, 28 computers, 29 combined photovoltaic power generation devices 29, 30 enclosing structures, 31 inner walls, 32 electrostatic dust removal devices and 33 dry ash collecting devices; 34 external cold water.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
A photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system comprises an absorption heat pump 18, a spray tower 16, a purification tower 7, a heat exchanger 1 and a heat storage box 4;
the absorption heat pump 18 is respectively communicated with the water tank B17, the heat supply network backwater 19 and the spray tower 16; the water tank B17 is communicated below the spray tower 16, and the chemical tank 20 is communicated above the water tank B17; the flue gas 15 enters from the bottom of the spray tower 16, meanwhile, cold water of return water 19 of a heat supply network is cooled by the absorption heat pump 18, and the water cooled by the absorption heat pump 18 is conveyed into the spray tower 16 through the circulating water pump 6 and is used for cooling the sprayed flue gas; the water sprayed by the spray tower 16 enters a water tank B17 below the spray tower 16, the water in the water tank B17 is neutralized by a medicament and flows back to the absorption heat pump 18, and the flue gas after primary purification enters a next-stage purification tower 7;
the spray tower 16 is connected with the purification tower 7 through a pipeline, and an induced draft fan 21 is arranged on the pipeline; a lime slurry layer 11, a partition plate 12 and a urea layer 13 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the purification tower 7 from top to bottom; wherein, the lime slurry layer 11 is supplied by a lime slurry pool 9, and the urea layer 13 is supplied by a urea pool 10; a pipeline is arranged on the upper parts of the urea layer 13 and the purification tower 7, and a circulating water pump 6 is arranged on the pipeline; the lime slurry layer 11 is connected with a waste liquid collecting device 14; the flue gas after primary spraying and purification in the spray tower 16 is introduced into the lime slurry liquid layer 11 of the purification tower 7 by the induced draft fan 21, and desulfurization treatment is carried out on the flue gas; meanwhile, the urea in the urea layer 13 is conveyed to the upper part of the purification tower 7 by the circulating water pump 6, and the flue gas is subjected to spray denitration; the sprayed urea and the lime slurry are mixed to generate ammonia gas, and the ammonia gas is easy to dissolve in water and flows back to the waste liquid collecting device 14 together with the lime slurry;
the heat exchanger 1 is arranged above the purification tower 7, one end of the heat exchanger 1 is connected with a water network of a user end, the other end of the heat exchanger 1 is connected with a water tank A8, the lower part of the water tank A8 is connected with a lime slurry liquid layer 11 and a waste liquid collecting device 14 through three-fork pipelines, the upper part of the water tank is connected with one end of a heat storage tank 4 through a pipeline, and the other end of the heat storage tank 4 is connected with the user end; a heat pipe 2 return net is arranged above the heat storage tank 4, wherein the bottom ends of the heat pipes 2 positioned at the two sides of the heat storage tank 4 are connected with external cold water 34, and the heat pipe 2 in the middle is connected with the heat storage tank 4; the flue gas passing through the purification tower 7 moves upwards, meanwhile, the water in the water tank A8 exchanges heat in the heat exchanger 1, and the heated hot water is discharged from the heat exchanger 1 and conveyed to a user end; the smoke continues to rise, meanwhile, the external cold water 34 provides cold water for the heat pipe 2, the smoke exchanges heat with the cold water in the heat pipe 2, the heat exchanged water is stored in the heat storage tank 4, one part of the heat exchanged water is communicated to the user side, and the other part of the heat exchanged water is communicated to the water tank 8; heat exchanger 1 carries out the secondary heat transfer, supplies with hot water to heat exchanger 1 from water tank 8, and because of lower floor's flue gas temperature is higher, hot water can absorb the flue gas waste heat and become the higher hot water of temperature and supply with the user and use in heat exchanger 1.
The combined photovoltaic power generation device 29 is arranged outside the condensation tower and used for receiving light energy to generate electric energy; the inner wall 31 of the condensing tower is used for arranging the heat pipe 2; an enclosure structure 30 is arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the condensation tower and used for fixing the combined photovoltaic power generation device 29; the heat pipe 2 can absorb the waste heat of the flue gas and the heat of the combined photovoltaic power generation device 29 through the return water.
The combined photovoltaic power generation devices 29 are divided into a series connection mode and a parallel connection mode, each combined photovoltaic power generation device 29 is respectively connected with the junction box 22, the junction box 22 is connected with the direct current cabinet 23, and the direct current cabinet 23 is connected with the inverter 24; the inverter 24 is respectively connected with a boosting system 25 and a data acquisition unit 26, and the boosting system 25 is connected with the power grid through a lead. One end of the data acquisition unit 26 is connected with the temperature meter and the irradiation meter 27, and the other end is connected with the computer 28.
The electrostatic dust removal device 32 is connected with the inner wall; the upper end of the dry ash collecting device 33 is connected with the electrostatic dust collection device 32, and the lower end is connected with a dry ash outlet through a pipeline.
The absorption heat pump 18 is a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and is composed of a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber.
And a self-induction temperature measuring instrument 5 is arranged at the initial end of the pipeline leading to the user end and is used for detecting the water temperature and transmitting the water temperature to users with different requirements according to the water temperature.
Two valves above the waste liquid collecting device 14 are used for: and when lime slurry is supplied with water and diluted, the upper valve is opened to close the lower valve, when waste liquid is collected, the upper valve is closed to open the lower valve, and the waste liquid is collected to the waste liquid collecting device 14 through the water pump.
The medicament in the medicament box 20 is alkaline medicament; such as caustic soda. Because the flue gas contains SO2，NOxAnd pollutants such as dust and the like, and acidic gas are dissolved in water and have corrosiveness on equipment, so the chemical box 20 is arranged, and the neutralization effect is generated by adding alkali to ensure that the spray water is neutral.
The heat exchanger 1 is a novel heat exchanger, has good heat transfer efficiency and high operation stability, and can work together with a plurality of heat exchangers. The heat transfer efficiency is 1-3 times of that of the tube type heat exchanger. The uniform-section single channel has no flow dead zone, and the heat transfer coefficient of the spiral plate type heat exchanger during heat exchange can reach 3000W/square meter.
The absorption heat pump 18 comprises a solution side and a water side, wherein the solution in the solution side is L iBr solution, L iBr solution absorbs heat which comes to drive a heat source in a generator, water vapor in the solution evaporates, the solution becomes concentrated, the concentrated solution enters an absorber, absorbs refrigerant steam from an evaporator, becomes a dilute solution and releases heat to a heat supply network backwater 19, the refrigerant steam enters a condenser for condensation after leaving the generator, releases heat to the heat supply network backwater 19, then absorbs heat of heat source water in the evaporator and evaporates again, finally enters the absorber for condensation and dilutes L iBr the concentrated solution, a cycle is completed, the water side is that the heat supply network backwater 19 enters the absorber and the condenser for heating once, and the heat source water releases heat in the evaporator for cooling.
And a valve 3 can be arranged on a pipeline between each component, and the valve 3 is an electromagnetic valve.

Claims (9)

1. A photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system is characterized by comprising an absorption heat pump (18), a spray tower (16), a purification tower (7), a heat exchanger (1) and a heat storage box (4);
the absorption heat pump (18) is respectively communicated with the water tank B (17), the heat supply network backwater (19) and the spray tower (16); the water tank B (17) is communicated with the lower part of the spray tower (16), and the chemical tank (20) is communicated with the upper part of the water tank B (17); flue gas (15) enters from the bottom of the spray tower (16), meanwhile, cold water of return water (19) of a heat supply network is cooled by the absorption heat pump (18), and the cooled water of the absorption heat pump (18) is conveyed into the spray tower (16) through the circulating water pump (6) and is used for spraying the flue gas for cooling; the water sprayed by the spray tower (16) enters a water tank B (17) below the spray tower (16), the water in the water tank B (17) is neutralized by a medicament and flows back to an absorption heat pump (18), and the primarily purified flue gas enters a next-stage purification tower (7);
the spray tower (16) is connected with the purification tower (7) through a pipeline, and an induced draft fan (21) is arranged on the pipeline; a lime slurry layer (11), a partition plate (12) and a urea layer (13) are respectively arranged at the bottom of the purification tower (7) from top to bottom; wherein the lime slurry layer (11) is supplied by a lime slurry pool (9), and the urea layer (13) is supplied by a urea pool (10); a pipeline is arranged at the upper parts of the urea layer (13) and the purification tower (7), and a circulating water pump (6) is arranged on the pipeline; the lime slurry liquid layer (11) is connected with a waste liquid collecting device (14); the flue gas after primary spraying and purification in the spray tower (16) is introduced into a lime slurry layer (11) of the purification tower (7) by a draught fan (21) to carry out desulfurization treatment on the flue gas; meanwhile, urea in the urea layer (13) is conveyed to the upper part of the purification tower (7) by the circulating water pump (6) to carry out spraying denitration on the flue gas; the sprayed urea and the lime slurry are mixed to generate ammonia gas, and the ammonia gas is easy to dissolve in water and flows back to the waste liquid collecting device (14) together with the lime slurry;
the heat exchanger (1) is arranged above the purification tower (7), one end of the heat exchanger (1) is connected with a water network of a user end, the other end of the heat exchanger is connected with a water tank A (8), the lower part of the water tank A (8) is connected with a lime slurry liquid layer (11) and a waste liquid collecting device (14) through a three-fork pipeline, the upper part of the water tank A is connected with one end of a heat storage tank (4) through a pipeline, and the other end of the heat storage tank (4) is connected with the user end; a heat pipe (2) return net is arranged above the heat storage tank (4), wherein the bottom ends of the heat pipes (2) positioned at the two sides of the heat storage tank (4) are connected with external cold water (34), and the heat pipe (2) in the middle is connected with the heat storage tank (4); the flue gas passing through the purification tower (7) moves upwards, meanwhile, the water in the water tank A (8) exchanges heat in the heat exchanger (1), and the heated hot water is output from the heat exchanger (1) and is conveyed to a user side; the smoke continues to rise, meanwhile, external cold water (34) provides cold water for the heat pipes (2), the smoke exchanges heat with the cold water in the heat pipes (2), the heat exchanged water is stored in the heat storage tank (4), one part of the heat exchanged water is communicated to the user side, and the other part of the heat exchanged water is communicated to the water tank (8); heat exchanger (1) carry out the secondary heat transfer, supply with hot water to heat exchanger (1) in water tank (8), because of lower floor's flue gas temperature is higher, hot water can absorb the flue gas waste heat and become the higher hot water of temperature and supply with the user and use in heat exchanger (1).
2. The photovoltaic heat pump coupled cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combined photovoltaic power generation device (29) is disposed outside the condensation tower and is used for receiving light energy to generate electric energy; the inner wall (31) of the condensing tower is used for arranging the heat pipe (2); an enclosure structure (30) is arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the condensation tower and used for fixing the combined photovoltaic power generation device (29); the heat pipe (2) can absorb the waste heat of the flue gas and the heat of the combined photovoltaic power generation device (29) through return water.
3. The photovoltaic heat pump coupled cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the combined photovoltaic power generation devices (29) are divided into a series connection mode and a parallel connection mode, each combined photovoltaic power generation device (29) is respectively connected with a combiner box (22), the combiner boxes (22) are connected with a direct current cabinet (23), and the direct current cabinets (23) are connected with an inverter (24); the inverter (24) is respectively connected with the boosting system (25) and the data acquisition unit (26), and the boosting system (25) is connected with a power grid through a lead; one end of the data acquisition unit (26) is connected with the temperature instrument and the irradiation instrument (27), and the other end is connected with the computer (28).
4. The photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an electrostatic dust removal device (32) and a dry ash collection device (33) are additionally provided, the electrostatic dust removal device (32) is connected with an inner wall; the upper end of the dry ash collecting device (33) is connected with the electrostatic dust collection device (32), and the lower end is connected with a dry ash outlet through a pipeline.
5. The photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the absorption heat pump (18) is a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and is composed of a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber.
6. The photovoltaic heat pump coupling cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the absorption heat pump (18) is a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and is composed of a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber.
7. The photovoltaic heat pump coupled cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 6, wherein a self-induction temperature measuring instrument (5) is provided at the beginning of the pipeline leading to the user end for detecting the water temperature and delivering the water temperature to users with different requirements.
8. The photovoltaic heat pump coupled cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 4, wherein a self-induction temperature measuring instrument (5) is arranged at the beginning of the pipeline leading to the user end for detecting the water temperature and delivering the water temperature to users with different requirements.
9. The photovoltaic heat pump coupled cascade waste heat utilization and purification system as claimed in claim 5, wherein a self-induction temperature measuring instrument (5) is arranged at the beginning of the pipeline leading to the user end for detecting the water temperature and delivering the water temperature to users with different requirements.
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