CN111480567A - Large-scale artificial culture method for Okamura kamurai - Google Patents
Large-scale artificial culture method for Okamura kamurai Download PDFInfo
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- CN111480567A CN111480567A CN201910455283.1A CN201910455283A CN111480567A CN 111480567 A CN111480567 A CN 111480567A CN 201910455283 A CN201910455283 A CN 201910455283A CN 111480567 A CN111480567 A CN 111480567A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
Abstract
The invention provides an indoor large-scale artificial culture method of caulerpa gambogic, which comprises the following steps of selecting healthy caulerpa gambogic bodies without discoloration, pollution and decay, cleaning, removing impurities, putting into a black double-layer net clamp floating in seawater, and putting in caulerpa gambogic with the density of 200-400 g/m2Strictly controlling various environmental factors in the culture process, wherein the suitable growth salinity of the fiddlehead Okamurakamurakamurakamurai is 20-8 per thousand, the optimum growth salinity is 30-35 per thousand, the temperature is 20-30 ℃, the optimum growth temperature is 24-27 ℃, the illumination intensity is 1500-4000lux, the optimum illumination intensity is 2000-3000lux, the optimum growth salinity is 30-35 per thousand, the dark period of the culture is 7-9 h, the optimum dark period is 8.0 +/-0.5 h, the concentration of the formula nitric acid of the feed in the culture process of the fiddlehead Okamurai is 0-30 mg/L, the concentration of ammonium chloride is 0-25 mg/L, and the concentration range of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0-6 mg/L.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale seaweed culture methods, and particularly relates to a large-scale artificial culture method of Pteridium okamuranus.
Background
The seaweed is a low-grade cryptogamic plant in the sea, is an important component of marine biological resources, can generate a plurality of secondary metabolites with physiological activity, and a plurality of the secondary metabolites have physiological activity such as antivirus, anticancer and the like. The Cobalanopsis okamura (Caulerpa) belongs to the genus Caulerpa (Caulerpa) in the family Caulerpaceae (Caulerpaceae) of the order Caulerpa (Chlorophyta) of the Chlorophyta (chlorophyta) class Chlorophyceae (chloro-phyceae). The fern algae has soft tissue and rich meat quality, is often used for fresh vegetables or salad, and is edible warm large-scale economic green algae. Bracken is also the largest unicellular organism on earth, usually with rhizomes, stolons and erect branches, the algal bodies are mostly turquoise, grow on rocks in low tidal zones, with extensive stolons, erect branches are single or branched, little branches are reciprocal or reciprocal, and each little branch has a short stalk. The analysis of the nutrient components of the Pteridium okamurensis shows that the Se content is 14.66mg/kg dry weight, which is far higher than the Se content of Enteromorpha prolifera, Monochoria, laver, gulfweed and Gracilaria and is also far higher than the Se content of terrestrial plants by hundreds of times. The Pteridium okamurensis contains abundant microelements Fe and Zn, and the contents are 381mg/kg and 28.31mg/kg respectively. In addition, the crude protein, crude fat, polysaccharide, dietary fiber and ash of the codium village algae account for 13.8%, 6.3%, 32.6%, 11.9% and 23.2% of the dry weight of the algae powder, respectively. The fiddlehead gambogum contains 16 amino acids, 7 essential amino acids account for 41.47% of the total amino acid content, the content of flavor amino acids is 46.20% of the total amino acids, the EAA/TAA is 41.47%, the EAA/NEAA is 70.85%, and the amino acid composition basically meets the FAO/WHO standard, so the fiddlehead gambogum has potential food utilization and development values.
At present, few research reports about the culture of the fiddlehead gambogum are reported, and survey research about the resources of the fiddlehead gambogum in 60 years shows that the wild resources of the fiddlehead gambogum are distributed in the Hayao of Fujian east China, and no related report about the fiddlehead gambogum is found afterwards. As a class of algae which is not developed on a large scale, the establishment of an efficient artificial breeding technology of the Pteridium okamuranus is a key for increasing the yield and promoting the utilization of resources, and is also a problem which needs to be solved urgently by large-scale culture. The patent aims to provide the optimum growth ecological factor condition of the pteridium okamuranus, provide detailed basis for large-scale artificial breeding and provide reference for developing new breeding varieties in the seaweed breeding industry.
For large green algae, light and temperature are the most important ecological factors influencing the growth and development of the large green algae in nature, and the two ecological factors often generate interaction on the algae. For algae, light is an important energy source for photosynthesis, and under certain temperature, pH and nutrient conditions, the intensity of light and the length of time determine the photosynthetic efficiency of the algae. Salinity factors also influence the growth and photosynthesis of algae, and the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body is closely related to the growth condition of the algae, but the excessive nutrient salt level can also inhibit the growth, so that the full study on the growth and the asexual reproduction condition of the pteridium okamuranus under the conditions of light temperature, salinity and different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations can provide data for the large-scale cultivation of the algae.
Photosynthesis is the most important life activity process of algae, and the intensity and the length of illumination determine the efficiency of the photosynthesis, and the photosynthesis has a non-negligible regulation and control effect on the growth, the morphological structure and the material metabolism of the algae. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b absorb light energy and assimilate CO in plant photosynthesis process2Which reflect the potential photosynthetic efficiency and assimilation capacity of the plant. The soluble sugar has an important function on the life and growth of plants, has a signal function, and can provide necessary energy and metabolites for the growth and development of the plants. The protein is one of the most important nitrogen-containing macromolecules in cells, the content and the type of the protein are also important indexes for measuring the quality of plant products, most of soluble proteins in plants are enzymes participating in plant metabolism, and the content of the soluble proteins in the plants can be measured to reflect the total metabolic capacity of the plants. Therefore, in evaluating the growth and vegetative propagation status of Coprinus gambieri, we mainly examined the net weight gain of growth, the number of new upright branches and new filamentous tillering rhizomes, the contents of chlorophyll a and b, and the size of a/b, soluble sugar content, and soluble protein content.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an indoor artificial culture method of caulerpa gambogic and application thereof, and the method can improve the growth efficiency and yield of the caulerpa gambogic, increase the vegetative propagation capacity and improve the product quality.
The invention discloses an artificial culture method of Pteridium okamuranus, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (3) indoor artificial culture treatment and stocking of the fiddlehead gambcunea: putting the pteridium okamuranus into seawater in time, cleaning, removing impurities, selecting healthy algae without discoloration, pollution and corrosion, putting into a black double-layer net, and floating in the seawater; laying a layer of clean and sterile fine sand below the net clamping during asexual propagation to serve as a matrix for the false root to climb; the density of the released Pteridium okamurense is 200-400 g/m2；
Step 2: controlling the indoor artificial culture environmental conditions of the okangcun bracken: culturing the fiddlehead Okamura Okamurai in the whole course of indoor culture by using micro-aeration flowing water; the growth salinity range of the Pteridium okamurensis is 20-38 per thousand, and the optimal growth salinity range is 30-35 per thousand; the temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the optimal growth temperature is 24-27 ℃; the illumination intensity is 1500-4000lux, and the optimum illumination intensity is 2000-3000 lux; the dark period of the culture of the pteridium okamuranus is 7-9 h, and the most suitable dark period is 8.0 +/-0.5 h;
controlling the nutrient conditions in the indoor culture environment culture process of the Alternaria gambosa, wherein nitrogen fertilizers mainly comprise nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, the concentration of nitric acid is within the range of 0-30 mg/L, the wet weight gain of the Alternaria gambosa is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen, the growth of the Alternaria gambosa is promoted, but the content of chlorophyll a + b and the content of a/b are in a trend of descending after ascending along with the increase of the concentration, the concentration of ammonium chloride is within the range of 0-25 mg/L, the wet weight gain of the Alternaria gambosa is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the ammonium chloride, the growth of the Alternaria gambosa is promoted, but the content of chlorophyll a + b and the content of a/b are in a trend of descending after ascending along with the concentration, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is within the range of 0-6 mg/L, the wet weight gain of the Alternaria gambosa is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the concentration of the Alternaria gambosa is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, the Alternaria gambosa is prevented from being increased after the nutrient flow water is returned to the normal flow after the water flow of 3-3 hours, and the water is returned to the normal flow after the water is returned to the water flow after the water flow of 3-3 hours;
and 4, step 4: controlling indoor vegetative (nutrient) propagation environmental conditions of the caulerpa gambokamun: salinity suitable for nutritional propagation of Pteridium okamurensis is 25-35%, and salinity suitable for nutritional propagation is 30-35%; the temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the most suitable temperature for nutrition propagation is 24-27 ℃; the illumination intensity of vegetative propagation is 1500-; the dark period of culturing Pteridophyta okamuranus is 6-9 hr, and the most suitable dark period is 7.0 + -0.5 hr; under proper dark-phase conditions, the caulerpa gambokamun roots, grows buds and is accompanied with the differentiation of new leaves; under the condition of no dark period, the roots, buds and new leaves are not differentiated, but the upright branches and saccular leaves can continuously grow;
and 5, in the vegetative propagation process, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application is obviously different from vegetative growth, mainly nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen are applied, the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is within the range of 0-15 mg/L, the growth of the caulerpa gambokamun can be promoted within the range, but the development of new roots of the caulerpa gambokamun is hindered along with the increase of the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen, the concentration of ammonium chloride is within the range of 0-15 mg/L, the growth of the caulerpa gambokamun can be promoted, and in the vegetative propagation process, a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is applied within the range of 0-10 mg/L.
The invention is also characterized in that in the step 1, healthy algae which has no color change, no pollution and no decay is selected.
The invention is also characterized in that in the step 1, the selected healthy algae are put into a black double-layer net, and the algae and the net float in the water body.
The invention is also characterized in that in the step 1, a layer of clean and disinfected fine sand is laid below the clamping net when the fiddlehead gambogum carries out asexual propagation and is used as a substrate for the climbing of the rhizoid.
The artificial culture method of the Pteridium okamuranus in Okamura can effectively improve the growth efficiency of the Pteridium okamuranus, improve the yield of products, increase the asexual reproduction capacity and have good application prospect in production and application.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be better understood, further details are provided below by way of examples.
Example 1 Effect of light irradiation on growth and vegetative reproduction of Pteridophyta okamuranus
Culturing Pteridium okamurensis with 1500lux, 2000lux, 2500lux, 3000lux and 4000lux under different illumination for 12 days at 23 deg.C for 7 hr per day. Measuring the content of chloroplast pigment before and after culture by using a 100% methanol method, recording the mass before and after treatment, the number change of new upright branches and tillering roots, measuring the content of soluble protein by using a modified Coomassie Brilliant blue method, and measuring the content of soluble sugar by using a modified phenol method.
Under the treatment of five groups of different light intensities, the quality of the treated algae with different light intensities is increased compared with that before the experiment (Table 1), the weight of the algae with 25001ux light intensity is increased to 0.649g most, the weight of the algae with the rest 1500lux, 2000lux, 3000lux and 4000lux is increased to 0.357g, 0.623, 0.435 and 0.229g respectively, the trend of increasing and reducing is shown, the number of newly-grown upright branches is the same as that with 1500L ux and 2000L ux light intensity and is 11, the number of newly-grown upright branches is 10 at 2500L ux light intensity, and is 4 at least at 3000L ux, in addition, the number of newly-grown tillering roots of the algae under the conditions of 2000L ux, 2500L ux and 3000L ux light intensity is 3, 5, 3 and 4, and the number of the newly-grown tillering roots is not too large along with the change of the light intensity.
After the pteridium okamuranus is treated under different illumination intensities, the net weight gain of the pteridium okamuranus shows the trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing along with the increase of the illumination intensity, which shows that the photosynthesis of the pteridium okamuranus is gradually weakened and the photosynthetic yield value is also gradually reduced along with the increase of the illumination intensity, and shows that the weaker light intensity of about 2000 plus 3000lux is more beneficial to the quality increase of the pteridium okamuranus. With increasing light intensity, the chlorophyll content of the algae body is changed continuously (table 2).
TABLE 1 Effect of different illumination intensities on growth and vegetative propagation of rhizoid and branch of Pteridophyta okamurana
TABLE 2 Effect of different illumination intensities on the growth status of Pteridium okamuranus
Example 2 Effect of different temperature treatments on growth and asexual reproduction of Pteridium okamuranus
Culturing Pteridium okamurensis at 20 deg.C, 22.5 deg.C, 25 deg.C, 27.5 deg.C, 30 deg.C, 32.5 deg.C and six groups of different temperatures for 15 days, maintaining salinity of 30 ‰, and illuminating with light of 2000lux, and dark treating for 7 hr per day.
As can be seen from Table 3, the mass of the fronds treated at 25 ℃ and 27.5 ℃ is increased more remarkably under six groups of different temperature treatments, the fronds treated at 25 ℃ are increased most, and the fronds treated at 20 ℃, 22.5 ℃, 30 ℃ and 32.5 ℃ are increased by 0.264g, 0.325, 0.425 and 0.209g respectively, and the newly tillered pseudoroots and the upright stems of the fronds treated at 25 ℃ and 27.5 ℃ are increased most remarkably (Table 4).
TABLE 3 Effect of different temperatures on growth and vegetative propagation of rhizoid and branches of Pteridophyta okamuranus
TABLE 4 Effect of different temperatures on the growth status of Pteridium okamuranus
Claims (6)
1. An indoor large-scale culture method of the pteridium okamuranus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting healthy caulerpa okamurana fronds without discoloration, pollution and rot, cleaning, removing impurities, and putting into a black double-layer net floating in seawater; laying a layer of clean and sterile fine sand below the clamping net during asexual propagation to serve as a matrix for the false root to climb; the density of the released Pteridium okamurense is 200-400 g/m2；
Step 2, strictly controlling environmental factors in the process of indoor large-scale culture of the pteridium okamuranus in Okamura village, wherein the environmental factors comprise water temperature, salinity, pH, illumination, light period and dark period, and the whole process of the culture process comprises inflation and running water culture;
and 3, strictly controlling the feed use in the indoor large-scale culture process of the pteridium okamuranus, wherein the feed use comprises the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate.
2. The method for indoor large-scale cultivation of Pteridium okamuranus according to claim 1, wherein the salinity range during cultivation is 20-38%, and the optimum growth salinity range is 30-35%; the temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the optimal growth temperature is 24-27 ℃; the optimal illumination intensity is 2000-3000 lux; the dark period of the culture of the pteridium okamuranus is 7-9 h, and the most suitable dark period is 8.0 +/-0.5 h.
3. The method for indoor large-scale cultivation of fiddlehead gambogic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of nitric acid in the formula of the feed during cultivation is in the range of 0-30 mg/L, the concentration of ammonium chloride is in the range of 0-25 mg/L, and the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is in the range of 0-6 mg/L.
4. The method for indoor large-scale cultivation of Pteridium okamuranus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the salinity of the most suitable vegetative propagation is 30-35 ‰, the temperature of the most suitable vegetative propagation is 24-27 deg.C, the illumination intensity of the most suitable vegetative propagation is 2000-3000lux, and the most suitable cultivation dark period of Pteridium okamuranus is 7.0 ± 0.5 h.
5. The method for indoor large-scale cultivation of caulerpa gambogic as claimed in claim 1, wherein nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are applied to the indoor plants in the vegetative propagation process of the caulerpa gambogic, the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are different from vegetative growth, the nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen are mainly applied, the concentration of the nitrogen and ammonium is 0-15 mg/L, the concentration of ammonium chloride is 0-15 mg/L, and the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0-10 mg/L.
6. The method for indoor large-scale cultivation of Pteridium okamuranus according to claim 1, wherein the salinity, pH and feed concentration of seawater during cultivation are controlled by changing water.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737897A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-01 | 深圳市蓝汀鼎执生物科技有限公司 | Long stem grape caulerpa industrial cultivating method |
| CN105594582A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-25 | 深圳市蓝汀鼎执生物科技有限公司 | Rapid cultivation method for vitis sinocinerea caulerpa reproductive shoot |
| CN105684878A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-06-22 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Artificial ecological culturing method for caulerpa lentillifera |
| CN109220769A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-18 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A method of improving long shoot grape caulerpa commodity output capacity and product quality |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737897A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-01 | 深圳市蓝汀鼎执生物科技有限公司 | Long stem grape caulerpa industrial cultivating method |
| CN105594582A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-25 | 深圳市蓝汀鼎执生物科技有限公司 | Rapid cultivation method for vitis sinocinerea caulerpa reproductive shoot |
| CN105684878A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-06-22 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Artificial ecological culturing method for caulerpa lentillifera |
| CN109220769A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-18 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A method of improving long shoot grape caulerpa commodity output capacity and product quality |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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Application publication date: 20200804 |