CN111480468A - Method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer mono Maxim - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer nikoense. The method mainly comprises the following steps: 1. cultivating large-size stock original crown seedlings: taking the treated seeds of the three gorges maple as a stock seeding material, and culturing large-size original crown seedlings through two times of transplanting; 2. transplanting original crown stock seedlings: before grafting, selecting a large-size nursery stock of an original crown tree type as a stock, and transplanting the stock in a shallow-planting and high-planting mode after pruning and wound treatment measures are taken; 3. full crown grafting: adopting a grafting method to carry out full-crown dislocation grafting on each reserved branch; 4. and (4) post management: measures of timely removing the covering bag and binding the film, trimming, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, supporting, preventing sunburn and the like are adopted in the later period to improve the survival rate and the yield. The invention provides a rapid cultivation method of large-size original crown seedlings of Acer nikoense, which is simple to operate and can be produced in large scale, aiming at the blank and the defects of the large-size original crown seedlings of Acer nikoense.

Description

Method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer mono Maxim

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of forestry, further relates to a seedling cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a rapid cultivation method of large-size acer mono original crown seedlings.

Background

Acer mono Maxim is a deciduous tree of Aceraceae, has the characteristics of beautiful tree shape, peculiar fruit shape and changeable leaf color, is a new and excellent garden local color-leaf tree species at present, and is applied to garden greening.

The Acer nikoense seedling grows slowly, and most of large-size Acer nikoense seedlings used for garden greening at present are wild resources or high-grafting head-changing grafted seedlings. The high-grafting head-changing grafting is to adopt three gorges maple or green maple with the ground diameter d of 3-7cm as a stock, the grafting is carried out in a pole cutting mode in a place about 1m away from the ground during grafting, the period from grafting to outplanting of qualified seedlings is generally more than 5 years, the tree form is mostly cluster-shaped seedlings with a plurality of main branches, the original crown seedling products are difficult to cultivate, and the survival rate of the high-grafting head-changing grafting of the stocks with the ground diameter d of more than 7cm is obviously reduced. In the area of south of Yangtze river, in spring in low-temperature rainy days, the stock sap flow amount is large, scion canker is easily caused, and the grafting survival rate is influenced. Therefore, the production and cultivation technology of the acer mono is innovative and is a technical support for accelerating the industrialization and the application of the acer mono.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of the acer mono, aiming at overcoming the technical defects of the prior art and solving the technical problems of low grafting survival rate and long outplanting time of the large-size original crown seedlings of the acer mono.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer mono Maxim comprises the following steps:

1) laminating the three gorges maple seeds at a low temperature of 4-5 ℃ for more than 40d, taking the treated three gorges maple seeds as a stock sowing material, and cultivating large-size original crown seedlings through two times of transplanting;

2) before grafting operation is carried out, selecting a large-size nursery stock of an original crown tree type as a stock, pruning, smearing tree wound smearing agents on wounds with the diameter of more than 1cm, and then transplanting according to a shallow-planting high-planting mode;

3) adopting a grafting method to carry out full-crown dislocation grafting on each reserved branch; the full-crown malposition grafting is a method for grafting each main branch on a transplanted original crown stock seedling, 3-5 scions are grafted on each branch, and the spacing between every two scions is 10-15cm to form malposition distribution;

4) during the growth process, the following management measures are carried out: removing the covering bag and the binding film, trimming, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, supporting and preventing sunburn; wherein the anti-sunburn measure comprises main rod white coating, straw winding or non-woven fabric winding.

Preferably, in step 1), the sowing time is from 2 to 3 ten days of the month, and the sowing amount is from 2.0 to 2.5kg of seeds per mu.

Preferably, in step 1), the soil preparation of the sowing requires: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, bed making and seeding, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, deep ploughing and fine crushing by using machinery, and putting 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu before tillage.

Preferably, the two times of transplanting in the step 1) comprises the steps of carrying out first transplanting when the sowed seedlings are cultivated to d2-3cm, wherein the row spacing of the transplanting is 80 × 80cm, carrying out second transplanting when the seedlings which are transplanted for the first time are cultivated to medium seedlings with d5-6cm, wherein the row spacing is 2.5 × 3.0.0 m, transplanting by adopting a full-crown framework with soil balls, and finally cultivating the full-crown seedlings with d larger than 7 cm.

Preferably, in step 1), soil preparation for the first transplantation requires: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, bedding and transplanting, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, deeply ploughing and finely crushing by using a machine, and putting 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu before tillage; soil preparation requirement of the second transplanting: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, digging holes and transplanting, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, and deeply ploughing and finely crushing by using a machine, wherein 3-5kg of organic fertilizer is placed in each hole.

Preferably, in step 2), it is integrally required: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, digging holes and transplanting, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, and deep ploughing and smashing by using a machine, wherein 20-25kg of organic fertilizer is placed in each hole;

transplanting time: transplanting is carried out when grafting is required, and transplanting is carried out for 2-3 months before germination of buds;

and (3) seedling standard: selecting original crown seedlings, wherein the d7-10cm is obtained, the height below the branches is 1-1.2m, the main stems are obvious, the branches on the main stems are uniform, and the seedlings are strong and free of diseases and insect pests;

the soil ball requirement is as follows: carrying soil balls according to 8 times of the ground diameter, wherein the soil balls are complete and not damaged, and the root section is smooth;

and (3) trimming requirements: cutting off excessive branches, wherein main branches are distributed on the upper part, the lower part and the periphery of a pole in a staggered manner, the upper and lower intervals of the main branches are 20-30cm, secondary branches left on the main branches are sparse, and 2-3 secondary branches are reserved on each main branch;

wound treatment: treating the wound formed by the root system with the length of more than 1cm and the overground part by using the tree wound smearing agent;

the planting requirement is that the method of whole-tillage land preparation, planting hole punching, fixed point hole base fertilizer application and shallow planting high cultivation is adopted, the planting density is 3 × 3m, the diameter of a circular planting hole is 100cm, the depth is 50cm, decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to each hole by 25kg, and the upper surface of a soil ball is 15-20cm higher than the ground when planting;

and (4) watering requirement: watering root fixing water according to the technical requirements of conventional seedling planting;

the supporting requirement is as follows: after watering, the nursery stock is supported in time to prevent lodging, and a triangular support method is adopted.

Preferably, in the step 3), grafting requires: grafting is carried out on the smooth surface of the outer side of a position 18-22 cm away from the main rod on a branch reserved for grafting, 3-5 scions are grafted on each branch, the interval between every two scions is 10-15cm, and bagging is respectively carried out after grafting.

Preferably, in step 4), removing the cap requires: when the scion bud grows to 4.5-5.5 cm and 4-6 leaves germinate, selecting to carry out the process in the shade or in the evening of sunny days;

binding the film: the scion is released when the scion grows horizontally and is thick;

and (3) trimming requirements: cutting off the main branch and cutting off the stock bud in time;

the pest control requirements are as follows: prevent the leaf eating pests such as flea beetle, pole-eating pests such as longicorn and grub of underground pests;

the supporting requirement is as follows: when the length of the scion sprout branches reaches 40cm, supporting the scion sprout branches;

the sun burn prevention requirement is as follows: before 7 months of the year, the main stems are coated with white and bound with straws or non-woven fabrics.

The invention provides a method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer nikoense. The method mainly comprises the following steps: 1. cultivating large-size stock original crown seedlings: taking the treated seeds of the three gorges maple as a stock seeding material, and culturing large-size original crown seedlings through two times of transplanting; 2. transplanting original crown stock seedlings: before grafting, selecting a large-size nursery stock of an original crown tree type as a stock, and transplanting the stock in a shallow-planting and high-planting mode after pruning and wound treatment measures are taken; 3. full crown grafting: adopting a grafting method to carry out full-crown dislocation grafting on each reserved branch; 4. and (4) post management: measures of timely removing the covering bag and binding the film, trimming, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, supporting, preventing sunburn and the like are adopted in the later period to improve the survival rate and the yield. The invention provides a rapid cultivation method of large-size original crown seedlings of Acer nikoense, which is simple to operate and can be produced in large scale, aiming at the blank and the defects of the large-size original crown seedlings of Acer nikoense.

The method adopts a mode of transplanting the rootstocks firstly and then grafting, and the principle is that the flowing of sap is reduced through root cutting and trimming measures adopted in the transplanting process, so that the phenomenon of the ulceration of a grafting opening caused by the large flowing of the sap of the rootstocks in early spring is reduced, and the aim of improving the survival rate is fulfilled. In addition, the method of full crown grafting of the stock original crown seedlings is adopted, so that the acer mono can realize the grafting production target of the original crown seedlings; meanwhile, the defect of slow growth of the acer mono is replaced by fully utilizing the faster production advantage of the full-crown seedlings of the acer mono, the effects of grafting for one year, forming for two years and outplanting for three years are achieved, and the production period of the seedlings of the large-size acer mono is effectively shortened. Therefore, the method solves the problems of difficult cultivation and long cultivation period of the large-size original crown seedlings of the acer mono, and can provide support for industrial application and efficient operation of the acer mono.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of total crown grafting according to the present invention;

in the figure:

1. grafting position 2, height under the branch.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Well-known structures or functions may not be described in detail in the following embodiments in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the details. Approximating language, as used herein in the following examples, may be applied to identify quantitative representations that could permissibly vary in number without resulting in a change in the basic function. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Example 1

A method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer mono Maxim comprises the following main steps: cultivating large-size stock original crown seedlings, transplanting the original crown stock seedlings, performing full crown grafting and performing later-period management.

(1) The method comprises the steps of cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of rootstocks, namely, taking the acer mono Maxim as a grafting rootstock variety, sowing seeds for 2-3 Yuehai ten days, carrying out 40d low-temperature stratification germination accelerating treatment on the seeds before sowing, wherein the sowing amount is 2.0-2.5 kg/mu, transplanting the sowed seedlings twice to finally cultivate the large-size original crown rootstock seedlings, wherein the sowing time is 11 Yuehei days to 3 Yuehei days in the next year, the specific method comprises the steps of carrying out first transplanting when the sowed seedlings are cultivated to d2-3cm, the row spacing of the transplanting is 80 × 80cm, carrying out second transplanting when the seedlings which are transplanted for the first time are cultivated to medium seedlings of d5-6cm, the row spacing is 2.5 × 3.0.0 m, and carrying out full crown skeleton with earth balls for transplanting to finally cultivate full crowns of d more than 7 cm.

Sowing seeds and preparing soil: adopts a full-tillage type soil preparation, ridging and seeding. Impurity removal is carried out before land preparation, fine crushing is carried out by deep ploughing with a machine, and 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer are placed under each mu of land before ploughing.

Sowing requirements are as follows: the seeds are subjected to 40d low-temperature stratification before sowing, and the seed consumption per mu is 2.0-2.5 kg.

The first transplanting land preparation requirement is as follows: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation ridge making transplantation. Impurity removal is carried out before land preparation, fine crushing is carried out by deep ploughing with a machine, and 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer are placed under each mu of land before ploughing.

The soil preparation requirement of the second transplanting land is as follows: adopting a full-tillage land preparation and hole digging transplantation. Before land preparation, impurities are cleaned, mechanical deep ploughing is used for fine crushing, and 3-5kg of organic fertilizer is placed in each hole.

(2) Transplanting original crown stock seedlings: selecting strong and large-sized original crown stock seedlings without diseases and insect pests to transplant before spring germination, and mainly performing soil preparation, seedling digging, pruning, wound treatment, planting, watering and supporting.

Land preparation requirement: adopting a full-tillage land preparation and hole digging transplantation. Before land preparation, impurities are cleaned, deep ploughing and smashing are carried out by a machine, and 20-25kg of organic fertilizer is placed in each hole.

Transplanting time: transplanting is carried out in grafting for 2-3 months before germination of the buds.

And (3) seedling standard: selecting original crown seedlings with d7-10cm, the height of the lower branch being 1-1.2m, the main stem is obvious, the branches on the main stem are uniform, and the seedlings are strong and free from diseases and insect pests.

The soil ball requirement is as follows: the soil balls are carried according to 8 times of the ground diameter, the soil balls are complete and not damaged, and the section of the root system is smooth.

And (3) trimming requirements: and (3) cutting off excessive branches, wherein main branches are distributed on the upper part, the lower part and the periphery of the stem in a staggered manner, the distance between the upper part and the lower part of each main branch is 20-30cm, secondary branches left on the main branches are sparse, and 2-3 secondary branches are reserved on each main branch.

Wound treatment: the wound formed by the root system with the length of more than 1cm and the overground part is treated by smearing the wound on the tree.

The planting requirement is that the method of whole-tillage land preparation, planting hole digging, fixed point hole base fertilizer application and shallow planting high cultivation is adopted, the planting density is 3 × 3m, the diameter of a circular planting hole is 100cm, the depth is 50cm, 25kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to each hole, and the upper surface of a soil ball is 15-20cm higher than the ground when the planting is carried out.

And (4) watering requirement: and (4) watering root fixing water according to the conventional seedling planting technical requirements.

The supporting requirement is as follows: after watering, the nursery stock is supported in time to prevent lodging, and a triangular support method is adopted.

(3) Full crown grafting: and performing full-crown malposition grafting on each reserved branch by adopting a grafting method.

Grafting requirement: grafting is carried out on the smooth outer surface of the position, about 20cm away from the main rod, of each branch reserved for grafting, 3-5 scions are grafted on each branch, the interval between every two scions is 10-15cm, and bagging is respectively carried out after grafting.

(4) And (4) performing later-stage management, namely removing bags and binding films, trimming, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, supporting and preventing sunburn.

Removing the bagging requirement: when the scion bud grows to about 5cm and sprouts 4-6 leaves, selecting to carry out in the shade or in the evening of sunny days.

Binding the film: the scion begins to be relieved when the scion grows in a remarkable transverse direction, so as to prevent the formation of a constriction.

And (3) trimming requirements: the main branch should be cut short and the stock bud should be cut off in time without affecting the growth of the grafted branch.

The pest control requirements are as follows: mainly prevents the harm of plant bug, stem borer, longhorn beetle, soil insect, grub and the like.

The supporting requirement is as follows: when the scion sprout branches grow to 40cm long, the scion sprout branches are supported to prevent the healed wound from being pulled apart by gravity or wind power.

The sun burn prevention requirement is as follows: before 7 months of the year of grafting, measures such as whitewashing the main stem, binding straw or non-woven fabrics and the like are carried out to prevent sunscald injury.

Example 2

A method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer mono Maxim comprises the following steps:

(1) seeding and cultivating stock seedlings: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, bed making and seeding, cleaning impurities before land preparation, and deeply ploughing fine soil by using a machine, wherein 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer is arranged below each mu of seeding land. And (3) sowing in the last ten days of 2 months to the last ten days of 3 months every year, wherein seeds are subjected to 40-d low-temperature stratification germination acceleration, the sowing mode adopts ditching and drilling, the furrow spacing is 15-20cm, and the sowing amount is 2.0-2.5 kg/mu.

(2) And (3) cultivating the seedlings in the rootstocks, namely selecting annual robust seedlings with d2-3cm and height more than 1.5m for bare-root transplanting, carrying out appropriate pruning on the roots of the bare-root seedlings before transplanting, carrying out land preparation and ridge transplanting, and clearing and finishing transplanting fields with planting row spacing of 80 × 80 cm. according to the requirements of first transplanting and land preparation.

(3) And (3) cultivating stock original crown big seedlings, namely selecting d5-6cm full crown seedlings subjected to transplanting, transplanting with soil balls, wherein the size of the soil balls is 35cm, the transplanting row spacing is 2.5 × 3.0.0 m, clearing and trimming the transplanted land according to the requirement of second transplanting and land preparation, properly trimming the overground part of the seedlings during transplanting, and trimming the branches to keep full crown skeletons.

(4) Stock original crown seedling transplantation for grafting

① selecting seedling, selecting seedling with d7-10cm, height of 1-1.2m under the branch, uniform branch distribution (uniformly distributed on the upper and lower parts and periphery of the main stem), and strong and no plant diseases and insect pests as stock.

② digging out the seedling, digging out the qualified seedling according to the soil ball 8 times of the ground diameter, digging out, and then tying the soil ball bag with a straw rope.

③ pruning to remove excessive branches, wherein the main branches are required to form staggered upper and lower layers on the branches, the distance between the main branches on the upper and lower layers is 20-30cm, the secondary branches on the main branches are sparse, and only 2-3 secondary branches are reserved on each main branch.

④ wound treatment, namely treating the wound of more than 1cm formed on the root system and the overground part of the rootstock seedling by using the tree wound smearing agent.

⑤ planting, wherein the planting is carried out by adopting a full-tillage land preparation method, a fixed-point deep hole base fertilizer application method and a shallow planting and high planting method, the land preparation requirement is the same as the land preparation requirement of the first transplanting in the cultivation of large-size original crown stock seedlings, the planting density is 3 × 3m, circular planting holes are drilled, the diameter of each hole is 100cm, the depth of each hole is 50cm, 25kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to each hole, the fertilizer is stirred in the hole before planting to enable the fertilizer to be uniformly mixed with soil, partial clean surface soil is backfilled in the hole during planting to avoid direct contact of a root system and the fertilizer soil, and the upper surface of a well-placed seedling soil ball is required to be exposed out of the ground by 15-20 cm.

⑥ watering, namely watering root fixing water according to the conventional seedling planting technical requirements, and requiring one-time thorough watering.

⑦ supporting, namely, after watering, supporting the nursery stock in time to prevent lodging, and adopting a triangular supporting method.

(5) Full crown grafting: adopts a grafting method. Grafting is carried out on the smooth outer surface of the position, about 20cm away from the main rod, of a branch reserved for grafting, a grafting knife is used for beveling an oblique cut which reaches the xylem and is slightly deeper from top to bottom and about 2.5cm long; and taking the robust scion, cutting a scion with a long side of about 2cm, a narrow side of 1.0cm and a length of 3-4cm, inserting the scion into the cut of the stock, aligning cambium layers on one side, wrapping with a film, and bagging. 3-5 scions are grafted on each branch, and the spacing between every two scions is 10-15cm, so that staggered distribution is formed.

(6) Post management measures

① removing the covering bag and the binding film, when the scion bud grows to 5cm or so and 4-6 leaves germinate, tearing the covering bag open a small opening in the shade or at the evening of sunny day to make the new branch and leaf adapt to the external environment, and removing the covering bag after 3 days.

② pruning, namely, after the scion is determined to survive, cutting off the main branch where the grafting is located after the scion is determined, wherein the cutting-off position is that the first pruning of 1.5 cm. anvil buds on the grafting opening is in the first ten days of April, the method comprises the following steps of completely pruning the grafted part and the branches germinated on the root stock below 15cm, keeping other parts strong and weak so as not to influence the growth of the grafting, keeping the main branch of the main rod free of baldness, pruning once every 20 days later, pruning 3-4 times in the last half year, and pruning inadequately after 5 months and carrying out comprehensive pruning and cleaning before leaf drop until 11 months.

③ for preventing and treating diseases and pests, after grafting, the plant diseases and pests are mainly prevented from harm of plant bug, borer, longicorn, grub, etc., and the plant diseases and pests can be specifically prevented and treated by dipterex, pyrethrin, green Velcro and phosphane in a classified mode during the period of insect pest occurrence.

④ support, after the grafting survives, when the scion sprout branches grow to 40cm long, the scion sprout branches are supported to prevent the healed wound from being pulled open due to gravity or wind power.

⑤ it is used for preventing sunscald, and the grafted trunk is likely to cause sunscald injury in the current year, and is coated with white, wound with rice straw or non-woven fabric to prevent sunscald injury.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the scope of the application of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for quickly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer mono Maxim is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) laminating the three gorges maple seeds at a low temperature of 4-5 ℃ for more than 40d, taking the treated three gorges maple seeds as a stock sowing material, and cultivating large-size original crown seedlings through two times of transplanting;

2) before grafting operation is carried out, selecting a large-size nursery stock of an original crown tree type as a stock, pruning, smearing tree wound smearing agents on wounds with the diameter of more than 1cm, and then transplanting according to a shallow-planting high-planting mode;

3) adopting a grafting method to carry out full-crown dislocation grafting on each reserved branch; the full-crown malposition grafting is a method for grafting each main branch on a transplanted original crown stock seedling, 3-5 scions are grafted on each branch, and the spacing between every two scions is 10-15cm to form malposition distribution;

4) during the growth process, the following management measures are carried out: removing the covering bag and the binding film, trimming, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, supporting and preventing sunburn; wherein the anti-sunburn measure comprises main rod white coating, straw winding or non-woven fabric winding.

2. The method for rapidly cultivating large-size original Acer mono Maxim seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the sowing time is from 2 last ten days to 3 last ten days, and the sowing amount is from 2.0 to 2.5kg seeds/mu.

3. The large-size original acer mono crown seedling rapid cultivation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the soil preparation requirement of sowing is as follows: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, bed making and seeding, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, deep ploughing and fine crushing by using machinery, and putting 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu before tillage.

4. The method for rapidly cultivating the large-size original cap seedlings of the acer mono Maxim according to claim 1, wherein the two times of transplanting in the step 1) comprise a first time of transplanting when the sowed seedlings are cultivated to d2-3cm, the row spacing of the transplanting is 80 × 80cm, a second time of transplanting when the seedlings which are transplanted for the first time are cultivated to medium seedlings which are d5-6cm, the row spacing is 2.5 × 3.0.0 m, and the seedlings with the full cap framework and the soil balls are transplanted to finally cultivate the full cap seedlings with the d larger than 7 cm.

5. The method for rapidly cultivating large-size original crown seedlings of Acer mono Maxim in claim 4, wherein in step 1), the soil preparation requirement of the first transplanting is as follows: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, bedding and transplanting, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, deeply ploughing and finely crushing by using a machine, and putting 4-5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu before tillage; soil preparation requirement of the second transplanting: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, digging holes and transplanting, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, and deeply ploughing and finely crushing by using a machine, wherein 3-5kg of organic fertilizer is placed in each hole.

6. The method for rapidly cultivating large-size original acer palmatum seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), soil preparation is required: adopting a full-tillage type soil preparation, digging holes and transplanting, cleaning impurities before soil preparation, and deep ploughing and smashing by using a machine, wherein 20-25kg of organic fertilizer is placed in each hole;

transplanting time: transplanting is carried out when grafting is required, and transplanting is carried out for 2-3 months before germination of buds;

and (3) seedling standard: selecting original crown seedlings, wherein the d7-10cm is obtained, the height below the branches is 1-1.2m, the main stems are obvious, the branches on the main stems are uniform, and the seedlings are strong and free of diseases and insect pests;

the soil ball requirement is as follows: carrying soil balls according to 8 times of the ground diameter, wherein the soil balls are complete and not damaged, and the root section is smooth;

and (3) trimming requirements: cutting off excessive branches, wherein main branches are distributed on the upper part, the lower part and the periphery of a pole in a staggered manner, the upper and lower intervals of the main branches are 20-30cm, secondary branches left on the main branches are sparse, and 2-3 secondary branches are reserved on each main branch;

wound treatment: treating the wound formed by the root system with the length of more than 1cm and the overground part by using the tree wound smearing agent;

the planting requirement is that the method of whole-tillage land preparation, planting hole punching, fixed point hole base fertilizer application and shallow planting high cultivation is adopted, the planting density is 3 × 3m, the diameter of a circular planting hole is 100cm, the depth is 50cm, decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to each hole by 25kg, and the upper surface of a soil ball is 15-20cm higher than the ground when planting;

and (4) watering requirement: watering root fixing water according to the technical requirements of conventional seedling planting;

the supporting requirement is as follows: after watering, the nursery stock is supported in time to prevent lodging, and a triangular support method is adopted.

7. The method for rapidly cultivating large-size original acer mono crown seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), grafting requirements are as follows: grafting is carried out on the smooth surface of the outer side of a position 18-22 cm away from the main rod on a branch reserved for grafting, 3-5 scions are grafted on each branch, the interval between every two scions is 10-15cm, and bagging is respectively carried out after grafting.

8. The large-size original acer mono crown seedling rapid cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the bag covering requirement is removed: when the scion bud grows to 4.5-5.5 cm and 4-6 leaves germinate, selecting to carry out the process in the shade or in the evening of sunny days;

binding the film: the scion is released when the scion grows horizontally and is thick;

and (3) trimming requirements: cutting off the main branch and cutting off the stock bud in time;

the pest control requirements are as follows: prevent the leaf eating pests such as flea beetle, pole-eating pests such as longicorn and grub of underground pests;

the supporting requirement is as follows: when the length of the scion sprout branches reaches 40cm, supporting the scion sprout branches;

the sun burn prevention requirement is as follows: before 7 months of the year, the main stems are coated with white and bound with straws or non-woven fabrics.

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