CN111470624A - An anaerobic reactor and wastewater treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic reactor and a wastewater treatment method, wherein the anaerobic reactor comprises a closed reactor outer body, a main reaction zone, a sludge settling zone, an anaerobic biological filler zone and an overflow device, wherein the main reaction zone, the sludge settling zone, the anaerobic biological filler zone and the overflow device are arranged in the reactor outer body, anaerobic sludge is filled in the main reaction zone, a plurality of anaerobic biological fillers are arranged at the anaerobic biological filler zone, and the overflow device is arranged at the rear end of the upper part in the reactor outer body. According to the anaerobic reactor, wastewater reaches an overflow device at the rear end of the upper part of the outer body of the reactor through a main reaction zone, a sludge settling zone and an anaerobic biological filler zone along the water flow direction, is finally discharged through a water outlet, the space inside the anaerobic reactor is effectively utilized through the distribution of transverse and vertical spaces, different functional zones are arranged in different zones in the water flow direction, the residence time of suspended matters and grease in the wastewater in the reactor is prolonged, the suspended matters and the grease in the inlet water are subjected to sufficient anaerobic degradation, and the wastewater treatment effect is improved.

Description

An anaerobic reactor and wastewater treatment method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an anaerobic reactor and a wastewater treatment method.

Background technique

In the process of industrial production or animal husbandry production, a large amount of wastewater needs to be treated, some of which are wastewater containing high suspended solids and high grease, such as centralized pig farms, cheese and dairy product processing, starch processing, soy product processing, etc. field. At present, domestic pretreatment is generally adopted to remove suspended solids and grease, and then conventional anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment are carried out to meet the discharge requirements or return to the field after the biogas slurry is stored and stabilized.

Among them, in the pretreatment process, due to the addition of a large amount of coagulants and flocculants, not only the treatment cost is high, but also the metal and organic pollution in the wastewater is increased, and the generated sludge needs to be treated and disposed of.

In addition, the anaerobic treatment process is essentially a series of complex biochemical reactions, in which the substrates, various intermediate products, final products and various groups of anaerobic microorganisms interact to form a complex anaerobic micro-ecosystem. Similar to the food chain relationship in macroecology, various microorganisms form a symbiotic relationship or co-trophic relationship through nutrient substrates and metabolites. The reactor is a micro-ecosystem that provides the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. The stable growth of various anaerobic microorganisms, the exchange of materials and energy, and the efficient cooperation of hydraulic mixing conditions are the necessary conditions to maintain the continuous and stable operation of the system and achieve the treatment effect. At present, the commonly used high-speed anaerobic processes and reactor forms mainly include UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge bed) reactor, EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) reactor, IC (internal circulation anaerobic reactor), ABR ( These reactors, especially the most commonly used EGSB and IC anaerobic reactors, are all anaerobic reactors based on granular sludge. Concentration and wastewater type are highly dependent.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an anaerobic reactor and a wastewater treatment method, which can improve the wastewater treatment effect.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, an anaerobic reactor is provided, comprising:

A closed outer body of the reactor, the bottom front end of the outer body of the reactor is provided with a water inlet, and the top of the outer body of the reactor is provided with a biogas outlet;

The main reaction zone and the sludge settling zone are located at the bottom of the outer body of the reactor, a baffle plate is arranged between the main reaction zone and the sludge settling zone, the main reaction zone is connected to the water inlet, and the main reaction zone is Filled with anaerobic sludge;

an anaerobic biological filler zone, arranged above the main reaction zone and the sludge settling zone, and a plurality of anaerobic biological fillers are arranged at the anaerobic biological filler zone; and

The overflow device is arranged at the upper rear end of the outer body of the reactor, the overflow device is above the anaerobic biological filler zone, and the overflow device is provided with a water outlet.

Beneficial effects: In this anaerobic reactor, the wastewater enters the main reaction zone from the water inlet, and the anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic sludge in the main reaction zone degrade the organic pollutants in the wastewater to generate biogas, which rises to the biogas outlet, The anaerobic sludge in the sludge settling zone deeply degrades the organic pollutants in the wastewater, the wastewater passes upward through the anaerobic biological filler zone, and the anaerobic microorganisms attached to the anaerobic biological filler zone further degrade the organic pollutants, and the wastewater flows along the water flow. The direction passes through the main reaction zone, the sludge settling zone and the anaerobic biological filler zone to the overflow device at the upper rear end of the outer body of the reactor, and finally discharges through the drain. The anaerobic reactor effectively utilizes the space inside the anaerobic reactor through the distribution of horizontal and vertical spaces, and sets up different functional areas in different areas of the water flow direction to improve the residence time of suspended solids and grease in the wastewater in the reactor. Sufficient anaerobic degradation of the suspended solids and grease in the influent, thereby improving the wastewater treatment effect, eliminating the need for pretreatment to remove suspended solids and grease, and reducing the dependence on the type of wastewater.

According to the anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the anaerobic biological filler is a membrane structure, the anaerobic biological filler is arranged vertically, and each of the anaerobic biological fillers is along the water flow direction from the front end to the The backend is distributed horizontally. The anaerobic biological filler adopts a vertical membrane structure, which can increase the attachment area of anaerobic microorganisms and improve the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.

According to the anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a sludge propeller is provided at a position close to the main reaction zone in the sludge settling zone. The anaerobic sludge flows to the rear end under the action of the sludge propeller, which prevents the anaerobic sludge from depositing at the front end of the sludge settling zone and ensures that the anaerobic sludge in the sludge settling zone is evenly distributed.

The anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention further includes a circulation system, the circulation system includes a circulation water pipe, one end of the circulation water pipe is connected to the overflow device, and the other end is connected to the water inlet, A first water pump is provided on the circulating water pipe. The newly introduced wastewater is mixed with the treated wastewater, which can reduce the consumption of chemicals required to adjust the pH of the influent water.

According to the anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the circulation system further comprises a circulating mud water pipe, one end of the circulating mud water pipe is connected to the sludge settling zone, and the other end is connected to the water inlet, A second water pump is arranged on the circulating mud water pipe. Pumping part of the anaerobic sludge from the sludge settling zone to the main reaction zone is beneficial to increase the concentration of the anaerobic sludge in the main reaction zone and maintain the mixing strength of the mud and water in the main reaction zone.

According to the anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the outer body of the reactor includes a coverless shell and a membrane cover provided on the top of the coverless shell, and the membrane cover includes several layers of membranes, There is a counterweight on the membrane cover, a rainwater collection hole is arranged on the membrane cover, and a rainwater separation device is arranged at the rainwater collection hole, and the rainwater separation device is used to introduce the accumulated water on the top of the membrane cover into the reactor Inside and outside. The outer body of the reactor is sealed by the membrane cover, and the rainwater on the membrane cover can enter the inside of the outer body of the reactor through the rainwater separation device to prevent water accumulation.

According to the anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the film cover comprises a bottom film, a thermal insulation film and a high-strength film with anti-ultraviolet rays, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The three layers of film that make up the film cover, each layer of film is made of different materials, under the comprehensive action of each layer of film, the film cover has the functions of heat insulation, UV protection, high strength and so on.

According to the anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the biogas outlet is provided at a position close to the connection between the membrane cover and the coverless shell, and a suction fan is provided at the biogas outlet, and the suction fan is used to extract the gas. Inhale biogas and collect it for use.

According to the anaerobic reactor according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the rainwater separation device includes a separation pipe, the separation pipe is inclined, and the separation pipe passes through the membrane cover and communicates with the inside of the outer body of the reactor , the bottom of the separation pipe is sealed, and the side surface just above the bottom of the separation pipe is provided with a number of through holes. The rainwater on the top of the membrane cover enters the separation pipe and enters the outer body of the reactor through the through holes on the side, but the internal biogas cannot overflow from the separation pipe to the outside world.

According to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a wastewater treatment method is provided. Using the above-mentioned anaerobic reactor, the wastewater enters the main reaction zone from the water inlet at the front end of the bottom of the outer body of the reactor, and is fully mixed with the anaerobic sludge. The anaerobic microorganisms in the oxygen sludge degrade the organic pollutants in the wastewater, generate biogas, the biogas rises, and the biogas is collected and utilized through the biogas outlet. Part of the anaerobic sludge settles into the sludge under the action of biogas disturbance and water flow. The sedimentation zone deeply degrades the organic pollutants in the wastewater. The wastewater passes upward through the anaerobic biological filler zone, where anaerobic microorganisms are attached to the anaerobic biological filler zone to further degrade the organic pollutants. The mud settling zone and the anaerobic biological filler zone reach the overflow device at the upper rear end of the outer body of the reactor, and are discharged through the drain.

Beneficial effect: In this wastewater treatment method, the wastewater passes through different functional areas horizontally and vertically along the water flow direction, which increases the residence time of the suspended solids and grease in the wastewater in the reactor, and makes the suspended solids and grease in the influent water fully exhausted. Oxygen degradation, thereby improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the separation pipe of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the simple soil pit type anaerobic reactor of the embodiment of the present invention;

Reference numerals: reactor outer body 10, water inlet 11, main reaction zone 20, baffle plate 21, sludge settling zone 30, anaerobic biological filler zone 40, anaerobic biological filler 41, overflow 50, water outlet 51 , sludge propeller 60, circulating water pipe 71, first water pump 72, circulating mud water pipe 73, second water pump 74, branch pipe 75, circulating main pipe 76, mud water discharge pipe 77, membrane cover 80, exhaust fan 81, separation pipe 82 , a through hole 83 , and a double-layer impermeable membrane 90 .

Detailed ways

This part will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. Each technical feature and overall technical solution of the invention should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth description, such as the azimuth or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the azimuth or position relationship shown in the drawings, only In order to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, it is not indicated or implied that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including this number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including this number. If it is described that the first and the second are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or indicating the number of the indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features. relation.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as setting, installation, connection should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

1, an anaerobic reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a closed outer body 10 of the reactor, a main reaction zone 20, a sludge settling zone 30, an anaerobic biological filler zone 40, an overflow zone 20 and a flow device 50. The front end of the bottom of the outer body of the reactor 10 is provided with a water inlet 11, the direction of water flow is from the front end to the rear end, and the top of the outer body of the reactor 10 is provided with a biogas outlet; the main reaction zone 20 and the sludge settling zone 30 are provided outside the reactor. At the bottom of the body 10, a baffle plate 21 is provided between the main reaction zone 20 and the sludge settling zone 30, the main reaction zone 20 is connected to the water inlet 11, and the main reaction zone 20 is filled with anaerobic sludge; the anaerobic biological filler zone 40 is arranged above the main reaction zone 20 and the sludge settling zone 30, and several anaerobic biological fillers 41 are arranged at the anaerobic biological filler zone 40; the overflow device 50 is arranged at the upper rear end of the outer body 10 of the reactor, overflowing The flow device 50 is above the anaerobic biological filler zone 40 , and the overflow device 50 is provided with a water outlet 51 .

In the anaerobic reactor of this embodiment, the wastewater enters the main reaction zone 20 from the water inlet 11, and the anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic sludge in the main reaction zone 20 degrade the organic pollutants in the wastewater to generate biogas, and the biogas rises to The biogas outlet collects and utilizes biogas through the biogas outlet; the rise of biogas generates disturbance, which drives part of the anaerobic sludge to rise and move forward along the direction of the water flow. In the sedimentation zone 30, the disturbance effect of the biogas is small, and part of the anaerobic sludge gradually settles in the sludge sedimentation zone 30. The anaerobic sludge in the sludge sedimentation zone 30 deeply degrades the organic pollutants in the wastewater, mainly The anaerobic sludge in the reaction zone 20 and the sludge settling zone 30 is mainly free anaerobic flocculent sludge; under the action of biogas disturbance, part of the anaerobic sludge rises and adheres to the anaerobic biological filler zone 40, and the waste water The anaerobic microorganisms attached to the anaerobic biological packing zone 40 further degrade the organic pollutants by passing upward through the anaerobic biological packing zone 40 . The main reaction zone 20, the sludge settling zone 30 and the anaerobic biological filler zone 40 form an organic anaerobic ecosystem with free flocculent anaerobic sludge and attached anaerobic biological sludge as the core. The waste water passes through the main reaction zone 20 , the sludge settling zone 30 and the anaerobic biological filler zone 40 along the water flow direction to the overflow 50 at the upper rear end of the outer body 10 of the reactor, and is finally discharged through the drain port 51 .

The anaerobic reactor effectively utilizes the space inside the anaerobic reactor through the distribution of horizontal and vertical spaces, and sets up different functional areas in different areas of the water flow direction to improve the residence time of suspended solids and grease in the wastewater in the reactor. The suspended solids and grease in the influent can be fully degraded anaerobic, thereby improving the wastewater treatment effect, and no pretreatment is required to remove the suspended solids and grease.

The sludge settles to the sludge settling zone 30, which avoids the sludge loss caused by the poor separation effect of the existing high-speed anaerobic reactor using the three-phase separator.

Anaerobic microorganisms degrade organic pollutants to produce scum floating on the water surface, forming a scum layer. The drain port 51 is connected to a drain pipe to drain water.

In this embodiment, the anaerobic biological filler 41 is a membrane structure, the anaerobic biological filler 41 is arranged vertically, and each anaerobic biological filler 41 is horizontally distributed from the front end to the rear end along the water flow direction. The anaerobic biological filler 41 adopts a vertically arranged membrane structure, which can increase the attachment area of anaerobic microorganisms and improve the degradation of organic pollutants in the wastewater. The horizontal distribution of the anaerobic biological fillers 41 can ensure that the wastewater must be The overflow 50 can only be reached through the anaerobic biological packing zone 40 .

In the sludge settling zone 30, a position close to the main reaction zone 20 (ie, the front end of the sludge settling zone 30) is provided with a sludge propeller 60. Specifically, the sludge propeller 60 may use a propeller. The anaerobic sludge flows to the rear end under the action of the sludge propeller 60 , preventing the anaerobic sludge from depositing at the front end of the sludge settling zone 30 and ensuring that the anaerobic sludge in the sludge settling zone 30 is evenly distributed.

The anaerobic reactor of this embodiment also includes a circulation system, the circulation system includes a circulation water pipe 71, one end of the circulation water pipe 71 is connected to the overflow 50, the other end is connected to the water inlet 11, and the circulation water pipe 71 is provided with a first water pump 72. The supernatant in the outer body 10 of the reactor, that is, the treated waste water, passes through the overflow device 50, and the overflow device 50 plays a distribution role, a part is discharged through the water outlet 51, and the other part enters the main reaction from the water inlet 11 through the circulating water pipe 71. Zone 20, mix with the newly introduced wastewater, make full use of the alkalinity of the treated wastewater, and adjust the pH of the newly introduced wastewater so that the wastewater is within a suitable pH range, which is conducive to the degradation of anaerobic microorganisms.

Further, the circulation system further includes a circulating mud water pipe 73 , one end of which is connected to the sludge settling zone 30 , and the other end is connected to the water inlet 11 . The circulating mud water pipe 73 is provided with a second water pump 74 . Pumping part of the anaerobic sludge from the sludge settling zone 30 to the main reaction zone 20 is beneficial to increase the concentration of the anaerobic sludge in the main reaction zone 20 . The circulating mud water pipe 73 is connected with a plurality of branch pipes 75, and the plurality of branch pipes 75 are connected to a plurality of positions in the sludge settling zone 30, and the anaerobic sludge is sucked from a plurality of positions in the sludge settling zone 30 to avoid the sludge settling zone 30. The uneven distribution of anaerobic sludge results in different degrees of anaerobic reaction at different locations.

The circulation system includes waste water circulation and sludge circulation, which can reduce the consumption of chemicals required to adjust the pH of the influent water and maintain the mixing strength of the mud and water in the main reaction zone 20 . In this embodiment, the circulating water pipe 71 and the circulating mud water pipe 73 are convergently connected to the circulating main pipe 76, the circulating main pipe 76 is connected to the water inlet 11, and the circulating main pipe 76 is also connected with a muddy water discharge pipe 77, through which the muddy water can be discharged Anaerobic sludge.

In some of these embodiments, the reactor outer body 10 includes a coverless shell and a membrane cover 80 disposed on the top of the coverless shell. The membrane cover 80 includes several layers of membranes. The membrane cover 80 is provided with weights. The membrane cover The rainwater collection hole is provided on the rainwater collection hole, and the rainwater collection hole is provided with a rainwater separation device. The outer body 10 of the reactor is sealed by the membrane cover 80, and the rainwater on the membrane cover 80 can enter the inside of the outer body 10 of the reactor through the rainwater separation device to prevent water accumulation.

Wherein, the film cover 80 includes a bottom film, a heat insulation film and a high-strength film with anti-ultraviolet rays, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. Under the action of counterweight, the bottom film is in contact with the water surface, and the bottom film can be made of HDPE material, that is, high-density polyethylene; the thermal insulation film plays the role of heat insulation, and foam can be used to prevent heat dissipation and maintain a suitable temperature inside. It is beneficial to the degradation of anaerobic microorganisms; the high-strength membrane has high strength and is located in the outermost layer, which plays a role in sealing and protection, and is anti-ultraviolet to prevent ultraviolet radiation from killing anaerobic microorganisms. XR-5 membrane can be used for high-strength membranes. The film cover 80 is composed of three layers of films, and each layer of film is made of different materials. Under the comprehensive action of each layer of film, the film cover 80 has functions such as heat insulation, UV protection, and high strength.

The biogas outlet is located near the position where the membrane cover 80 is connected to the coverless casing, and a suction fan 81 is provided at the biogas outlet. Under the action of the counterweight, most of the middle part of the membrane cover 80 is in contact with the water surface, and the position connected to the coverless casing around it bulges. The bulging space is the space for biogas storage. To facilitate collection and utilization, the biogas can be extracted by starting the exhaust fan 81.

2 , in this embodiment, the rainwater separation device includes a separation pipe 82 , the separation pipe 82 is arranged obliquely, the separation pipe 82 passes through the membrane cover 80 and communicates with the inside of the outer body 10 of the reactor, the bottom of the separation pipe 82 is sealed, and the separation pipe A number of through holes 83 are provided on the side surface just above the bottom seal of 82 . The rainwater on the top of the membrane cover 80 enters the separation pipe 82 and enters the outer body 10 of the reactor through the through holes 83 on the side, but the internal biogas cannot escape from the separation pipe 82 to the outside.

Since the bottom seal and the through hole 83 are provided on the side just above the seal, the biogas rises vertically under the action of buoyancy in the water, so it will not enter the separation pipe 82, and the internal biogas cannot leak from the separation pipe 82 to the outside. The rainwater separation device is located in the middle. Under the action of the counterweight and the negative pressure of the exhaust fan 81 , the middle of the membrane cover 80 sticks to the water surface in a large area, which can prevent the membrane cover 80 from bulging and causing the biogas to enter the separation pipe 82 . Pipes can be used for the counterweight to press the membrane cover 80 .

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a waste water treatment method. Using the above-mentioned anaerobic reactor, the waste water enters the main reaction zone 20 from the water inlet 11 at the front end of the bottom of the outer body 10 of the reactor, and is fully mixed with the anaerobic sludge. The anaerobic microorganisms in the mud degrade the organic pollutants in the wastewater, generate biogas, the biogas rises, and the biogas is collected and utilized through the biogas outlet. Part of the anaerobic sludge settles into the sludge settlement area under the action of biogas disturbance and water flow. 30. Deeply degrade the organic pollutants in the wastewater, the wastewater passes upward through the anaerobic biological filler zone 40, and the anaerobic biological filler zone 40 is attached to anaerobic microorganisms to further degrade the organic pollutants, and the wastewater passes through the main reaction zone 20 along the water flow direction. , the sludge settling zone 30 and the anaerobic biological filler zone 40 reach the overflow 50 at the upper rear end of the outer body 10 of the reactor, and are discharged through the water outlet 51 .

In the wastewater treatment method of this embodiment, the wastewater passes through different functional areas in the horizontal and vertical directions along the water flow direction, so as to increase the residence time of the suspended matter and grease in the wastewater in the reactor, so that the suspended matter and grease in the influent can be fully depleted. Oxygen degradation, thereby improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

The anaerobic reactor and the wastewater treatment method of the present embodiment solve the problem that the wastewater containing high suspended solids, high grease, and high organic concentration needs to be pretreated currently in the field of wastewater treatment, and solve the existing common anaerobic reaction The device is dependent on the sewage influent concentration, granular sludge, operating temperature (35-38°C), pH adaptation range (6.6-7.8) and the characteristics of wastewater, and can treat any wastewater that relies on anaerobic biodegradation.

This anaerobic reactor, the conventional design aspect ratio is 2:1～3:1, the design water depth is 9m, the reactor design operating temperature is 25～40℃, and the design volume load is 0.5～3kgCOD/(m ³ ·d), which can process The pH of the influent water is 4 to 11, the concentration of COD is 3000 to 300000 mg/L, and the content of suspended solids in the influent water is 100 to 100000 mg/L. It can directly enter the anaerobic reactor without pretreatment and dilution of the influent water. The higher the influent COD concentration, the higher the volumetric load. The form of the overall reactor can be a complete civil structure or a steel tank structure, or a simple earth pit type anti-seepage structure with concrete walls around it. Referring to Fig. 3, for the structure of simple soil pit type anti-seepage and concrete walls around it, the bottom and the surrounding of the outer body 10 of the reactor are provided with a double-layer anti-seepage membrane 90 (HDPE+ high-strength anti-seepage membrane), and the double-layer anti-seepage membrane 90 Extending to the top, it is connected to the membrane cover 80 to form a closure, thereby forming a closed anaerobic reactor system.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the technical field, various modifications can be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention. kind of change.

Claims (10)

1. An anaerobic reactor, comprising:

the device comprises a closed reactor outer body, wherein the front end of the bottom of the reactor outer body is provided with a water inlet, and the top of the reactor outer body is provided with a methane outlet;

the main reaction zone and the sludge settling zone are arranged at the bottom inside the outer body of the reactor, a baffle is arranged between the main reaction zone and the sludge settling zone, the main reaction zone is connected with a water inlet, and anaerobic sludge is filled in the main reaction zone;

the anaerobic biological filler area is arranged above the main reaction area and the sludge settling area, and a plurality of anaerobic biological fillers are arranged at the anaerobic biological filler area; and

the overflow device is arranged at the rear end of the upper part in the reactor outer body and is arranged above the anaerobic biological filler area, and a water outlet is arranged on the overflow device.

2. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anaerobic biological filler is of a film structure, the anaerobic biological filler is vertically arranged, and each anaerobic biological filler is horizontally distributed from the front end to the rear end along the water flow direction.

3. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a sludge propeller is arranged in the sludge settling zone and close to the main reaction zone.

4. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include circulation system, circulation system includes circulating pipe, circulating pipe's one end is connected the overflow ware, the other end is connected the water inlet, the last first water pump that is equipped with of circulating pipe.

5. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: the circulating system further comprises a circulating mud water pipe, one end of the circulating mud water pipe is connected with the sludge settling area, the other end of the circulating mud water pipe is connected with the water inlet, and a second water pump is arranged on the circulating mud water pipe.

6. An anaerobic reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the reactor outer body comprises a cover-free shell and a membrane cover arranged at the top of the cover-free shell, the membrane cover comprises a plurality of membranes, a balance weight is arranged on the membrane cover, a rainwater collecting hole is formed in the membrane cover, a rainwater separating device is arranged at the rainwater collecting hole and used for guiding accumulated water at the top of the membrane cover into the reactor outer body.

7. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: the membrane lid includes the basement membrane, thermal-insulated heat preservation membrane and the ultraviolet resistance's that from the bottom up set gradually high strength membrane, the basement membrane contacts with the surface of water.

8. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: the biogas outlet is arranged at a position close to the connection position of the membrane cover and the uncovered shell, and an exhaust fan is arranged at the biogas outlet.

9. An anaerobic reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: the rainwater separation device comprises a separation pipe, the separation pipe is obliquely arranged, the separation pipe penetrates through the membrane cover and the inner part of the reactor outer body, the bottom of the separation pipe is sealed, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side surface right above the bottom seal of the separation pipe.

10. A method for treating wastewater, which is characterized in that: the anaerobic reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein wastewater enters the main reaction zone from a water inlet at the front end of the bottom of the outer body of the reactor and is fully mixed with anaerobic sludge, anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic sludge degrade organic pollutants in the wastewater to generate biogas, the biogas rises and is collected and utilized through a biogas outlet, part of the anaerobic sludge is settled in a sludge settling zone under the action of biogas disturbance and water flow to deeply degrade the organic pollutants in the wastewater, the wastewater passes through the anaerobic biological filler zone upwards, anaerobic microorganisms are attached to the anaerobic biological filler zone to further degrade the organic pollutants, and the wastewater passes through the main reaction zone, the sludge settling zone and the anaerobic biological filler zone along the water flow direction to reach an overflow device at the rear end of the upper part of the outer body of the reactor and is discharged through a water outlet.

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