CN111459830A - Test case generation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a test case generation method and a test case generation device, which relate to the technical field of testing and comprise the following steps: obtaining a semantic network database; the semantic network database comprises sentences and case description data; each statement and at least one case description data form a mapping relation; the statement comprises business term data and predicate relation data; determining at least one data combination according to the statement and business term data and the predicate relation data; each data combination comprises one or more sentences, and for any one of the plurality of sentences, at least one sentence in the plurality of sentences comprises the same business term data as any one sentence; a plurality of test cases are generated from each data combination and the case description data. The invention can automatically generate the test case based on the semantic network database, improves the generation efficiency of the test case, can obtain more complete test cases, and further can improve the test sufficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to a test case generation method and device.
Background
Test case design is an important behavioral activity in software testing. The sufficiency of the test case is of great significance to whether the system is high quality delivery. At present, in the design work of functional test cases, the test cases are designed manually based on natural language, the method is not only low in efficiency, but also easy to cause incomplete test cases due to the capability difference of designers, and insufficient in test sufficiency, so that important software quality defects cannot be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test case generation method and device, which can effectively improve the efficiency of generating test cases, obtain more complete test cases and improve the test sufficiency so as to find out the software quality defects in time.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a test case generation method, where the method includes: obtaining a semantic network database; the semantic network database comprises statements and case description data; each statement forms a mapping relation with at least one case description data; the statement comprises business term data and predicate relation data; determining at least one data combination from the statement and the business term data and the predicate relationship data; each of the data combinations includes one or more sentences, and for any one of the plurality of sentences, there is at least one sentence in the plurality of sentences that includes the same business term data as the any one sentence; and generating a plurality of test cases according to each data combination and the case description data.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a test case generating apparatus, where the apparatus includes: the acquisition module is used for acquiring a semantic network database; the semantic network database comprises statements and case description data; each statement forms a mapping relation with at least one case description data; the statement comprises business term data and predicate relation data; a determining module for determining at least one data combination from the statement and the business term data and the predicate relationship data; each of the data combinations includes one or more sentences, and for any one of the plurality of sentences, there is at least one sentence in the plurality of sentences that includes the same business term data as the any one sentence; and the case generation module is used for generating a plurality of test cases according to each data combination and the case description data.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program operable on the processor, and the processor implements the test case generation method when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable medium having a non-volatile program code executable by a processor, where the program code causes the processor to execute the above test case generation method.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the invention provides a test case generation scheme, which obtains sentences and case description data by acquiring a semantic network database, wherein each sentence and at least one case description data form a mapping relation, the sentences comprise business term data and predicate relation data, then at least one data combination is determined according to the sentences, the business term data and the predicate relation data, each data combination comprises one or more sentences, and for any one of the sentences, at least one sentence exists in the sentences and comprises the same business term data as any one sentence; the business term data in each data combination has direct or indirect interrelation, and the semantic network database comprises mapping relation between sentences and case description data, so that more complete test cases can be generated according to the data combination and the case description data. The embodiment of the invention can automatically generate the test case based on the semantic network database, improves the generation efficiency of the test case, can obtain more complete test cases, and further can improve the test sufficiency.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a test case generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a test case generation method according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a test case generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another test case generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, the first existing test case generation method generates a test case by constructing a model of software to be tested, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
1. establishing a general software ontology model;
2. instantiating a model of software to be tested, and performing formal expression of an ontology by using an ontology editor prot g e (ontology software, which provides an ontology concept class, relationship, attribute and example construction and shields a specific ontology description language, and a user only needs to construct a domain ontology model on a concept level) based on OW L (a network ontology language for performing semantic description on the ontology);
3. establishing a Rule conforming to business logic, and expressing the Rule by using SWR L (Semantic Web Rule L algorithm, which is a language for presenting the Rule in a Semantic way), wherein the Rule part concept of the SWR L is evolved from Rule M L (Rule machine L earning, machine learning Rule), and is formed by combining with an OW L ontology;
4. converting the OW L body into a Jess (rule engine on a Java platform) fact, and generating a test case by using the SWR L rule Jess rule and the Jess fact;
5. use cases are input, and a script language is generated based on a script of Jena (related applications used to support the semantic Web).
The second existing test case generation method generates a test case by processing a software specification, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
1. formalizing specification specifications by adopting a Z language (a normalized language which uses 'mathematical words' or 'mathematical symbols' to describe a computer system and only describes the functions of a target software system);
2. dividing predicates of the modes in the specification into a plurality of sub-modes;
3. determining effective test data of the variables to be determined in each sub-mode;
4. and generating a test case.
In the second test case generation method, firstly, a requirement specification is subjected to Z language formal expression, the formal grammatical expression is generally based on set theory, mathematical logic or algebra, and has high requirements on technical thresholds of writers.
Based on this, the test case generation method and the test case generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention can generate the test case through the requirement specification written by business personnel based on the natural language, do not need to use a large amount of training data sets, can more accurately describe business logic and limitation by using a main body theory, and can improve the sufficiency and the generation efficiency of the semi-structured natural language generation test case processed based on the requirement specification. The method is more targeted and can be applied to a test case design analysis method of a financial system.
To facilitate understanding of the embodiment, a detailed description is first given of a test case generation method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a test case generation method, which is shown in a flow chart of the test case generation method shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step S102, a semantic network database is obtained.
In an embodiment of the invention, the semantic web database is used to store statement and case description data. Wherein the statements are determined by business term data and predicate relationship data. Each statement forms a mapping with at least one case description data.
The service term data is used to describe term information commonly used in a certain service field. For example, for a banking system, the business term statement may include information such as transfer balance, account name, input fields, and value of the amount. The predicate relationship data is used to describe the relationship between business term data, for example, the predicate relationship data may include "greater than", "less than", "yes", "no", "and", "or" and "not", etc. Statements are used to describe predicate relationships between business term data, e.g., a statement may be: the 'transfer balance is more than 5 ten thousand yuan', wherein the 'transfer balance' and the '5 ten thousand yuan' are business term data, and the 'more than' is predicate relation data. A statement may also describe various predicate relationships between multiple business term data. The case description statement is test case summary information generated in advance based on statements in the semantic network database and used for describing the content and the result of test case execution. For example, case description data corresponding to the statement "transfer balance greater than 5 ten thousand dollars" may be: "when the transfer balance is more than 5 ten thousand yuan, the information a is displayed", or, the corresponding case description data may be: and when the transfer balance is less than 5 ten thousand yuan, displaying the information B, and the like. Each statement may correspond to a plurality of case description data, forming a one-to-many mapping.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, relevant personnel may test relevant business term data and predicate relationships between the business term data in advance according to definitions, and after determining statements, establish a mapping relationship between terms and case description data to obtain a semantic network database.
And step S104, determining at least one data combination according to the statement, the business term data and the predicate relation data.
In the embodiment of the invention, each statement in the semantic network database comprises business term data and predicate relation between the business term data. The data combination may include only one statement and predicate relationship data between the business term data in the statement, or may include multiple statements and predicate relationship data between the business term data in the multiple statements.
Each data combination includes one or more sentences, and for any one of the plurality of sentences, there is at least one sentence in the plurality of sentences that includes the same business term data as any one sentence. For example, for a data combination, it includes statement 1: a or B, statement 2: b and C, statement 3: c is not D, statement 4: a is greater than E. For statement 1, both existence statement 4 and statement 1 include business term data a, and both existence statement 2 and statement 1 include business term data B.
And S106, generating a plurality of test cases according to each data combination and the case description data.
In the embodiment of the invention, each data combination is logically expanded, the mutual relation among the business term data in the data combination is described according to the expansion result, each statement forms a mapping relation with at least one case description data, and a plurality of test cases can be generated according to the mutual relation among the business term data in the data combination.
The embodiment of the invention provides a test case generation scheme, which obtains sentences and case description data by acquiring a semantic network database, wherein each sentence and at least one case description data form a mapping relation, the sentences comprise business term data and predicate relation data, then at least one data combination is determined according to the sentences, the business term data and the predicate relation data, each data combination comprises one or more sentences, and for any one of the sentences, at least one sentence exists in the sentences and comprises the same business term data as any one sentence; the business term data in each data combination has direct or indirect interrelation, and the semantic network database comprises mapping relation between sentences and case description data, so that more complete test cases can be generated according to the data combination and the case description data. The embodiment of the invention can automatically generate the test case based on the semantic network database, improves the generation efficiency of the test case, can obtain more complete test cases, and further can improve the test sufficiency.
In order to reduce the technical threshold requirement on the writer, the following steps can be executed before the semantic network database is acquired:
acquiring an initial semantic network database; the initial semantic network database is generated according to the natural language; and performing formal processing on the initial semantic network database by using an extensible markup language to obtain the semantic network database.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the initial semantic network database may be generated by using a natural language based on the specification of the requirement specification, and for the convenience of computer identification, the initial semantic network database is formally processed by using an Extensible Markup language (XM L), so that the initial semantic network database in the form of XM L may be obtained, that is, the semantic network database is obtained.
Considering that at least one data combination is determined according to statement and business term data and predicate relation data in order to improve processing efficiency, the following steps can be performed:
adding a statement including the same business term data to the same first packet; and determining the predicate relation among the business term data in the first group according to the predicate relation data to obtain a data combination.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if different statements include the same business term data, such statements may be added to the same first group, and a predicate relationship between business term data in the first group is determined according to predicate relationship data between business term data in the statements, so as to obtain a data combination.
For example, for statement 1: a or B, statement 2: b and C, statement 3: c is not D, statement 4: a is greater than E, statement 5: m is smaller than N, wherein both statement 1 and statement 2 contain business term data B, then statement 1 and statement 2 can be used as a data combination, both statement 2 and statement 3 contain business term data C, statement 3 can be added into the combination of statement 2, both statement 4 and statement 1 contain business term data A, then statement 4 can be added into the combination of statement 1, statement 5 does not have the same business term data as the remaining four statements, and then statement 5 can obtain a data combination alone. Therefore, from statement 1 to statement 5, two data combinations can be obtained, the first data combination includes statement 1 to statement 4, business term data A, B, C, D, E, and predicate relationship terms between the business term data.
In consideration of increasing the richness of the test cases and further increasing the sufficiency of the test, the method for generating a plurality of test cases according to each data combination and the case description data can be performed according to the following steps:
generating an disjunctive normal form or a conjunctive normal form according to each data combination; and generating a plurality of test cases according to the disjunctive normal form and the case description data, or generating a plurality of test cases according to the conjunctive normal form and the case description data.
In the embodiment of the present invention, an disjunctive form composed of a finite number of simple conjunctions is referred to as a disjunctive normal form. Conjuncts composed of a finite number of simple disjuncts are called conjunct normal forms. And determining that the mutual relation is a disjunctive normal form or a conjunctive normal form according to the business term data and the predicate relation data of each statement in the data combination, and then respectively combining the disjunctive normal form or the conjunctive normal form with the case description data to obtain a plurality of test cases.
For example, for statement 6: w is greater than X, statement 7: x is Q, the sentence 6 corresponds to the case description data 1 and the case description data 2, the sentence 7 corresponds to the case description data 3 and the case description data 4, the sentence 6 and the sentence 7 can generate the data combination 1, and the data combination 1 is logically expanded, for example, (W is greater than X) and (X is Q) are obtained, then the case description data 1 to 4 can be combined, for example, the case description data 1 and the case description 3, the case description data 2 and the case description 3, the case description data 1 and the case description 4, the case description data 2 and the case description 3, and the test case is generated according to the obtained case description data combination.
The embodiment of the invention provides a test case generation method or a test case generation device, and refers to a flow chart of the test case generation method shown in FIG. 2.
The semantic network database is obtained through natural language, the semantic tree is generated according to the semantic network database, logic is clear, the problems of uncertainty and unrepeatability of deep learning and other methods are solved, the problem of strict logic requirements is more applicable, and a text test set is generated through logic expansion of a formed paradigm instead of other best-effort methods.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a test case generating device, referring to a structural block diagram of the test case generating device shown in fig. 3, where the device includes:
an obtaining module 71, configured to obtain a semantic network database; the semantic network database comprises sentences and case description data; each statement and at least one case description data form a mapping relation; the statement comprises business term data and predicate relation data; a determination module 72 for determining at least one data combination from the statement and business term data and the predicate relationship data; each data combination comprises one or more sentences, and for any one of the plurality of sentences, at least one sentence in the plurality of sentences comprises the same business term data as any one sentence; a case generation module 73 for generating a plurality of test cases from each data combination and the case description data.
In one embodiment, referring to another block diagram of the test case generating apparatus shown in fig. 4, the apparatus further includes a form processing module 74 for: acquiring an initial semantic network database; the initial semantic network database is generated according to the natural language; and performing formal processing on the initial semantic network database by using an extensible markup language to obtain the semantic network database.
In one embodiment, the determining module is specifically configured to: adding a statement including the same business term data to the same first packet; and determining the predicate relation among the business term data in the first group according to the predicate relation data to obtain a data combination.
In one embodiment, the generating module is specifically configured to: generating an disjunctive normal form or a conjunctive normal form according to each data combination; and generating a plurality of test cases according to the disjunctive normal form and the case description data, or generating a plurality of test cases according to the conjunctive normal form and the case description data.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, referring to the schematic block diagram of the structure of the computer device shown in fig. 5, the computer device includes a memory 81 and a processor 82, the memory stores a computer program that can be executed on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of any one of the methods when executing the computer program.
It is clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the computer device described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and no further description is provided herein
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, the program code causing the processor to perform any of the steps of the above-described method.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A test case generation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a semantic network database; the semantic network database comprises statements and case description data; each statement forms a mapping relation with at least one case description data; the statement comprises business term data and predicate relation data;
determining at least one data combination from the statement and the business term data and the predicate relationship data; each of the data combinations includes one or more sentences, and for any one of the plurality of sentences, there is at least one sentence in the plurality of sentences that includes the same business term data as the any one sentence;
and generating a plurality of test cases according to each data combination and the case description data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to obtaining the semantic web database, further comprising:
acquiring an initial semantic network database; the initial semantic network database is generated according to natural language;
and performing formal processing on the initial semantic network database by using an extensible markup language to obtain a semantic network database.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining at least one data combination from the statement and the business term data and the predicate relationship data comprises:
adding a statement including the same business term data to the same first packet;
and determining a predicate relation between the service term data in the first group according to the predicate relation data to obtain a data combination.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a plurality of test cases from each of the data combinations and the case description data comprises:
generating an disjunctive normal form or a conjunctive normal form according to each data combination;
and generating a plurality of test cases according to the disjunctive normal form and the case description data, or generating a plurality of test cases according to the conjunctive normal form and the case description data.
5. A test case generation apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a semantic network database; the semantic network database comprises statements and case description data; each statement forms a mapping relation with at least one case description data; the statement comprises business term data and predicate relation data;
a determining module for determining at least one data combination from the statement and the business term data and the predicate relationship data; each of the data combinations includes one or more sentences, and for any one of the plurality of sentences, there is at least one sentence in the plurality of sentences that includes the same business term data as the any one sentence;
and the case generation module is used for generating a plurality of test cases according to each data combination and the case description data.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a form processing module to:
acquiring an initial semantic network database; the initial semantic network database is generated according to natural language;
and performing formal processing on the initial semantic network database by using an extensible markup language to obtain a semantic network database.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the determining module is specifically configured to:
adding a statement including the same business term data to the same first packet;
and determining a predicate relation between the service term data in the first group according to the predicate relation data to obtain a data combination.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the generating module is specifically configured to:
generating an disjunctive normal form or a conjunctive normal form according to each data combination;
and generating a plurality of test cases according to the disjunctive normal form and the case description data, or generating a plurality of test cases according to the conjunctive normal form and the case description data.
9. Computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method according to any of the claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable medium having non-volatile program code executable by a processor, the program code causing the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN114077534A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-02-22 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test case generation method and device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN115146650A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-04 | 西安羚控电子科技有限公司 | Test process creating method and system based on semantic recognition |
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| 张志等: "《高职高专国家示范性学校"十三五"规划教材 Android移动应用测试实战》", vol. 1, 西安：西安电子科技大学出版社, pages: 18 - 27 * |
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| CN114077534A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-02-22 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test case generation method and device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN114077534B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2024-05-31 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test case generation method, device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN113986744A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-28 | 中国银行股份有限公司 | Method and device for testing warehouse and table components and storage medium |
| CN115146650A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-04 | 西安羚控电子科技有限公司 | Test process creating method and system based on semantic recognition |
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