CN111456485B - Waterproof repairing method for roof with large-area steel frame structure - Google Patents
Waterproof repairing method for roof with large-area steel frame structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111456485B CN111456485B CN202010323312.1A CN202010323312A CN111456485B CN 111456485 B CN111456485 B CN 111456485B CN 202010323312 A CN202010323312 A CN 202010323312A CN 111456485 B CN111456485 B CN 111456485B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004588 polyurethane sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0281—Repairing or restoring roofing or roof covering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
- E04D13/1407—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof for flat roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
- E04D13/1407—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof for flat roofs
- E04D13/1415—Junctions to walls extending above the perimeter of the roof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
- E04D5/10—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of compounded or laminated materials, e.g. metal foils or plastic films coated with bitumen
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing a large-area steel frame structure roof in a waterproof way, which solves the problem that the water leakage and seepage of a large-scale complex roof are difficult to be checked by performing overall analysis on the roof structure and determining that the roof is repaired in an overall repairing way, classifies the roof structure in a local crossing way, divides the whole flat roof into plane types, and classifies the part of the flat roof close to the steel frame structure into corner types comprising the steel frame structure, thereby realizing the unification of the overall and local repairing, being beneficial to improving the stability of the repairing structure and prolonging the service life of the repairing structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waterproof repair, in particular to a waterproof repair method for a roof with a large-area steel frame structure.
Background
Whether it is a tunnel, a bridge, a dam, a road, a building or a house which people live in daily life, the waterproof is a problem which cannot be ignored. The main structures of house buildings include foundations, walls, columns, buildings, floors, balconies, awnings, stairs, doors and windows, building roofs and the like, and the structures closely related to water proofing are building roofs, walls of main structures, foundations, floors, doors and windows, stairs, balconies and awnings. The roof is arranged on the top of the building and mainly used for preventing rain (snow) water and ultraviolet rays from entering a room and insulating the room. The structure of the building mainly comprises a structural layer, a slope finding layer, a leveling layer, a steam barrier layer, a heat preservation layer, a waterproof layer, a protective layer, a ventilation and heat insulation layer or a veneer and the like. Because of the needs of buildings, the roof is often provided with a water outlet, an air outlet, a chimney, an access hole, a skylight and a tiger window, or the roof is provided with equipment or used as a swimming pool, a sports ground, an apron and the like, so the roof structure is relatively complex and has high waterproof requirements.
As is well known, the waterproof material has aging characteristics, and after a building is used for a certain period of time, the phenomenon of water leakage and water seepage caused by the aging of a waterproof layer is inevitable, so that the waterproof material is an important part for the waterproof repair of the existing building besides the waterproof design of the roof of a newly-built building. For buildings with large-area steel frame structures on roofs, such as museums and gymnasiums, the large-area steel frame structures cover large areas, the large-area steel frame structures also have the characteristic of large building areas, which means that the roof area is correspondingly large, and the large-area steel frame structures are often provided with empty floors, so that once water leakage and water seepage occur, the real source of the water leakage and water seepage is difficult to find out. Therefore, there is a need for a method of waterproof repair for roofs with large-area steel-frame structures.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for repairing a large-area steel-frame roof, which solves the problem of repairing a large-area steel-frame roof that water leakage is difficult to be eliminated without affecting the steel-frame structure, in order to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of waterproofing a roof having a large area steel frame structure, comprising the steps of:
s1, analyzing a roof structure: the roof structure is complex and at least comprises a flat roof and a large-area steel frame structure which is arranged in the flat roof and consists of a plurality of stand columns;
s2, classifying the roof structure: the steel frame structure and the part of the flat roof connected with the steel frame structure are classified into a corner class with a plane structure and a vertical face structure, and the flat roof is classified into a plane class with a plane structure;
s3, formulating a repairing scheme: it is right the roof is carried out whole maintenance, to the plane class earlier with the extruded sheet look for the slope after lay first top layer waterproofing membrane, then adopt the mode of laying double-deck waterproofing membrane to the turning class to repair, double-deck waterproofing membrane includes nexine waterproofing membrane and second top layer waterproofing membrane, and nexine waterproofing membrane part is laid and is laid between the extruded sheet of laying in the plane structure top and first top layer waterproofing membrane, partially laid in facade structure surface, and second top layer waterproofing membrane is laid at least in the nexine waterproofing membrane surface of laying in facade structure side.
The invention determines that the roof is subjected to waterproof repair by adopting an integral repair mode through integral analysis of the roof structure so as to solve the problem that the large-scale complex roof is difficult to be checked for water leakage and water seepage, classifies the roof structure by adopting a local crossing mode, divides the whole flat roof into plane types, and classifies the part of the flat roof close to the steel frame structure into corner types comprising the steel frame structure, thereby realizing the unification of the integral and local repair, being beneficial to improving the stability of the repair structure and further prolonging the service life of the repair structure. Specifically, the flat roof is classified into a plane type with a plane structure, and for the structure, a first surface waterproof coiled material is laid after an extruded sheet is used for slope finding; the slope is found or leveled by adopting a cement mortar laying mode in the traditional newly-built roof waterproofing or existing roof waterproofing repair, but the slope finding by adopting the cement mortar laying mode is obviously difficult to apply to large roofs, particularly discontinuous flat roofs and roofs with large-area steel frame structures, the construction difficulty is high, and the large-area cement mortar laying mode is difficult to avoid cracks caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold in the use process, so that the service life of the newly-built waterproof structure is not ensured; the invention innovatively provides that the slope finding is realized on a large-scale, discontinuous and flat roof with a large-area steel frame structure by adopting a mode of paving extruded sheets, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, the generation of cracks is avoided, and a certain heat preservation effect is realized. Meanwhile, the steel frame structure and the part of the flat roof connected with the steel frame structure are classified into corners with plane structures and vertical surface structures, and for the structures, a mode of laying double-layer waterproof coiled materials is adopted, wherein the waterproof coiled materials on the plane structures are laid on the extruded sheet, and the vertical surface structures of the extruded sheet cannot form extrusion or thrust action, so that the stability of the original building structure is favorably ensured.
The waterproof repairing method for the roof with the large-area steel frame structure further comprises the step S4 of implementing a repairing scheme:
s4-1, cleaning the surface of the roof;
s4-2, paving an extruded sheet on the plane structure to find a slope, and cutting the extruded sheet to avoid the slope when meeting the vertical surface structure;
s4-3, paving inner waterproof coiled materials on the surfaces of the extruded sheet and the facade structure in the corner range;
s4-4, paving a first surface waterproof coiled material on the surfaces of the extruded sheet and the inner waterproof coiled material above the planar structure;
s4-5, laying a second surface waterproof coiled material on the surface of the inner waterproof coiled material on the side face of the facade structure at least;
s4-6, pouring concrete after one day of water discharging test.
For the repair scheme formulated in step S3, the present invention also provides a corresponding implementation step to ensure that the scheme is implemented efficiently. In step S4-1, the surface of the roof needs to be cleaned after the finishing layer is chiseled off for the plane structure and/or the facade structure with the finishing layer; in step S4-2, cutting the extruded sheet to avoid the vertical surface structure can be performed before or during laying of the extruded sheet, the distance between the upright posts in the large-area steel frame structure can be regularly obtained or can be accurately obtained through measurement, a mode of cutting before laying can be adopted, a mode of cutting while laying can be adopted for the upright surfaces with longer distance, and a mode of cutting while laying is preferably adopted for the upright surfaces with longer distance, so as to ensure the integrity and regularity of laying; in the steps S4-3 to S4-5, the laying sequence of the waterproof coiled materials is set to ensure the alternate laying of the plane structure and the vertical surface structure, so that the layers are alternately laid on the local flat roof which belongs to the plane class and the corner class, and the reliability of the waterproof structure is further improved; and in the step S4-6, water leakage or water seepage is ensured to be avoided through a water drainage test, and then concrete is poured. Preferably, the step S4 further includes the step S4-7 of pouring concrete on the first surface waterproof roll and the second surface waterproof roll, and covering the concrete layer to make the waterproof rolls better fit to the roof, and to prevent the waterproof rolls from being directly exposed to the atmosphere, so as to reduce the aging speed of the waterproof layer.
In order to further improve the waterproof reliability, in the corner range comprising a steel frame structure, a second surface layer waterproof coiled material laid on the surface of an upright post is extended to be laid above a flat roof, the second surface layer waterproof coiled material laid above the flat roof is laid on a first surface layer waterproof coiled material arranged above the flat roof at the periphery of the upright post, an extruded sheet-lining waterproof coiled material-first surface layer waterproof coiled material-second surface layer waterproof coiled material stacked from bottom to top is formed on the flat roof at the periphery of the steel frame structure, a certain gradient is formed at the position to prevent water accumulation, the second surface layer waterproof coiled material extended from a vertical surface of the steel frame structure is laid at the top of the position, and water falling on the second surface layer waterproof coiled material cannot touch the bonding position of the lower surface of the second surface layer waterproof coiled material and the first surface layer waterproof coiled material when flowing down along the gradient from a high position, is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the bonding position.
In addition, in the turning class within range including steel frame construction, make into the column casing with nexine waterproofing membrane and second top layer waterproofing membrane, the column casing is located the sleeve on the stand of steelframe including the cover and is laid the ring piece on the peripheral flat roof of stand around connecting the sleeve, promptly the longitudinal section of column casing is the character form for waterproofing membrane both can tightly wrap up the stand and can be flat-out on the flat roof around the stand again, guarantees the effect of laying of nexine waterproofing membrane or second top layer waterproofing membrane, avoids forming ponding because of laying the fold, improves the water-proof life of waterproof effect.
Under the waterproof layer for avoiding ponding infiltration waterproofing membrane to form, telescopic height is not less than 100mm, prevents that ponding from being in form the seam of seepage because of forming the longer time to waterproofing membrane and soaking and lead to waterproofing membrane to come unstuck and form the waterproof membrane below, and then permeate this seam infiltration waterproofing membrane when the seam department stops, improves waterproof reliability. The covering radius of the ring piece is not less than 250 mm.
The waterproof coiled material paved on the surface of the patio is paved along the vertical surface, the tail end of the waterproof coiled material faces the sky, once the waterproof coiled material is not firmly adhered to the vertical surface of the patio, water vapor possibly permeates into the patio structure from the position, for this reason, the waterproof coiled material is used for hooping the top end of the sleeve, and the top end of the sleeve is sealed.
The roof also comprises a courtyard arranged in the flat roof in the step S1, the roof classified into corners in the step S2 also comprises the courtyard and a part of the flat roof connected with the courtyard, before an inner waterproof coiled material is laid in the range of the corners comprising the courtyard, the surface layer of the flat roof is excavated at the joint of the flat roof and the courtyard until the surface layer of the flat roof leaks out of the structural layer of the flat roof, so that a gap is formed between the surface layer of the flat roof and the courtyard, the middle part of the inner waterproof coiled material is pressed into the gap when the inner waterproof coiled material is laid, namely, two ends of the inner waterproof coiled material are respectively laid on the flat roof and the vertical surface of the courtyard, a sufficiently long gap between the flat roof and the vertical surface of the courtyard is left and is not laid on the flat roof or the middle section of the inner waterproof coiled material of the vertical surface of the courtyard, and then the specially left middle section of the inner waterproof coiled material is inserted into the excavated gap, therefore, the inner-layer waterproof coiled material is not easy to pull between the plane and the vertical surface, the attachment degree of the waterproof coiled material between the flat roof and the patio vertical surface is improved, more importantly, a tiny water collecting ditch can be formed between the patio vertical surface and the flat roof by digging the gap and pressing-in laying of the waterproof coiled material, and the water collecting ditch is beneficial to guiding accumulated water to flow to the gap and finally to be guided to a drain pipe to be drained away. In the corner class within range including the courtyard, preferred second top layer waterproofing membrane is formed by first top layer waterproofing membrane to the extension of courtyard facade, and equally, when laying first top layer waterproofing membrane leave enough long first top layer waterproofing membrane and impress it in the gap, form the shallow catch basin of one stealthy on the tiny catch basin of nexine waterproofing membrane formation, guide ponding to the gap department stream to finally guide the drain pipe and be discharged. Preferably, the width of gap is 5 ~ 30mm, can enough satisfy filling in of waterproofing membrane, can form tiny catch basin again after waterproofing membrane fills in, promotes dredging and discharging of ponding on the flat roof.
In order to avoid seeper which is dredged and flows to a water collecting ditch formed by the gaps from seeping into the waterproof layer formed by the waterproof coiled material, the tail end of the waterproof coiled material paved on the surface of the patio is higher than the surface of the flat roof, so that the seeper is prevented from forming a leakage gap and further seeping into the lower part of the waterproof coiled material through the leakage gap due to the fact that the waterproof coiled material is soaked for a long time when the gaps stop, and the waterproof reliability is improved. Preferably, the tail end of the waterproof coiled material paved on the surface of the courtyard is 200-500 mm higher than the surface of the flat roof.
The waterproof roll material paved on the surface of the patio is paved along the vertical surface, the tail end of the waterproof roll material faces the sky, once the waterproof roll material is not firmly adhered to the vertical surface of the patio, water vapor possibly permeates into the patio structure from the position, therefore, the tail ends of the inner layer waterproof roll material paved on the vertical surface of the patio and the second surface layer waterproof roll material can be cut into the patio, namely, a seam with an opening facing downwards in an inclined mode is formed in the vertical surface of the patio, and the tail end of the waterproof roll material is plugged into the seam.
The roof further comprises parapet walls arranged around the flat roof in the step S1, the parapet walls and the partial flat roof connected with the parapet walls are arranged in corners in the step S2, the flat roof is excavated at the joint of the flat roof and the parapet walls before the inner waterproof roll is laid in the corner range of the parapet walls, a V-shaped groove is formed between the structural layer of the flat roof and the parapet walls in the digging process of the structural layer of the flat roof, a crack is formed between the surface layer of the flat roof and the parapet walls, epoxy mortar is filled in the V-shaped groove to strengthen the bonding force between the parapet walls and the structural layer of the flat roof, the stable bonding between the parapet walls and the flat roof is ensured, the phenomenon that the parapet walls deviate from each other due to cracking or insufficient bonding force and the final pulling of the waterproof roll materials laid on the surface is avoided, the waterproof structure is damaged, and the waterproof reliability and the service life are improved. Or, before laying the nexine waterproofing membrane in the turning class scope including the parapet, excavate the flat roofing with the parapet department of meeting, dig and form the gutter of making newly in the structural layer of flat roofing, make and form a V-arrangement groove that is located under the gutter between the structural layer of flat roofing and the parapet in the V-arrangement groove it strengthens the cohesion of parapet and flat roofing structural layer to fill epoxy mortar in the V-arrangement groove, ensures the stable combination of parapet and flat roofing, avoids between the two to deviate from each other because fracture or cohesion are not enough, finally constitutes dragging and causing waterproof construction to lay the waterproofing membrane on the surface and destroyed, improves waterproof reliability and life. Preferably, the epoxy mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of epoxy resin, 14 parts of dibutyl ester, 25 parts of ethylenediamine, 400 parts of cement and 400 parts of fine sand.
In order to prevent the flat roof from forming outward thrust on the parapet, cement mortar is filled in the crack to form a buffer layer between the parapet and the flat roof, and the weight part ratio of cement to fine sand in the cement mortar is 1: 2.5. For digging and forming the gutter, the inner waterproof coiled material, the first surface waterproof coiled material and the second surface waterproof coiled material are preferably paved before cement mortar is filled, namely, the buffer layer is formed on the waterproof layer, so that water on the flat roof is led to the newly-made gutter, and surface accumulated water is promoted to be quickly discharged.
The waterproof roll material paved on the parapet wall surface is paved along the vertical surface, the tail end of the waterproof roll material faces the sky, once the waterproof roll material is not firmly adhered to the parapet wall vertical surface, water vapor possibly permeates into the parapet wall structure from the position, therefore, the tail ends of the inner waterproof roll material and the second surface waterproof roll material paved on the parapet wall vertical surface at least extend to the top of the parapet wall and cut into the parapet wall, namely, a seam is arranged at the top of the parapet wall or the vertical surface deviating from the flat roof, the tail end of the waterproof roll material is plugged into the seam, then the waterproof roll material is matched and fixed by a metal pressing strip and a cement nail, and then the waterproof roll material is sealed by polyurethane sealant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention determines that the roof is subjected to waterproof repair by adopting an integral repair mode through integral analysis of the roof structure so as to solve the problem that the large-scale complex roof is difficult to be checked for water leakage and water seepage, classifies the roof structure by adopting a local crossing mode, divides the whole flat roof into plane types, and classifies the part of the flat roof close to the steel frame structure into corner types comprising the steel frame structure, thereby realizing the unification of the integral and local repair, being beneficial to improving the stability of the repair structure and further prolonging the service life of the repair structure.
2. The mode that sets up the column jacket is adopted to the restoration of steel frame construction and flat roofing junction for waterproofing membrane both can tightly wrap up the stand and can be flat on the flat roofing around the stand, guarantees the laying effect of nexine waterproofing membrane or second top layer waterproofing membrane, avoids forming ponding because of laying the fold, improves the waterproof life of waterproof effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a large-area steel structure roof.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the water-proof repair of the flat roof shown in part a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the waterproof repair of the column shown in section B of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the column jacket.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a large area steel structure roof including a patio.
Fig. 6 is a first schematic view of the waterproof repair of the patio shown in section C of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of a portion D in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a second schematic view of the waterproof repair of the patio shown in section C of fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged view of a portion E in fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of a portion F in fig. 8.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a large-area steel structure roof including parapet walls.
Fig. 12 is a first schematic view of the waterproofing of the parapet shown in section G of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a partially enlarged view of a portion H in fig. 12.
Fig. 14 is a second schematic view of the waterproofing of the parapet shown in section G of fig. 11.
Fig. 15 is a partially enlarged view of a portion I in fig. 14.
Fig. 16 is a partially enlarged view of a portion J in fig. 14.
Description of reference numerals: the roof comprises a flat roof 100, a flat roof structure layer 110, a flat roof surface layer 120, a steel frame structure 210, upright posts 211, a patio 220, parapet walls 230, an extruded sheet 310, an inner waterproof coiled material 320, a first surface waterproof coiled material 330, a second surface waterproof coiled material 340, sleeves 321(341), ring sheets 322(342), a V-shaped groove 410, a crack 421, a gutter 422 and a gap 430.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted; the positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A method of waterproofing a roof having a large area steel-frame structure 210 comprising the steps of:
s1, analyzing a roof structure: the roof structure is complex, and as shown in fig. 1, the roof structure at least comprises a flat roof 100 and a large-area steel frame structure 210 which is arranged in the flat roof and consists of a plurality of upright posts 211;
s2, classifying the roof structure: the steel frame structure 210 and the part of the flat roof connected with the steel frame structure are classified into a corner class with a plane structure and a vertical surface structure, and the flat roof is classified into a plane class with a plane structure;
s3, formulating a repairing scheme: it is right the roof is wholly repaired, as shown in fig. 2, to the plane class earlier with extruded sheet 310 look for the slope after laying first top waterproof coiled material 330, as shown in fig. 3, then adopt the mode of laying double-deck waterproof coiled material to repair to the turning class, double-deck waterproof coiled material includes nexine waterproof coiled material 320 and second top waterproof coiled material 340, and nexine waterproof coiled material 320 part is laid and is laid between extruded sheet 310 and the first top waterproof coiled material 330 of laying in the plane structure top, and partly is laid in facade structure surface, and second top waterproof coiled material 340 is laid at least in the nexine waterproof coiled material 320 surface of laying in facade structure side.
The waterproof repairing method for the roof with the large-area steel frame structure 210 further comprises the step S4 of implementing a repairing scheme:
s4-1, cleaning the surface of the roof;
s4-2, paving the extruded sheet 310 on the plane structure to find a slope, and cutting the extruded sheet 310 to avoid the slope when meeting the facade structure;
s4-3, paving an inner layer waterproof roll 320 on the surfaces of the extruded sheet 310 and the facade structure in the corner range;
s4-4, laying a first surface waterproof roll 330 on the surfaces of the extruded sheet 310 and the inner waterproof roll 320 above the planar structure;
s4-5, laying a second surface waterproof coiled material 340 on the surface of the inner waterproof coiled material 320 on the side surface of the facade structure at least;
s4-6, pouring concrete after one day of water discharging test.
The invention determines that the roof is subjected to waterproof repair by adopting an integral repair mode through integral analysis of the roof structure so as to solve the problem that the large-scale complex roof is difficult to be checked for water leakage and water seepage, classifies the roof structure by adopting a local crossing mode, divides the whole flat roof into plane types, and classifies the part of the flat roof close to the steel frame structure 210 into corner types comprising the steel frame structure 210, thereby realizing the unification of the integral and local repair, being beneficial to improving the stability of the repair structure and further prolonging the service life of the repair structure. Specifically, the flat roof is classified into a plane type with a plane structure, and for the structure, a first surface waterproof roll 330 is laid after an extruded sheet 310 is used for slope finding; the slope is found or leveled by adopting a cement mortar laying mode in the traditional newly-built roof waterproofing or existing roof waterproofing repair, but the slope finding by adopting the cement mortar laying mode is obviously difficult to apply to large roofs, particularly discontinuous flat roofs and roofs with large-area steel frame structures 210, the construction difficulty is high, and the large-area cement mortar laying mode is difficult to avoid cracks caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold in the use process, so that the service life of the newly-built waterproof structure is not ensured; the invention innovatively provides that slope finding is realized on a large-scale, discontinuous and flat roof with a large-area steel frame structure 210 by adopting a mode of paving the extruded sheet 310, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, cracks are avoided, and a certain heat preservation effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the steel frame structure 210 and the part of the flat roof connected with the steel frame structure are classified into corners with plane structures and vertical surface structures, and for the structures, a mode of laying double-layer waterproof rolls is adopted, wherein the waterproof rolls on the plane structures are laid on the extruded sheet 310, and the vertical surface structures of the extruded sheet 310 cannot form extrusion or thrust action, so that the stability of the original building structure is favorably ensured.
For the repair scheme formulated in step S3, the present invention also provides a corresponding implementation step to ensure that the scheme is implemented efficiently. In step S4-1, the surface of the roof needs to be cleaned after the finishing layer is chiseled off for the plane structure and/or the facade structure with the finishing layer; in step S4-2, cutting the extruded sheet 310 to avoid the vertical surface structure may be performed before or during laying the extruded sheet 310, the distance between the vertical columns 211 in the large-area steel frame structure 210 may be regularly obtained or may be accurately obtained through measurement, a cutting-before-laying mode may be employed, a side-laying-while-cutting mode may be employed for a long distance between the vertical surface and the vertical surface, and in general, a combination mode of the two modes is preferably employed to ensure the integrity and regularity of the laying; in the steps S4-3 to S4-5, the laying sequence of the waterproof coiled materials is set to ensure the alternate laying of the plane structure and the vertical surface structure, so that the layers are alternately laid on the local flat roof which belongs to the plane class and the corner class, and the reliability of the waterproof structure is further improved; and in the step S4-6, water leakage or water seepage is ensured to be avoided through a water drainage test, and then concrete is poured.
Example 2
In order to further improve the reliability of waterproofing, as shown in fig. 3, this embodiment is a modified version of embodiment 1, except that: in the corner range including the steel frame structure 210, the second surface layer waterproof roll 340 laid on the surface of the upright post 211 is extended and laid above the flat roof, the second surface layer waterproof roll 340 extended and laid above the flat roof is laid on the first surface layer waterproof roll 330 above the flat roof at the periphery of the upright post 211, a structure in which the extruded sheet 310-the inner layer waterproof roll 320-the first surface layer waterproof roll 330-the second surface layer waterproof roll 340 are stacked from bottom to top is formed on the flat roof around the steel frame structure 210, a certain gradient is formed at the position, water accumulation can be prevented, the second surface layer waterproof roll 340 extending from the vertical surface of the steel frame structure 210 is laid at the top of the position, and water falling on the second surface layer waterproof roll 340 cannot touch the bonding position of the lower surface of the second surface layer waterproof roll 340 and the first surface layer waterproof roll 330 when flowing down along the gradient from a high position, is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the bonding position.
In addition, in the corner range including the steel frame structure 210, the inner waterproof roll 320 and the second surface waterproof roll 340 are manufactured into a column sleeve, as shown in fig. 4, the column sleeve includes a sleeve 321(341) sleeved on the column 211 of the steel frame and a ring sheet 322(342) which surrounds and connects the sleeve 321(341) and is laid on the flat roof around the column 211, that is, the longitudinal section of the column sleeve is in a shape like a Chinese character 'er', so that the waterproof roll can tightly wrap the column 211 and can be laid on the flat roof around the column 211, the laying effect of the inner waterproof roll 320 or the second surface waterproof roll 340 is ensured, water accumulation caused by laying wrinkles is avoided, and the waterproof life of the waterproof effect is prolonged.
In order to prevent the seeper from permeating into the waterproof layer formed by the waterproof coiled material, the height of the sleeve 321(341) is not less than 100mm, so that the seeper seam formed by degumming of the waterproof coiled material due to the fact that the waterproof coiled material is soaked for a long time when the seeper stays at the seam 430 is prevented, and the seeper seam permeates into the lower part of the waterproof coiled material, so that the waterproof reliability is improved. The covering radius of the ring piece 322(342) is not less than 250 mm.
The waterproof roll laid on the surface of the patio is laid along the vertical surface, the tail end of the waterproof roll faces the sky, and once the waterproof roll is not firmly adhered to the vertical surface of the patio, the waterproof roll can possibly cause water vapor to permeate into the patio structure, so that the top end of the sleeve 321(341) is surrounded by the waterproof roll at the top end of the sleeve 321(341) and the top end of the sleeve 321(341) is sealed.
Example 3
This embodiment is a modified version of the above embodiment, and is different in that: as shown in fig. 5, the roof in step S1 further includes a patio 220 disposed in the flat roof, the patio 220 and the part of the flat roof connected thereto, which are classified as corners in step S2, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, before the inner waterproof roll 320 is laid in the range of the corners including the patio 220, the surface layer of the flat roof is excavated at the connection between the flat roof and the patio 220 until the structural layer of the flat roof leaks out, so that a gap 430 is formed between the surface layer of the flat roof and the patio 220, the middle part of the inner waterproof roll 320 is pressed into the gap 430 when the inner waterproof roll 320 is laid, that is, when the inner waterproof roll 320 is laid, both ends of the inner waterproof roll 320 are laid on the vertical surfaces of the flat roof and patio 220 respectively, and a sufficiently long inner waterproof roll 320 is left at the gap 430 between the flat roof and the vertical surface of the patio 220 and is laid in the middle section of the flat roof and the patio 220, then the specially reserved middle section of the inner waterproof roll 320 is inserted into a gap 430 formed by excavation, so that the inner waterproof roll 320 is not easy to pull between a plane and a vertical surface, the attachment degree of the waterproof roll between the flat roof and the vertical surface of the patio 220 is improved, more importantly, a fine water collecting ditch can be formed between the vertical surface of the patio 220 and the flat roof by digging the gap 430 and press-in laying of the waterproof roll, and accumulated water is guided to the gap 430 to flow and finally guided to a drain pipe to be discharged. In the corner range including the patio 220, it is preferable that the second waterproof sheet 340 is formed by extending the first waterproof sheet 330 toward the vertical surface of the patio 220, and similarly, when the first waterproof sheet 330 is laid, the first waterproof sheet 330 is left long enough at the slit 430 and pressed into the slit 430, so that an invisible shallow water collecting channel is formed on the fine water collecting channel formed by the inner waterproof sheet 320, and the collected water is guided to flow toward the slit 430 and finally guided to the drain pipe to be drained away. Preferably, the width of gap is 5 ~ 30mm, can enough satisfy filling in of waterproofing membrane, can form tiny catch basin again after waterproofing membrane fills in, promotes dredging and discharging of ponding on the flat roof.
The waterproof roll laid on the surface of the patio 220 is laid along the vertical surface, the tail end of the waterproof roll faces the sky, once the waterproof roll is not firmly adhered to the vertical surface of the patio 220, moisture can possibly permeate into the structure of the patio 220 from the position, for this purpose, as shown in fig. 10, the tail ends of the inner waterproof roll 320 and the second surface waterproof roll 340 laid on the vertical surface of the patio 220 can be cut into the patio 220, namely, a seam with an opening facing obliquely downwards is formed on the vertical surface of the patio 220, and the tail end of the waterproof roll is plugged into the seam. Preferably, the tail end of the waterproof coiled material paved on the surface of the courtyard is 200-500 mm higher than the surface of the flat roof.
Example 4
This embodiment is a modified version of the above embodiment, and is different in that: as shown in fig. 11, the roof in step S1 further includes a parapet 230 surrounding the flat roof, the parapet 230 and the partial flat roof connected thereto, which are classified as corners in step S2, as shown in fig. 12 to 13, before the inner waterproof roll 320 is laid in the range of the corners including the parapet 230, the flat roof is excavated at the connection between the flat roof and the parapet 230, the structural layer of the flat roof is dug into the structural layer of the flat roof to form a V-shaped groove 410 between the structural layer of the flat roof and the parapet 230, a gap 421 is formed between the surface layer of the flat roof and the parapet 230, the V-shaped groove 410 is filled with epoxy mortar to strengthen the bonding force between the parapet 230 and the structural layer 110 of the flat roof, so as to ensure stable bonding between the parapet 230 and the flat roof, avoid the parapet 230 and the parapet 230 deviating from each other due to cracking or insufficient bonding force, and finally form a pulling to the waterproof roll laid on the surface to destroy the waterproof structure, the waterproof reliability is improved and the service life is prolonged. Or, as shown in fig. 14 to 15, before the inner waterproof roll 320 is laid in the corner range including the parapet 230, the flat roof is excavated at the joint between the flat roof and the parapet 230, a newly-made gutter 422 is formed in the structure layer of the flat roof, a V-shaped groove 410 located below the gutter 422 is formed between the structure layer of the flat roof and the parapet 230, epoxy mortar is filled in the V-shaped groove 410 to enhance the bonding force between the parapet 230 and the structure layer 110 of the flat roof, so as to ensure the stable bonding between the parapet 230 and the flat roof, prevent the parapet 230 and the flat roof from deviating from each other due to cracking or insufficient bonding force, finally form pulling of the waterproof roll laid on the surface, so as to damage the waterproof structure, and improve the reliability of the waterproof performance and the service life. Preferably, the epoxy mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of epoxy resin, 14 parts of dibutyl ester, 25 parts of ethylenediamine, 400 parts of cement and 400 parts of fine sand.
In order to prevent the flat roof from pushing the parapet 230 outwards, cement mortar is filled in the crack 421 to form a buffer layer between the parapet 230 and the flat roof, and the weight part ratio of cement to fine sand in the cement mortar is 1: 2.5. For digging and forming the gutter 422, it is preferable to lay the inner waterproof roll 320, the first surface waterproof roll 330 and the second surface waterproof roll 340 before filling cement mortar, that is, the buffer layer is formed on the waterproof layer, which helps to guide water on the flat roof into the newly-made gutter 422, and promotes the rapid discharge of surface accumulated water.
The waterproof roll material laid on the surface of the parapet 230 is laid along the vertical surface, the tail end of the waterproof roll material faces the sky, and once the waterproof roll material is not firmly adhered to the vertical surface of the parapet 230, water vapor possibly permeates into the structure of the parapet 230 from the position, for this purpose, as shown in fig. 16, the tail ends of the inner waterproof roll material 320 and the second surface waterproof roll material 340 laid on the vertical surface of the parapet 230 at least extend to the top of the parapet 230 and cut into the parapet 230, namely, a seam is arranged on the top of the parapet 230 or the vertical surface opposite to the flat roof, the tail ends of the waterproof roll material are plugged into the seam, then the waterproof roll material is matched and fixed by metal battens and cement nails, and then the waterproof roll material is sealed by polyurethane sealant.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A waterproof repairing method for a roof with a large-area steel frame structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, analyzing a roof structure: the roof structure is complex and at least comprises a flat roof and a large-area steel frame structure which is arranged in the flat roof and consists of a plurality of stand columns;
s2, classifying the roof structure: the steel frame structure and the part of the flat roof connected with the steel frame structure are classified into a corner class with a plane structure and a vertical face structure, and the flat roof is classified into a plane class with a plane structure;
s3, formulating a repairing scheme: the roof is integrally repaired, the extrusion plate is used for slope finding and then the first surface layer waterproof coiled material is laid for the plane type, the double-layer waterproof coiled material is repaired by adopting a mode of laying the double-layer waterproof coiled material for the corner type, the double-layer waterproof coiled material comprises an inner layer waterproof coiled material and a second surface layer waterproof coiled material, the inner layer waterproof coiled material is partially laid between the extrusion plate laid above the plane structure and the first surface layer waterproof coiled material and is partially laid on the surface of the facade structure, and the second surface layer waterproof coiled material is at least laid on the surface of the inner layer waterproof coiled material laid on the side surface of the facade structure;
s4, implementing a repairing scheme:
s4-1, cleaning the surface of the roof;
s4-2, paving an extruded sheet on the plane structure to find a slope, and cutting the extruded sheet to avoid the slope when meeting the vertical surface structure;
s4-3, paving inner waterproof coiled materials on the surfaces of the extruded sheet and the facade structure in the corner range;
s4-4, paving a first surface waterproof coiled material on the surfaces of the extruded sheet and the inner waterproof coiled material above the planar structure;
s4-5, at least paving a second surface waterproof coiled material on the surface of the inner waterproof coiled material on the side surface of the vertical surface structure, and paving the second surface waterproof coiled material paved on the surface of the stand column above the flat roof in a corner range comprising a steel frame structure, wherein the second surface waterproof coiled material paved on the surface of the stand column is paved on the first surface waterproof coiled material above the flat roof at the periphery of the stand column;
s4-6, pouring concrete after one day of water discharging test;
the inner waterproof roll and the second surface waterproof roll are column sleeves, and the column sleeves comprise sleeves sleeved on the stand columns of the steel frame and ring pieces which are arranged on the peripheral flat roof of the stand columns in a surrounding and connecting mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the roof of step S1 further comprises a patio disposed in the flat roof, the corner-type roof of step S2 further comprises a patio and a portion of the flat roof adjacent thereto, the top layer of the flat roof is excavated at the location where the patio meets the flat roof until the structural layer of the flat roof leaks out, before the inner waterproof sheet is applied over the corner-type roof, so that a gap is formed between the top layer of the flat roof and the patio, and the middle portion of the inner waterproof sheet is pressed into the gap when the inner waterproof sheet is applied.
3. The method of repairing a large area steel frame structure roof of claim 2 wherein the ends of the inner and second surface waterproofing rolls laid on the facade of the patio are cut into the patio.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the roof of step S1 further comprises a parapet wall surrounding the flat roof, the parapet wall classified as a corner in step S2 further comprises a parapet wall and a partial flat roof connected thereto, the flat roof is excavated at a junction between the flat roof and the parapet wall before the inner waterproof roll is laid in the corner region including the parapet wall, the structural layer of the flat roof is excavated to form a V-shaped groove between the structural layer of the flat roof and the parapet wall, a gap is formed between the surface layer of the flat roof and the parapet wall, and epoxy mortar is filled in the V-shaped groove to reinforce the bonding force between the parapet wall and the structural layer of the flat roof.
5. The method of water-tight renovation of a large area steel-frame-structured roof according to claim 4, characterized in that cement mortar is filled in the crack to form a buffer layer between the parapet and the flat roof.
6. The method of waterproofing and renovating a large area steel frame structure roof according to claim 4, wherein the ends of the inner and second skin waterproofing rolls laid on the parapet facade are extended at least to the top of the parapet and cut into the parapet.
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| US5452558A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1995-09-26 | Eastin; Gary | Method for permanently repairing and sealing roofs |
| CN202787737U (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-03-13 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Outer sleeve cap for preventing leakage at periphery of roof ventilation pipe |
| CN104153521A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-11-19 | 当代节能置业股份有限公司 | Roof waterproof structure and roof maintenance method |
| CN107762075A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-03-06 | 彭建明 | A kind of construction method for the extruded sheet heat insulation house surface for improving efficiency of construction |
| CN206545334U (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-10-10 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | A kind of building roof parapet flashing construction |
| CN207700547U (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-08-07 | 青岛土木建工集团有限公司 | One kind looking for the heat insulation integrated roof structure in slope |
| CN108252530B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-11-03 | 厦门防水博士建筑工程有限公司 | A kind of parapet wall leakage repair technology |
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