CN111453630B - Bridge deck crane and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building machinery, and provides a bridge deck crane, which comprises a crane body, wherein the crane body comprises a travelling part and a lifting appliance bracket extending out to the front of the travelling part, the lifting appliance bracket is provided with a lifting appliance through a lifting rope, and the bottom of the lifting appliance is provided with a travelling gear train; the walking part is provided with an anchoring device which is used for anchoring the walking part on a steel bridge; the longitudinal distance between the lifting center of the lifting appliance bracket and the travelling part is larger than or equal to the sum of the length of one half of the steel beam section and the length of the lifting appliance. The lifting appliance is provided with the travelling gear train, so that the lifting appliance can be pulled to move on a steel bridge under construction, the lifting appliance does not need to be hung on a lifting appliance support all the time, and the overturning pulling force of the lifting appliance on the lifting appliance support (or the crane body) is reduced by controlling the distance between the lifting center and the end of the steel bridge under construction, so that the dead weight of the bridge deck crane is reduced. The invention also provides a use method of the bridge deck crane.

Description

Bridge crane and its use method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of construction machinery, and in particular to a bridge crane and a use method thereof.

Background technique

At present, in the construction of large-span steel bridges, the assembly and pre-assembly of steel beam segments are usually completed in the factory, and then the beam segments are transported to the bridge site by floating cranes and other transportation equipment, and assembled by bridge cranes. Therefore, bridge cranes are key equipment for the erection of large-scale steel bridges across rivers.

As the span and width of steel bridges are getting larger, the weight and volume of steel beam segments are also getting larger. It is often necessary to lift large-tonnage (large-tonnage means more than 1,000 tons) steel beam segments. In order to enhance the lifting capacity and anti-overturning performance, bridge cranes usually increase the size and counterweight. However, the large size and large counterweight also increase the pressure on the steel bridge under construction, making it unstable and possibly deformed.

Therefore, it is very necessary to design a bridge crane with light deadweight and good anti-overturning ability.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a bridge crane and a method for using the same. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the deadweight of the bridge crane and enhance the anti-overturning performance of the bridge crane.

The above-mentioned bridge deck crane includes a crane body, which includes a traveling part and a hoisting bracket extending in front of the traveling part, the hoisting bracket is provided with a hoist through a hoisting rope, and a traveling wheel system is provided at the bottom of the hoist; an anchoring device is provided on the traveling part, and the anchoring device is used to anchor the traveling part to the steel bridge under construction; wherein the longitudinal spacing between the lifting center of the hoisting bracket and the traveling part is greater than or equal to the sum of one-half of the length of the steel beam segment and the length of the hoist.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a first beam and a second beam are provided on the top of the hanger bracket, a longitudinal interval is provided between the first beam and the second beam, a hanger is hung on each end of the first beam, and a hanger is hung on the second beam.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second cross beam is located between the first cross beam and the walking portion.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the crane body includes a plurality of support trusses arranged at intervals in the transverse direction, and every two adjacent support trusses are connected by a connecting structure.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a front end truss is provided at the front end of the hanger bracket, the front end truss includes a main beam and a plurality of diagonal braces, and the main beam is connected to the hanger bracket through the plurality of diagonal braces.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a rear end cross beam is provided at the rear end of the walking portion, and the rear end cross beam includes a beam body and two movable portions, the two movable portions are respectively connected to the two ends of the beam body through folding devices, and the movable portion is provided with an anchoring device.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a lifting device, which is used to lift the sling, and the lifting device includes a motor and a pulley for winding a lifting rope.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a plurality of support seats, which are arranged at the bottom of the walking part.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a counterweight structure, and the counterweight structure is arranged on the walking part.

The present invention also provides a method for using a bridge crane, which includes: lowering all hoists on a hoist bracket onto a steel bridge under construction, the hoist being provided with a traveling wheel system; continuing to lower a hoist rope of a preset length; moving a traveling part so that the hoist rope pulls the hoist to move; moving the traveling part a preset distance so that the longitudinal spacing between the lifting center of the hoist bracket and the traveling part is greater than or equal to the sum of one-half the length of the steel beam segment and the length of the hoist; anchoring the bridge crane to the steel bridge under construction; lifting and pulling the hoist so that the hoist leaves the steel bridge under construction; and lowering the hoist to the position of the steel beam segment.

The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

A traveling wheel system is provided on the hoist so that the hoist can be towed and moved on the steel bridge under construction, so the hoist does not need to be always suspended on the hoist bracket. By controlling the distance between the lifting center and the end of the steel bridge under construction, the overturning pulling force of the hoist on the hoist bracket (or the crane body) is reduced, which also helps to reduce the deadweight of the bridge deck crane.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic side view of a bridge crane in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a bridge crane in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a partial schematic diagram of a rear end cross beam in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a front end truss in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a lifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. Traveling part; 2. Hoist bracket; 3. Hoist; 4. Traveling wheel system; 5. First supporting truss; 6. Second supporting truss; 7. Third supporting truss; 8. Fourth supporting truss; 9. Connecting structure; 10. First crossbeam; 11. Second crossbeam; 12. Front end truss; 13. Beam body; 14. Movable part.

Detailed ways

In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the present invention, the longitudinal direction refers to the direction in which the steel bridge is laid, and the transverse direction refers to the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; in other words, the longitudinal direction refers to the direction in which the length of the steel bridge is located, and the transverse direction refers to the direction in which the width of the steel bridge is located.

As shown in FIG1 , the present invention provides a bridge crane, which includes a crane body. The crane body includes a traveling part 1 and a hanger bracket 2 extending forward of the traveling part 1. The traveling part 1 is located at the lower part of the crane body, and the traveling part 1 is used for the bridge crane to move on the steel bridge under construction. The traveling part 1 is usually moved by a walking propulsion device. An anchoring device is also provided on the traveling part 1, and the anchoring device can be used to anchor the traveling part 1 on the steel bridge under construction. The traveling part 1 is a conventional structure in the field, and the anchoring device is a conventional device in the field. Those skilled in the art are capable of understanding and implementing it, and the present invention will not repeat its structure and position. The hanger bracket 2 is provided with a hanger 3 through a hanging rope, and a traveling wheel system 4 is provided at the bottom of the hanger 3, and the traveling wheel system 4 can be used for the hanger 3 to move on the steel bridge under construction. The hanger 3 and the traveling wheel system 4 (for example, a plurality of universal wheels or a plurality of ordinary traveling wheels) can be conventional settings in the field, and those skilled in the art are capable of understanding and implementing it, and the present invention will not repeat it here.

In this embodiment, when the walking part 1 moves, the sling 3 can be lowered onto the steel bridge under construction, and the inclined sling rope can pull the sling 3 to move, so the sling 3 does not need to be suspended on the sling bracket 2 (the steel bridge under construction can support the sling 3), which reduces the overturning pulling force of the sling 3 on the sling bracket 2, thereby increasing the anti-overturning ability of the bridge crane, so the counterweight of the bridge crane can also be reduced (reducing its own weight). Furthermore, when the counterweight of the bridge crane is reduced, the pressure applied to the steel bridge under construction will also be reduced, which is conducive to maintaining the structural stability of the steel bridge under construction.

In this embodiment, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the hoist 3 needs to lift the middle of the steel beam segment (the center of gravity of the steel beam segment is located in the middle of the steel beam segment); and when the steel beam segment is lifted to a position horizontal to the steel bridge under construction, a longitudinal interval must be kept between the steel beam segment and the end of the steel bridge under construction, so as to avoid interference of the steel beam segment by the steel bridge under construction when the steel beam segment is lifted upward. Therefore, when the hoist 3 lifts the steel beam segment, the distance between the lifting center of the hoist bracket 2 and the end of the steel bridge under construction should be greater than or equal to half the length of the steel beam segment; at the same time, since the hoist 3 still needs to be located on the steel bridge under construction before lifting the steel beam segment, the length of the space reserved for the hoist 3 on the steel bridge under construction (i.e., the space between the walking part 1 and the end of the steel bridge under construction) should be greater than or equal to the length of the hoist 3, so that the hoist 3 will not fall from the steel bridge under construction. In summary, when the crane body is anchored to the steel bridge under construction and the steel beam segment is hoisted, the longitudinal distance between the lifting center of the hoist bracket 2 and the walking part 1 should be greater than or equal to the sum of half the length of the steel beam segment and the length of the hoist 3. Therefore, although the walking wheel system 4 is only provided on the hoist 3, by controlling the distance between the lifting center and the end of the steel bridge under construction, the deadweight of the bridge crane can actually be reduced while improving the anti-overturning performance. In addition, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the lifting center of the hoist bracket 2 includes the following meanings: when the hoist 3 is in a position where the steel beam segment can be hoisted (at this time, the crane body is anchored to the steel bridge under construction, and the hoist 3 is suspended on the hoist bracket 2), the position where the center of the hoist 3 is located is a lifting center (in order to ensure the stability of the hoisting, the hoist 3 in this field is set as a symmetrical structure, and its center of gravity coincides with the center). Of course, when the sling bracket 2 is provided with a plurality of slings 3, these slings 3 may be equivalent to an equivalent sling, and the center position of the equivalent sling is also a lifting center.

It should be noted that, like the existing bridge cranes in the art, the bridge crane of the present invention also includes a lifting device for lifting the sling 3, the lifting device is arranged on the walking part 1, and the lifting device includes a motor and a pulley for winding the lifting rope, etc.; the bridge crane also includes a counterweight structure for keeping the crane body balanced, and the counterweight structure is arranged on the walking part 1; the bridge crane also includes a plurality of support seats for supporting the crane body, and the support seats are arranged below the walking part 1. Of course, the bridge crane of the present invention may also include other devices. However, the present invention does not involve improvements to these devices (such as position and structure), and those skilled in the art are capable of understanding and implementing them, so the present invention does not provide a detailed description of these devices.

As shown in Fig. 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, the crane body includes a plurality of support trusses arranged at intervals in a transverse direction. Each two adjacent support trusses are connected by a connection structure 9. Therefore, all the support trusses can be connected as a whole, thereby enhancing the support strength of the crane body, so that the crane body can withstand the tensile force of the large-tonnage steel beam segment.

As shown in FIG2 , in a preferred embodiment. The crane body includes four support trusses, namely a first support truss 5, a second support truss 6, a third support truss 7 and a fourth support truss 8. Among them, the spacing between the second support truss 6 and the third support truss 7 is smaller than the spacing between the first support truss 5 and the second support truss 6, and is also smaller than the spacing between the third support truss 7 and the fourth support truss 8. And the connecting structure 9 is preferably a transverse connection system. Of course, the support truss and the transverse connection system are both common devices in the field (for example, the support truss includes an upper longitudinal beam, and the transverse connection system includes a plurality of staggered connecting rods), and those skilled in the art are capable of understanding and implementing its structure, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, a first cross beam 10 and a second cross beam 11 are provided on the top of the hanger bracket 2, and a longitudinal interval is provided between the first cross beam 10 and the second cross beam 11. The hanger bracket 2 hangs a plurality of hangers 3 through the first cross beam 10 and the second cross beam 11.

As shown in FIG2 , in a preferred embodiment, a hanger 3 is respectively suspended at both ends of the first crossbeam 10, and a hanger 3 can be suspended on the second crossbeam 11, and the three hangers 3 can be suspended on the steel bridge under construction for movement. In this embodiment, since the two crossbeams are spaced apart, the three hangers 3 are spaced apart from each other when they are in a naturally suspended state. When the three hangers 3 are respectively connected to the steel beam segment, the connection positions of the three hangers 3 and the steel beam segment are distributed in a triangular shape. On the one hand, this connection method makes the steel beam segment more stable and less likely to swing when moving; on the other hand, this connection method also helps to adjust the horizontality of the steel beam segment in all directions, further making it less likely to produce gaps when the steel beam segment is connected to the steel bridge under construction.

As shown in FIG1 , in a preferred embodiment, the second cross beam 11 is located between the first cross beam 10 and the running part 1. In other words, the first cross beam 10 is located between the second cross beam 11 and the front end of the hanger bracket 2. Therefore, the hanger 3 on the second cross beam 11 is closer to the running part 1. Therefore, when the steel beam segment is hoisted, the part close to the steel bridge under construction is more stable, which is conducive to docking.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the tops of the first supporting truss 5 and the fourth supporting truss 8 are connected to the first cross beam 10, and the tops of the second supporting truss 6 and the third supporting truss 7 are connected to the second cross beam 11. The four supporting trusses directly bear the load of the suspended steel beam segment, so that the four supporting trusses are more evenly stressed.

As shown in FIG3 , in one embodiment of the present invention, the bridge crane further includes a rear cross beam, which is connected to the rear end of the walking part 1. The rear cross beam further includes a beam body 13 and two movable parts 14, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the beam body 13 through a folding device, and the movable part 14 is provided with an anchoring device. The folding device includes a hydraulic rod, a first connecting part and a second connecting part, the hydraulic rod is hinged to the first connecting part, and the first connecting part and the second connecting part are hinged; the first connecting part is connected to the movable part 14, the second connecting part is connected to the beam body 13, and the hydraulic rod is connected to the crane body (for example, the first supporting truss 5). In this embodiment, when the bridge crane needs to move, the movable part 14 is moved toward the crane body (for example, the first supporting truss 5) through the folding device. Therefore, during the movement of the walking part 1, the anchoring device will not be blocked by the sling connector on the steel bridge under construction. The folding device is a conventional device in the art, and those skilled in the art are capable of understanding and implementing it, and the present invention will not be described in detail.

As shown in FIG4 , in one embodiment of the present invention, a front end truss 12 is provided at the front end of the hanger bracket 2. The front end truss 12 includes a main beam and a plurality of diagonal braces, and the main beam is connected to the hanger bracket 2 through these diagonal braces. These diagonal braces can be arranged in a staggered manner. When the hanger 3 lifts the steel beam segment, the front end truss 12 will make all the supporting trusses evenly stressed and deformed in a coordinated manner, thereby enhancing the stability and structural strength of the hanger bracket 2. In a preferred embodiment, the front end truss 12 can be connected to the first supporting truss 5, the second supporting truss 6, the third supporting truss 7 and the fourth supporting truss 8, and make these four supporting trusses evenly stressed and deformed in a coordinated manner.

The method for using the bridge deck crane of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The first step: lower all the hangers 3 on the hanger bracket 2 onto the steel bridge under construction; and when all the hangers 3 fall onto the bridge deck, continue to lower the hanging rope of the preset length.

Step 2: The walking part 1 moves, and the rope connected to the sling 3 is gradually tightened. When the rope is fully tightened, the rope is in an inclined state, and the inclined rope will pull the sling 3 to move as the walking part 1 moves.

Step 3: The walking part 1 moves a preset distance so that the longitudinal distance between the lifting center of the hanger bracket 2 and the walking part 1 is greater than or equal to the sum of half the length of the steel beam segment and the length of the hanger 3. In other words, after the walking part 1 moves a preset distance, the distance between the lifting center and the end of the steel bridge under construction will be greater than or equal to half the length of the steel beam segment, thereby facilitating the docking of the steel beam segment and the steel bridge under construction; and the distance between the walking part 1 and the end of the steel bridge under construction will be greater than or equal to the length of the hanger 3, thereby preventing the hanger 3 from falling from the steel bridge under construction.

Step 4: Anchor the bridge crane to the steel bridge under construction through the anchoring device.

Step 5: All the slings 3 are lifted by the lifting device so that all the slings 3 are lifted upward and leave the bridge deck of the steel bridge under construction. At this time, all the slings 3 are vertically suspended (or hung) on the sling bracket 2.

Step 6: Lower all the hangers 3 to the position of the steel beam segment.

In the above method, although only the traveling wheel system 4 is provided on the hoist 3, by controlling the distance between the lifting center and the end of the steel bridge under construction, the overturning pulling force of the hoist 3 on the hoist bracket 2 can be reduced, and the deadweight of the bridge crane can also be reduced.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A bridge crane, characterized in that it comprises a crane body, the crane body comprising a traveling part (1) and a sling bracket (2) extending forward of the traveling part (1), the sling bracket (2) being provided with a sling (3) by means of a sling rope, and a traveling wheel train (4) being provided at the bottom of the sling (3); an anchoring device being provided on the traveling part (1), the anchoring device being used to anchor the traveling part (1) on a steel bridge under construction; Wherein, the longitudinal distance between the lifting center of the sling bracket (2) and the walking part (1) is greater than or equal to the sum of half the length of the steel beam segment and the length of the sling (3); How to use the bridge crane, including: Lowering all the slings (3) on the sling bracket (2) onto the steel bridge under construction, wherein the slings (3) are provided with a traveling wheel train (4); Continue to lower the preset length of the sling; The walking part (1) moves so that the lifting rope pulls the lifting device (3) to move; The walking part (1) moves a preset distance so that the longitudinal distance between the lifting center of the hanger bracket (2) and the walking part (1) is greater than or equal to the sum of half the length of the steel beam segment and the length of the hanger (3); Anchor the bridge crane to the steel bridge under construction; Lifting the sling (3) so that the sling (3) leaves the steel bridge under construction; The lifting device (3) is lowered to the position of the steel beam segment. 2. The bridge crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that a first crossbeam (10) and a second crossbeam (11) are provided on the top of the hanger bracket (2), a longitudinal interval is provided between the first crossbeam (10) and the second crossbeam (11), one hanger (3) is hung on each of the two ends of the first crossbeam (10), and one hanger (3) is hung on the second crossbeam (11). 3. The bridge crane according to claim 2, characterized in that the second crossbeam (11) is located between the first crossbeam (10) and the walking part (1). 4. The bridge crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that the crane body comprises a plurality of support trusses arranged at intervals in the transverse direction, and each two adjacent support trusses are connected by a connecting structure (9). 5. The bridge crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that a front end truss (12) is provided at the front end of the hanger bracket (2), the front end truss (12) includes a main beam and a plurality of diagonal braces, and the main beam is connected to the hanger bracket (2) through the plurality of diagonal braces. 6. The bridge crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that a rear end cross beam is provided at the rear end of the walking part (1), and the rear end cross beam includes a beam body (13) and two movable parts (14), and the two movable parts (14) are respectively connected to the two ends of the beam body (13) through a folding device, and the movable part (14) is provided with the anchoring device. 7. The bridge crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also includes a lifting device, wherein the lifting device is used to lift the lifting device (3), and the lifting device includes a motor and a pulley wound around the lifting rope. 8. The bridge crane according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises a plurality of support seats, wherein the support seats are arranged at the bottom of the walking part (1). 9. The bridge crane according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a counterweight structure, and the counterweight structure is arranged on the walking part (1).