CN111451804A - Clamp for cylindrical workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of clamps, and in particular relates to a clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece, which comprises a tool-type mounting plate, an inner clamping mechanism and an outer clamping mechanism. When clamping the workpiece, the clamp only needs to cover the workpiece. into the three first clamping arc plates that are distributed obliquely, and then push the workpiece, so that the workpiece drives the three groups of telescopic structures to swing; when the three groups of telescopic structures swing to the horizontal state with the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting plate; The adjusting rod drives the worm and the worm gear to drive the three arc-shaped racks to move up, and the arc-shaped racks after the move up limit the telescopic and swing of the three sets of telescopic structures; that is, the inner wall of the workpiece is fixed; then manually drive the three The drive column installed on the screw drives the screw to rotate, and the rotation of the screw drives the connecting plate to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting plate under the action of the thread; the sliding of the connecting plate drives the two second clamps installed on it. The arc plate slides to clamp the outer wall of the workpiece; the workpiece installation is completed.

Description

A jig used for a cylindrical workpiece

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of clamps, and in particular relates to a clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece.

Background technique

A machine tool fixture is a device used to clamp a workpiece on a machine tool. Its function is to position the workpiece so that the workpiece can obtain the correct position relative to the machine tool and the tool, and clamp the workpiece reliably.

For some cylindrical workpieces, especially those with relatively large diameters, they are generally processed by vertical lathes; there are the following problems when clamping:

First, during the clamping process, the workpiece is not easy to be clamped and easily deformed during the clamping process.

Second, the clamping process of the cylindrical workpiece is relatively slow and cannot be clamped quickly.

It is necessary for the present invention to design a fixture for a vertical lathe that can not only realize fast clamping, but also has a fixture that prevents the workpiece from being deformed by force during the clamping process.

The present invention designs a clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece to solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention discloses a clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece, which is realized by adopting the following technical solutions.

A clamp for a cylindrical workpiece is characterized in that it includes a work-type mounting plate, an inner clamping mechanism, an outer clamping mechanism, a base, and a motor, wherein the lower end of the base is fixedly installed on the frame body of the machine tool, and the motor is installed On the inner side of the base; the I-shaped mounting plate is installed on the output shaft of the motor, and the I-shaped mounting plate is rotatably matched with the base; the inner clamping mechanism and the outer clamping mechanism are installed on the I-shaped mounting plate.

The above-mentioned inner clamping mechanism is composed of three inner clamping units evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

A worm is rotatably installed in the above-mentioned I-type mounting plate, and the axis of the worm is collinear with the axis of the I-type mounting plate; the adjusting rod is rotatably installed on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the I-type mounting plate, and the adjusting rod is connected with the worm through gear transmission.

The above-mentioned inner clamping unit includes a telescopic jacket, a telescopic inner rod, a first return spring, a second return spring, a slider, a worm wheel, an arc-shaped rack, and a first clamping arc plate, wherein a sliding slide is installed on the inner side of one end of the telescopic jacket. A second return spring is installed between the sliding block and the telescopic jacket; a hinge shaft is installed on the sliding block, and both ends of the hinge shaft pass through the two sides of the telescopic jacket; the telescopic jacket is hingedly installed on the sliding block through the hinge shaft On the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting plate; one end of the telescopic inner rod is slidably installed on the inner side of the telescopic outer casing, and a first return spring is installed between the end of the telescopic inner rod located on the inner side of the telescopic outer casing and the inner end face of the telescopic outer casing; The other end is fixedly installed with a first clamping arc plate; the worm gear is rotatably installed in the I-shaped mounting plate, and the worm gear is meshed with the worm; the arc-shaped rack is slidably installed on the I-shaped mounting plate, and one end of the arc-shaped rack passes through The upper end face of the I-shaped mounting plate is matched with the telescopic inner rod; the worm gear is connected with the arc-shaped rack through gears.

The end of the telescopic jacket on which the slider is mounted has a straight surface.

The above-mentioned outer clamping mechanism is composed of three outer clamping units evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

The above-mentioned outer clamping unit includes a connecting plate, a second clamping arc plate, a connecting structure, and a screw rod, wherein the connecting plate is slidably installed on the outer side of the I-shaped mounting plate along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting plate; two second clamping arcs The plate is symmetrically installed on both sides of the connecting plate through two connecting structures; one end of the screw rod is installed with a limit ring, the screw rod is rotated and installed on the I-shaped mounting plate through the limit ring, and the other end of the screw rod passes through the connecting plate and the connecting plate thread Matching; rotating the screw, under the action of the thread, the screw will drive the connecting plate to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting plate.

As a further improvement of the technology, the upper end of the base is fixedly installed with a fixed sleeve; the lower end of the I-shaped mounting plate is rotatably installed in the fixed sleeve; the output shaft of the motor is connected to the lower end of the I-shaped installation plate through a coupling.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the upper end of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate is fixedly installed with a mounting column; the outer circular surface of the mounting column is uniformly installed with three sets of hinged lugs; three telescopic jackets in the three inner clamping units They are respectively hinged on the three sets of hinged lugs through the hinged shafts installed on the inner sliders in one-to-one correspondence.

As a further improvement of the present technology, a first installation groove is opened on the inner side of the above-mentioned I-shaped installation plate, and three fifth installation grooves are evenly opened on the inner circular surface of the upper end of the first installation groove. One side is respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove passing through the upper end face of the I-shaped mounting plate; the worm is rotatably installed in the first installation groove, and the three worm gears in the three inner clamping units are respectively rotated and installed in the three fifth installation grooves Inside; the three arc-shaped racks in the three inner clamping units are slidably installed in the three arc-shaped grooves, and the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks pass through the three arc-shaped grooves to cooperate with the corresponding telescopic inner rods .

As a further improvement of the present technology, a third installation groove is opened on the lower side of the first installation groove, and a fourth installation groove is opened on the upper side of the third installation groove; the first gear is fixedly installed on the lower end of the worm, and is located in the third installation groove. The second gear is rotatably installed in the fourth installation slot, and the second gear meshes with the first gear; the second gear is fixedly connected with the adjusting rod.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the inner side of the above-mentioned I-shaped installation plate is provided with a second installation groove, and a counterweight block for balancing the weight of the second gear and the adjusting rod is installed in the second installation groove.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the installation structures between the three worm gears and the three arc-shaped racks installed in the above-mentioned three fifth installation grooves and the three arc-shaped grooves are exactly the same.

For the structure installed between any group of worm gears and arc-shaped racks, the fourth shaft is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove, the worm gear is fixedly installed at one end of the fourth shaft, and the seventh gear is fixedly installed on the fourth shaft. The other end of the third shaft; one end of the third shaft is fixedly installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove, the sixth gear is rotatably installed on the third shaft, and the sixth gear meshes with the seventh gear; the second shaft is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth In the installation groove, the fourth gear is fixedly installed on one end of the second rotating shaft, and the fourth gear meshes with the sixth gear; the fifth gear is fixedly installed on the other end of the second rotating shaft; one end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the corresponding fifth gear. In the installation groove, the third gear is rotatably installed on one end of the first rotating shaft, the third gear is engaged with the fifth gear, and the third gear is engaged with the corresponding arc-shaped rack.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the lower sides of the three telescopic inner rods all have teeth, the lower side of one end of the three telescopic outer sleeves is opened with a square opening, and the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks are oscillatingly installed with a limit block , two leaf springs are respectively installed between the two sides of the limit block and the corresponding arc-shaped racks; the upper end of the limit block passes through the square opening on the corresponding telescopic jacket to cooperate with the teeth on the lower side of the corresponding telescopic inner rod; Under the action of the two leaf springs, the limiting block is always in an inclined state with the corresponding arc-shaped rack and is biased toward the side where the first clamping arc plate is installed.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the outer circular surface of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate is provided with three screw mounting holes uniformly in the circumferential direction, and the inner circular surface of the three screw mounting holes is respectively provided with a limit groove; Three sets of guide holes are evenly opened on the outer circumference of the outer circular surface, and the three sets of guide holes are matched with the three screw mounting holes respectively. Two guide rods are installed symmetrically on both sides of the three connecting plates in the tightening unit, respectively, and the three connecting plates are respectively installed through the cooperation of the two guide rods on the three sets of guide holes opened on the I-shaped mounting plate. On the I-shaped mounting plate; the three screws are matched with the three screw mounting holes opened on the I-shaped mounting plate, and the three limit disks installed on the three threaded rods are rotated with the three limit grooves.

One end of the above-mentioned three screws is respectively fixed with a driving column which is convenient for manual manual driving, and the driving column is provided with a hexagonal groove.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the inner side of one end of the above-mentioned telescopic jacket is provided with a first chute, and both sides of the first chute are provided with a second through chute, the slider is slidably installed in the first chute, and the slider is The installed hinge shaft passes through the second chute on both sides of the first chute and is hinged with the hinge lugs installed on the I-shaped mounting plate.

The inner side of the telescopic jacket is symmetrically provided with two guide grooves, and one end of the telescopic inner rod is symmetrically installed with two guide blocks.

The upper end surface of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate is uniformly opened with three avoidance grooves in the circumferential direction to prevent the interference of the three telescopic jackets with the I-shaped mounting plate during the swinging process.

Compared with the traditional clamp technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. The fixture designed by the present invention, when clamping the workpiece, only needs to insert the workpiece into the three first clamping arc plates that are distributed obliquely, and then push the workpiece, so that the workpiece drives the three groups of telescopic structures to swing; The telescopic structure swings until it is in a horizontal state with the upper end face of the I-shaped mounting plate; the adjusting rod is rotated, and the worm and worm gear are driven by the adjusting rod to drive the three arc-shaped racks to move up, and the arc-shaped racks after the upward movement can extend and retract the three groups of telescopic structures. and swing limit; that is, the inner wall of the workpiece is fixed; then manually drive the drive columns installed on the three screws through the hexagonal wrench to drive the screws to rotate, and the rotation of the screws will drive the connecting plate along the I-shaped mounting plate under the action of the thread. Sliding in the radial direction; the sliding of the connecting plate drives the two second clamping arc plates installed on it to slide and clamp the outer wall of the workpiece; the installation of the workpiece is completed; the fixture can quickly clamp the workpiece; at the same time, the inner and outer walls of the workpiece are simultaneously It is fixed, and the workpiece is not easily deformed during the clamping process.

2. Under the action of the two leaf springs and the corresponding arc-shaped racks, the design of the present invention always maintains an inclined state between the limit block and the side where the first clamping arc plate is installed to ensure that the arc-shaped rack moves upward. Afterwards, the corresponding telescopic inner rod is provided with a thrust away from the telescopic outer sleeve, which improves the clamping force of the first clamping arc plate installed on the telescopic inner rod to the inner wall surface of the workpiece.

3. Through the self-locking function of the first worm and the first worm gear designed in the present invention, the three arc-shaped racks can be limited and locked, preventing the three arc-shaped racks from moving in the opposite direction under pressure and affecting the internal clamping. Clamping of the workpiece by the mechanism.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the overall components.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall component distribution.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the inner clamping mechanism and the outer clamping mechanism.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the inner clamping mechanism and the outer clamping mechanism.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the appearance of the inner clamping unit.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner clamping unit.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer clamping unit.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the I-type mounting plate.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the I-type mounting plate.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the arc-shaped rack and worm.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first gear and the second gear.

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped rack and worm gear drive.

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the limit block.

Label name in the figure: 1. I-type mounting plate; 2. Inner clamping mechanism; 3. Outer clamping mechanism; 4. Base; 5. Fixed sleeve; 6. Coupling; 7. Motor; 8. Counterweight ;9, worm; 10, arc-shaped rack; 11, telescopic jacket; 12, telescopic inner rod; 13, first clamping arc plate; 14, hinge shaft; 15, first return spring; 16, slider; 17 , the second return spring; 18, the first chute; 19, the second chute; 20, the guide groove; 21, the square mouth; 22, the guide block; 23, the drive column; 24, the connecting plate; 25, the second clip Tight arc plate; 26, connecting structure; 27, guide rod; 28, limit ring; 29, screw; 30, arc groove; 31, hinged lug; 32, guide hole; 33, screw hole; 34, limit slot; 35, the first installation slot; 36, the second installation slot; 37, the third installation slot; 38, the fourth installation slot; 39, the fifth installation slot; 40, the limit block; 41, the first gear; 42 43, the second gear; 44, the third gear; 45, the first shaft; 46, the second shaft; 47, the fourth gear; 48, the fifth gear; 49, the sixth gear; 50, the seventh Gear; 51, third shaft; 52, fourth shaft; 53, worm gear; 54, leaf spring; 55, inner clamping unit; 56, outer clamping unit; 57, mounting post; 58, avoidance groove; 59, straight face ; 60, workpiece.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples or drawings are used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, it includes a tool-type mounting plate 1, an inner clamping mechanism 2, an outer clamping mechanism 3, a base 4, and a motor 7. The lower end of the base 4 is fixedly installed on the frame of the machine tool, as shown in the figure 1, the motor 7 is installed on the inner side of the base 4; the I-shaped mounting plate 1 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 7, and the I-shaped mounting plate 1 is rotated with the base 4; as shown in Figure 3, the inner clamping mechanism 2 and the The outer clamping mechanism 3 is mounted on the I-shaped mounting plate 1 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the above-mentioned inner clamping mechanism 2 is composed of three inner clamping units 55 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

As shown in Figures 4 and 11, a worm 9 is rotatably installed in the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate 1, and the axis of the worm 9 is collinear with the axis of the I-shaped mounting plate 1; On the outer circular surface, the adjusting rod 42 is connected with the worm 9 through gears.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 10 , the inner clamping unit 55 includes a telescopic jacket 11 , a telescopic inner rod 12 , a first return spring 15 , a second return spring 17 , a slider 16 , a worm wheel 53 , an arc-shaped rack 10 , A clamping arc plate 13, wherein as shown in Figures 5 and 6, a sliding block 16 is slidably installed on the inner side of one end of the telescopic jacket 11, and a second return spring 17 is installed between the sliding block 16 and the telescopic jacket 11; A hinged shaft 14 is installed, and both ends of the hinged shaft 14 protrude from both sides of the telescopic jacket 11; One end of the rod 12 is slidably installed on the inner side of the telescopic outer rod 11, and a first return spring 15 is installed between the end of the inner telescopic rod 12 located on the inner side of the telescopic outer rod 11 and the inner end surface of the telescopic outer casing 11; the other end of the telescopic inner rod 12 is fixedly installed with a The first clamping arc plate 13; the worm wheel 53 is rotatably installed in the I-shaped mounting plate 1, and the worm wheel 53 meshes with the worm 9; the arc-shaped rack 10 is slidably installed on the I-shaped mounting plate 1, and the arc-shaped rack 10 One end penetrates the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting plate 1 and is matched with the telescopic inner rod 12;

As shown in FIG. 6 , the end of the telescopic jacket 11 on which the slider 16 is mounted has a straight surface 59 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the above-mentioned outer clamping mechanism 3 is composed of three outer clamping units 56 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the above-mentioned outer clamping unit 56 includes a connecting plate 24 , a second clamping arc plate 25 , a connecting structure 26 , and a screw 29 , wherein the connecting plate 24 is slidably installed on the tool along the radial direction of the tool-type mounting plate 1 . Two second clamping arc plates 25 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the connecting plate 24 through two connecting structures 26; one end of the screw rod 29 is installed with a limit ring 28, and the screw rod 29 passes through the limit ring 28 It is rotatably installed on the I-shaped mounting plate 1, and the other end of the screw rod 29 passes through the connecting plate 24 and is threaded with the connecting plate 24; Sliding in radial direction.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the upper end of the base 4 is fixedly installed with a fixed sleeve 5; the lower end of the I-shaped mounting plate 1 is rotatably installed in the fixed sleeve 5; the output shaft of the motor 7 is connected to the I-shaped installation plate through the coupling 6. 1 is connected to the lower end.

The motor 7 is controlled to work, the motor 7 drives the I-shaped mounting plate 1 to rotate through the coupling 6, and the I-shaped mounting plate 1 rotates to drive the workpiece 60 to rotate through the inner clamping mechanism 2 and the outer clamping mechanism 3 installed on it. The function of the design of the fixing sleeve 5 in the present invention is to provide a relative rotating part for the rotation between the I-shaped mounting plate 1 and the base 4 .

As shown in FIG. 8 , the upper end of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate 1 is fixedly installed with a mounting column 57 ; the outer circumferential surface of the mounting column 57 is uniformly installed with three sets of hinge lugs 31 ; The three telescopic jackets 11 are respectively hingedly mounted on the three sets of hinged lugs 31 through the hinged shafts 14 mounted on the inner sliders 16 in a one-to-one correspondence.

When the three sets of telescopic structures swing to a horizontal state with the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting plate 1, the straight surfaces 59 on the three telescopic jackets 11 are in contact with the mounting posts 57, and the straight surfaces 59 make the mounting posts 57 swing to the three telescopic jackets 11 limit.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the inner side of the above-mentioned I-shaped installation plate 1 is provided with a first installation groove 35, and the inner circular surface of the upper end of the first installation groove 35 is uniformly opened with three fifth installation grooves 39 in the circumferential direction. One side of the installation groove 39 is respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove 30 which penetrates the upper end face of the I-shaped installation plate 1; the worm 9 is rotatably installed in the first installation groove 35, as shown in FIG. The three worm gears 53 are rotatably installed in the three fifth installation grooves 39; the three arc-shaped racks 10 in the three inner clamping units 55 are slidably installed in the three arc-shaped grooves 30, and the three The upper end of the arc-shaped rack 10 protrudes through three arc-shaped grooves 30 to cooperate with the corresponding telescopic inner rods 12 .

As shown in FIG. 9 , a third installation groove 37 is formed on the lower side of the first installation groove 35 , and a fourth installation groove 38 is formed on the upper side of the third installation groove 37 ; as shown in FIG. 11 , the first gear 41 is fixed Installed on the lower end of the worm 9 and located in the third installation groove 37; the second gear 43 is rotatably installed in the fourth installation groove 38, and the second gear 43 meshes with the first gear 41; the second gear 43 and the adjustment rod 42 Fixed connection.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the inner side of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate 1 is provided with a second installation groove 36 , as shown in FIG. 8. The function of the counterweight 8 is to ensure that the center of gravity of the fixture is always located on the axis of the output shaft of the motor 7 during the working process, so as to reduce the vibration of the equipment during the processing and ensure the processing accuracy.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the installation structures between the three worm gears 53 and the three arc-shaped racks 10 installed in the above-mentioned three fifth installation grooves 39 and the three arc-shaped grooves 30 are exactly the same.

As shown in FIG. 12 , for the structure installed between any group of worm gears 53 and the arc-shaped rack 10 , the fourth shaft 52 is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove 39 , and the worm gear 53 is fixedly installed on the fourth shaft 52 One end of the seventh gear 50 is fixedly installed on the other end of the fourth rotating shaft 52; one end of the third rotating shaft 51 is fixedly installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove 39, the sixth gear 49 is rotatably installed on the third rotating shaft 51, the first The sixth gear 49 meshes with the seventh gear 50 ; the second shaft 46 is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation slot 39 , the fourth gear 47 is fixedly installed at one end of the second shaft 46 , and the fourth gear 47 is meshed with the sixth gear 49 The fifth gear 48 is fixedly installed on the other end of the second shaft 46; one end of the first shaft 45 is fixedly installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove 39, the third gear 44 is rotatably installed on one end of the first shaft 45, and the third The gear 44 meshes with the fifth gear 48 ; the third gear 44 meshes with the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 .

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , the lower sides of the three telescopic inner rods 12 all have teeth, and the lower side of one end of the three telescopic outer rods 11 has a square opening 21 . As shown in FIG. 13 , the three arc-shaped racks A limit block 40 is installed on the upper end of the limit block 40, and two leaf springs 54 are respectively installed between the two sides of the limit block 40 and the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10; the upper end of the limit block 40 passes through the corresponding telescopic jacket. The square port 21 on the 11 is matched with the teeth on the lower side of the corresponding telescopic inner rod 12; the limit block 40 is always in an inclined state with the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 under the action of the two leaf springs 54 and is biased to be installed. One side of the first clamping arc plate 13 . The reason why the present invention designs the limit block 40 to always keep the inclined state between the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 and the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 under the action of the two leaf springs 54 and is biased towards the side where the first clamping arc plate 13 is installed is to ensure the arc-shaped After the rack 10 moves up, it provides a thrust to the corresponding telescopic inner rod 12 away from the telescopic outer casing 11 , which improves the clamping force of the first clamping arc plate 13 installed on the telescopic inner rod 12 on the inner wall of the workpiece 60 .

As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the outer circular surface of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate 1 is provided with three screw 29 mounting holes uniformly in the circumferential direction, and a limit groove 34 is respectively opened on the inner circular surface of the three screw 29 mounting holes. The outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting plate 1 is evenly provided with three groups of guide holes 32 in the circumferential direction. 29 on both sides of the mounting hole; as shown in FIG. 7 , two guide rods 27 are installed symmetrically on both sides of the three connecting plates 24 in the three outer clamping units 56 respectively, and the three connecting plates 24 pass through them respectively. The two guide rods 27 and the three sets of guide holes 32 opened on the I-type installation plate 1 are installed on the I-type installation plate 1; The two second clamping arc plates 25 play a guiding role; the three screw rods 29 are matched with the three screw rod 29 mounting holes opened on the I-shaped mounting plate 1, and the three limit disks installed by the three threaded rods are connected with the three screw rods 29. The limiting groove 34 is rotatably fitted.

One end of the above three screws 29 is respectively fixed with a driving column 23 which is convenient for manual driving, and the driving column 23 has a hexagonal groove.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the inner side of one end of the above-mentioned telescopic jacket 11 is provided with a first chute 18 , both sides of the first chute 18 are provided with a second chute 19 penetrating through, and the slider 16 is slidably installed in the first chute 18 Inside, the hinge shaft 14 installed on the slider 16 passes through the second sliding grooves 19 on both sides of the first sliding groove 18 and is hinged with the hinged lugs 31 installed on the I-shaped mounting plate 1 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , two guide grooves 20 are symmetrically opened on the inner side of the telescopic jacket 11 , two guide blocks 22 are symmetrically installed at one end of the telescopic inner rod 12 , and the telescopic inner rod 12 passes through the guide blocks 22 and the guide grooves 20 . The matching sliding is installed in the telescopic jacket 11.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the upper end surface of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate 1 is uniformly provided with three avoidance grooves 58 to prevent the three telescopic jackets 11 from interfering with the I-shaped mounting plate 1 during the swinging process.

The workpiece 60 that the fixture designed in the present invention can be applied to is a cylindrical workpiece 60 with a large diameter, and different sizes of fixtures can be used according to the workpiece 60 of different sizes and diameters; the size of the fixture applicable to the workpiece 60 can be extended by three sets of telescopic structures length or shortening.

The first clamping arc plate 13 is a stretching member with an arc-shaped cross section, and the stretching direction is parallel to the axis of the workpiece 60 after the workpiece 60 is installed.

Specific work flow: when the fixture designed by the present invention is used, when the workpiece 60 is not installed, the three groups of telescopic structures composed of the telescopic outer sleeve 11 and the telescopic inner rod 12 have a clamp between them and the upper end face of the I-shaped mounting plate 1 In this state, one end of the three telescopic jackets 11 on which the sliders 16 are installed is squeezed by the upper end surface of the I-type mounting plate 1, and the three sliders 16 are in the three first openings on the three telescopic jackets 11. At the middle position of the chute 18, the three second return springs 17 are compressed; the first return spring 15 is in a pre-compressed state, and the telescopic inner rod 12 is stretched out to the greatest extent; The clamping arc plates 13 are distributed obliquely with respect to the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting plate 1 .

When the workpiece 60 is installed, the nested end of the workpiece 60 will first come into contact with the three first clamping arc plates 13 distributed obliquely, and then squeeze the three first clamping arc plates 13; The plate 13 is pressed to drive the three sets of telescopic structures to swing; during the swinging process, the workpiece 60 is inserted while the three sets of telescopic structures are contracted and adapted, and at the same time, the three telescopic jackets 11 are relative to the three sliders 16 in the second return spring 17. Under the action of sliding reset; when the three sets of telescopic structures swing to contact the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting plate 1, that is, the three groups of telescopic structures swing to the horizontal state with the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting plate 1; at this time, the three arc-shaped teeth The upper end of the strip 10 is also aligned with the square openings 21 opened on the three telescopic jackets 11; at this time, the adjusting rod 42 is driven to rotate by the auxiliary tool, so that the adjusting rod 42 drives the second gear 43 to rotate, and the second gear 43 rotates to drive the first gear 43 to rotate. When a gear 41 rotates, the rotation of the first gear 41 drives the worm 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the worm 9 drives the three worm gears 53 to rotate; when the worm gear 53 rotates, the worm gear 53 drives the fourth shaft 52 to rotate, and the fourth shaft 52 rotates to drive the seventh gear 50 rotates, the rotation of the seventh gear 50 drives the rotation of the sixth gear 49, the rotation of the sixth gear 49 drives the rotation of the fourth gear 47, the rotation of the fourth gear 47 drives the rotation of the second shaft 46, the rotation of the second shaft 46 drives the rotation of the fifth gear 48 , the rotation of the fifth gear 48 drives the rotation of the third gear 44, and the rotation of the third gear 44 drives the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 to move upward; The square mouth 21 is engaged with the upper side teeth of the three telescopic inner rods 12; the telescopic limit of the three groups of telescopic structures is limited by the three limit blocks 40; 59 is in contact with the mounting post 57. On the other hand, the first clamping arc plate 13 is in contact with the inner circular surface of the workpiece 60, and the first clamping arc plate 13 is fixedly connected with the first telescopic inner rod 12. After positioning, the axis of the first clamping arc plate 13 is always parallel to the axis of the workpiece 60, so the swing of the three telescopic structures is also limited at this time; the inner wall of the workpiece 60 is clamped; then manually drive the three screws through the hexagonal wrench The drive column 23 installed on the 29 makes it drive the screw 29 to rotate, and the rotation of the screw 29 will drive the connecting plate 24 to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting plate 1 under the action of the thread; The two second clamping arc plates 25 slide and clamp the outer wall of the workpiece 60; the installation of the workpiece 60 is completed.

When working, the motor 7 is controlled to work, the motor 7 drives the I-shaped mounting plate 1 to rotate through the coupling 6, and the I-shaped mounting plate 1 rotates to drive the workpiece 60 to rotate through the inner clamping mechanism 2 and outer clamping mechanism 3 installed on it.

Claims (10)

1. a clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece is characterized in that: it comprises a tool-type mounting plate, an inner clamping mechanism, an outer clamping mechanism, a base, a motor, wherein the lower end of the base is fixedly installed on the frame body of the machine tool, The motor is installed on the inner side of the base; the I-shaped installation plate is installed on the output shaft of the motor, and the I-shaped installation plate is rotated with the base; the inner clamping mechanism and the outer clamping mechanism are installed on the I-shaped installation plate; The above-mentioned inner clamping mechanism is composed of three inner clamping units evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; A worm is rotatably installed in the above-mentioned I-type mounting plate, and the axis of the worm is collinear with the axis of the I-type mounting plate; the adjusting rod is rotatably installed on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the I-type mounting plate, and the adjusting rod is connected with the worm drive through gears; The above-mentioned inner clamping unit includes a telescopic jacket, a telescopic inner rod, a first return spring, a second return spring, a slider, a worm wheel, an arc-shaped rack, and a first clamping arc plate, wherein a sliding slide is installed on the inner side of one end of the telescopic jacket. A second return spring is installed between the sliding block and the telescopic jacket; a hinge shaft is installed on the sliding block, and both ends of the hinge shaft pass through the two sides of the telescopic jacket; the telescopic jacket is hingedly installed on the sliding block through the hinge shaft On the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting plate; one end of the telescopic inner rod is slidably installed on the inner side of the telescopic outer casing, and a first return spring is installed between the end of the telescopic inner rod located on the inner side of the telescopic outer casing and the inner end face of the telescopic outer casing; The other end is fixedly installed with a first clamping arc plate; the worm gear is rotatably installed in the I-shaped mounting plate, and the worm gear is meshed with the worm; the arc-shaped rack is slidably installed on the I-shaped mounting plate, and one end of the arc-shaped rack passes through The upper end face of the I-type mounting plate is matched with the telescopic inner rod; the worm gear is connected with the arc-shaped rack through gears; One end of the above-mentioned telescopic jacket on which the slider is installed has a straight surface; The above-mentioned outer clamping mechanism is composed of three outer clamping units evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; The above-mentioned outer clamping unit includes a connecting plate, a second clamping arc plate, a connecting structure, and a screw rod, wherein the connecting plate is slidably installed on the outer side of the I-shaped mounting plate along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting plate; two second clamping arcs The plate is symmetrically installed on both sides of the connecting plate through two connecting structures; one end of the screw rod is installed with a limit ring, the screw rod is rotated and installed on the I-shaped mounting plate through the limit ring, and the other end of the screw rod passes through the connecting plate and the connecting plate thread Matching; rotating the screw, under the action of the thread, the screw will drive the connecting plate to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting plate. 2. The clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the base is fixedly installed with a fixed sleeve; the lower end of the I-shaped mounting plate is rotatably installed in the fixed sleeve; the output shaft of the motor It is connected with the lower end of the I-type mounting plate through a coupling. 3. The clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate is fixedly installed with a mounting column; the outer circumference of the mounting column is uniformly installed with three groups of hinged lugs; the three telescopic jackets in the three inner clamping units are respectively hingedly mounted on the three sets of hinged lugs through the hinge shafts installed on the inner sliders in a one-to-one correspondence. 4. The clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, wherein a first mounting groove is opened on the inner side of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate, and the inner circular surface of the upper end of the first mounting groove has a uniform circumference. There are three fifth installation grooves, one side of the three fifth installation grooves is respectively opened with an arc-shaped groove that penetrates the upper end face of the I-shaped installation plate; the worm is rotated and installed in the first installation groove, and the three inner clamping The three worm gears in the unit are respectively rotatably installed in the three fifth installation grooves; the three arc-shaped racks in the three inner clamping units are slidably installed in the three arc-shaped grooves, and the three arc-shaped racks Three arc-shaped grooves are pierced through the upper end of the rod to be matched with the corresponding telescopic inner rod. 5 . The clamp for cylindrical workpieces according to claim 4 , wherein a third installation groove is formed on the lower side of the first installation groove, and a fourth installation groove is formed on the upper side of the third installation groove. 6 . slot; the first gear is fixedly installed on the lower end of the worm, and is located in the third installation slot; the second gear is rotatably installed in the fourth installation slot, and the second gear meshes with the first gear; the second gear is fixedly connected with the adjusting rod . 6. The clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: the inner side of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate is provided with a second installation groove, and the second installation groove is installed with a balance second gear and an adjustment Counterweights for rod weights. 7. The clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: among the three worm gears and the three arc-shaped racks installed in the three fifth installation grooves and the three arc-shaped grooves The structure of the installation is exactly the same; For the structure installed between any group of worm gears and arc-shaped racks, the fourth shaft is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove, the worm gear is fixedly installed at one end of the fourth shaft, and the seventh gear is fixedly installed on the fourth shaft. The other end of the third shaft; one end of the third shaft is fixedly installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove, the sixth gear is rotatably installed on the third shaft, and the sixth gear meshes with the seventh gear; the second shaft is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth In the installation groove, the fourth gear is fixedly installed on one end of the second rotating shaft, and the fourth gear meshes with the sixth gear; the fifth gear is fixedly installed on the other end of the second rotating shaft; one end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the corresponding fifth gear. In the installation groove, the third gear is rotatably installed at one end of the first rotating shaft, the third gear meshes with the fifth gear, and the third gear meshes with the corresponding arc-shaped rack. 8. The clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the lower side of the three telescopic inner rods all have teeth, and the lower side of one end of the three telescopic outer sleeves is provided with a square opening, The upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks are oscillatingly installed with a limit block, and two leaf springs are respectively installed between the two sides of the limit block and the corresponding arc-shaped racks; the upper end of the limit block passes through the corresponding telescopic jacket The square mouth on the upper part is matched with the teeth on the lower side of the corresponding telescopic inner rod; the limit block is always inclined between the corresponding arc-shaped rack under the action of the two leaf springs, and the first clamping arc plate is installed biasedly. side. 9 . The clamp used for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1 , wherein three screw mounting holes are evenly opened on the outer circular surface of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate in the circumferential direction, and the three screw mounting holes There is a limit slot on the inner circular surface respectively; the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting plate is provided with three groups of guide holes in the circumferential direction, and the three groups of guide holes are matched with the three screw mounting holes respectively. The guide holes are respectively located on both sides of the corresponding screw mounting holes; two guide rods are symmetrically installed on both sides of the three connecting plates in the three outer clamping units, and the three connecting plates pass through the two guide rods on them respectively. Fitted with the three sets of guide holes opened on the I-shaped mounting plate, it is installed on the I-shaped mounting plate; the three screws are matched with the three screw mounting holes opened on the I-shaped mounting plate, and the three screw rods are installed on the three screw rods. The limit plate is rotatably matched with the three limit grooves; One end of the above-mentioned three screws is respectively fixed with a driving column which is convenient for manual manual driving, and the driving column is provided with a hexagonal groove. 10 . The clamp for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1 , wherein a first chute is opened on the inner side of one end of the telescopic jacket, and a second sliding slot is opened on both sides of the first chute. 11 . The sliding block is slidably installed in the first sliding groove, and the hinge shaft installed on the sliding block passes through the second sliding groove on both sides of the first sliding groove and is hinged with the hinge lugs installed on the I-shaped mounting plate; The inner side of the telescopic jacket is symmetrically provided with two guide grooves, one end of the telescopic inner rod is symmetrically installed with two guide blocks, and the telescopic inner rod is slidably installed in the telescopic jacket through the cooperation of the guide blocks and the guide grooves; The upper end surface of the above-mentioned I-shaped mounting plate is uniformly opened with three avoidance grooves in the circumferential direction to prevent the interference of the three telescopic jackets with the I-shaped mounting plate during the swinging process.

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